2022北京怀柔高一（上）期末英语（教师版）

第16页/共16页2022北京怀柔高一（上）期末英语注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，分为三部分。考试时间90分钟，试卷满分100分。2.考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。3.答题前考生务必将答题卡上的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写。4.答题卡上选择题必须用2B铅笔作答，将选中项涂满涂黑，黑度以盖住框内字母为准，修改时用橡皮擦除干净。非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。5.考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIlookbackatthefirsthalfoftheyear,IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough.Butthebiggestonewasdefinitelymyhighschoolgraduation___1___.WhenIfirstarrivedintheCzechRepublic(捷克)fouryearsago,Iwasjustanormalexchange___2___whospokeonlyEnglish.Thenattheendoftheyear-longexchangeprogram,Icameupwiththeideaof___3___myhighschoolstudiesthere.Atthattime,Iwasonlysixteenanddelightedbymynewfuture.ButIdidn’trealizethe___4___ofcompletingschoolintheCzechlanguage,whichisconsideredtobeoneofthemostpopular___5___intheworld.AsIlacked(缺少)___6___ofcertainsubjects,IreceivedtheworstmarksandpeoplearounddoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.However,Ipracticedallthetime.Gradually,Icouldcommunicatewithothersfluentlyandmy___7___grew.Thefinalexamdaycame.Thinkingabouteveryonewhohadhelpedandsupportedmealongmyjourney,Ifelt___8___andconfident.InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad___9___theexam.Atmygraduationceremony,myCzechteachersaidveryproudlyinfrontofeveryone.“Onestudent,sheisfromChinawithonlythreeyearsoflearningCzech,she____10____.”Myjourneythroughhighschoolwasfinallyfinished.Thoughthejourneyofuniversityisjustabouttobegin,IthinkIamready.1.A.speech B.exam C.present D.custom2.A.teacher B.expert C.engineer D.student3.A.finishing B.canceling C.examining D.preparing4.A.value B.ability C.challenge D.benefit5.A.places B.music C.songs D.languages6.A.knowledge B.letter C.luck D.magazine7.A.money B.fear C.confidence D.worry8.A.sad B.troubled C.terrible D.encouraged9.A.passed B.failed C.avoided D.missed10.A.gotaway B.brokedown C.madeit D.calmeddown第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词。在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Myhusbandwaslooking___11___ourtwolittlenieces.Theystartedcryingwhenmyhusbandcookedlunch.Heranintotheroomand___12___(see)asmallscorpion(蝎子),somyhusbandpickeditup.Theoldergirlsaid,"Girlscan'tdealwithit."Myhusbandtoldher,"youneverhavetobeafraidofsomethingonlybecauseyou’reagin.Youareassmartandstrongasanyboy.”Heheldthescorpion'stailwithhis___13___(finger).Thegirlaskedtoholdit.Somyhusbandputitonherhandswhileheheldthetail.Shewassoproudof___14___(her)thatshetalkedaboutituntilshewenttosleep.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词。在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Yogamakesyoufeel___15___(relax)andyoufeelall“atone"withyourbody.SmithFarmisnowofferingpeoplethechance___16___(do)theirdailyyogawithgoats.Infact,thegoatsdon'tactuallytakepartintheyoga.Theyaremoreformoralsupport(精神支持),preventingyoufromgettingbred."Itisawonderfulexperience,”saysSmith,“Itmaysoundsillybutit'strulygettingoutsideinnaturewithbeautifulsceneryandlovelyanimalsaroundyou.Animalscan___17___(real)helphumansdealwithstress,illnessorsadness.”C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词。在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Itiseasyandverypowerfultobekindtothosewhoarekindtoyou.Yet,toexperiencethefullpowerofyoursincerekindness,offerittopeople___18___arecarelessandrudetoyou.Sure,itisdifficulttoforgivethosewhoarehurtfulloyou.Butthewaytostopthehurtisbyrefusingtoparticipateinit.Forgivenessgivesyoutheupperhand.Betheonewhoisstrong,who___19___(stop)therudeness.Putthepowerofkindness___20___forgivenesstoworkforyouandyourworld.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEcoCentralThiswebsiteisallaboutlookingaftertheEarth.Therearefactsaboutdifferentanimals,aswellasinformationaboutforests,desertsandoceans.Youcanuploadyourownvideosontothesiteforeveryonetosee.TeenPressThisisoneofthebestsitesonthewebforteenagerswholovewriting.Youcanshareyourworkwithothers,andtherearemessageboardswhereyoucanchataboutthingsthatareimportanttoyou.ChannelTwentyOnthissiteyoucanwatchadailynewsprogramandsearchforinformationaboutbignewsstories.Therearealsovideosondifferentsubjects,articlesaboutfamousbands,gamesandcompetitions.Inside-the-coverFindingoutaboutyourfavoritewritersiseasyonthissiteTherearelotsofinterestingarticlesandinformationaboutthelatestbooks.Youcanreadblogsbywell-knownwritersandpostquestionstothem.Andyouarelikelytogetrepliesfromthem.Tune-inTherearemillionsofsongsonthiswebsiteforyoutodownloadorlistentoonline.Youcansaveyourfavoritesongsinyourownlist.Ifyou’reinaband,youcanrecordyourmusicanduploadit.Thewebsiteislarge,butthemenusareeasytouse.ScienceZoneThere’slotsofinformationonthissiteaboutmaths,chemistryandbiology.Youcanvisitsomeoftheworld’smostfamousmuseums,orwatchwildlifeviawebcams.Therearealsosomeverycoolgames,suchasSavethePlanet.21.TeenPressisawebsiteforteenagerswho_____.A.enjoywriting B.careabouttheEarthC.likewatchingthenews D.areinterestedinmusic22.OnTune-in,youcan_____.A.takewritingclasses B.listentosongsC.learnaboutthelatestbooks D.watchnewsprograms23.Ifyoulikevisitingonlinemuseums,whichwebsiteisbestforyou?A.EcoCentral. B.ChannelTwenty.C.Tune-in. D.ScienceZone.24.Theauthorwritesthepassageto_____.A.introducewebsitestoteenagersB.teachteenagerstodesign(设计)websitesCencourageteenagerstocreatewebsitesD.compare(比较)differentwebsitesforteenagersBEveryyear,1.5millionkidsaroundtheworlddieasaresultofnotgettingvaccines(疫苗).Thisispartlybecausetransporting(运送)andstoringmedicinescanbeahugechallengeinsomecountries.AnurudhGanesan,17,knowsthisfirsthand.WhenhewasababyinIndia,hisgrandparentscarriedhim10milestoahealthclinicinaremotevillagetoreceiveavaccine.Butbythetimetheyarrived,thevaccineswerenolongerusablebecausetheyhadbeenoverheated.Vaccines,Anurudhlaterlearned,mustbekeptcooltostayeffective.Butrefrigerating(冷藏)themrequireselectricity(电)orice—valuablethingsthatmanydevelopingcountrieslack(缺少).AlthoughAnurudhreceivedthevaccineheneededintheend,hisexperienceasababyandthesadrealitythatsomanyotherchildrenaren’tasluckymotivated(激发)himtotakeaction.ThehighschoolstudentinventedVaxxwagon,aportable(轻便的)vaccine-carryingdevice(装置)thatproducesitsownpowertokeeplifesavingmedicinescoolasthey’redeliveredtoremoteareasaroundtheworld.AnurudhfirstgothisideaforVaxxwagonin2014.Hereadseveraltextbookstolearneverythinghecouldaboutrefrigeration,andthenhedidresearchonlinetolearnmoreaboutvaccines.Ratherthandependingonelectricityorice,Anurudhworkedoutawaytousewheelstopowerarefrigerationsystemforabouteighthours.Theentirerechargeable(可再充电的)coolingsystemcanbepulledtoareasinneedofvaccinesbyabicycle,acar,orananimal.Eventually,AnurudhtookhisdesigntoprofessorsatJohnsHopkinsUniversityforadvice.NotonlydidtheythinkVaxxwagoncouldwork,buttheyofferedhimfundingtohelpbuildit.Anurudhwasrewardedwiththe2015GoogleScienceFairLEGOEducationBuilderAwardforhisinvention.AnurudhsayshisfinalgoalistostartsellingVaxxwagontorelieforganizations,soitcanbeusedtohelppeoplearoundtheworld.Anurudh,whoplanstopursueengineeringdegreeincollege,says,“Don’tgiveuponyourideas.Butalwaystrytohelpotherswithyourprojects.That’sthepointofengineering—tohelppeople.”25.Whydomanychildrendieeveryyear?A.Theylackexcellentmedicalteams. B.Theycannotaffordusablemedicines.C.Theydon’thaveanelectricitysystem. D.Theyhavenochancetogetusablevaccines.26.WhatisspecialaboutVaxxwagon?A.Itisadevicewithcoolingsystem. B.Itcanproducesafevaccines.C.Itcanfinddeadlydiseases. D.Itcanbeameansoftransport.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAnurudh?A.Caringandcreative(有创造力). B.Cleverbutlazy.C.Determinedandindependent. D.Honestandhard—working.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.AllroadsleadtoRome.C.Motivation(动力)isthemotherofsuccess.D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.CHowtoMakeFriends,AccordingtoScienceFriendshipisoneoflife’smostimportantfeatures,andonetoooftentakenforgranted.Thehumanwishforcompanionship(交往)maybenoend,butresearchsuggeststhatoursocialcapital(资本)isfinite(有限的)—wecanonlyhandleacertainnumberofrelationshipsatonetime.Socialscientistshaveusedsomecreativeapproachestomeasurethesizeofpeople’ssocialnetworks;thesehavereturnedestimates(估计)rangingfromabout250toabout5,500people.Lookingmorespecificallyatfriendship,astudyusingtheexchangeofChristmascardstotestclosenessputtheaverageperson’sfriendgroupatabout121people.Howeverlargeournetworksmaybe,ourinnercircletendstobemuchsmaller.TheaverageAmericantrustsonly10to20people.Moreover,thatnumbermaybecomesmaller:From1998to2017,theaverage(平均的)numberoftrustedfriendsdecreased(减少)fromthreetotwo.Thisisbothsadandofimportantresult,becausepeoplewhohavestrongsocialrelationshipstendtolivelongerthanthosewhodon’t.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyoursociallifeislacking?Heretheresearchisinstructive.Tobeginwith,don’trefusetoconsidertheordinaryacquaintance(交情).Eveninteractingwithpeoplewithwhomonehasweaksocialtieshasameaningfulinfluenceonwell—being.Beyondthat,buildingdeeperfriendshipsmaybelargelyamatterofputtingintime.ArecentstudyoutoftheUniversityofKansasfoundthatittakesabout50hoursofsocializingtogofromacquaintancetocasualfriend,anadditional40hourstobecomea“real”friend,andatotalof200hourstobecomeaclosefriend.Ifthatsoundsliketoomucheffort,renewinginactivesocialtiescanbeespeciallyrewarding.Reconnectedfriendscanquicklygetbackthetrusttheybuiltbefore,whileofferingeachotheradashofnovelty(新奇)drawnfromwhateverthey’vebeenuptointhemeantime.Andifallelsefails,youcouldstartrandomlytotellsecretstopeopleyoudon’tknowthatwell.Self-disclosure(自我表露)makesusmorelikable,andasabonus,wearemorelikelytofavorthosetowhomwehaverevealedoursoul.Longingforclosenessandconnectioniscommonandeverywhere,whichsuggeststhatmostofusarestumbling(跌跌撞撞)throughtheworld,expectingcompanionshipthatcouldbeeasilyprovidedbythelonesomestumblersallaroundus.Sosetasidethisarticle,turntosomeonenearby,andtrytomakeafriend.29.FromParagraph2,wecanknowthat______.A.astrongsocialrelationshipmeansalonglifeB.realfriendshipsarebasedontheexchangeofpresentsC.people’sinnercirclebecomessmallerD.people’ssocialnetworksdependontheirwishforcompanionship30.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttoimproveone’ssociallife?A.Sharingsecretswithclosefriends. B.Choosinglikablepeopleasfriends.C.Avoidingtheordinaryacquaintance. D.Spendingtimefordeeperfriendships.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thetipsonhowtodevelopfriendship.B.Thereasonsforseekingcompanionship.C.Thebenefitsbroughtbyagoodsociallife.D.Therelationshipbetweenfriendshipandhappiness.DEachyearthereisanincreasingnumberofcarsonroadsandstreetsasmillionsofnewcarsandtrucksareproduced.OneoutofeverysixAmericansworksatputtingtogetherthepartsofcars,drivingtrucks,buildingroadsorfillingcarsandtruckswithgas.Americanswon’tlivewithoutcars!MostAmericanswouldfindithardtothinkwhatlifewouldlooklikewithoutcars.However,somehaverealizedtheseriousproblemsoftheairpollutionthatiscausedbythecar.Thepollutedairbecomespoisonousanddangeroustohealth.Onewaytogetridofthepollutedairistobuildacarthatdoesnotpollute.That’swhatseveralofthelargecarfactorieshavebeentryingtodo.Buttobuildacleancariseasiersaidthandone.Progressinthisfieldhasbeenslow.Anotherwayistotaketheplaceofthecarenginebysomethingelse.Inventorsarenowworkingonsteamcarsaswellaselectriccars.Manymakersbelievethatitwilltakeyearstodevelopapracticalmodelthatpleasesman.Topreventtheworldfrombeingpollutedbycars,we’llhavetomakesomechangesinthewaymanyofuslive.Americans,forexample,areencouragedtotravelandgotoworkbybicycle.Bicyclingisthoughttohelpkeeptheairclean.Butthischangedoesnotcomeeasily.Alargenumberofworkersmayfindthemselveswithoutjobsifacarfactoryclosesdown.Thustheproblemofairpollutionwouldbecomelessimportantthanthatofunemployment.Althoughcarshaveledustoabetterlife,theyhavealsobroughtusnewproblems.32.Howmanywaystogetridofairpollutionaresuggestedinthisarticle?A.Four. B.Three.C.Two. D.One.33.Ifthenumberofcarsiscutdown,themostseriousproblemtoAmericanworkersis______.A.tohavenoworktodo B.tokeeptheaircleanC.togetabetterlife D.togotoworkbybike34.Whatistheconclusion(结论)ofthewriter?A.Bicyclingistheonlywayout.B.Thenumberofcarsmustbecutdown.C.Carsbringusnothingbutseriousproblems.D.Carsbringusnotonlyabetterlifebutseriousproblems.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howoldis“old”?Howoldis“old”?___35___Morethantwohundredyearsago,youwereoldat35.Thatwastheaveragelifethen.Attheturnofthe20thcentury,asmedicalknowledgeadvanced,theaveragelifespan(长度)increasedto45.In1950,70-year-oldswerereallyold.Today,ahealthy70-year-oldislookingforwardtomanymoreactiveyears.So,howoldisold?Theanswerisoneyou’veheardmanytimes,fromallsortsofpeople.“Youareasoldoryoungasyoufeel!”Thecalendar(日历)simplytellsyouhowmanyyearsyouhavelived.___36___Onceanunknownauthorwrote,“Youthisnotatimeoflifebutitisastateofmind.Nobodygrowsoldbylivinganumberofyears.___37___”___38___AliceBrophy,whenshewaswiththeNewYorkCitycommissionfortheAging,said,“Itupsetsmewhenpeoplesay,‘Gee,youlookyoungforyourage!’Whatdoesthatmean?Istheresomemodelthatyou’resupposedtolookacertainwayat65and75and85?Youknowyoucandieoldat30andliveyoungat80.”Therearemanywrongideasaboutaging.___39___Herearesomeofthemorecommonones.Forexample,mostolderpeopleareinpoorhealth,orolderpeopleareunabletochange.A.Oldisapointofview.B.It’sextremelyterribletobegrownold.C.Theanswerhaschangedovertheyears.D.Yourbodytellsyouhowwellyou’velived.E.Olderpeoplearestubborn,unabletochange.F.Peoplegrowoldbygivinguptheirgoals.G.Theseideasstereotype(固化)peopleonthebasisofage.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题，每小题3分，共12分）阅读下面短文并按要求完成阅读任务。请将答案书写在答题纸相应位置。Mostcultureshaveafestivaloflight.Eachculturecelebratesthisfestivalinadifferentway.Thereisonethingthatisthesame,however,andthisisthewishforpeaceandhappinessintheworld.TheJewishFestivalofLightiscalledHanukkah.HanukkahusuallytakesplaceinDecember.ThestoryofwhyHanukkahiscelebratedisveryold.Itistoldthataverylongtimeago,JewishpeoplecalledtheMacabeeswereatwarwithacountrycalledSyria.OnthedaythattheMacabeeswonthewar,theycleaneduptheirholyplace,whichiscalledatemple,becausetheSyrianpeoplehadbeenlivingthere.Theywantedtolighttheirholylampstosaythankyoufortheendofthewar,butfoundonlyaverysmallamountofoilleftovertodothat.TheMacabeeslitthelampsanyway,thinkingthattheywouldsoongoout.Thelampskeptburningforeightdays!TheJewishpeoplecelebrateHanukkaheveryyearbylightingacandlestickthathaseightcandleholders.Everynightanewcandleislitsothatontheeighthnight,alleightcandlesstandtogether.Presentsaregivenatthistimeandmoneyisgiventothepoor.Lanternsareanotherformoflight.InChina,lanternsarefamousworksofart.TheLanternFestivalgoesbackmorethan2,000yearstotheQinDynasty.Ittakesplaceonthe15thdayoftheChineseNewYear,bringingtheNewYearseasontoaclose.Duringthefestival,parksbecomeaseaoflanterns.Sometimesstreetsareblockedoffandlanternsareputdownoneachsidetomakeahallwayoflanterns.Peoplealsohanglanternsintheirgardens,outsidetheirhousesoronboats.Thelanternsaremadeinmanyshapes,sizesandcolours.Theyareusuallymadefromsilk,paperandplastic.Someareevenmadefromice.Itisbelievedthattheselanternswillguidevisitorsandthespiritsofancestorstothecelebrations.TheLanternFestivalisatimeforfamilies,youngandoldtospendtogether.EveryNewYearthewishisthesame—peaceandhappinesstoall.40.What’sthesamewiththefestivalsoflightindifferentcultures?(不超过11个单词)41.WhydotheJewishlightanewcandleeverynightduringthefestival?(不超过12个单词)42.Whatfestivalbringsanendtothenewyearseason?(不超过5个单词)43.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?(不超过8个单词)第二节（20分）44.假设你是李华，你的英国好友Jim对中国的元宵节感兴趣，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.元宵节的时间及庆祝活动；2.节日意义并期待与他共度。提示词（供参考）：元宵：stickyriceballs；灯谜：lanternriddles；庙会templefairs注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C5.D6.A7.C8.D9.A10.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在捷克努力学习，最终通过考试的故事。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最大的一次考试肯定是我的高中毕业考试。A.speech演讲；B.exam考试；C.present礼物；D.custom习俗。根据上文“IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough”和下文“InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad___9___theexam.”可知，作者最大的挑战是毕业考试。故选B。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：四年前，当我第一次来到捷克共和国时，我只是一个只会说英语的普通交换生。A.teacher老师；B.expert专家；C.engineer工程师；D.student学生。根据“Icameupwiththeideaof___3___myhighschoolstudiesthere.”可知，作者是个学生。故选D。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在为期一年的交换项目结束时，我萌生了在那里完成高中学业的想法。A.finishing完成；B.canceling取消；C.examining检查；D.preparing准备。根据下文“ButIdidn’trealizethe___4___ofcompletingschoolintheCzechlanguage”可知，作者想要在那里完成高中学业。故选A。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我没有意识到用捷克语完成学业的挑战，捷克语被认为是世界上最流行的语言之一。A.value价值；B.ability能力；C.challenge挑战；D.benefit益处。根据上文“IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough.”可知，此处是信息词challenge的词汇复现。故选C。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.places地点；B.music音乐；C.songs歌曲；D.languages语言。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代Czechlanguage，此处表示捷克语被认为是世界上最流行的语言之一。故选D。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我缺乏某些学科的知识，我得到了最差的分数，周围的人怀疑我是否能毕业。A.knowledge知识；B.letter信；C.luck运气；D.magazine杂志。根据下文“IreceivedtheworstmarksandpeoplearounddoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.”可知，作者由于缺乏某些学科知识，导致成绩差，不知能否毕业。故选A。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我可以流利地与人交流，我的信心也增加了。A.money钱；B.fear害怕；C.confidence自信；D.worry担心。根据上文“However,Ipracticedallthetime.”和下文“Gradually,Icouldcommunicatewithothersfluently”可知，作者的自信心加强了。故选C。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想到一路上帮助和支持我的每一个人，我感到鼓舞和自信。A.sad难过的；B.troubled麻烦的；C.terrible可怕的；D.encouraged感到鼓舞的。根据“Thinkingabouteveryonewhohadhelpedandsupportedmealongmyjourney”可知，作者受到许多支持者、帮助者的鼓舞。故选D。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在五月，我收到通知，我已经通过了考试。A.passed通过；B.failed失败；C.avoided避免；D.missed错过，思念。根据下文“Atmygraduationceremony,myCzechteachersaidveryproudlyinfrontofeveryone.”可知，作者收到考试通过的通知。故选A。【10题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“有一个学生，她来自中国，只学了三年捷克语，她成功了。”A.gotaway离开；B.brokedown分解，出故障；C.madeit获得成功；D.calmeddown冷静。根据“InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad___9___theexam.”可知，作者最终通过了考试，获得了成功。故选C。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.after12.saw13.fingers14.herself【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲的是“我”丈夫在照看两个小侄女时，因为一只小蝎子两个女孩哭叫起来，在丈夫的鼓励下，大侄女勇敢地尝试拿一下这只蝎子，她为自己感到骄傲，一直谈论到睡觉。【11题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我丈夫正在照顾我们的两个小侄女。根据后文，我的丈夫跑进屋内查看发生了什么事情，可知丈夫是在照顾两个小侄女。lookafter照顾，是固定短语，故填after。12题详解】考查时态。句意：他跑进房间，看见一只小蝎子，所以我丈夫把它捡了起来。see和raninto是并列的谓语动词，因此应该使用一般过去时，故填saw。【13题详解】考查名词的数。句意：他用手指握住蝎子的尾巴。根据常识判断，丈夫用手握住蝎子的尾巴，应该是使用不止一只手指，因此finger要使用复数形式，故填fingers。【14题详解】考查反身代词。句意：她为自己感到自豪，一直谈论到睡觉。侄女对“自己”感到很自豪，因此使用反身代词，故填herself。【答案】15.relaxed16.todo17.really【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是每天与山羊一起做瑜伽，实际上是让你在自然环境中到处走走，欣赏周围美丽的风景和可爱的动物，以帮助人类应对压力，疾病或悲伤。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：瑜伽会让你感觉到放松。feel是联系动词，后面应该接形容词作表语，relax（放松）是动词，它的形容词是relaxed（放松的），故填relaxed。【16题详解】考查不定式。句意：这个农场现在提供人们和山羊一起做瑜伽的机会。chance（机会）后面用不定式短语作后置定语，chancetodo表示“做某事的机会”，故填todo。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：动物真正地可以帮助人类处理压力、疾病或者是悲伤的情感。此处应该使用副词修饰动词help作状语，real（真的）是形容词，它的副词是really，故填really。【答案】18.who/that19.stops20.and【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是友善的力量，发挥善意的力量为每个人服务。【18题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但是，要体验你真诚的善意的全部力量，请将善意提供给对你粗心和无礼的人。people是定语从句的先行词，此处应该填入关系代词代替people在从句中作主语，故填who或that。【19题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：做一个坚强，阻止粗鲁的人。根据第一个who引导的定语从句，可知第二个定语从句中的时态为一般现在时，并且who指代先行词theone在从句中作主语，谓语动词应为单数，故填stops。【20题详解】考查连词。句意：用善良和宽恕的力量为你服务。kindness（善良）和forgiveness（原谅）是并列的两个名词，故填and。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，文章介绍了六个不同类型的网站。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据TeenPress网站的介绍“Thisisoneofthebestsitesonthewebforteenagerswholovewriting.”可知，该网站是面对喜欢写作的青少年的。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Tune-in网站的介绍“Therearemillionsofsongsonthiswebsiteforyoutodownloadorlistentoonline.”可知，你可以在该网站上下载或在线收听歌曲。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据ScienceZone网站的介绍“Youcanvisitsomeoftheworld’smostfamousmuseums,orwatchwildlifeviawebcams.”可知，如果想参观一些世界上最著名的博物馆，可以浏览ScienceZone网站。故选D项。【24题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者向青少年介绍了六个网站的内容，所以作者写这篇文章是为了向青少年介绍网站。故选A项。【答案】25.D26.A27.A28.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AnurudhGanesan因为想要帮助孩子们都能获得疫苗，避免死亡，发明了Vaxxwagon，可以将疫苗运送到更远的地方。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Everyyear,1.5millionkidsaroundtheworlddieasaresultofnotgettingvaccines(疫苗).Thisispartlybecausetransporting(运送)andstoringmedicinescanbeahugechallengeinsomecountries.(每年，全世界有150万儿童因为没有接种疫苗而死亡。这在一定程度上是因为运输和储存药物在一些国家可能是一个巨大的挑战。)”和第二段“Butbythetimetheyarrived,thevaccineswerenolongerusablebecausetheyhadbeenoverheated.(但是当他们到达的时候，疫苗已经不能再使用了，因为它们已经过热了。)”可知，每年都有许多儿童因为得不到有效的疫苗而死亡。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThehighschoolstudentinventedVaxxwagon,aportable(轻便的)vaccine-carryingdevice(装置)thatproducesitsownpowertokeeplifesavingmedicinescoolasthey’redeliveredtoremoteareasaroundtheworld.(这名高中生发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置——Vaxxwagon。当救命的药物被送到世界各地的偏远地区时，这种装置可以自己产生能量，保持药物的低温。)”可知，Vaxxwagon的特殊之处在于它是一个带有冷却系统的装置，将救生药物运送到世界各地的偏远地区。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“AlthoughAnurudhreceivedthevaccineheneededintheend,hisexperienceasababyandthesadrealitythatsomanyotherchildrenaren’tasluckymotivated(激发)himtotakeaction.ThehighschoolstudentinventedVaxxwagon,aportable(轻便的)vaccine-carryingdevice(装置)thatproducesitsownpowertokeeplifesavingmedicinescoolasthey’redeliveredtoremoteareasaroundtheworld.(虽然Anurudh最终接受了他所需要的疫苗，但他在婴儿时期的经历，以及其他许多孩子都没有这么幸运的悲惨现实，促使他采取行动。这名高中生发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置——Vaxxwagon。当救命的药物被送到世界各地的偏远地区时，这种装置可以自己产生能量，保持药物的低温。)”根据倒数第二段“AnurudhsayshisfinalgoalistostartsellingVaxxwagontorelieforganizations,soitcanbeusedtohelppeoplearoundtheworld.”（阿努鲁德说，他的最终目标是开始向救援组织出售Vaxxwagon，这样它就可以用来帮助世界各地的人们。）可知，17岁的印度男孩Anurudh为拯救更多的人，发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置Vaxxwagon，这种装置可以自己产生能量，在将救生药物运送到世界各地的偏远地区时，使其保持凉爽。由此可知，Anurudh是一个关心他人并且有创造力的人。故选A。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“AlthoughAnurudhreceivedthevaccineheneededintheend,hisexperienceasababyandthesadrealitythatsomanyotherchildrenaren’tasluckymotivated(激发)himtotakeaction.(虽然Anurudh最终接受了他所需要的疫苗，但他在婴儿时期的经历，以及其他许多孩子都没有这么幸运的悲惨现实，促使他采取行动。)”以及他最终发明了Vaxxwagon这个装置可知，动机是成功之母。故选C。【答案】29.C30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何根据科学交朋友。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Howeverlargeournetworksmaybe,ourinnercircletendstobemuchsmaller.（无论我们的人际网络有多大，我们的核心圈子往往要小得多。）”可知，从第2段，我们可以知道人们的核心圈子变小了，故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Beyondthat,buildingdeeperfriendshipsmaybelargelyamatterofputtingintime.（除此之外，建立更深厚的友谊在很大程度上可能需要投入时间。）”可知，作者建议通过花时间和人建立更深厚的友谊来改善一个人的社交生活，故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是题目“HowtoMakeFriends,AccordingtoScience（如何根据科学交朋友）”和第三段的“Sowhatshouldyoudoifyoursociallifeislacking?Heretheresearchisinstructive.（那么，如果缺乏社交生活，你该怎么办？这里的研究很有启发性。）”可知，本文主要讲的是如何结交朋友，因此是关于关于如何发展友谊的建议，即Thetipsonhowtodevelopfriendship，故选A。【答案】32.B33.A34.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汽车会产生空气污染，和几个解决空气污染的方法。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Onewaytogetridofthepollutedairistobuildacarthatdoesnotpollute.(解决空气污染的一个办法是制造一辆不污染空气的汽车)”、文章第四段“Anotherwayistotaketheplaceofthecarenginebysomethingelse.(另一种方法是用别的东西代替汽车引擎)”以及文章第五段“Topreventtheworldfrombeingpollutedbycars,we’llhavetomakesomechangesinthewaymanyofuslive.(为了防止世界被汽车污染，我们必须在许多人的生活方式上做出一些改变)”可知，文章提到了“设计一辆新车”、“用其他东西代替汽车发动机”以及“改变我们许多人的生活方式”这三种摆脱空气污染的方法。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Alargenumberofworkersmayfindthemselveswithoutjobsifacarfactoryclosesdown.(如果汽车厂倒闭，大量工人可能会失业)”可知，如果汽车的数量减少，对美国工人来说最严重的问题就是没有工作可做。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Althoughcarshaveledustoabetterlife,theyhavealsobroughtusnewproblems.(尽管汽车让我们的生活更美好，但它们也给我们带来了新的问题)”可知，作者得出的结论是汽车不仅给我们带来了更好的生活，也带来了严重的问题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）【答案】35.C36.D37.F38.A39.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是到底多少岁算老，其实这和心态有关。【35题详解】空格前的“Howoldis“old”?（“老”是多少岁？）”是一个问题，因此空格处给出回答，C选项“Theanswerhaschangedovertheyears.（多年来，答案一直在变化。）”中的“Theanswer”和前面的问题相承接，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。【36题详解】空格前说““Youareasoldoryoungasyoufeel!”Thecalendar(日历)simplytellsyouhowmanyyearsyouhavelived.（“你觉得自己年轻还是老，你就有多年轻!”日历只是告诉你你活了多少年。）”，接下来应说到自己是年轻还是老是由除了日历以外的东西来告诉你的，D选项“Yourbodytellsyouhowwellyou’velived.（你的身体告诉你你过得有多好。）”说明了身体状况会告诉你你是年轻还是老，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】空格前说“Nobodygrowsoldbylivinganumberofyears.（没有人会因为活了几年而变老。）”，F选项“Peoplegrowoldbygivinguptheirgoals.（人因放弃目标而变老。）”在句式上和前面一致，形成句式上的重复，且在语义上和上文相互承接，因此F选项符合语境，故选F。【38题详解】空格后说“AliceBrophy,whenshewaswiththeNewYorkCitycommissionfortheAging,said,“Itupsetsme