阅读理解之说明文-冲刺2022年中考英语名校好题集锦（广东）（解析版）

2022届名校最新素材各地模拟试题好题集锦（广东专用）

04阅读理解之说明文

（2022•广东・深圳市高级中学二模）

ThreeChineseastronautsfromtheShenzhou-13mannedspaceshipreturnedtotheEarthafter

completingtheirsix-monthmission.Oneoftheirmajorgoalswastopreparethestationforfuturegroupsof

taikonauts（中国航天员）whowillcompletetheassemblyofthespacestation.

Thankstoanewquickreturnprocedurecarriedoutforthefirsttime,Shenzhou-13?sreturntriplasted

aboutninehoursratherthanthe24-hourtripforShenzhou-12,withthereturncapsuleonlycirclingthe

Earthfivetimesbeforeenteringitsfinalreturnorbitinsteadof11timesasinpastmissions.

TheShenzhou-13crewwasresponsiblefortakingoutsomeofthescienceinstrumentstobeusedfor

experimentsonthestation.Theyalsoperformedtwospacewalks,conductedmorethan20differentscience

experimentsinadditiontodeliveringtwoliveeducationallectures.

TaikonautWangYaping,whogavethefirstpublicclassfromtheTiangong-1spacestation,gavetwo

suchclassesonthistriptoTiangong-2,whichwereviewedbymillionsofschoolchildreninChina.

Inaddition,thetaikonautsweresentquestionsfrom20schoolsin13U.S.statesbyAmericanschool

children.Thepre-recordedquestionsandresponsesweresharedwithstudents,parentsandteachersata

“MyQuestionstoTaikonauts^^eventonApril9sponsoredbytheChineseEmbassyinWashington,D.C.

Thiswasthefirstsix-monthmission,whichwillgivethoseonthegroundtheopportunitytostudythe

effectsofthelongerdurationmissiononthetaikonauts,especiallyontheageingprocess.Thesix-month

staywillbecommonforastronautsinthefuture.

VisitingtheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenteronApril15,ChinesePresidentXiJinpingsaidthatthe

facilityservesChina'snew-generation,heavy-liftcarrier（运载）rocketsandplaysasignificantroleinthe

country'sdeep-spaceexploration.TheChinesePresidentcalledfbreffortstoachieve"world-leading

standards"fbrChina'sspacecraftlaunchfacilities.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assembly“probablymean?

A.Building.B.Discovery.C.Invention.D.Imagination.

2.WhatistheimprovementofShenzhou-135sreturntripbeforeenteringitsfinalreturnorbit?

A.ItlastedaboutninehourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEartheleventimes

B.Itlastedabout24hourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEartheleventimes.

C.ItlastedaboutninehourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEarthfivetimes.

D.Itlastedabout24hourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEarthfivetimes.

3.Shenzhou-13astronautsdidthefollowingexcept.

A.deliveredtwoliveeducationallectures

B.studiedtheeffectsofageingprocess

C.answeredquestionsfromAmericanchildren

D.conductedmanydifferentscienceexperiments

4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.TheChinesePresidentXiJinpingvisitedTaiyuanSpaceLaunchCenter.

B.China'sspacecraftlaunchfacilitieshavebecome"world-leadingstandard”.

C.Thesix-monthstaywillbecommonforastronautsinthefuture.

D.Thefacilityisimportantforthecountry'sdeep-spaceexploration.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.TheOnlineLecturesinShenzhou-13B.TheReturnofShenzhou-13totheEarth

C・TheLivesofShenzhou-13AstronautsinSpaceD.TheWorld-leadingSpacecraft:Shenzhou-13

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.B

【解析】本文主要介绍了神舟13号宇宙飞船顺利返回地球，介绍了这次它的任务以及所取得的成就。

1.词义猜测题。根据“Oneoftheirmajorgoalswastopreparethestationfbrfuturegroupsoftaikonauts

（中国航天员）whowillcompletetheassemblyofthespacestation”可知，其中一个主要任务是为未来

儿组航天员完成空间站的组装建造做好准备，所以assembly与building同义，故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据“Shenzhou-13'sreturntriplastedaboutninehoursratherthanthe24-hourtripfor

Shenzhou-12,withthereturncapsuleonlycirclingtheEarthfivetimesbeforeenteringitsfinalreturnorbit

insteadof11timesasinpastmissions”可知，这次的神舟13号返回舱绕地球5圈，历时约9个小时，

故选Co

3.细节理解题。根据“conductedmorethan20differentscienceexperimentsinadditiontodeliveringtwo

liveeducationallectures”以及"thetaikonautsweresentquestionsfrom20schoolsin13U.S.statesby

Americanschoolchildren”可知，神舟-13号并没有研究老化过程的影响，故选B。

4.推理判断题。根据"thefacilityservesChina'snew-generation,heavy-liftcarrier（运载）rocketsandplays

asignificantroleinthecountry'sdeep-spaceexploration”可知，该设施对中国的深空探测很重要，故选

Do

5.最佳标题。本文围绕“神舟13号顺利返回地球”为线索,介绍了它的意义，所以B选项“神舟十三

号返回地球”符合本文标题，故选瓦

（2022・广东・深圳市高级中学二模）

Aseaturtleswimsthroughthewaterandspotsawhiteobjectfloatingnearthesurface.€tYum!^^it

thinks.ctAjellyfish!^^Chasingafteritsdinner,theturtleswallowstheitem.Butthefloatingobjectisn'ta

jellyfish—it'saplasticbagthatcouldmaketheseaturtlesick.Thisseacreatureisn'talone:Over700

speciesofmarineanimalshavebeenreportedtohaveeatenorbeentrappedinplastic.Scientiststhinkthat

theamountofplasticintheoceanmighttriple（三倍）by2050.Butbyunderstandingtheissueandtaking

action,youcanhelpstopthatfromhappening.

WHAT，STHEPROBLEMWITHPLASTIC?

First,let'sgetreal:Notallplasticisbad.Bikehelmets,carairbags,andmanymedicalsuppliesmade

withplasticsavelives.Plasticwaterbottlescanbringcleandrinkingwatertopeoplewhodon'thaveit,and

plasticstrawscanhelppeoplewithdisabilitiesdrink.Theproblemisthatmostofususeandthenthrow

awaymoreplasticthanweneed:thingslikegrocerybags,drinkbottles,straws,foodwrappers,andplastic

packagingaroundtoys.Thiskindofplasticthat'susedonlyoncebeforebeingthrownawayiscalled

single-useplastic,anditmakesupmorethan40percentofallplastictrash.

WHEREDOESTHEPLASTICGO?

Thereisalotoftrash.Scientiststhinkthat8.8milliontonsofplasticwindsupintheoceaneveryyear.

Howdoesitgetintothesea?Plasticleftonthegroundaslitteroftenblowsintocreeksandrivers,

eventuallyendingupintheocean.Andbecauseplastictrashisdifferentfromothertypesofwaste一it

doesn'tdecomposeC分解）backintonaturelikeanapplecoreorabananapeel—itstaysintheoceanforever.

Thatmeansfishingnetsthrownintotheseacantrapanimalsandharmfulstrawscanbemistakenasfood.

WHATCANWEDOABOUTIT?

YoucandosomuchtohelpkeepEarthclean!Youcanlookathowmuchsingle-useplasticyour

familyusesbyfillingoutaplasticjournalforaweek-thentalkingaboutwhatyoucandotouseless.By

workingtogether,ourchoicescanhelpsaveanimalsandtheoceantheylivein.

6.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph1?

A.Theseaturtlehaseatenajellyfishasitsdinner.B.Seacreatureslikeeatingthefloatingobject.

C.Theseaturtleisnotalonetoeatthejellyfish.D.Moreandmoreplasticwillappearinthesea.

7.WhatistheproblemofplasticaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Plasticcansavepeople'slives.B.Plasticcanbeusedonlyonce.

C.Plasticcanhelpthedisabledtodrink.D.Plasticcanproducealotofrubbish.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordreferto?

A.Plastictrash.B.Abananapeel.C.Fishingnet.D.Anapplecore.

9.What'stheauthor'swritingpurposeaccordingtothepassage?

A.Totellusaplasticbagthatcouldmaketheseaturtlesick.

B.Tocallforouractionagainstplasticpollution.

C.Toshowafactthatnotallplasticisbad.

D.TohelpsaveanimalsandkeeptheEarthclean.

10.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.HowtoUsePlasticB.AStoryofASeaTurtle

C.PlasticPollutionD.PlasticSavesLives

【答案】

6.D

7.D

8.A

9.B

10.C

【解析】本文主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋生物的危害以及我们可以做什么阻止塑料污染。

6.细节理解题。根据"Scientiststhinkthattheamountofplasticintheoceanmighttriple（三倍）by2050”

可知塑料污染在未来会越来越严重。故选D。

7.细节理解题。根据"Theproblemisthatmostofususeandthenthrowawaymoreplasticthanweneed:

thingslikegrocerybags.「可知虽然塑料有很多用处，但是问题是很多人用完塑料之后就扔了，就会

造成很多垃圾。故选D。

8.推理判断题。根据“Andbecauseplastictrashisdifferentfromothertypesofwaste—itdoesn't

decompose（分解）backintonaturelikeanapplecoreorabananapeel-itstaysintheoceanfbrever.“可

知塑料垃圾不能分解，所以它会永远留在海洋中，故此处在指代“塑料垃圾故选A。

9.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋生物的危害，号召我们采取行动来阻止塑料污染。

故选B“

10.最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋生物的危害以及我们可以做什么阻止塑料污染，

故以选项C“塑料污染”为标题更合适。故选C。

（2022•广东汕头•一模）

DuringtheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,thepanda-themedmascot（吉祥物），BingDwenDwen,

becomesasuperstar.Peopleofallagesandfromdifferentcountriesloveit.Butdoyouknowsincewhena

mascothasbecomeanimportantpartintheOlympicgames?

ThefirstmascotintheOlympicsgameswasacartooncharacteratthe1968GrenobleWinter

Olympics,althoughitwasnotanofficialmascot.Thischaracterwasdesigned（设计）byFrenchmanAline

Lafargue.ThenameofthemascotwasSchuss.ItwasdesignedonlyoverasinglenightbeforetheOlympic

Gameswereabouttostart.Thecharacterwaslikealittlemanonaski（滑雪）boardpaintedinthecolorsof

France:blue,red,andwhite.

However,thefirstofficialmascotwasmadepublicinthe1972MunichOlympics.Itwasdesignedby

ElenaWinschermann.ItwascalledWalditheDachshund（WeinerDog）.Waldi'sideafirsttookshapethree

yearsbeforethegamesataChristmaspartywherethedesignersweregivencolorpensandwereaskedto

doodleanythingthattheythinkcanrepresent（代表）thegamesandthecountryaswell.

Thesuccessofthesefirstmascotshelpedthemascotsbecomeanofficialsymbolofthegamesand

theybecamenecessaryforeveryeditionwhichtookplacefrom1980.Themascotsaredesignedtoshow

theexcitementaroundthecountryandarefilledwithbrightcolorstogiveitalookofafestival.

11.WhyisBingDwenDwenmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Toshowitsbeauty.B.Toprovetheimportanceofmascots.

C.Toleadinthetopicofthepassage.D.TotellsomethingaboutWinterOlympics.

12.Whatdoesthefirstmascotlooklike?

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“doodle“meaninParagraph3?

A.tobuildB.todrawC.tochangeD.tocover

14.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthefirstofficialmascotoftheOlympicGames?

A.Itwasdesignedoveronenight.B.ItwasdesignedataChristmasparty.

C.Itwasapanda-themedmascot.D.Itscolorwasblue,redandwhite.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.SomedesignersofOlympicsmascots.B.ThehistoryofOlympicsmascots.

C.HowtodesignanOlympicsmascot.D.WhyOlympicsmascotsareimportant.

【答案】

11.C

12.A

13.B

14.B

15.B

【解析】本文介绍了奥运会吉祥物的发明历史。

11.推理判断题。根据"ButdoyouknowsincewhenamascothasbecomeanimportantpartintheOlympic

games?”及后面介绍奥运会吉祥物的发明历史可知，第一段提到冰墩墩是为了引出文章的主题。故选

Co

12.细节理解题。根据第二段“Thecharacterwaslikealittlemanonaski（滑雪）boardpaintedinthe

colorsofFrance:blue,red,andwhite.“可知，第一个吉祥物就像一个站在滑雪板上的小人，涂上了法国

的蓝、红、白三种颜色。故选A。

13.词义猜测题。根据“…wherethedesignersweregivencolorpensandwereaskedtodoodleanything

thattheythinkcanrepresent（代表）thegamesandthecountryaswell.”可知，当时设计师们拿到了彩笔，

并被要求在他们认为可以代表奥运会和国家的任何东西上涂鸦。设计师们拿彩笔，所以应该是用彩

笔画画。故选B。

14.推理判断题。根据"Waldi'sideafirsttookshapethreeyearsbeforethegamesataChristmasparty

where...”可知，瓦尔迪对于奥运会第一个官方吉祥物的想法最初是在奥运会开幕三年前的一次圣诞派

对上形成的，选项B表述正确。故选B。

15.主旨大意题。根据“ButdoyouknowsincewhenamascothasbecomeanimportantpartintheOlympic

games?”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了奥运会吉祥物的发明历史。故选B。

（2022・广东汕头•一模）

Arecord1,101manateesdiedinFloridalastyear,manyfromhunger.SolastDecember,government

wildlifeexpertscameupwithaplantogivefoodtothemanatees.Theydecidedtofeedthemgreen

vegetableslikelettuceandcabbage.RonMezich,anexpert,said,“We'remakingadifference."Sofar,they

haveservedupmorethan193,000poundsoflettucetohungrymanatees.Butastheweatherisgetting

warm,theprogramisexpectedtoendsoon.

Manateesarehugeseaanimalsthatonlyeatseagrassandotherplantsthatliveinthesea.That'sone

reasonwhythey5resometimescalled“seacows”.Since1967,Florida'smanateeshavebeenontheUS

government'slistofendangeredanimals.Mostdangerstomanateescomefromhumans.Oneofthebiggest

problemsfacingtheanimalsareboats.Manateesarecurious（好奇的）andfairlyslow.Thathasledto

thousandsofmanateesbeinghitorkilledbyboats.Atonepoint,therewereonlyabout2,000manateesleft

inFlorida.Withprotection,thenumberincreased.In2016,thereweremorethan6,000manatees.

However,asseagrassbegantodisappear,thenumberofmanateeskeepsgoingdownagain.Warming

seaswithpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae（藻）ontheocean'ssurface.Thealgaeblocks

thesunlightthatallowstheseagrasstogrow.InIndianRiverLagoon,wheremanateesoftengointhe

winter,about90%oftheseagrassbedstherehavediedoff.Longterm,Floridawillworktohelprestore

（恢复）seagrassbeds.Butthatwilltaketime.Scientistsstillworrythathundredsmoremanateescould

starvethiswinter.

16.Whyaremanateessometimescalled“seacows”？

A.Theyareasbigascows.B.Theycanswimlikecows.

C.Theyhavetailslikecows.D.Theyfeedonplantslikecows.

17.Howhasthenumberofmanateeschangedoveryears?

1967

18.Whichshowsthecorrectorderofthecausesofmanatees5death?

A.seapollution—>growthofalgae—>deathofseegrass—deathofmanatees

B.growthofalgae一seapollution—deathofseegrass一deathofmanatees

C.seapollution—>deathofseegrass—*growthofalgae—deathofmanatees

D.growthofalgae—deathofseegrass—seapollution—deathofmanatees

19.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“starve"?

A.tobehitbyboatsB.toeatupseagrass

C.todiefromhungerD.toloseswimmingability

20.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ManateesFeedingProgramB.MoneyGiventoSaveManatees

C.SeaGrassBedRestoredforManateesD.ReasonsforManatees,DeathStillUnclear

【答案】

16.D

17.B

18.A

19.C

20.A

【解析】本文主要介绍了海牛所面临的问题以及政府的保护措施。

16.细节理解题o根据“Manateesarehugeseaanimalsthatonlyeatseagrassandotherplantsthatlivein

thesea.Thafsonereasonwhythey'resometimescalled“seacows'"'可知，因为它们像牛一样以植物为

食，故选D。

17.细节理解题。根据“Since1967,Florida'smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment'slistof

endangeredanimals,,44Withprotection,thenumberincreased.In2016,thereweremorethan6,000

manatees”可知，1967年海牛的数量是比较低的，在政府的保护下，2016年数量有所增长，结合

"However,asseagrassbegantodisappear,thenumberofmanateeskeepsgoingdownagain”可知，现在乂

因为海草的问题，海牛的数量又下降了，B选项符合，故选B。

18.细节理解题。根据“Wanningseaswithpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae（藻）onthe

ocean'ssurface”可知，海水的污染造成了海藻的生长，所以先是seapollution,再是growthofalgae,

A选项符合，故选A。

19.词义猜测题。根据“Scientistsstillworrythathundredsmoremanateescouldstarvethiswinter”及前文

描述可知，海草因为污染导致数量减少，而以海草为生的海牛可能会因为挨饿而死亡，所以starve

与todiefromhunger同义，故选Co

20.最佳标题题。本文通过描述海牛所面临的问题，来介绍政府为此想出的拯救计划，所以最合适

本文的标题是"ManateesFeedingProgram”，故选A。

（2022・广东・东莞外国语学校一模）

Orderingtakeoutsisverypopularnowadaysbecauseitisconvenient.Morethan60percentofthe

peopleinChinaordertakeoutfoodatleasttwiceaweek.Ifpeopledon'twanttoeatout,theycanjustorder

takeoutsonthesmartphoneandwaitforittobedelivered（送达）.

Whataboutpeoplelivinginancienttimes?Didtheyeattakeouts?

Infact,therewastakeoutasfarbackastheSongDynasty.Accordingtohistorybooks,Emperor

Xiaozong（1127-1194）likedtoordertakeoutslateatnight.Hisservantsthenwentaroundthecitytopick

upthedishesandbringthembacktothepalace.

Ordinary（普通的）peoplealsoorderedtakeouts.Restaurantwaiterswouldgooutintothestreetsand

yelloutwhichdishescouldbeorderedthatday.Afterhearingthewaiters,peoplecouldthenplaceanorder.

Later,deliveryworkerswouldbringfoodtotheirhomes.InthefamousSongDynastypaintingAlongthe

RiverDuringtheQingming（《:青9］上:可图》），atakeoutworkercanbeseenonadeliverywithfood

inhand.

Peopleatthattimeevenhadaspecialmealboxfortakeoutdishes.Itwasalongwoodenboxwith

severallayers.Peoplealsousedwarmingplatesmadeoftwolayersofporcelain（瓷）.Hotwatercouldbe

putbetweenthemtokeepdisheswarm.

21.TheunderlinedwordinPara1probablyrefersto（指的是）.

A.eatingoutB.thesmartphoneC.takeoutD.aphonecall

22.Accordingtothepassage,takeouthasalonghistoryofaboutyearsinChina.

A.900B.1,100C.1,000D.2,000

23.Theunderlinedword"yeH"probablymeans.

A.throwB.findC.giveD.shout

24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Manypeopleliketoordertakeoutsnowadays.

B.OnlytheEmperorcouldordertakeoutsinancienttimes.

C.PeoplecanseeatakeoutworkerinAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival.

D.PeopleusedspecialwoodenboxesfortakeoutdishesinancientChina.

25.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.TakeoutinAncientChinaB.Theemperorwholikedtakeouts

C.ThepopularityoftakeoutinmodemChinaD.ThewaytoordertakeoutsinancientChina

【答案】

21.C

22.A

23.D

24.B

25.A

【解析】本文主要介绍了中国古代的外卖。

21.词句猜测题。根据"Ifpeopledon'twanttoeatout,theycanjustordertakeoutsonthesmartphoneand

waitforittobedelivered（送达）可知，如果人们不想出去吃饭，他们可以通过智能手机订购外卖，

然后等待外卖送达。it指代takeout“外卖”。故选C。

22.细节理解题。根据“Accordingtohistorybooks,EmperorXiaozong（1127-1194）likedtoordertakeouts

lateatnight.“可知,外卖在中国已有900多年的历史。故选A。

23.词句猜测题。根据"Restaurantwaiterswouldgooutintothestreetsandyelloutwhichdishescouldbe

orderedthatday.Afterhearingthewaiters,peoplecouldthenplaceanorder.”可知，餐馆服务员会走上街

头，大声喊出当天可以点什么菜。在听到服务员的声音后，人们可以下订单。yell与shout同义，表

示“叫喊:故选D。

24.细节理解题。根据“Ordinary（普通的）peoplealsoorderedtakeouts.”可知，普通人也点外卖，B选

项表述错误。故选B。

25.最佳标题题。根据"Whataboutpeoplelivinginancienttimes?Didtheyeattakeouts?”及全文可知，

本文主要介绍了中国古代的外卖。故A选项“中国古代的外卖”符合题意。故选A。

（2022•广东河源•一模）

Itiscalculatedthatbytheyear2230,theentirepopulationoftheUSAwillbedangerouslyoverweight.

Nineyearsagoonlyoneineightwasobese（月巴胖）.NowadaysinfiveAmericansoneisobeseandthe

numbercontinuestorise.Oneoftheproblemsisthebigamountsofwhattheyeat.Thedrinkandfood

portions（分量）aresolargeinAmericathatanewvocabularyhasappearedonthemenustofittheportions.

Foodsizesnolongerstopatlarge,butrunthroughjumbo,supreme,monsterandsupersize.

Everybodyisnotonlyeatingmore,butalsoconsumingmoreandmorejunkfood.Andeverybody

knowswhatfoodlikethiscandototheirweightandhealth.Americanseatabout20teaspoonsofsugara

day,twicethesuggestedsafeamountand25percentmorethan10yearsago.

Besides,mostoftheAmericanssitatadeskallday,gopastadrive-throughrestaurant,headhome,

openthegaragedoorandheadfbrthearmchair,televisionwithvoicecontrolandmobilephonerestingon

thearms.Everythingiselectric,andeverythinghasbeenmotorizedorelectrified.

ThegrowthofobesityamongchildrenisalsoworryingAmericanhealthexperts.Childrenare

spendinglonghourssitting,watchingTV,surfingtheInternetorplayingcomputergames.Asaresult,12

percentofteenagersareoverweight.

TheCenterforDiseaseControlhasalreadywarnedthenationaboutanepidemic（泛滥）ofobesity,but

itishardforpeopletogiveuptheireatinghabitseveniftheyknowaboutthehealthriskstheyrun.

26.ThenumbersmentionedinParagraph1is.

A.towarnAmericansaboutthedangerofobesity

B.toshowtheimprovementoflivingstandardsinAmerica

C.toshowthesharpincreaseinobesepopulationoftheUSA

D.tocomparethegrowthofobesitybetweenAmericaandChina

27.Theunderlinedword"consuming”means”

A.eatingB.sellingC.throwingD.preparing

28.Whatcanyouindicate（推断）fromParagraph4?

A.SomeofthechildreninAmericadon'thavehealthyhabits.

B.MostoftheAmericansaretoolazytodothingsthemselves.

C.Americansarebecominglazybecauseeverythingismotorizedorelectrified.

D.Only12percentofteenagersareoverweightsothere'snothingtoworryabout.

29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Anewvocabularyhasappearedonthemenustofitthelargerportion.

B.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyhasfreedpeople'shands.

C.Americansgotodrive-throughrestaurantsbecausetheydon'thavetimetomakedinner.

D.Peopleknowwhattheireatinghabitswilldolotheirhealthbuttheycan'tgivethemup.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThegrowthofobesityamongAmericansB.Unhealthyeatinghabits

C.Morefood,moreobesityD.Healthrisksofobesity

【答案】

26.C

27.A

28.A

29.C

30.A

【解析】本文介绍了美国人过于肥胖的现状，并介绍了原因。

26.推理判断题°根据“Itiscalculatedthatbytheyear2230,theentirepopulationoftheUSAwillbe

dangerouslyoverweight.Nineyearsagoonlyoneineightwasobese（月匕胖）.NowadaysinfiveAmericans

oneisobeseandthenumbercontinuestorise.”可知第一段主要介绍了美国肥胖人口的增长。故选C。

27.词义推断题。根据"Everybodyisnotonlyeatingmore,butalsoconsumingmoreandmorejunkfbod.^^

可知美国人不止多吃了，而且也吃更多的垃圾食品。故选A。

28.推理判断题。根据"Childrenarespendinglonghourssitting,watchingTV,surfingtheInternetor

playingcomputergames”可知一些美国孩子长时间坐着，看电视，上网或者打游戏，这些是造成肥胖

的坏习惯。故选A。

29.推理判断题°根据“Everythingiselectric,andeverythinghasbeenmotorizedorelectrified.”可知很

多东西都是电动和自动的，所以很多事都不用自己做，但是并没有介绍他们去免下车餐馆是因为没

时间做饭。故选C。

30.最佳标题。根据“Itiscalculatedthatbytheyear2230,theentirepopulationoftheUSAwillbe

dangerouslyoverweight.”可知本文主要介绍了美国肥胖人口的上升，因此A选项符合。故选A。

（2022,广东・深圳市高级中学二模）

WhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass,amonitorafewhundred

milesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.

UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifer'sLosAngelesapartment,themonitorinPhoenixtracked

howfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossible

helperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked-remotely-topreventInternetsearches,andhertyping

stylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas:Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthe

samespeedasshehadinthepast?Orwassheslowingdown?

Inthebattleagainstcheating,thisisthecuttingedgeandakeytoencouragehonestyinthebooming

fieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem,totheinstitutionandtoonline

educationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheating,expertssay,canInternetuniversitiesshow

thattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalid-thatstudentshaven'tjustsearchedtheInternettogettheright

answers.

Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade,theconcernovercheatinghasbecome

sharperinthelastyearwiththegrowthof“openonlinecourses.^^Privatecolleges,publicuniversitiesand

corporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield,spendingmillionsofdollarstoattractpotential

students,whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.Asidefromthewebcameras,a

numberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amongthemareprogramsthat

checkstudents'identitiesusingpersonalinformation,suchasthetelephonenumbertheyonceused.

Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexambydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanrecognize

possiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionareansweredatthesamespeedaseasyones.

Asinmanyuniversityclasses,termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating.

31.WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam?

A.Tocorrecthertypingmistakes.B.Tofindhersecretsintheroom.

C.Topreventherfromslowingdown.D.Tokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.

32.TheunderlinedexpressioncullingedgeinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto.

A.advancedtechniqueB.shaq)eningtoolC.effectiveruleD.dividingline

33.ForInternetuniversities,examsanddiplomaswillbevalidif.

A.theycanattractpotentialstudentsB.theycandefeatacademiccheating

C.theyofferstudentsonlinehelpD.theyoffermanyonlinecourses

34.Someprogramscanfindoutpossiblecheatersby.

A.checkingthequestionansweringspeedB.producingalargenumberofquestion

C.scanningtheInternettestquestionD.givingdifficulttestquestion

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.TheAdvantagesofOnlineExams

B.TheHigh-techMethodsinOnlineCourses

C.TheFightagainstCheatinginOnlineEducation

D.TheWaragainsttheBoomingofOnlineEducation

【答案】

31.D

32.A

33.B

34.A

35.C

【解析】本文主要讲述了当今网络课程的流行，如何去处理网络课程中的作弊问题，网络教育文凭

的可信度与考试防作弊程序的有效性密切相关，核实考生个人信息的程序以及监控分析考生答题速

度的程序都可以遏制网络考试中出现的作弊现象。

31.推理判断题。根据"hertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas:Didshe

enterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast”可知监控Jennifer原因是为了确保她不

作弊，故选D。

32.词义猜测题。cuttingedge与key是并列关系，同时二者都可以做到鼓励诚实行为，前面this所

代指的为上文中提到的防作弊科学技术，由此可知cuttingedge应该为adva