2020-2021学年河南省名校联盟高一上期期中考试英语试题

河南名校联盟学年高一（上）期中考试英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWithgraduationaroundthecorner,you’llprobablystarttoreceivegifts.Whethergraduatingfromhighschoolorcollege,you’llneedtosendthank-youcardstoeveryonewhosendsagift.Theyprobablywon’texpectit,butaspecialcardfromyouwouldbelikelytomaketheirday.WhentoWriteaGraduationThank-YouCardIt’sbesttowriteathank-youcardassoonaspossibleafterreceivingagraduationgift.Ifpossible,doitwithinacoupleofdays.Althoughit’sstillpropertowaituptoamonthaftergraduation,thelongeryouwait,themoredifficultitwillbe.WhyWriteaThank-YouCardWheneversomeonetakesthetimetoselectapresentordosomethingspecialforyou,thankingthatpersonistherightthingtodo,evenifyoudon’tlikethegift.Theleastyoucandoisletthemknowyouappreciatetheirthoughtfulness.KeepTrackofAllGiftsAseachgiftarrives,writedownwhattheitemisandwhohassentittoyou.Thisisnecessarybecauseyou’Ilneedtobespecificinthethank-younote.Thank-YouMessagetotheFamilyRemembertothankthepeoplewhosupportedyouthemostasyoufirststeppedfootinaclassroom,stoodbyyouthroughoutyoureducatioyou.Note:Yourdedallofyourachievements.Themessagetoyourfamilyshouldbeheartfeltthanksforalwaysbeingthereforyou.Note:Yourthank-youmessagetoeveryoneoutsideyourimmediatefamilydoesn’tneedtobesolongordetailed(详细的).Alwaysstartbyshowingyourgratitude,thenmentionthegift,andexpresshowyouplantouseit.1.Whatwillhappenwithgraduationapproaching?A.Thank-youcardsplaytheroleofcelebration.B.Anexcellentstudentwillsurelyreceivemoregifts.C.Usuallyfewpeoplewillreceivegiftsfromothers.D.Thank-youcardscanhelpmakegift-givershappy.2.Whatdoestheauthoradviseinthesecondparagraph?A.Themomentyougetagift,yousendathank-younote.B.Itisquitedifficulttowriteagoodthank-younote.C.Itisbettertosendathank-younoteasearlyaspossible.D.Youmustrockyourbrainstocompleteathank-younote.3.Whatcanyoudowhenwritingyourthank-youmessagetoyourparents?A.Youcanexpressyourgratitudeinbrief.B.Youcanmentionwhattheyhavedoneforyou.C.Youcantellyourparentswhatyouaretodo.D.Youcanmakeapologiesforyourmistakes.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章给高中毕业生和大学毕业生提供了建议：在毕业来临之际，需要给那些送你毕业礼物的人写张感谢卡片，使他们也感觉开心快乐。文章从什么时候写感谢卡、为什么要写感谢卡、做好礼物记录、给家人的感谢这四方面提出了具体的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whethergraduatingfromhighschoolorcollege,you’llneedtosendthank-youcardstoeveryonewhosendsagift.Theyprobablywon’texpectit,butaspecialcardfromyouwouldbelikelytomaketheirday.”无论是高中毕业生还是大学毕业生，你都需要给每个送礼物的人寄感谢卡。他们可能不会期待，但一张特别的卡片可能会让他们快乐一整天。由此可知，随着毕业的临近，感谢卡能让送礼物者感到快乐。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It’sbesttowriteathank-youcardassoonaspossibleafterreceivingagraduationgift.”可知，收到毕业礼物后，你最好能尽快写一张感谢卡片给对方。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Remembertothankthepeoplewhosupportedyouthemostasyoufirststeppedfootinaclassroom,stoodbyyouthroughoutyoureducation,andapplaudedallofyourachievements.Themessagetoyourfamilyshouldbeheartfeltthanksforalwaysbeingthereforyou”可知，记得要感谢那些在你第一次踏进教室时给予你最大支持的人，那些在你整个求学过程中一直支持你的人，那些为你取得的所有成就鼓掌的人。你写给家人的卡片消息内容应当是至诚的感谢，因为家人一直在支持你。所以当你给父母写感谢信时，你可以提到他们为你做了什么。故选B项。BMygrandmotheris87yearsold.Shelovesgardening,andshehasgotahabitofnotsittingstillasshelovestodosomeworkallthetime.Once,whileworkinginthegarden,sheslippedandherthigh(大腿)bonewasbroken.MyfatherandItookhertothehospital.Afterexaminingherthedoctorsaidthatthebonewasbrokenfromthejointandthattherewasnochancethatshewouldeverwalk,evenafteranoperation.Thatwasverysadforallofus.Ilookedatmygrandmother.ShewasalsolookingatmeasifIcoulddosomethingtotreather.Shegotoperatedonthenextdayandametallicrod(杆)wasfixedinthejoint.Theoperationwassuccessful.Forthenextmonth,shedideverythingonlyinthebed.Allofustriedourbesttotakecareofher.Irememberthosenightswhenshefeltmuchpain.Onceshesaid,“Idon'twanttoliveanymore,nothingisleftnow.Iamgivingallofyoupainandgrief.”Isaid,“Youhavegotabrokenbonebutalltheotherpartsofyourbodyarefunctioningproperly.Ifyoucansit,thatwouldbeexcellentforus.”Idon'tknowexactlywhathappenedtoheraftershelistenedtomywords.Butfromthatdayon,shestoppedcomplainingcompletely.Instead,shewouldsay"IamalrightandIwillstartwalkingsoontowatermyplants."Aftertwoandahalfmonthswewenttothedoctorwhohadoperatedmygrandmother.Ienteredhisofficewithmygrandmotherandyouguessedwhat!Mygrandmotherwalkedinwithoutanyhelp.ThedoctorwasshockedwhenwatchingherwalkinglMygrandmotherblessedhimandgavehimsincerethanks.Shesaid,“Ifyouhadnotbeenthere,Icouldnothaveeverwalked.”4.Whatdidthedoctor'swordsmeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Grandmotherwasalmostimpossibletorecover.B.Hewasafraidofgrandmother'shealth.C.Grandmotherwassooldthatshewasweak.D.Heneveroperatedonsuchelderlypeople.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutgrandmotherinthethirdparagraph?A.Shebecameconfidentthatshewouldrecover.B.Shesufferedsomuchpainthatshewashopelessatthattime.C.Shewassodeterminedtohidepainandgrief.D.Shewasworriedshewouldbestuckinbedforever.6.Whatisgrandmotherlikeaccordingtothepassage?A.Wise. B.Determined. C.Out-going. D.Considerate.7Whatwouldbethedoctor'sreplytograndmother'swords?A.Ihavesuccessfullydonelotsofoperationsinmycareer.B.YourrecoveryiswhatIhaveexpectedbefore.C.Youarethefirstoneover87torecover.D.Infactyouarethetrueinspirationforme.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了祖母在摔倒受伤后，被告知不可能再走路了，感到非常痛苦，后来作者和她聊天之后，她不再抱怨了，两个半月后，祖母可以走路了。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Afterexaminingher,thedoctorsaidthatthebonewasbrokenfromthejointandthattherewasnochancethatshewouldeverwalk,evenafteranoperation.”（在对她进行检查后，医生说她的骨头从关节处断了，即使手术后，她也不可能再走路了。）可知，医生的话意味着祖母几乎不可能康复。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Idon'twanttoliveanymore,nothingisleftnow.”（我不想再活下去了，现在什么都没有了。）可知，她遭受了如此多的痛苦，以至于在当时她是没有希望的。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“shestoppedcomplainingcompletely.Instead,shewouldsay"IamalrightandIwillstartwalkingsoontowatermyplants.”（她完全不再抱怨了。相反，她会说：“我很好，我很快就会开始走着给我的植物浇水。”）和第五段内容可知，在病魔面前，奶奶是个很坚强的人。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thedoctorwasshockedwhenwatchingherwalking!”（看她走路，医生感到很震惊。）可知，医生很惊讶奶奶能康复，据此排除A、B两项，文中没有提到其他老人，故排除C项。故选D。CWastesortingisaprocedurethatinvolvestheseparationofwasteonpurposeintodifferentkindsasdefinedbythefinaluseforthewaste.Thatistosaythisseparationofwasteisusuallyaimedatdifferentends,includingforrecyclingpurposes,orevenforproducingpower.Assuch,thewastesortingcouldfallintosortslikepaper-basedmaterials,plastic-basedmaterialsandorganicmaterials.Theprocesscouldalsobestartedbyhand.Indeed,somecompaniesthatmanagewastehavesomesortsofwastesortingfacilitiesinplaceforthisaim.Anexampleofthetypeofwastesortingthatcouldbeobservedattheindividuallevelisthecommontypeincitieswherevariouswastebinsaresetoutwithclearindicationsofthetypeofwastethatshouldbeputintothem.Someofthewastebinshavepicturesindicatingthatonlypapershouldbeputintothebins,somearemeantforcigarettebutts,othersforplastics,andtherestcouldbeforanyothertypeofwaste.Also,personsathomecouldbegintheprocessofwastesortingbydividingthewasteintovariouskindsbeforetakingitout.Somecompaniesandgovernmentorganizationsevenofferincentives,suchasofferingsomemoneytoconsumersinexchangeforthembringinginusedbottlesandplastics.Somecompanieshavespecificallycreatedfacilitiesthatareonlytargetedtowardthelarge-scaleapplicationofwastesortingforthepurposeofseparatingthevariouscollectedwasteinto.Oneofthepurposesfortheapplicationofwastesortingcouldbeforthesakeofseparatingmaterialsforrecycling,suchasplasticsandpaper.Itcouldalsobefortheseparationofthewasteintothegeneralcategoriesofwetanddrywaste.Theprocesscouldalsobeforthepurposeofsortingcommercialwaste.Withtheapplication,I'msureitisbecomingeasiertoseparatewaste.8.Whatcanweknowaboutwastesorting?A.Itisaimedatproducingpaper. B.Itsprocessisstartedbyhand.C.Itskindsaredecidedbythefinaluse. D.Itsaimistorecyclewastesuccessfully.9.Whatcanhelptheresidentssortwasteeasily?A.Educatingthemtoknowcommonknowledge.B.Layingoutmarkeddustbinsintheneighborhood.C.Warningthemnottodroprubbisheverywhere.D.Indicatingonlyrecycledwastecanbecollected.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentives"meaninthepassage?A.Methods. B.Suggestions. C.Rewards. D.Solutions.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheapplication?A.Doubtful. B.Worried. C.Indifferent. D.Positive.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是垃圾分类，垃圾分类可以分为纸质材料、塑料材料和有机材料。此外，还介绍了一些方便市民进行垃圾分类的举措。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wastesortingisaprocedurethatinvolvestheseparationofwasteonpurposeintodifferentkindsasdefinedbythefinaluseforthewaste.(垃圾分类是根据垃圾的最终用途，有意将垃圾进行分类的一种程序)”可知，垃圾分类的种类取决于最终的用途。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Anexampleofthetypeofwastesortingthatcouldbeobservedattheindividuallevelisthecommontypeincitieswherevariouswastebinsaresetoutwithclearindicationsofthetypeofwastethatshouldbeputintothem.Someofthewastebinshavepicturesindicatingthatonlypapershouldbeputintothebins,somearemeantforcigarettebutts,othersforplastics,andtherestcouldbeforanyothertypeofwaste.(在个人层面上可以观察到的垃圾分类的一个例子是，在城市中常见的一种分类是，在不同的垃圾箱上都有明确的指示，说明应放入其中的废物种类。有些垃圾桶上的图片标明只能放纸，有些是烟头，有些是塑料，剩下的可以放任何其他类型的垃圾)”可知，在附近放置有标记的垃圾箱可以帮助居民方便地将垃圾分类。故选B。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“suchasofferingsomemoneytoconsumersinexchangeforthembringinginusedbottlesandplastics”可知，比如给消费者一些钱，以换取他们带来旧瓶子和塑料，而用钱换可回收利用的垃圾是一种奖励措施，故画线词在句中表示“奖励”。A.Methods.方法；B.Suggestions建议；C.Rewards.奖励；D.Solutions.解决方案。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Withtheapplication,I'msureitisbecomingeasiertoseparatewaste.(有了这项应用，我确信垃圾分类会变得更容易)”可知，作者很看好这项应用，持积极态度。故选D。DNewresearchsuggeststhathumanbeingsmayhavebeenpartlyresponsibleforthedisappearanceofcavebearsthousandsofyearsago,whentheplant-lovinganimalslived.SomeexpertsbelievedthatthecoolingclimateduringtheEarth'sIceAgewastoblamefortheirextinction.Scientistsreportedlastweektheyhadstudiedgeneticdatafrom59cavebears.Theirboneswererecoveredfromsevencountries:France,Germany,Italy,Poland,Serbia,SpainandSwitzerland.Fromthegeneticinformation,thescientistsnotedadecreaseinthecavebearpopulationbeginningabout50,000yearsago.ThatisaroundthetimeofthearrivalofHomosapiens,ormodernhumans,inEasternEurope.Theresearcherssaidtheyobservedasharpdropinthebears'numbersabout40,000yearsago.ThatcoincideswiththespreadofHomosapiensthroughoutEurope.Theanimalsdisappearedabout20,000yearsago.ThecavebearlivedintheIceAgeatthesametimeasothernowextinctcreatures.Thebearwasasbigasamodernpolarbear,butateonlyplants.Itappearsofteninprehistoriccavepaintings.Therehasbeenascientificdebateaboutwhatledtotheextinctionofthecavebear.Somescientistsbelievethattheclimatechangegreatlyreducedtheplantstheyneeded,whileothershaveblamedhumanactivities,includinghuntingandtakingoverthecaveswherethebearsgavebirthandsleptduringwinter.Thebear'spopulationremainedlargelyunchangedforlongperiodsbeforeclimatecooling,includingduringtwonoticeablycoldperiodsandothercoolingevents.HomosapiensappearedinAfricamorethan300,000yearsagoandlatermovedtootherareas.ThestudyofferednewevidencethatthearrivalofHomosapiensledtoruinformanykindsofanimalsacrossEurasia,theAmericasandAustralia.12.Howdidscientistsresearchoncavebears?A.Bystudyingthebonesfoundinsomecountries. B.Byobservingthepaintingsonthecavewalls.C.Bybeingtoldfromgenerationtogeneration. D.Bymakingresearchonthepolarbears.13.Whendidthecavebeardieout?A.About50,000yearsago. B.About40,000yearsago.C.About20,000yearsago. D.Morethan300,000yearsago.14.Whatcanwelearnaccordingtothefourthparagraph?A.Suddenchangeofclimatemadecavebearsdieout.B.Cavebearscouldn'tadapttocoldenvironmentasquicklyaspossible.C.Thelossofcavebears'habitatscauseddamagetotheirexistence.D.Coldperiodswereverycommonthousandsofyearsago.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HumansPerhapsPartlytoBlameforCaveBears'DisappearanceB.HomoSapiensHuntingKindsofAnimalsacrossEurasiaC.ADebateoverWhyCaveBearsSuddenlyDisaIdD.ScientistsStudiedBonesDiscoveredinSevenCountries【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，人类可能对数千年前穴居熊的消失负有部分责任。文章介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及人们对这种动物消失的各种猜测，认为是早期人类大量捕杀洞熊或占领它们的生存之地，导致该物种的灭绝。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Scientistsreportedlastweektheyhadstudiedgeneticdatafrom59cavebears.Theirboneswererecoveredfromsevencountries:France,Germany,Italy,Poland,Serbia,SpainandSwitzerland.(科学家上周报告说，他们研究了59只洞熊的基因数据。它们的骨头来自七个国家：法国、德国、意大利、波兰、塞尔维亚、西班牙和瑞士)”可知，科学家们是通过七个国家洞熊的骨头来对其进行研究的，故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theanimalsdisappearedabout20,000yearsago.(这种动物大约在两万年前就消失了)”可知，洞熊于两万年前消失。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Somescientistsbelievethattheclimatechangegreatlyreducedtheplantstheyneeded,whileothershaveblamedhumanactivities,includinghuntingandtakingoverthecaveswherethebearsgavebirthandsleptduringwinter.(一些科学家认为，气候变化极大地减少了它们对植物的需求，而另一些科学家则将其归咎于人类活动，包括捕猎和占领熊在冬天分娩和睡觉的洞穴)”可知，早期人类大量捕杀洞熊或占领它们的生存之地，导致该物种的灭绝，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Newresearchsuggeststhathumanbeingsmayhavebeenpartlyresponsibleforthedisappearanceofcavebearsthousandsofyearsago,whentheplant-lovinganimalslived.(新的研究表明，人类可能对数千年前穴居熊的消失负有部分责任，数千年前这种热爱植物的动物还存活着)”结合文章介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及人们对这种动物消失的各种猜测，认为是早期人类大量捕杀洞熊或占领它们的生存之地，导致该物种的灭绝。A选项“人类可能要对洞穴熊的消失负部分责任”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。PoorStudyHabitstest.___isanart.Manystudentsdonotknowhowtodoitproperly,though.Itseemsasiftheyarealwaysbehindschedulewhenitcomestohandinginhomework,orpreparingforatest.___16___Besides,wealsoshowstudentshowtodealwiththeseproblems.____17____Theyputofftheirtasksuntilitisalmostimpossibletodowellonthem.Therearemanywaysyoucanuse,forexample,bettertimemanagement.However,fornodelay,personalinnermotivation(动力)ismoreimportantthanoutermotivation.tasks.____motivation,eachpersonstudiesbetterincertainplaces.Libraries,cafes,studyingroomsinschools,andmore,areoftenreferredtoasgoodplacestodevoteyourselftoyourtasks.____18____Inthisway,youcanseewhatworksbestforyourbrain.Youwillneverknowforsurewhereyoustudybestuntilyoutryoutmanydifferentlocations.Alongthesamelineswithatmosphere,youshouldknowhowtogetridofdistractions(分心tasks.___udying.Thereisnothingworsethansomethingbreakingyourflowwhenyouworkingonyourtasks.___19___Whenyoustudy,youneedtogetintoacertainmindstateandspacehelpfulforstudying.notes.____theabove,youshouldtakeneatnotes.____20____Also,youcanmemorizedatayourbrainneedstousefortests.Takinggoodnotesduringclasskeepsyoufocusedonthelearningprocessratherthanonyourfriend'sjokes,forinstance.Havinggoodattentionduringclasscanchangeyourgrade.A.Managingtimewellisofgreatimportance.B.Youcanpracticestudyinginvariousplaces.C.Thefollowingwilldiscussseveralbadstudyhabits.D.Infact,studentsneedtohavepeaceinsideandout.E.Withgreatnotes,youcanrecallinformationfromclass.F.Delayisperhapsthemostdangeroushabitstudentsdevelop.G.Studentsneedtolearntoavoiddistractionswhentheystudy.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.D20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何改变不好的学习习惯。【16题详解】后文的“dealwiththeseproblems”暗示了此处是问题，也就是坏习惯。文章要讨论这些不良习惯并且提供处理的方法。C项：Thefollowingwilldiscussseveralbadstudyhabits.（下面将讨论几个不良的学习习惯。）符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】后文的“Theyputofftheirtasks”中的“putoff”就是delay之意，与F项中的Delay相互提示。F项：Delayisperhapsthemostdangeroushabitstudentsdevelop.（拖延也许是学生养成的最危险的习惯。）符合语境。故选F。18题详解】后文的“Inthisway,youcanseewhatworksbestforyourbrain.”以及“neverknowforsurewhereyoustudybest”都是说不同的学习地方。B项：Youcanpracticestudyinginvariousplaces.（你可以在不同的地方练习学习。）符合语境。故选B。【19题详解】后文的“acertainmindstateandspace”这里建议学习时保持内心和外在都平静。D项：Infact,studentsneedtohavepeaceinsideandout.（事实上，学生需要从内到外都保持平静。）符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】前文的“youshouldtakeneatnotes”暗示了此处是建议记笔记。接下来要说记笔记的好处。E项：Withgreatnotes,youcanrecallinformationfromclass.（有了好的笔记，你就能回忆起课堂上的信息。）符合语境。故选E。第二部分语言知识运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thesummeraftermyfirstyearofcollege,Igotmyfirstjobasawaiterinarestaurant.Forme,itwasastepmovingfroma___21___childtoamoreindependentadult.Ihadnever___22___adayinmylifewhenIwasinhighschoolbecausemy____23____wantedmetofocusonstudy.Iprintedoutarecentlyupdatedresume(简历)Ifirst___24___inmysenioryearandfilledoutdozensofapplications.Isentapplications____25____togetmyback.____upleofchoices.Igotnocallsoremailsback.____26____,halfwaythroughthethirdweek,IfinallygotacallbackfromoneoftheplacesIappliedto.Wehad____27____ameetingtime,andaftermy___28___,IwasmorethanreadytostartworkingthefollowingMonday.Whenworking,itwasvery___29___thatIwasthenewguy.Myparents_____30_____thatIwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks,andthatIwouldbe______31______it.Iingformorejobs.However,Istuckwithit.Imadesuretoputa_____32_____onmyfaceeverydaynomatterwhat_____33_____.Attimes,somecustomerswerealwaysaskingtospeakwithmy______34______.EverytimeIheardthat,IthoughtifIhadadollar,Iwould_____35_____workadayinmylife.However,I______36______togetthehangofthingsafteracoupleofweeks.Ialwayssuggestedthesuitable_____37_____forcustomers.Acoupleofweekslater,IhadbeentoldbythemanagerthatIhadreceivedthe______38______employeeofthemonth.Atthatmoment,IfeltlikeIhadtruly_____39_____it,andthiswasthefirstofmanyachievementsIwouldreceivewhileworking.Ittaughtmealotaboutresponsibilityandthe______40______ofinsistingonthework.21.A.free B.dependent C.naughty D.cheerful22.A.spent B.worked C.saved D.wasted23.A.friends B.relatives C.parents D.teachers24.A.wrote B.improved C.planned D.tried25.A.agreeing B.promising C.managing D.hoping26.A.Besides B.Meanwhile C.However D.Therefore27.A.setup B.putup C.takenup D.madeup28.A.contribution B.interview C.experience D.experiment29.A.lucky B.terrible C.likely D.obvious30.A.figured B.advised C.proved D.admitted31.A.unhappy B.alone C.back D.crazy32.A.flower B.sign C.note D.smile33.A.appeared B.happened C.rose D.operated34.A.manager B.partner C.roommate D.waiter35.A.only B.nearly C.never D.regularly36.A.started B.refused C.wanted D.pretended37.A.tickets B.plans C.cases D.choices38.A.friendly B.best C.hopeful D.amazing39.A.got B.had C.kept D.made40.A.truth B.power C.importance D.way【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C36.A37.D38.B39.D40.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者第一次工作(在餐馆当服务员)的经历，由此变得独立并从中学会了责任和坚持一份工作的重要性。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是从依靠别人迈向更加独立的一步。A.free自由的；B.dependent依附的，依靠人的；C.naughty淘气的；D.cheerful快乐的。from…toamoreindependentadult从…到更加独立的成人，表示一个转变，说明原来并不独立，且后文的“toamoreindependentadult”暗示了此处是dependent，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我高中时一天都没有工作过，因为我父母想要我专心学习。A.spent花费，度过；B.worked工作；C.saved拯救，节约；D.wasted浪费。上文“wantedmetofocusonstudy.”暗示作者以前从没有工作过，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我高中时一天都没有工作过，因为我父母想要我专心学习。A.friends朋友；B.relatives亲戚；C.parents父母；D.teachers老师。作者之所以不够独立，是因为父母想让他专心学习，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打印了一份最近更新的简历，那是我大四那年第一次写的，然后填了几十份申请。A.wrote写作；B.improved改进，提升；C.planned计划；D.tried尽力做。根据“updatedresume”可知简历应该是自己写的，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发送了申请，希望第一次能有几个选择的机会。A.agreeing同意；B.promising保证，承诺；C.managing管理，设法；D.hoping希望。根据“getmyfirstcoupleofchoices.”可知，作者发出自己的简历，希望得到一些工作的机会，故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，第三周过了一半的时候，我终于接到了一个电话，来自我之前申请的地方。A.Besides除此以外；B.Meanwhile同时；C.However;D.Therefore因此。上文“Igotnocallsoremailsback.”(我没有接到任何电话和邮件)和后文“Ifinallygotacallback”(我最终接到了一个电话。)形成转折，因此用However，故选C。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们定了一个见面的时间。A.setup建立，设立；B.putup举起，搭建；C.takenup占据，从事；D.madeup组成，编造。此处表示作者和用人单位定了个见面时间，setupatime“设定时间”，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面试结束后，我为下周一开始工作做好了充足的准备。A.contribution贡献；B.interview面试；C.experience经历，经验；D.experiment实验。根据“Wehad7ameetingtime”可知，面试结束后。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在工作中，很明显我是个新人。A.lucky幸运的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.likely可能的；D.obvious明显的。从上文可知作者第一次参加工作，工作中作者显然是个新人，故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母认为我坚持不到两周，会回来继续找工作。A.figured认为；B.advised建议；C.proved证明；D.admitted承认。根据“Iwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks,andthatIwouldbe11lookingformorejobs.”可知，作者父母认为作者坚持不到两周。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父母认为我坚持不到两周，会回来继续找工作。A.unhappy不开心的；B.alone独自的；C.back后面的；D.crazy疯狂的。前面提及“Iwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks”可知此处是父母认为作者会回来再找工作，beback回来，故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管发生什么，我都确保每天脸上都带着微笑。A.flower花；B.sign标识；C.note便条；D.smile微笑。根据前文“However,Istuckwithit.”(然而，我坚持下去了。)可知作者每天工作的时候一定脸上挂着笑容，putasmileontheface:面带微笑，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管发生什么，我确保每天脸上都带着微笑。A.appeared出现；B.happened发生；C.rose上升；D.operated操作。这里表示不管发生什么，作者都会面带微笑，故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，一些顾客总会要求和我的经理面谈。A.manager经理；B.partner合伙人；C.roommate室友；D.waiter服务员。依据后文的“Acoupleofweekslater,Ihadbeentoldbythemanager…”中的冠词the表示特指或第二次提及，且分析语境可知，此处是顾客要求找经理，故选A。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每当我听到那样的话时，我会想，如果我有哪怕一美元，我这辈子都不要再上班了。A.only仅仅；B.nearly几乎；C.never绝不；D.regularly有规律地。作者每次听见有顾客找经理理论的时候，都想着哪怕有一美元，也决不会工作，故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，几周后，我开始掌握了一些窍门。A.started开始；B.refused拒绝；C.wanted想要；D.pretended假装。这里表示作者经历过前几周刚开始参加工作的郁闷后，开始掌握了一些事情的诀窍。starttodo:开始做,故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是给顾客提供合适他们的选择。A.tickets票；B.plans计划；C.cases案例；D.choices选择。此处表示作者通常会给顾客推荐那些适合他们的选择，故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几周后，经理告诉我我被评为当月最佳员工。A.friendly友好的；B.best最好的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.amazing令人惊讶的。依据后文的“thiswasthefirstofmanyachievements”可知，此处最合理的应该是被选为当月最佳员工，故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我感觉自己真的做到了，这是我在工作中获得的许多成就中的第一个。A.got得到；B.had拥有；C.kept保持；D.made制造。此处表示在收获最佳员工称号的时候，作者感觉自己成功了，makeit:成功，做到，故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会了我很多有关什么是责任以及坚持工作的重要性。A.truth事实；B.power权利；C.importance重要性；D.way方式，方法。根据“responsibility”可知，这里指作者通过工作，学会了责任和坚持一份工作的重要性，of:...portanceof:...的重要性。故选C。第Ⅱ卷第二节阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Lightningisverycommonbutoneofthemostpowerfulweatherforcestohittheearth.___41___(actual),everysecondabout100lightningstrikeshit___42___surfaceoftheearth.Insomepartsoftheworld,forexampleinIndia,summerlightningstormsareverycommon.Withtherainyseason___43___(begin)there,stormsoftencovermostofthecountry'snorthernarea.LastweekinJune,theReutersnewsagency___44___(report)lightningstrikeskilledmorethan100peopleintwoareasofIndia.Ifyouareoutside,___45___(expert)sayyoushouldtakecover,___46___meansfindingasafeshelterforprotection.Duringalightningstorm,noplaceoutsideissafe.Ifyouhearthunder,lightningiscloseenoughtohityou.Mostlightningvictims(受害者)areinopenareasornearatree.Ifyouare___47___(indoor)duringalightningstorm,youcouldstillbe___48___danger.Stayoffwiredphones,computersandother____49____(equip)thatcanputyouindirectcontactwithelectricity.Avoidanyareaswithrunningwaterandstayawayfromwindowsanddoors.SpecialistsattheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaythathelpinglightningstrikevictimscansavetheirlives.Itissafe_____50_____(touch)alightningstrikevictim.Peoplestruckbylightningdonotcarryacharge.【答案】41.Actually42.the43.beginning44.reported45.experts46.which47.indoors48.in49.equipment50.totouch【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雷击这种自然现象，是袭击地球最强大的天气力量之一。作者还介绍了正确应对雷雨天气的一些办法。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，每秒钟大约有100次闪电击中地球表面。修饰后文整个句子应用副词actually，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Actually。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：事实上，每秒钟大约有100次闪电击中地球表面。此处特指“地球的表面”应用定冠词。故填the。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着雨季的开始，暴雨经常覆盖该国北部大部分地区。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，且therainyseason与begin构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填beginning。【44题详解】考查动词时态。句意：路透社报道，在6月最后一周，在印度两个地区雷击造成100多人死亡。report在句中作谓语，结合上文“LastweekinJune”可知应用一般过去时。故填reported。【45题详解】考查名词的数。句意：如果你在室外，专家说你应该找个隐蔽的地方，也就是说找一个安全的地方来保护自己。expert为可数名词，根据后文say为动词原形，可知主语为复数。故填experts。【46题详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你在室外，专家说你应该找个隐蔽的地方，也就是说找一个安全的地方来保护自己。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子“youshouldtakecover”，且从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：雷雨期间，如果你在室内，你仍可能处于危险之中。此处与上一段中“Ifyouareoutside”形成对比，因此需用表地点的副词indoors，表示“在室内”。故填indoors。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：雷雨期间，如果你在室内，你仍可能处于危险之中。结合句意表示“处于危险中”可知短语为beindanger。故填in。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：远离有线电话、电脑和其他能让你直接接触电的设备。此处作介词off的宾语，应用名词equipment，且equipment是不可数名词。故填equipment。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：触碰遭雷击的受害者是安全的。此处为“itbe+adj.+不定式短语”结构，句中的it是形式主语，因此此处用不定式作真正的主语。故填totouch。第三部分写作第一节短文改错51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；Readhasbeenanimportantpartofmylife.Aftergraduate,Istillkeepreadingbooks.Readingbooksnotonlybringmeknowledge,butalsohappiness.ThethingsIlearnfrombooksteachmyselfalotabouttheworld.Foranexample,Iknewmoreaboutsportsanddifferentculturesoftheworld.SoIknowthediversityoftheworld.Also,booksshowmethewaytosolveproblemsproper.WhenIcomeintoconflictbetweenothers,Itrytounderstandtheminsteadofarguingwiththem.Ireadaboutmanyinspiredstoriesabouthowgreatpeoplesucceed.SowhenImeetdifficulties,Itellmyselfnotgiveup,becausefailureisthemotherofsuccess.【答案】1.Read→Reading2.graduate→graduation3.bring→brings4.myself→me5.去掉an6.knew→per→properly8.between→with9.inspired→inspiring10.在not后加to【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者通过自己的例子讲述了阅读带来的好处。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。