人教版英语必修一unit4重要知识点及练习

1.burstinto+n=burstoutdoing1.burstinto+n=burstoutdoing突然isknowntoeverybody总所周知across穿过横穿out散发出精疲力竭aspeech演讲pleasedtodosth.乐意做某事numberof 的数量away立刻out掘出numberof许多大量的ofthousandsof成千上万的trappedin=becaughtin被困在 not=notall并非所有・thenorthof=northof在 的北面buried被埋葬被埋藏人教版高一英语必修一第四单元Earthquake重点词组及练习 起来burstintotears=burstoutcryinginjured受伤usual像往常一样of代替upshelters搭建避难proudof以 而自豪theopenair在户外ruins破败不堪成废墟anend终结 to 太 而不能中•…都rescuedfrom被从 解救出oneselfin=beburiedin专心于，埋头于littleof评价不高thinkhighlyof赞许给予较高评价if仿佛 29.be/getshocked震惊 anend终结1、 Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrashedandburst.城市里，一些大楼里的水管爆裂。burst爆裂,突发用法归纳：Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.我觉得白己高兴得心花怒放。Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破门而入。Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声联想扩展：burstinon...突然打断Heburstinonourconversation.他突然打断了我们的谈话。burstinto+n.突然.Thespeakerburstintoangryspeech.演讲者突然讲粗话。burstout+doing突然.Thewomanburstoutcryinglikeachild.那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.地震中，有三分之二的人死亡或受伤。injuryn.伤害易混辨析：injure;hurt;wound;harm伤害

injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与badly,slightly,seriously等连用；但若果指精神上的创伤，只能用verymuch,rather/deeply。wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上受伤。可以是肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的创伤。harm表示引起对身体、物质或精神上的损害，常指伤害人的肉体，损坏东西以及损害健康、品质、事业等。即时活用：1、 Didyousaythatourneighbor intheaccident?A.badlyhurted B.wasbadlyhurtedC.hadbadlyhurted D.wasbadlyhurt2、 Mychest whenItakeadeepbreath,doctor.A.hurtsB.woundsD.injure3、 Theoldladydiedfromthe onherhead;shewas whencleaningwindowsontheladderwhenshefelloffit.A.injury;injuredB.wound;woundC.wounded;hurtD.hurt;injured5、 Thebusdriverwasbadly___onbothlegsinthetrafficaccident.A.woundedB.brokenC.injuredD.destroyed3.Itseemedasif3.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!【短语归纳】与end搭配的常用短语：cometoanendvi.结束（用作谓语）attheendof在…尽头（末）（指时间或空间）bytheendoflast...（与过去完成时连用）intheend最后，终于（作状语）totheend到底bring/putanendvt.结束；制止bytheendof到…末为止（现在完成时连用）bytheendofnext...（用于将来完成时）onend连续withoutend没完没了的【随堂练习】用attheendof,bytheendof和intheend填空。（1）HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned lastterm?（2）Hebecameanoutstandingdoctor .（3）MyunclewillflytoChina thisyear.Itseemed+that从句是一个句型，表示“看起来好象”。eg:Itseemedthathedidn'tnoticethis.看起来他好象没注意这件事。asif是连词词组，意为“好像、好似”相当于asthough，一般用于句型Itlooks/seemsasif...中，其意思是“看起来好像……”。如果与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果与事实一致，则保持正常时态。eg:isalotofcloud.Itseemsasifit'sgoingtorain.有这么多乌云，看起来好象要下雨了。（是事实，不用虚拟）issokindtome.Itseemsasifsheweremymother.她对我非常好，看起来好象她是我的母亲。（事实上不是，与现在事实相反）sb.作主语时，seem后常跟adj.作表语。eg:Heseemedalittleangry.他看起来有点生气。、Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.（1）n.残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）Thecitylayinruinsafteryearsofbombing.（2）v.毁灭；使破产Thehurricaneruinedallthehouseshere.【拓展】beinruins呈一片废墟fallintoruin变成废墟cometoruin毁灭，落空ruinoneself白我毁灭bringsb.toruin使毁灭shockvt.&vi.(使)震动，震惊；(使)受电击n打击；震惊；震动［C］令人震惊的人或事Peoplewereshocked.(回归课本P26)1wasshockedtoseehimalone.我很吃惊地发现他独自一人。Ifelttheshockastheaircrafthittheground.飞机着陆时我感觉到震了一下。Ifyoutouchthislivewire,you'11getashock.如果触摸这条带电的电线，你就会遭到电击。归纳拓展 with/fromshock由于震惊shocked口办震惊的，震撼的shockingadj.令人震惊的ashockingaccident令人吃惊的事故beshockedat对……感到吃惊 beshockedtodo深感意外地去做特别提示shocked/surprised/amazed等的主语多为人，而shocking/surprising/amazing等的主语多为物。这两种形式的形容词辨析常在高考题中出现。如：Theywereshockedbyherrudeness.他们对她的无礼感到震惊。Whatashockingwasteoftime!时间的浪费多么惊人呀！当表示具体的令人震惊的人或事的时候，shock是可数名词，这一点常和冠词一起考查。如：Thenewsofhismother'sdeathwasaterribleshocktohim.他母亲去世的噩耗使他非常震惊。6Trapvt.(trapped，trapped)使陷入困境；设陷阱捕n.陷阱；困境；捕捉(动物的)夹子Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinside(it).电梯出了故障，我们被困在里面了。Thethieveswerecaughtinapolicetrap.窃贼落人警方设的陷阱而被捕。归纳拓展fallintoatrap：becaughtinatrap掉人陷阱；落人圈套betrappedin...trapsbintodoingsth诱使某人做某事Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintomakingaconfession.他们用巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。7、 Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.n.援救，营救Thepolicecametohisrescueandpulledhimoutoftheriverv.救援；拯救Herescuedaboyfromdrowning.【拓展】rescuesb./sth.fromsb./sp.把•••从・••营救出来cometo/gotosb'srescue=rescuesb.援救某人arescueteam救援队arescuemission救援任务 rescueworkers救援人员【随堂练习】用rescue的适当形式填空Themother,alongwithhertwochildren, fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.Thefiremen fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.betrappedin陷入困境Theyweretrappendintheburningbuilding.bury埋葬，掩埋beburiedin/buryoneselfin 埋头于，专心于（3） thedead死者，表示一类人。形容词前加the常用来表示一类人或一类东西。eg:therich富人 theyoung年轻人theold老年人 thedeaf聋人theblind盲人 theinjured受伤的人thenew新的东西 theordinary普普通通的东西theunusual不同寻常的东西注意："the+形容词"作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由上下文的意思而定。如表示一类人，作复数看待；如表示抽象概念或具体的某个人时，谓语动词用单数。eg: youngrespecttheold;theoldlovetheyoung.尊老爱幼。theinjuredhavebeensenttohospita.所有受伤的人都已送往医院。9congratulation®.）"祝贺"，一般要用复数形式，常与on连用。congratulationsonsth./doingsth.eg:'sofferourcongratulationsonhersuccess.对她的成功表示祝贺。onwinningtherace.祝贺你比赛获胜。注意：表示向某人祝贺，接介词to。congratulationstosb.eg: toyou.祝贺你。'ssendourcongratulationstohimonwinningtheNobelPrize.让我们祝贺他获得诺贝尔奖。congratulate（v.）“祝贺，恭喜；道贺，向 致词”，congratulatesb.onsth./doingsth.eg: congratulatedmygirlfriendonherbirthday.我向女友祝贺生日。mecongratulateyouonthebirthofyourdaughter.我祝贺你喜获千金。Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassedtheexamination.课堂训练一、 根据句意以及首字母提示完成单词1、 Olderstudentswerehavingdifficultyinstudyingando themselves.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z2、 Thatplaceisdirtyands .3、Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandb .4、Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthed wouldlast.5、F waterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.6、Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasd .7、 Therailwaytrackswerenowu piecesofsteel.8、Without （电），modernlifewouldbeverydifficult.9、 （判断）fromhisappearance,themangermustbeoverfifty.10、Deadand （受伤的）peoplelayeverywhereaftertheterribleaccident.二、 用适当的关系代词填空1、Thebuilding walliswhiteismyuncle'shouse.2、 Iknowtheboy youarelookingfor.3、 Willyoupleaselendmetheverybook youboughtyesterday?4、 Thestudent theteacherpraisedattheclassmeetingisourmonitor.5、 Thereason comesafterspringissummer.6、 Thisisthemuseum wevisitedlastSaturday.7、 Theboywith Johnistalkingismybrother.8、 Thegirl legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastalkentothehospitalimmediately.9、 ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolsisincreasing.10、Don'treadsuchbooks youcan'tunderstand.三、单项选择1、Wedon'tneedtodoextraworkthisevening.Theday'sworkwasalmost now.A.attheendB.atanendC.atoneendD.atourend2、I'vereadallthebooks yougaveme.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that3、Inthatbigfirealltheirhouseswere ,sotheyhadtobuildnewones.A.hurtB.harmedC.injuredD.destroyed4、Theboy ontheground tomethathishen threeeggsaday.A.lies;lied;laidB.lying;lied;laidC.lay;lied;lainD.lay;lying;haslaid5、Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss, cameasasurprise.A.itB.thisC.whichD.that6、AftertheTsunamipassedaway,allthevillagesandtownswere .Andnobeingwasseen.A.inruin B.inruins C.atruins D.forruins7、Thebusdriver