初中英语定语从句演示教学

1.什么(shénme)是定语(attribute)？Ilikethe

colours.Whichcolours?

energetic第一页，共35页。anancient

countrythecolour

ofwisdomthehigh-speedrailway

connectingAtoBtheperson

whohasinfluencedmemost定语---是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、或句子(jùzi)。汉语中常翻译成“……的”第二页，共35页。定语可以(kěyǐ)由形容词,代词,数词,名词,分词,不定式,介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词,介词短语为例）第三页，共35页。ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.(介词(jiècí)短语作定语)(现在(xiànzài)分词作定语)Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.

TheboynamedTomismyclassmate.(过去分词作定语(dìngyǔ))第四页，共35页。1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面(hòumian)。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。第五页，共35页。1.作引导(yǐndǎo)词2.在定语从句(cónɡjù)中担任一定的成分;3.同时(tóngshí)连接先行词与它引导的定语从句(把主句和从句连起来）引导定语从句的关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词whenwhere，why作用Grammar第六页，共35页。2.关系词在从句中做成分(chéngfèn)：相当于代词用的叫关系代词，相当于副词用的叫关系副词。第七页，共35页。关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果(rúguǒ)先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果(rúguǒ)先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;然后(ránhòu)，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主语宾语所有格人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,

of

which第八页，共35页。5.定语从句(cónɡjù)的结构….先行词（名词/代词(dàicí)）+关系代词(dàicí)（who/which/that/whom)+….1.Heneverforgetsthethings

that/whichheneedstodo.2.Youshouldpaynoattentiontothose

that/who

laughatyou.3.Doyouknowtheteachers

that/whoaresittinginourclassroomnow?第九页，共35页。将两个句子合并(hébìng)成定语从句Matchthetwosentences1.I’mreadinganarticle.ThearticleisaboutTom.I’mreadinganarticlethat/whichisaboutTom.2.Sheisateacher.TheteacherteachesusEnglish.Sheisateacherthat/whoteachesusEnglish.3.Whereisthecoat?Youboughtitlastweek.Whereisthecoatwhich/thatyouboughtlastweek?1.找先行(xiānxíng)词2.换关系(guānxì)词

3.抄其余部分第十页，共35页。Ilikemusic.Mostpeoplelikethemusic.Ilikemusicthatmostpeoplelike.that修饰先行词musicthat在从句中做宾语.(可以(kěyǐ)省略)定语(dìngyǔ)从句I第十一页，共35页。Ilikesingers.

Thesingerssingthewordsclearly.Ilikesingerswhosingthewordsclearly.who修饰先行(xiānxíng)词singerswho在从句中做主语.(不能省)第十二页，共35页。Rosalikesmusicthat’squietand

gentle.Rosa喜欢轻柔(qīngróu)的音乐。2.IlikemusicthatIcansingalong

with.我喜欢能随之歌唱的音乐3.Ilovesingerswhowritetheirown

music.我喜欢能自己作曲的歌星第十三页，共35页。Grammar1.who指人,作主语(zhǔyǔ)或宾语(作宾语可省略Theman(who)

Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.(who作宾语(bīnyǔ))(who作主语(zhǔyǔ))第十四页，共35页。2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词(jiècí)提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)

ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.(whom前有介词(jiècí)to,whom不能省去。)Grammar第十五页，共35页。

Wemettheteacheryesterday.

Theteacherwillgiveusa talk.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusa talk.注:定语从句的时态(shítài)不受主句的限制。第十六页，共35页。3.whose是代词的所有格形式(xíngshì),它既可以代人也可以代物。

Isawawoman. Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.(whose作定语(dìngyǔ))Grammar第十七页，共35页。4.which指物，作主语(zhǔyǔ)或宾语(作宾语可省,如介词提前则不能)Isthisthelibrary(which)

youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhich

youborrowbooks?Grammar第十八页，共35页。关系代词的作用：a.做代词，代替先行词b.在从句中担任句子成分主语或宾语c.做连词(liáncí)，把主句和从句连接起来注意：who/that在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词(dòngcí)的单复数应与先行词保持一致Ilikeapizzathatisreallydelicious.Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful.

Grammar第十九页，共35页。单项选择(xuǎnzé)。1.Thisisthejob______theylaughedat.（嘲笑）A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark____builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman______atyesterday’smeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseenACB第二十页，共35页。单项选择(xuǎnzé)4.Theman______ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.he B.whomC.whose D.who5.Whatistheanimal______babyissleepinginitspocket?A.who B.whoseC.its D.whichDB第二十一页，共35页。————关系(guānxì)副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行(xiānxíng)词,在句中作状语。where:在从句中作地点状语(zhuàngyǔ),指代地点.when:在从句中作时间状语(zhuàngyǔ),指代时间。1.Thehotelwasn’tclean.

+Westayedatthehotel.Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.The

hotel

(which)

westayedatwasn’tclean.第二十二页，共35页。2.I’llneverforgettheday.

IjoinedthePartyonthatday.

I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheParty.I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheParty.第二十三页，共35页。5.从句的谓语(wèiyǔ)动词要与先行词的单复数保持一致。Ilikethebookwhich/thatisonthedesk.我喜欢桌上的那本书。Ilikethebookswhich/thatareonthedesk.第二十四页，共35页。Thegirl____wonthematchnotsolongagoiscalledGuoYue,afamousChinesetabletennisplayer.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom第二十五页，共35页。在以下(yǐxià)情况下只用关系词that1.指物的先行(xiānxíng)词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定(bùdìng)代词时3.先行词既有人也有物时,只用that第二十六页，共35页。4.先行(xiānxíng)词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时5.当主句(zhǔjù)已有疑问词who或which时，用that第二十七页，共35页。只能用which，不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从中。Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定语从句由介词(jiècí)+关系代词引导先行词是物时。Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.第二十八页，共35页。注:who,that在指人可以(kěyǐ)通用，但下列宜用who,不用that1)先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系(guānxì)词使用who2)在therebe句型(jùxínɡ)中，先行词指人,关系词用who第二十九页，共35页。Istillrememberthegirl

(whom/that)wesawyesterday.第三十页，共35页。

请用thatorwho并成一句1.Ilike

music.Themusic

isloudandexciting.__________________________2.Sheloves

movies.

Themovies

areromantic.___________________________Ilike

music

that

isloudandexciting.Sheloves

movies

that

areromantic.haveatryEx.I第三十一页，共35页。3.Tonyhas

agoodfriend.

Thefriend

canspeakEnglishwell.___________________________________4.Jimreadsbooks.

ThebooksarewritteninEnglish.___________________________

Tonyhasagoodfriendwho

canspeakEnglishwell.haveatryJimreads

books

that

arewritteninEnglish.Ex.I第三十二页，共35页。5.Wehaveagoodteacher.

Theteacherisverybeautiful._________________________________6.Ilovesongs.ZhouJielunsingsthesongs________________________________