2023届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句教学课件 (共22张PPT)

定语从句定义：在句子中起定语的作用，修饰某一名词，或者修饰整个句子的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句通常跟在先行词之后。分类：根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。限定性定语从句紧跟在先行词之后，用来限制先行词的意义，是句子不可缺少的成分，没有它整个句子的意思就不完整或不明确；非限定性定语从句与主句之间有逗号隔开，只起补充说明的作用，如省去，句子仍然成立关系词：引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词，关系词既起连接作用，又在从句中充当成分.关系代词在从句中起名词或形容词作用，可作主语、宾语、定语或表语；而关系副词在从句中作状语

指人指物主语宾语定语表语

that which who whomwhose

√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√常用的关系代词有：

that,which,who,whom,whose√that指人或物，在定从中作主语或宾语，有时也可以作表语Canyoutellmethenameoftheboythathelpedme?ThebookthatIputonthedeskismine.Sheisnotthelittlegirlthatsheusedtobe.2.which指物，在定从中作主语或宾语ThetrainwhichhasarrivedisfromBeijing.Isthatthegamewhichyoulike?3.who指人，在定从中作主语，有时也可以代替whom作宾语Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.Thegirlwho/whomyousawyesterdayismysister.4.whom指人，在定从中可作宾语，常被who代替Isthatthemanwhom/whoyoulentthebookto?5.whose一般指人，有时也可以指物，在从句中作定语Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisverylong?Theyclimbedthemountainwhosetopwascoveredwithsnow.关系副词：引导限定性定语从句的关系副词主要有when,where,whywhen指时间，在从句中作时间状语，可用at/in/on/duringwhich等代替ThathappenedonthedaywhenIarrived.Thatwasthedaywhen/onwhichhewasborn.2.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语，有时可用in/at/onwhich等代替Thisistheplacewhere/inwhichheworks.3.why指原因，在从句中作原因状语，有时可用forwhich代替Thatisthereasonwhy/forwhichIrefusedit.4.that在从句中可以作时间、地点、原因或方式状语，that表示方式时，可以用inwhich代替Idon’tlikethewaythat/inwhichhespeakstome.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:①当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时，如：

a.All___canbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething____youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle____

theenemycandobesidessurrender.

thatthatthat②先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时：

I’vereadallthebooks____yougaveme.Themuch

progress____

hehadmadeencouragedhimtoomuch.③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

a.Thisisthefirstcomposition____hehaswritteninEnglish.b.It’sthebestnovel____Ihaveeverread.thatthatthatthat

④先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast

修饰时

a.Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone____Ireallylike.b.Thisistheverybook_____

Iwanttofind.thatthat⑤先行词是疑问词who,which,what

时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。

a.Whoistheperson____

isstandingatthegate?b.Whichofus____

knowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?⑥当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_____hehadvisited.thatthatthat⑦当关系代词在从句中作表语时：

Maryisnolongerthegirl_____shewastenyearsago.Chinaisnolongerthecountry____itusedtobe.thatthat1.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,______wehadn’texpected.A.WhenB.thatC.whichD.what

历年各地关于定语从句高考试题2.Anyway,thatevening,______I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which3.Thegentleman_____youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.WhoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Thosehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice______peopleexpected.LikeB.asC.thatD.which5.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,______wasveryreasonable.A.WhichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose6._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What7.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_______heislikelytolosecontrolOvertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why8.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,______leadingactorisworld-famous.A.ItsB.It’sC.whoseD.which9.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,____othervisitorsseldomgo.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when

10.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingTimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich11.Wearelivinginanage______manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when12.Icanthinkofmanycases____studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where13.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where14.