li unit3新视野第一册第一单元A

UNIT3SectionA

AGoodHeart

toLeanon

NewHorizonCollegeEnglish(BI)RelevantInformation(I)1.ManhattanisasuburbofNewYork.

曼哈顿是美国纽约市5个行政区之中人口最稠密的一个，也是最小的一个行政区。曼哈顿主要由一个岛组成，并被东河、哈得孙河以及哈莱姆河包围。曼哈顿被形容为整个美国的经济和文化中心，是纽约市中央商务区所在地，世界上摩天大楼最集中的地区，汇集了世界500强中绝大部分公司的总部，也是联合国总部的所在地。下曼哈顿的华尔街是世界上最重要的金融中心，有纽约证券交易所和纳斯达克，曼哈顿的房地产市场也是全世界最昂贵之一。根据2010年的资料，曼哈顿拥有1,585,873的居民，面积59.5平方千米，即平均每平方千米有26,668的人口，也使曼哈顿成为世界上人口最稠密的地方之一。曼哈顿也是全国其中一个最富有的地方，在2005年便有超过$100,000美元的人均GDP。由于每年有高达5,000万的游客到访纽约市，所以曼哈顿的不少景点都是世界知名的。其中，被称为“世界的十字路口”和“世界的中心点”的时代广场是璀璨夺目的百老汇剧院的中心点、全世界其中一个最繁忙的行人过路处以及世界娱乐产业的中心点。曼哈顿也拥有很多世界知名的桥梁、摩天大厦以及公园；曼哈顿华埠是整个西半球最大的华人聚居地。曼哈顿也同时拥有大量的高中和大学，其中包括世界排名前50的知名学府如哥伦比亚大学、纽约大学以及洛克斐勒大学。由于纽约市是于曼哈顿的南端创立，故此纽约市政府的所在地纽约市政厅也位于此。I.RelevantInformation(II)2.BrooklynisasuburbofNewYork.I.RelevantInformation(III)

3.EbbetsFieldisthestadiumbuiltbyandnamedafterCharlieEbbets,theowneroftheBrooklynDodgersbaseballteam.ThefirstgameplayedinthisformerhomeoftheBrooklynDodgerstookplacein1938.TheDodgersnolongerplayforBrooklyn.I.RelevantInformation(IV)4.Dodgers:TheDodgers,thenameofabaseballteam;theteamoriginallyplayedforBrooklynbutnowitnolongerplaysforBrooklyn.

II.Lead-inActivities―HistoryDoyouknowwhenisFather’sDay?

The3rdSundayofJuneTip:WhataboutthehistoryofFather’sDay?Fordetails

TheStoryofFather’sDay(I)Mrs.JohnB·Dodd,ofWashington,firstproposedtheideaofa“father’sday”in1909.Mrs.Doddwantedaspecialdaytohonorherfather,WilliamSmart.WilliamSmart,aCivilWarveteran,waswidowedwhenhiswife(Mrs.Dodd’smother)diedinchildbirthwiththeirsixthchild.

BackMr.SmartwaslefttoraisethenewbornandhisotherfivechildrenbyhimselfonaruralfarmineasternWashingtonState.

TheStoryofFather’sDay(II)

ItwasafterMrs.Doddbecameanadultthatsherealizedthestrengthandselflessnessherfatherhadshowninraisinghischildrenasasingleparent.Back

TheStoryofFather’sDay(III)ThefirstFather’sDaywasobservedonJune19,1910inSpokane,Washington.In1924,PresidentCalvinCoolidgesupportedtheideaofanationalFather’sDay.Finallyin1966,PresidentLyndonJohnsonsignedapresidentialproclamationdeclaringthe3rdSundayofJuneas

Father’sDay.BackTheJourneytoSeekforaGoodHeart…

TypeofWriting:“GoodHeart”;

Father;Life;Plot:NarrationCharacters:fatherson&Place:Brooklyn,N.Y.Time:Whenthesongrewup

MainIdeaoftheText

Byrecallingsomelifesectionsabouthisfather,thesonwantstoshowhowhiscrippledfather’sstrongpersonalityinfluenceshimandhelpshimkeepmentalbalancethroughthefather’sactofdeepcaringinlife.Inthisstory,asondescribeshowashamedhefeltasayouthwhenhewalkeddownthestreetwithhiscrippledfather.Thesondidnotlikehowpeoplestaredathim.Hisfatherneverletonthathesawanyofthis.Hewasveryactiveandenjoyedlife.Heoftentookpartinactivitiesthroughhisson.Overtime,thesonlearnedthathisfatherhadagoodheart.Hisfatherhasbeengonemanyyearsandthesonissorryhedidnottellhimhowmuchheadmiredhim.Now,heoftenremembershisfather’sexample.StructureAnalysisTherecallingofthefather’sexperienceThereflectiononthefather’slifeprincipleThereflectiononwhata“goodheart”isSection1(para1-4)Section2(para5-7)Section3(para8-13)leanon

dependonforsupportandencouragement我们有困难时总寻求父母的支持。Wealwaysleanonourparentswhenweareintrouble.KeyTranslationWordsandExpressions—WordUsingSubtitleMorethanIrealizedBeyondmyrealizationAfteralotofhardconstructionwork,thebeautyofthecityismorethanwordscandescribe.QHowdidthewriterfeeltobeseenwithhisfatherwhenhewasyoung?Andwhy?

HishandonmyarmforbalanceTheylayontheirbacks,theirhandscrossedundertheirheads.LanguagePoints

Iwouldinwardlystruggleattheunwantedattention.(L.3)

and

wouldmakeittotheofficeevenifotherscouldnot.(L.10)IwouldpullhimthroughthestreetsofBrooklyn(L.12)Hewould

clingtothehand-rail(L.14)He

wouldnothavetogooutsideagain…(L.16)★Theword“would”usedinthesesentencesshowwhatalwayshappenedbefore,meaning“usedtodosth.”BacktoPartIIfheevernoticedorwasbothered,he

neverleton.If:althoughItwasanicemeal,ifalittleexpensiveIfheevernoticedorwasbothered,he

neverleton.If:althougha.用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句：从来

b.用于表示比较的从句：曾经

c.用于特殊疑问句：究竟,到底,用任何方式___Itisrainingharderthanever.___Nothingevermakeshimangry.___Whoevercanitbe?bacNotestotheText—FocusStudy

ever从来,曾经,究竟VI.LanguagePointsadjustto(L.7):makechangesinordertosuitaparticularsituationorpurpose.

e.g.新生应该尽快适应大学生活。Freshmenshouldlearntoadjustthemselvestothecollegelifeassoonaspossible.

BacktoPartIVI.LanguagePoints3.Hewenttoworksick(L.9):whenhewassicke.g.Hewenttobedhungrylastnight.Ican’tdrinkthewaterhot.BacktoPartI

VI.LanguagePoints4.despitenastyweather(L.9):inspiteofbadweatherBacktoPartI

LanguagePoints

makeittotheoffice(L.9):1)toarriveintime2)succeedwithefforte.g.想在演艺圈出人头地，并非易事。It’shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.

BacktoPartIVI.LanguagePointsclingto:holdtightlyto

e.g.clingtothehandrails/thebelief

e.g.同他争论没有意义，他是个墨守陈规的人。There’snopointinarguingwithhim,forheisamanwhoclingstotheoldideas.BacktoPartI

VI.LanguagePointsThelowerstepsthatthewarmertunnelairkeptice-free.★~-free:without~

e.g.duty-freeshop,care-freechildhood

★“thelowersteps”isusedastheobjectto“keep”;“ice-free”istheobjectcomplement.

BacktoPartIOnceOnceinbed,thechildrenusuallygotosleepveryquickly.Oncethere,hewouldclingtothehandrail

untilhereachedthelowerstepsthatthe

warmertunnelairkeptfreeofice.①hewouldclingtothehandrail②untilhereachedthelowersteps他就紧抓着地铁通道口的扶手/一直往下走/因为地铁空气暖和，下面几级台阶没有冰雪。

③thatthewarmertunnelairkeptfreeoficeNotestotheText—FocusStudy

TipsfortranslatinglongsentencesThelongsentencecanbedividedinto:长句:修饰语多;并列成分多;语言结构层次多

Tipsfortranslatinglongsentences2.找出句中所有的非谓语动词、介词短语和从

句的引导词。1.找出全句的主、谓、宾语，从整体上把握句

子的结构。NotestotheText—FocusStudy

3.分析从句和短语的功能。例如，是否为主语从

句、宾语从句、表语从句等。

4.分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系。例如，

定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个。5.注意插入语等其他成分。6.注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。NotestotheText—FocusStudy

VI.LanguagePoints…agrownmantosubjecthimselftosuchindignityandstress.(L.20):causesb.toexperienceorsuffer使某人承受/经受e.g.这种产品投放市场前必须接受数次严格的测试Thistypeofproductmustbesubjectedtoanumberofseveretestsbeforecomingintothemarket.

BacktoPartIINormally,whenyouclipthemodifiers(修饰语),youwillseethekeyidea.Amodifiercanbeaclause,prepositionalphrase,adverbialphrase,indefinitephrase,etc.现在回想起来，我感到十分惊叹。想他那样一个成年人，得有多大的勇气才能经受这样的屈辱和压力。Thekeyidea:Ifeelgreatlysurprised.

WhenIthinkofitnow,Ifeelgreatlysurprisedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenformyfathertoexperiencesuchshameandstress.NotestotheText—FocusStudy

Whensb.thinksofsth./sb.now(somedayinthefuture),he/sheis/feelsamazed/shocked/delighted/embarassed/guilty/alarmed/…at…现在（将来有朝一日）回想起某事/某人来，某人会对…感到惊叹震惊高兴难堪内疚恐慌。WhenIthinkthemilitarytrainingnow,IstillfeelamazedathowmuchwillpowerIdisplayedthen.hasamHeisnotafootballfan,nor_____I.IhaveneverbeentoParis,nor____mywife.Henevertalkedabouthimselfasan

objectofpity,nordidheshowanyenvyofthemorefortunateorable.never…,nor…从不……,也从不……NotestotheText—FocusStudy

NowthatIamolder,Ibelievethatisaproper

standardbywhichtojudgepeople...Translation

我真不知道该说什么。Ireallydon’tknowwhattosay.whichtojudge:疑问词+不定式

你已经决定国庆节去哪儿了吗?HaveyoudecidedwheretogofortheNational

Day?NotestotheText—FocusStudy

engagein(L.27):takepartinsth./participateinsth.engageda.忙碌的,使用中的;已订婚的engagementn.订婚;约会;保证书

(Altoughsb.is)adj./p.p.phrase,sb.stilldoes…

虽说是…，某人还是…(某人尽管有不利因素但仍然努力去做)

findoneself+prep./V-ing/V-edAtdusk,theyfoundthemselvesatavalley.Ifoundmyselfagreeingwitheverythingshesaid.Theywokeuptofindthemselvessurroundedbywater.Normally,awriterstartswithageneralpointandthenpresentsanumberofexamplestosupporthispoint.GeneralSpecific(Exemplification)Para.8Example1:Example2:Ageneralpoint:Myfathertriedtoparticipateinmanyactivitiesinsomeway.keeptheteamgoingasamanagerliketogotodancesandpartiesTextunderstandingcontentto

他对这种平静的生活感到完全心满意足。He’sperfectlycontenttolivesuchapeacefullife.KeyTranslationhappyorsatisfiedWordsandExpressions—WordUsing

VI.LanguagePointstakeadive(L.37):pretendtobedefeatedpretendtoloseafightoragame

★Whydidn’tanyonefightwithhim?Itwasamixedfeelingofrespectandfearofthefatherthaturgedthefighterstopretendtobedefeatedbeforethefightbegan.(Itshowspeople’srespect,admirationandfearofthefather.Inaweofthefather,theydidn’tdaretofightwithhim.)

BacktoPartIII

VI.LanguagePointshesawtoitthat….:makesurethat…

你能确保今天发出这封信吗？此信周四前必须到达总部。Willyouseetoitthatthislettergetspostedtoday?IthastoreachtheheadofficebeforeThursday.

BacktoPartIIIPara.11Example3:Ageneralpoint:Inowknowheparticipatedinsomethingsthroughme,hisonlyson.Example1:Example2:visitedhisofficeplayedballjoinedtheNavyTextunderstanding

VII.RhetoricalTechniques(I)1.Euphemism（委婉）:e.g.Hisfatherhasbeengoneformanyyearsnow(line45).(“hasbeengone”isusedheretoreplace“hasbeendead”).

VII.RhetoricalTechniques(II)2.Parallelism（平行结构）:

将结构相同或类似、意义相关的语言成分平行的并列在一起起到加强语势，表达强烈感情的作用，并列的成分可是单词，短语，从句，句子等。

e.g.1)IamsorryInevertoldhimhowsorryIwas,howunworthyIwas,howIregrettedit.(L.46)2)IthinkofhimwhenIcomplainabouttrifles,whenIamenviousofanother’sgoodfortune,whenIdon’thavea“goodheart”(L.47)Thecontrastiscenteredaround“theson”and“thefather”:1)Theirattitudestowardspeople’sstaringThefather:neverlettingonevenwhenbotheredortalkingabouthimselfasanobjectofpityTheson:embarrassedtobeseenwalkingwiththecrippledfather

VII.RhetoricalTechniques(III)3.Comparison&Contrast2)TheirwaysofconductingoneselfTheson:enviousofanother’sgoodfortune,shortof“goodheart”,complainingabouttrifles(Para.12)Thefather:brave(courage)tosubjecthimselftotheshameandstresswithoutbitternessandcomplaint,showingnoenvyofthemorefortuneorable,andlookingfor“goodheart”inothers(Para.5and6)Back3)TheirdependenceoneachotherTheson:Iputmyhandonthefather’sarmformybalanceofmindwhenIcomplainabouttrifles,whenIamenviousofanother’sgoodfortune,whenIdon’thavea‘goodheart’.Thefather:Iputmyhandontheson’sarmformybalanceofbodywhenwewalkedtogether,whenIwenttowork,whensnoworicewasontheground.Back

VII.RhetoricalTechniques(IV)4.Echoism:

1)Echoismbetweenthetopicandtheending:

Thetopic“Agoodhearttoleanon”andtheending“Yousetthepace.Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou”bothconveytheauthor’sdependenceonthefather’smentalguide.2)Echoismbetweentheformerandlatterparts:

Yousetthepace.Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou.(Youguidemephysically.)Yousetthepace.Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou.(Youguidemementally.)

Ⅷ.Grammar—VerblessClause1.VerblessClause无动词分句★ModelsintheText：Whenwewouldwalktogether,hishandonmyarmforbalance,peoplewouldstare.Itwasdifficulttocoordinateoursteps—hishalting,mineimpatient.Hewenttoworksick,anddespitenastyweather.Oncethere,hewouldclingtothehandrailuntilhereachedthelowerstepsthatthewarmertunnelairkeptice-free.Unabletoengageinmanyactivities,myfatherstilltriedtoparticipateinsomeway.★DefinitionofVerblessClause:无动词分句是一种缩略分句结构。所谓“无动词”是因为这种结构中没有任何形式地谓语动词。★TypesofVerblessClause:1)无动词分句通常只有隐含逻辑主语，它是通过与主句共用主语而依附于主句，如：Oncethere,hewouldclingtothehandrail.Unabletoengageinmanyactivates,myfatherstilltriedtoparticipateinsomeway.Asciencereporter,hehasawiderangeofknowledge.Closetotheurbanareas,thisfarmmainlydoesmarketgardening.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Back2)而无动词分句也有将自己的主语表示出来的。如：Itisdifficulttocoordinateoursteps,hishalting,mineimpatient.Dozensoftouristslosttheirway,manyofthemchildren.带主语的无动词分句一般由名词短语+名词词组/介词词组/形容词词组/副词词组构成。如：Shetalkedaboutherfriends,allofthemtelevisionstars.Helookedup,annoyanceonhisface.FledlookedatHarry,hiseyesfullofdoubt.Breakfastover,hewen