【课件】2021届高考英语二轮复习课件 议论文完形填空

第4讲议论文Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The

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isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof

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becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.

Howdidwe

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athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasiertoreplaceanobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.

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modernmanufacturing(制造业)andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland

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.

Anothercauseisourloveofdisposable(一次性的)products.As

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people,wearealwayslookingfor

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tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companiesproducethousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.

Ourappetitefornewproductsalso

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totheproblem.Weare

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buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthatnewerisbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe

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usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.

Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe

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ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To

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theamountofrubbishandtoprotecttheenvironment,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.

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,thisisnotenoughtosolve(解决)ourproblem.

Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions

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throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout

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.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.

1.A.key

B.reason

C.project

D.problem2.A.gifts B.rubbish C.debt D.products3.A.face B.become C.observe D.change4.A.Thanksto B.AstoC.Exceptfor D.Regardlessof5.A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful6.A.sensitive B.kind C.brave D.busy7.A.ways B.places C.jobs D.friends8.A.adapts B.returns C.responds D.contributes9.A.tiredof B.addictedtoC.worriedabout D.ashamedfor10.A.pickup B.payforC.holdonto D.throwaway11.A.advantages B.purposesC.functions D.consequences12.A.show B.record C.decrease D.measure13.A.However B.OtherwiseC.Therefore D.Meanwhile14.A.by B.infavourofC.after D.insteadof15.A.spending B.collectingC.repairing D.advertising【文章大意】现代社会中,人们扔掉的垃圾越来越多。文章讨论了产生这种问题的原因,并提出了改变消费方式,利用可再生原料,保护环境等解决对策。1.【解析】选D。根据上文“在现代社会,当东西用坏后,我们就会把它扔掉并买一个新的”和下文“人们扔掉了比以往更多的垃圾”,可知这是一个问题。2.【解析】选B。根据下文的“rubbish”和“Mountainsofrubbish”可知,本题选B。3.【解析】选B。人们不断地扔垃圾,导致垃圾越来越多。所以可判断该句句意为“我们是如何成为满是废品的社会的呢?”become变成。4.【解析】选A。根据下文“公司能快速而又廉价地生产产品”可知,这多亏了现代制造业和科技。thanksto多亏了,幸亏。

5.【解析】选C。根据上文“公司能快速而又廉价地生产产品”可知产品应是丰富而又便宜的。cheap便宜的。6.【解析】选D。根据下文“节约时间和使我们的生活更加容易”可知我们是很忙的人。busy繁忙的。7.【解析】选A。根据句意“作为繁忙的人,我们总是寻找节约时间和使我们的生活更加容易的方法”可知选A。way方法。8.【解析】选D。句意:我们对新产品的欲望也会导致这一问题。contributeto导致。9.【解析】选B。根据上文“我们对新产品的欲望”和下文“扔掉有用之物来为新买的东西腾出空间”可知我们对买新产品“上瘾”。beaddictedto对……上瘾。10.【解析】选D。根据上下文的throwaway一词,再结合该句句意“结果是我们扔掉有用之物来为新买的东西腾出空间”。throwaway扔掉。11.【解析】选D。根据下文“垃圾山越来越大”可知,这是我们的“这种扔掉型的生活方式”所造成的结果。consequence结果。12.【解析】选C。根据下文的“保护我们的环境和要求人们循环使用物料”可知该处意为“为了减少垃圾的数量”。decrease减少。13.【解析】选A。上文提到一种保护环境的方法,下文又说这种方法还不足以解决我们的(垃圾越来越多的)问题。可知上下文应是转折关系,故用however然而。14.【解析】选D。另一种方法就是修理我们的东西而不是扔掉它们。空格前后应是正反对比关系。insteadof而不是。15.【解析】选A。根据下文的spending一词可知此处选A。句意:我们也需要重新思考我们对于消费的态度。【文本整体感知】1.解读主旨阅读文章,根据提示回答问题What’sthemainideaofthepassage?Weareliving____________________becausepeople___________________________thaneverbefore.Weneedto________________________________________and_________________________.

inathrowawaysocietyarethrowingoutmorerubbishdosomethingtoreducetheamountofrubbishtakecareofourenvironment2.理清结构

3.鉴赏语言请找出反映文章主旨的词汇和表达___________________________________________________________________________________recycle,makeroomfor,contributeto,beaddictedto,wearout,throwaway,rubbish,cause

【解题思路模板】思路1.理清段落脉络,注意前后照应第一段由两个句子构成,其中第二个句子是对全文首句的拓展。注意第二段首句的问句与第一段之间的关系。另外第五段首句与第一段照应。尝试完成下面题目:T1

D

T2

B

T3

B

T11

D

思路2.寻找线索词文中第二、三、四段回答了Howdidwebecomeathrowawaysociety?这一问题。三个方面的原因由主到次,分别由firstofall,another(cause),also(contributestotheproblem)串为一体。善于抓住这一类线索词,可以从宏观确定答案。尝试完成下面题目:T4

A

T5

C

T6

D

T7

A

T8

D

T9

B

T10

D

【完形微技能】技法1明晰议论文的写作特点1.结构清晰,脉络有序。议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体,一般由三个要素组成:论点、论据、结论。论点和论据形成一体,相互印证。有时作者为了使文章脉络清楚,行文流畅,会使用一些连接词,如:onthecontrary,allinall,inshort,generallyspeaking,worsestill,ontheotherhand,inconclusion,asaconsequence等。2.首句制胜,论点明确。议论型完形填空的首句常常是文章的主旨句。作者一般在文章的首段提出论点,然后在各段的首句提出分论点。3.不同的议论文论点的提出方式不同,有以下三种情况:①开门见山地提出论点,然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点,论据有时候既有正面的论据,也有反面的论据,最后总结全文。②导入式提出论点。先通过叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象,然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点,再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。③最后提出论点。有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象,不表明自己的观点,是通过对具体现象的分析,自然得出一种结论,本文属于第②类。技法2关注否定词,把握句子逻辑完形填空中少不了NOT,它与上下文有着千丝万缕的关系。善于抓住它,可以提供做题线索。例如第五段中最后一句thisisnotenoughtosolveourproblem.而T13之前的为一个肯定的叙述,因此判断T13前后句意为转折关系。

技法3抓住复现词,找到解题线索议论文中不可避免地出现大量的(同义)复现词,根据复现可以找到解题线索。如本文中wearout;throwaway;mountainsof;plentiful;disposable;theamountof等。如T10就是根据前后文复现选择出正确答案的。再如第二段中T5就是根据前文中inexpensively确定的答案。

【思维迁移升华】阅读原文概要,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Itissaidthatweareenteringathrowawaysociety,1.__________meansthatpeoplethesedaystendtothrowawayoldthingsandbuynewones.Thereareafew2.__________(factor)behindthisphenomenon.

Firstofall,withthe3.__________(develop)oftechnology,thecompanycanproduce4.__________(many)cheapproducts.Apartfromeconomicandtechnicalreasons,otherfactorsincludepeople’slack5.__________awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.

Forexample,somepeopleusedisposableproductsfor6.__________(convenient)everydaypayinglittleattentionto7.__________impactontheenvironment.Soourappetitefornewproductsalso8.__________(lead)totheproblem.

Atpresent,manygovernmentsareencouragingpeople9.__________(use)recyclablematerials.Despitetheimprovementofourlivingconditions,10.__________(throw)oldthingsawayshouldbediscouragedanditiseveryone’sresponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironment.

答案:

1.which

2.factors

3.development

4.more

5.of6.convenience

7.the

8.leads

9.touse

10.throwing

【题后反思】阅读文章最后一段,体会第一句中another有什么作用。将最后一句翻译成汉语。答案:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________anotherwayout与上一段紧密结合,说明最后两段是一个整体。

最后一句:Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.

译文:修理我们的东西和改变我们的消费习惯可能是减少垃圾数量和保护我们的环境的最好方法。Passage1(2020·潍坊三模)AteacheratCedarBluffElementarySchool,AndrewKlickawritesrapmusictohelpstudentslearnandrememberconcepts.“Istartedwritingraps

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thesocialstudiestestsweresohard,”Klickasaid.“Kidshada(n)

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timerememberingalloftheinformationthatwehadto

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.”

Thispieceofnewshas

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thatmusiccanhelpkidsdobetterinschool.Thebestwayto

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factsmightbetosetthemtomusic.Medicalstudents,forexample,havelongusedrhymesandsongstohelpthem

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vastquantitiesofinformation.AdoctorbythenameofTupasMukherjee

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thatatthehospitalheworkedatnoone

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theproceduresformanagingasthma(哮喘).Sohecreatedavideoandrecordedhimself

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theguidelinesonasthmaprocedures.Ithasspreadquickly,andnowall

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useitandareabletoremembertheguidelines.

Musicalsomakestheschooldaymorefun.Itmakesschoolmore

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.ManystudentscometoschoolwithoptionalcourseslikeSpanish.Nogymormusic.Iftheyhadamusichourorprogram,theycouldreduce

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andrelaxtheirbraininaway.

Therefore,I

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withsomepeoplewhothinkthatmusicisworthsacrificingforother

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suchasupgradedwebsites.Weshouldn’t

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musicprograms.

【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了音乐对学习方面的帮助,认为音乐课不应该被其他课程所取代。1.A.because

B.thoughC.until D.unless【解析】选A。考查连词词义辨析。句意:我开始写说唱是因为现在的考试都太难了。分析文章可知,提到“AndrewKlickawritesrapmusictohelpstudentslearnandrememberconcepts”,Andrew开始写说唱是为了帮助学生学习理解概念,由此判断Andrew写说唱和考试太难之间是因果关系,故选A。2.A.difficult B.longC.unforgettable D.boring【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:学生们在记忆我们教授的知识时是非常困难的。difficult困难的;long长的;unforgettable难以忘记的;boring无聊的。分析文章可知,前文提到“thesocialstudiestestsweresohard”现在的考试太难了,由此判断,学生在准备考试内容的时候也是十分困难的。故选A。3.A.write B.teachC.collect D.store【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:学生们在记忆我们教授的知识时是非常困难的。文章第一句提到“AteacheratCedarBluffElementarySchool,AndrewKlickawritesrapmusictohelpstudentslearnandrememberconcepts.”Andrew是一所学校里的老师,因此学生要记忆的知识是老师教授的,故选B。4.A.repeated B.complainedC.announced D.proved【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:这条新闻证实了音乐确实对学习有所帮助。repeated重复;complained抱怨;announced声称;proved证明。分析文章内容可知,第一段及第二段中“Thebestwayto...factsmightbetosetthemtomusic.Medicalstudents,forexample,havelongusedrhymesandsong...vastquantitiesofinformation.”记忆最好的方式就是把知识编进歌曲里,且在第二段中列举了医学生通过音乐进行知识记忆的例子。由此判断,这条新闻证实了音乐确实对学习有所帮助。故选D。5.A.face B.explainC.remember D.know【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:记下这些知识最好的方式就是写进歌里。第一段第一句提到“AndrewKlickawritesrapmusictohelpstudentslearnandrememberconcepts.”Andrew老师写了说唱歌曲来帮助学生进行记忆,因此最好的方式是将知识写进歌里来帮助记忆。故选C。6.A.check B.seekC.provide D.master【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:例如,医学生早就用韵律和歌曲帮助他们掌握大量的信息。分析文章可知,第二段第二句提到“Thebestwayto...factsmightbetosetthemtomusic.”掌握知识点的最好的方式就是把知识点写进歌里,接着文章举例提到医学生早就使用了这个方法。故选D。7.A.realized B.predictedC.supposed D.understood【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:一位叫TupasMukherjee的医生意识到,在他工作的医院里,没有人遵循哮喘管理程序。realized意识到,发现;predicted预测;supposed假设;understood理解。后文提到“Sohecreatedavideoandrecordedhimself...”TupasMukherjee医生自己录了视频记录自己治疗哮喘的过程,由此判断是TupasMukherjee医生意识到医院里没有人按照相关程序进行治疗。故选A。8.A.accepted B.followedC.created D.appreciated【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:一位叫TupasMukherjee的医生意识到,在他工作的医院里,没有人遵循哮喘管理程序。后文提到“Sohecreatedavideoandrecordedhimself...”TupasMukherjee医生自己录了视频记录自己治疗哮喘的过程,且该段最后一句提到“Ithasspreadquickly,andnowall______useitandareabletoremembertheguidelines.”TupasMukherjee医生拍摄的视频作为指导思想进行了广泛的传播,由此判断是TupasMukherjee医生意识到医院里没有人按照相关程序进行治疗。故选B。

9.A.developing B.presentingC.reciting D.singing【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:于是他制作了一段视频,并录下了自己将治疗哮喘指南唱出来的过程。第二段第二句和第三句提到“setthemtomusic”和“usedrhymesandsongs”帮助人们记忆的最好的方式就是把内容放在音乐里。由此判断,TupasMukherjee应该是把治疗哮喘的方式唱进歌里。故选D。10.A.students B.professorsC.doctors D.reporters【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个视频快速地传播开来,所有的医生都开始使用这个视频,并且都能记住了治疗哮喘指南。分析文章可知,TupasMukherjee医生在医院工作,并且录制这个视频的原因是为了向其他医生们传播治疗哮喘的方法。故选C。11.A.practical B.importantC.interesting D.unusual【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:音乐也使得学校生活更加的有趣。分析文章可知,前文提到“Musicalsomakestheschooldaymorefun.”音乐会给学校生活增添很多乐趣,因此相对应的选择interesting。故选C。12.A.confidence B.pressureC.friendship D.conflict【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们就会减轻一些压力,并让自己的大脑在某种程度上休息一会。该段第一句提到音乐会给学校生活增添很多乐趣,由此判断音乐可以帮助学生减轻自己的压力。故选B。13.A.talk B.disagreeC.compare D.compete【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不同意音乐课要为别的科目进行牺牲。分析文章内容可知,作者在前文中提到了音乐在记忆知识点方面的帮助,以及音乐给学校生活带来的乐趣,由此判断作者是十分认同音乐的作用的,因此不能让音乐课为别的科目牺牲。故选B。14.A.methods B.abilitiesC.programs D.reasons【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不同意音乐课要为别的科目进行牺牲。该段最后一句提到了“musicprograms.”,由此判断除了音乐这个科目之外还有别的科目,故选C。15.A.lookforwardto B.takeadvantageofC.addupto D.getridof【解析】选D。考查动词词组辨析。句意:我们不应该去掉音乐课。lookforwardto期待;takeadvantageof利用;addupto加起来;getridof去除;摆脱。分析文章内容可知,作者对于音乐是持有一个积极的态度的,而且在最后一段中,作者也认为音乐课不能为其他的科目牺牲,因此不应该去掉音乐课。故选D。Passage2(2020·上海二模)HowSavingWildlifeBenefitsHumansIt’snosecretthatwe’velostanoverwhelmingnumberofspecieswithinthatlastfourdecades.Thesespecieshaveallbut

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duetooverpopulation,deforestation,consumerculture,climatechange,animalexploitation,andotherharmingsources—allbroughtaboutbymankind.

Oneofthefirstgreatrulesofterrestrial(陆地的)biologyis“nospeciesisforever.”

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,thisrapidlossofspeciestodayisestimatedtobebetween1,000and10,000timeshigherthanthenaturalextinctionrate.Asincreasinglyacceptedtheorieshaveargued,wearenowinthemidstofthesixthgreat

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.

TheEarthconsistsofplants,animals,water,land,theatmosphere,andhumans.Biodiversity(生物多样性)

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thehealthoftheplanetandhasagreatimpactonallourlives.Reducedbiodiversitymeansafuturewherefoodsuppliesarevulnerable(易受攻击的)topestsanddisease,andfreshwaterisinshortsupply.Ifbiodiversity

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impactsourlivesinsuchbigways,thenourconservation(环保)effortsdon’tjustbenefittheenvironment,theybenefitus,too.

Oneconvincingbenefitthatcomesfromwildlifeconservationeffortsisthatitensuresfood

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.Wildlifeconservationpromotesagriculturalbiodiversity,whichplaysanimportantroleinbuildingasecureandhealthyfoodsystem.Whenagriculturalbiodiversityis

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andlandisclearedforagriculture,extensivehabitatlosstakesplace,aswellasundocumentedlossofspeciesandmassivesoilerosion(侵蚀).

Anotherbenefitthatcomesfromwildlifeconservationisthatthese

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protecthumanhealth.ConservationInternationalreportsthat“morethan50percentofmodernmedicinesandmorethan90percentoftraditionalmedicinescomefromwildplantsandanimals.”

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,aworldthatpromoteshealthyecosystemsandbiodiversityprovidescrucialbuffers(缓冲)betweendiseaseandhumans.Anumberofstudieshave

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reduceddiversityamongmammal(哺乳动物)speciesandoveralldecreasesinbiodiversitytoanincreaseinthetransmission(传播)ofanimal-bornediseasestohumans.

Perhapsthemostconvincingbenefitthatcomesfromwildlifeconservationisthatitprovidesuswith

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whetheritbeeconomicallyorsocially.Increasingbiodiversityandhealthyecosystemsimproveagriculturalproductivity,therebyallowingfarmstobecomemore

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.Healthyecosystemsthatarehometouniquespecies

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touristsfromaroundtheworld,whichhelpsthelocaleconomyandinvitesinanewfusionofinvestment.

Ourunsustainable,unconscious,self-interestedrelationshipwiththeenvironmenthasledusintoanextremelydestructibleworld.Ifwedonottakeactionand

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changingourways,weareatriskoflosingmorevitaland

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ecosystemsandbiodiversity,oratleastuntilthesixthgreatextinctionclaimsonefinalspecies:ourown.

【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。因为各种人类活动,很多动植物濒临灭绝。人们应该采取措施保护生物多样性和生态系统,这样也能让人类自己受益,如可以确保食物安全、保护人类健康,更是给人类自己机会。1.A.changed B.existedC.disappeared D.evolved【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于人类带来的人口过剩,森林砍伐,消费文化,气候变化,动物开发和其他危害源,这些物种几乎都消失了。changed改变;existed存在;disappeared消失;evolved进化。前文we’velostanoverwhelmingnumberofspecies说明该空意为“消失”,故选C。2.A.Furthermore B.HoweverC.Therefore D.Otherwise【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,据估计,今天物种的快速流失比自然灭绝率高1000至10000倍。Furthermore此外;However然而;Therefore因此;Otherwise否则。空白前后是转折关系,故选B。3.A.extinction B.destructionC.evolution D.immigration【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:越来越被接受的理论认为,我们现在正处于第六大灭绝中。extinction灭绝;destruction毁灭;evolution进化;immigration移民。前文thisrapidlossofspeciestodayisestimatedtobebetween1,000and10,000timeshigherthanthenaturalextinctionrate.说明该空意为“灭绝”,故选A。4.A.threatens B.localizesC.strengthens D.endangers【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:生物多样性加强了地球的健康,对我们的生活有很大的影响。threatens威胁;localizes使局部化;strengthens加强,增强;endangers危及。根据语境,应该是生物多样性使地球的健康状况增强(strengthen),故选C。5.A.infrequently B.potentiallyC.regionally D.directly【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:如果生物多样性以这样的方式直接影响我们的生活,那么,我们的环保工作不仅仅有益于环境,也对我们有益。infrequently稀少地;potentially潜在地;regionally地域性地;directly直接地。前文Reducedbiodiversitymeansafuturewherefoodsuppliesarevulnerabletopestsanddisease,andfreshwaterisinshortsupply.体现的是生物多样性对我们生活的直接(directly)影响。故选D。6.A.management B.inspectionC.development D.security【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:野生动物保护工作带来的一个令人信服的好处是它能确保食品安全。management管理;inspection检查;development发展;security安全。下文Wildlifeconservationpromotesagriculturalbiodiversity,whichplaysanimportantroleinbuildingasecureandhealthyfoodsystem.说明是食品安全(security)。故选D。7.A.identified B.cultivatedC.exploited D.valued【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:当生物多样性被开发、土地被开垦为农业用地,栖息地大量丧失,无记录的物种流失和大规模水土流失也在发生。identified辨别;cultivated耕种;exploited开采、开发;valued重视。下文landisclearedforagriculture,extensivehabitatlosstakesplace说明该空是说物种多样性被开发(exploited)利用。故选C。8.A.initiatives B.consequencesC.intentions D.contributions【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:野生动物保护的另一个好处是,这些意图能保护人类健康。initiatives主动性;consequences结果;intentions意图、目的;contributions贡献。该处应该是说人们保护野生动物的意图(intention)。故选C。9.A.Inaddition B.AfterallC.Inparticular D.Bycontrast【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:除此以外,一个促进健康的生态系统和生物多样性的世界,在疾病和人类之间提供了至关重要的缓冲。Inaddition除此以外;Afterall毕竟;Inparticular尤其;Bycontrast对比。根据语境,上下文之间应该用“除此以外”(Inaddition)连接。故选A。10.A.adapted B.turnedC.adjusted D.linked【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:许多研究将哺乳动物物种多样性和生物多样性总体下降与动物性疾病向人类传播的增加联系起来。adapted改编;turned转动;adjusted调节;linked联系在一起。linksth.tosth.意为“将……和……联系起来”,表示哺乳动物物种多样性和生物多样性总体下降与动物性疾病向人类传播的增加联系起来。故选D。11.A.protections B.opportunitiesC.services D.nutrients【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:也许野生动物保护带来的最令人信服的好处是,无论是经济上还是社会上,它都给我们提供了机会。protections保护;opportunities机会;services服务;nutrients营养。根据下文Increasingbiodiversityandhealthyecosystemsimproveagriculturalproductivity,therebyallowingfarmstobecomemore________可知,保护野生动植物给人类提供了机会(opportunity)。故选B。

12.A.standard B.welcomeC.scarce D.profitable【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:增加生物多样性和健康的生态系统能提高农业生产力,从而使农场变得更盈利。standard标准的;welcome欢迎的;scarce缺乏的;profitable盈利的。前文improveagriculturalproductivity说明是盈利的(profitable)。故选D。13.A.discourage B.attractC.forbid D.protect【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:拥有独特物种的健康生态系统吸引来自世界各地的游客,有助于地方经济发展,吸引新的投资。discourage使气馁;attract吸引;forbid禁止;protect保护。下文whichhelpsthelocaleconomyandinvitesinanewfusionofinvestment说明吸引了(attract)游客。故选B。14.A.feellike B.keeponC.setabout D.arguefor【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果我们不立刻采取措施,开始改变我们的方式,我们面临失去更重要的和不可替代的生态系统和生物多样性。feellike想要;keepon继续;setabout开始;arguefor为……辩护。前文takeaction说明这里是开始(setabout)做事。故选C。15.A.irreplaceable B.unpredictableC.unlimited D.imbalanced【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果我们不立刻采取措施,开始改变我们的方式,我们面临失去更重要的和不可替代的生态系统和生物多样性。irreplaceable不可取代的;unpredictable不可预测的;unlimited无限制的;imbalanced不平衡的。结合上下文以及根据常识可知,生态系统是不可取代的(irreplaceable)。故选A。Passage3Inone’slife,one

usuallyhaslittleunderstandingofoneself.Whenyousucceed,youmaybevery

1

.Whenyou

2

youmayloseheart.Ifyoudon’tgetathoroughunderstandingofyourself,youmaymisslotsof

3

inlife.

Togetathoroughunderstandingofyourselfistoknow

4

aboutyourself.Youmayrealizeyourstrongpointsandweak

5

.Youmayhopeforawonderfulfuture,butbesurenottoexpecttoomuchbecausenotalldreamscanbe

6

.Youmaybeconfidentenoughto

7

challenges,butfirstyoushouldknow

8

.

Togetathoroughunderstandingofyourself

9

self-appreciation.Maybeyouthinkyouarenotatalltree

10

justsmallgrass,butaslongasyougetfullconfidence,youaresuretofaceanytrouble.

Togetathoroughunderstandingofyourselfalsomeansto

11

yourself.

Whenyouare

12

,findaquietplacesothatyouwon’tbehurt.Whenyouaresad,tellyourfriendsaboutitto

13

themood(心情)intoagoodone.Whenyouaretired,getagoodsleep.Ifyoudon’ttakegoodcareofyourself,you

14

beabletostayawayfromillness.

Soifyougetathoroughunderstandingofyourself,andyouwillgetafull

15

ofyourselfandfindyourlifefullofcolor.

【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。这篇短文主要讲述如何认识自我的问题。认识自我就是要了解自我、赏识自我、善待自我,只有这样,才能掌控自我,让生命充满色彩。1.A.good B.luckyC.pride D.proud【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当你成功时,你可能会非常自豪。根据上文的内容Whenyousucceed可知成功时,肯定是感到自豪的。此处需要形容词proud作表语。故选D。2.A.fail B.winC.beat D.have【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:当你失败时,你可能会失去信心。根据后文内容youmayloseheart可推知,你失败时,可能会丧失信心。故选A。3.A.lessons B.problemsC.chances D.choose【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你不彻底地了解自己,你可能会错过生活中的很多机会。结合上文语境Ifyoudon’tgetathoroughunderstandingofyourself,youmaymisslotsof可推知是指错过生活中的机会(chances)。故选C。4.A.little B.wellC.badly D.worse【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:要彻底了解自己,就必须好好认识自己。根据后文Youmayrealizeyourstrongpoints可知要了解自己,就要好好地认识自己,意识到自己的优点和缺点。故选B。5.A.one B.onesC.it D.those【解析】选B。考查代词辨析。句意:你可能会意识到自己的优点和缺点。根据前文Youmayrealizeyourstrongpoints你可能会意识到自己的优点,此处指“缺点”,用ones代替上文的points,故选B。6.A.realized B.rememberedC.replied D.received【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:你可以憧憬美好的未来,但是不要期望太多,因为不是所有的梦想都能实现的。根据上文butbesurenottoexpecttoomuchbecausenotalldreamscanbe可知对未来不要期待太多,是因为不是所有的梦想都能实现的。故选A。7.A.receive B.seeC.avoid D.meet【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:你可能有足够的信心迎接挑战,但首先你应该知道该做什么。结合后文challenges可知是迎接挑战,meetchallenges“迎接挑战”。故选D。8.A.wheretodo B.whentodoC.whattodo D.howtodo【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意:你可能有足够的信心迎接挑战,但首先你应该知道该做什么。要迎接挑战,肯定首先是要知道该做什么(whattodo)。故选C。9.A.meets B.needsC.tries D.gets【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:要彻底了解自己,就需要自我欣赏。结合后文aslongasyougetfullconfidence,youaresuretofaceanytrouble可知要彻底了解自己,就需要先欣赏自己。故选B。10.A.or B.butC.and D.if【解析】选B。考查连词辨析。句意:也许你认为你不是一棵大树,而是一棵小草,但只要你有充分的信心,你肯定能面对任何麻烦。此处为短语not...but...表示“不是……而是……”。故选B。11.A.takeafter B.runafterC.lookafter D.seeafter【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:彻底了解自己也意味着要照顾好自己。takeafter与……相像;runafter追赶;lookafter照顾;seeafter照看。此处可对应到后文中Ifyoudon’ttakegoodcareofyourself可知是指“照顾自己”,lookafter与takegoodcareof都表示“照顾”。故选C。12.A.angry B.cryC.happy D.ill【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当你生气的时候,找一个安静的地方,这样你就不会受到伤害。后文分别提到了悲伤和疲惫的时候应该怎么做,由此可知,此处也是指有了某一种消极情绪的情况,结合选项angry最符合语境。故选A。13.A.change B.cutC.throw D.show【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:当你难过的时候,告诉你的朋友,让心情变好。根据后文themoodintoagoodone可知难过时找朋友倾诉,是为了把心情变好。故选A。14.A.will B.won’tC.need D.may【解析】选B。考查动词时态。句意:如果你不好好照顾自己,你就无法远离疾病。结合题干可知这是if引导的条件状语从句,从句中为一般现在时表将来,故主句应该用一般将来时,且结合句意可知为否定句,应用won’t。故选B。15.A.pleasure B.knowledgeC.control D.power【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:所以,如果你彻底了解了自己,你就能完全控制自己,你的生活就会多姿多彩。根据上文youwillgetafull可知了解了自己之后,就能完全控制自己,短语getafullcontrolof“完全控制”。故选C。专题能力提升练

二十二限时25分钟Passage1Societyhastheresponsibilityofimprovingthequalityoflifeofdisabledpeople.Youcanjudgeasocietybythewayit

1

andcaresforitsdisabledpopulation.Disabledpeoplearenot

2

oftheirfamiliesnorofthesocietytheybelongto.Infactmanyofthemareableto

3

theirowncareersanddoverywellintheirownfields.Howmanygreatmenofallageswho

4

someformsofdisabilitybutreachedthetopoftheirgreatnessandhelpedshapethelivesofgovernmentsandpeople!

Allofuswill

5

thisstageinourhumanexistence—thatis,beingdisabled.Ifnowyouarephysically

6

,withnophysicalimpairment,timewillcomewhenyouwillgrowold,andyou’llneedthatspecialattention.

7

discoveriesofnewmedicinesandbettermethodsofhealthcare,agreatpartofthepopulationoftheworldcan

8

longer.Soagreatmanywill

9

difficultiesifalleysandpassages,buildingsandstructuresandmeansoftransportationare‘not’suitedtoadisabled-friendlyenvironment.

Society’sgovernmentmustbeableto

10

ramps(斜坡)inbuildingsorstructures,orabarrier-freeenvironment.Theblindorthevisually-impairedmustalsohave

11

tocomputerswithBraille(盲文)system.Thedeafmuteneedassistants,orifnot,theirco-employeesmustbeabletodo

12

languageandspecialchildrenmustbegivenadequatecareandeducation.

13

,onlythoseadvancedcountriescanprovidethesenecessities,andthosedisabledwhoarelivingin

14

countrieshavetostayathome,andhavetobearwithmanybarriers,livingina(n)

15

environment.

【文章大意】残疾人是社会中的弱者,但是残疾人也能够追求热爱的事业,在自己的领域闯出一片天空。社会有责任提高残疾人的生活质量。1.A.handles

B.claims

C.charges

D.cures【解析】选A。根据Societyhastheresponsibilityofimprovingthequalityoflifeofdisabledpeople.Youcanjudgeasocietybythewayit...可知社会有责任改善残疾人的生活。你可以通过一个社会如何处理残疾人和如何照顾残疾人来评判它。2.A.members B.prideC.burdens D.fortune【解析】选C。根据Infactmanyofthemareableto______theirowncareersanddoverywellintheirownfields.可知,残疾人不是家庭和社会的负担。

3.A.demand B.receiveC.dreamof D.seekafter【解析】选D。事实上残疾人也能够追求热爱的事业,在自己的领域闯出一片天空。4.A.benefited B.sufferedC.survived D.defeated【解