【全国大纲1】（步步高）高三英语一轮复习 Unit 10 The world around us精品课件

Unit10Theworldaroundus基础落实Ⅰ.重点单词思忆1.Anoilspillofthatsizewillcausealotof

(环境的)damage.2.Our

(最初的)planwastogocamping,butitwaspouringwithrain.3.She

(致力于，投入于)herselftohercareer.4.Theirmost

(贵重的)belongingswerelockedinsafeinthebedroom.5.Alarge

(包裹)hasarrivedforyou.environmentaloriginaldevotedvaluablepackageⅡ.考纲词汇拓展1.

adj.环境的→

n.环境2.

vt.使适应；改编→

n.适应；适合；改编3.

adj.贵重的；有价值的→

n.价值→

adj.无价的，贵重的→

adj.无价值的，无用的4.

vi.回答；响应→

adj.有责任心的→

n.责任→

n.应答；答复5.

adj.有害的；伤害的→

adj.无害的→

n.&vt.伤害6.

adj.吸引人的；有魅力的→

vt.吸引→

n.吸引；吸引力environmentalenvironmentadaptadaptationvaluablevalueinvaluablevaluelessrespondresponsibleresponsibilityresponseharmfulharmlessharmattractattractionattactiveⅢ.重要短语识记1.in

在危险中；垂危2.die

灭绝；逐渐消失3.

aresult

作为（……的）结果4.lead

导致某种结果5.take

采取措施6.adapt

适应（新环境等）7.makeabig

有很大影响8.

...to献身于……；专心于……9.at

目前；现在10.inthe

在自然环境下11.throw

扔掉dangeroutasoftomeasurestodifferencedevotepresentwildawayⅣ.经典句式再现1.

(我们人类就无法生存)withoutalltheplantsandanimalsaroundus.2.Ifwewanttoliveabetterlifeandhaveabrightfuture,wemustlearn

(避免伤害其他生物).3.Ifweknowmoreaboutwhatcausesendangerment,

(就能及时采取补救措施).Wehumanbeingscouldn’tsurvivetoactinwaysthatdonotharmotherlivingthingswemaybeabletotakemeasuresbeforeitistoolate4.Whenthehabitatofaspeciesischangedordestroyed,theanimalorplant

(就必须适应这种变化或必须找到一个新的家园）.5.ProfessorStevenson,

(致力于保护麋鹿）,gaveatalktoChinesecollegestudentsinBeijing.hastoeitheradapttothechangeorfindanewhomewhohasdevotedhimselftoprotectingthemiludeer6.Ifwethrowawaytoomuch,

（实际上可能就是在抛弃自己的未来）.7.

(保护环境的头一步）istotrytothrowawaylessrubbish.8.Evensmallthings(能使现状大大改观）.wemaybethrowingawayourfutureThefirststeptowardsprotectingtheenvironmentcanmakeabigdifference导练互动重点单词1.leadItwillleadto... (回归课本P65)观察思考Thisroadleadstothefarawayvillage.这条路通向那个遥远的村庄。Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。Thechampionisleadingby18seconds.冠军领先了18秒。归纳拓展lead词性：

&

意思：（1）leadto(=cause)导致，引起（无被动语态）leadtheway带路；示范leadsb.todosth.致使某人做某事leada...life过……的生活takethelead占主要地位；领先，带头（2）leadingadj.最重要的；最成功的leadershipn.领导；领导地位undertheleadershipof在……领导下v.n.引导；通往；导致；领先地位能力转化（1）Thedepartment

(走在世界前列)incancerresearch.（2）Whowill

（领导这个政党）inthenextelection?（3）Withtheboy

(带路),theyhadnodifficultyinfindingJack’shouse.（4）Thebridge

（通向）theisland.（5）He

(使……过着)hisfamilyadog’slife.（6）Hiscarelessness

(导致)thecaraccident.（7）They

(处于领先地位)inbuildingships.ledtheworldleadthepartyleadingthewayleadstoledledtotakethelead2.measure...，wemaybeabletotakemeasuresbeforeitistoolate. (回归课本P66)观察思考Theadministrationhaspromisedtotakemeasurestohelptheunemployed.行政当局已经答应采取措施来帮助失业者。Hemeasuredtheheightofthedesk.他量了书桌的高度。归纳拓拓展measure词词性：：&意思：：haveone’’smeasure已已经经衡量量出某某人的的高低低/能能力takemeasures采采取措措施take/getone’smeasure(=takethemeasureofsb.)量某人的尺寸；估量某人的能力；衡量某人make...tomeasure量身定做withinmeasure适度地withoutmeasure过度地；无限地；充分地measureout量出measureup量好长度；合格；符合标准n.v.措施，，办法法；尺尺寸；测能力力转转化化（1））Anhouris（一一个个度度量量单单位位））oftime.（2））He（量量了了…………的的长长度度））oftheroom.（3））It’’shardto（判判断断他的的能能力力））whenwehaven’’tseenhisworks.（4））Wealthisnotalwaysthe(衡衡量量成成功功与与否否).ameasuremeasuredthelengthmeasurehisabilitymeasureofsuccess3.adapt...,thtothechangeorfindanewhome. (回归课本P66)观察思考Youngkidsoftenadaptthemselvesquicklytoanewenvironment.小孩子往往很快就能适应新环境。Everyoneneedstodosomethingtoadapttothesocialandeconomicalchanges.每个人都要采取措施来适应社会经济的变化。ManyofDickens’bookshavebeenadaptedasfilms.狄更斯的许多书都已改编成电影。归纳纳拓拓展展adapt词词性性：：&意思思：：编；；改改造造；；适适应应（1））adaptto适适应应（（新新环环境境等等））adaptoneselfto使使自自己己适适应应或或习习惯惯于于adaptsth.to使使某某事事物物适适应应或或适适合合adaptfor使使适适合合于于；；为为…………改改编编adapt...as...把把…………改改编编/改改写写成成…………adaptfrom根根据据…………改改写写/改改编编（2））adaptableadj.可适适应应的的；；可可改改编编的的adaptationn.适适应应；；改改编编本本vt.vi.使适适应应;使使适适合合；；改改能力力转转化化———用用恰恰当当的(1)Differentbooksaresometimesadapteduseinschool.(2)Themoviewasadapted

anovel.(3)Oureyesslowlyadapted

thedark.(4)Headaptedhisoldcarengine

monProfessorStevensonexplainedtothestudentsthatthemiludeerhadbeenvery

commoninChinaalongtimeago.(回归课本P68)

观察思考Wheatfieldsandcornfieldsarecommonhere.这儿普遍种植小麦和玉米。Realfriendsshouldhaveeverythingincommon.真正的朋友应该共同拥有一切。归纳拓展common词性：意思：havesomething/nothingincommon(with...)(与……)有/没有共共同之处incommon共同同；共用；共共有outof(the)common不寻寻常的thecommonpeople老百姓commonsense常识；情情理（可作定定语）adj.能力转化(1)AnewbusservicetoTianjinAirportstartedtooperatetwomonthsago.A.normalB.usualC.regularD.common项新的常规的公共汽车服务。A项为“正常的”；B项为“通常的”；C项为“有规律的；固定的；常规的”；D项为“普遍的；常见的”。C(2)Yesterdaymorninghegotupearlierthan,foritwasnota(n)day.A.common;usualB.usual;ordinaryC.usual;normalD.common;ordinaryB5.respondWecanrespondbythinkingaboutnature...(回归课本P69)观察思考Iofferedhimadrinkbuthedidnot.我请他喝酒，，但他未作回回答。Hefailedtorespondtotreatmentanddiedthatevening.因医治无效，，他在那天晚晚上逝世。respond归纳拓展respond词性：：意思：respond(vi.)tosb./sth.(with/bysth.)(用……)回回应某人/事事respondtosth./sb.回答（比answer,replyto正正式）某人/响应某事respondto（（疾病、身体体的受伤部分分）对医疗有有良好反应response(n.)tosb./sth.对某人/某事事物的回答/回复/反应应inresponseto作为为对……的反反应v.回应，回答能力转化(1)She(回复我的信信)withaphonecall.(2)Thedisease(未能能奏效)thedrugs.(3)Thecar（操纵自如如）.(4)Sheopenedthedoor(听到到敲门门后).respondedtomyletterfailedtorespondtorespondswelltothecontrolsinresponsetotheknock重点短短识与与句型型6.indangerWhyaretheyindanger?(回归归课本本P64)观察察思考考Heisindangeroflosinghisjob.他有失失去工工作的的危险险。Shehasbeenverysick,butnowsheisoutofdanger.她一度度病得得很重重，但但现在在已脱脱离危危险。。归纳拓拓展(1)indangerbeindangerof有………的的危险险outofdanger脱离离危险险fullofdanger充充满危危险Thereisadangerof...有………的的危险险adangerto...对对………是一一个危危险(2)dangerousadj.危险险的endangerv.危害，，危及及（某某人/某事事物））；使使遭受受危险在危险险中；；垂危危能力转转化(1)Accordingtorecentreports,oneoftherareanimals,crocodile,isindangerofdyingout.A.a;theB./;aC./;theD.the;/(2)Thewoundedpolicemanseemedtobeoutofthoughhisconditionwasserious.A.controlB.dangerC.placeD.orderDB(3)Asweallknow,tigersandpandasarenow,buttigersaretopeople.A.dangerous;dangerousB.indanger;indangerC.indanger;dangerousD.dangerous;indangerC7.dieoutManyoftheearth’splantsandanimalshavealreadydiedout,...(回回归课本本P66)观察思考考Thatcustomdiedoutyearsago.那种风俗俗许多年年前就消消失了。。Withthedeathofthefifthearl,thisoldfamilyhaddiedout.随着第五五伯爵之之死，这这个老世世家就绝绝后了。。拓展辨析析dieof,diefrom,diedown,dieout,dieoff,dieaway(1)dieof指指由于内内因，死死于疾病病、衰老老、饥饿饿、悲伤等。(2)diefrom指由由于外伤伤、外界界原因、、粗心、、不注意意、劳累过度度等而死死。(3)diedown(火火、光线线、兴奋奋、暴风风雨等)渐弱，，渐息；（声声音）静静下来。。(4)dieout绝种，，灭绝；；熄灭；；（风俗俗、习惯惯等）逐渐消失失。(5)dieoff（家族族、种族族等）相相继死亡亡；（草草木）先后枯死死。(6)dieaway(声声音、光光线、风风等)渐渐弱，渐渐息，平平息。能力转化化用dieof,diefrom,diedown,dieout,dieoff填空（1）Thebabyafever.（2）Heachestwound.（3）Ittookalongtimefortheexcitementto.（4）Thiskindofanimalhasintheworld.（5）Thedeerintheforestareallfromlackofwater.（6）Manyoldcustomsaregradually.diedofdiedfromdiedowndiedoutdyingoffdyingout8.makeabigdifferenceEvensmallthingscanmakeabigdifference.(回归归课本P67)观察思考Changingschoolsmadeabigdifferencetomylife.转学对我的的一生有着着重大影响响。Idon’tthinkitmakesalotofdifferencewhatcolouritis.我认为颜色色无关紧要要。归纳拓展makeabigdifferencemakenodifference没有影影响makealotof/allthedifference有有很大影响响/使大不相同makenodifferenceto...对对……没有有作用或影影响tellthedifferencesbetweenAandB区区别A和B有很大影响响/关系能力转化(1)It(没有影响响)tomewhethershegoesornot.(2)Thesnow（没有多大影响响）totheproject.makesnodifferencedidn’’tmakemuchdifference9.devote...toProfessorStevenson,whohasdevotedhimselfprotectingthemiludeer,...(回归课本本P68)观察思考Theydevotetheirlivestocaringforthesick.他们投身于于对病人的的护理中。。Hedevotedhisattentiontothestudyofbiology.他专心致力力于研究生生物学。to归纳拓展devote...to(把……用用在；把………献给)sb.bedevotedto专专心致志于于；忠于；；很喜欢（（to为介词）（2）devotevi.(与to连用)献献身；专心心于devotedadj.热爱的；；忠诚的devotionn.忠实；专专心献身于………;专心于于……(1)devoteoneselftimeone’slifemoneyenergyto（prep.）sth.doingsth.能力转化(1)他开开始研究生生态学，并并决心将他他的一生奉奉献于这门科学。Hestartedtostudyecologyanddecidedto.(2)他忠忠实朋友的的去世使他他很悲痛。。Thedeathofmadehimsad.(3)他仍仍专心致力力于化学研研究。Hethestudyofchemistry.devotehiswholelifetothesciencehisdevotedfriendwasstilldevotedto10.usedtotheirenvironment;thatis,theyhavelearnthowtolivesuccessfullyintheirhabitat.它它们习惯了它们的环境，，也就是说，，它们已经知知道怎样成功地生活。典例体验somuchatlunchtime.我不习惯午饭饭吃那么多。。IfoundthejobtiringatfirstbutIsoontoit.起初我觉得这这份工作很累累人，但很快快就习惯了。。TheyareallI’mnotusedtoeatinggotused归纳拓展（1）be/getusedtodoingsth.表示其中to为，后接名词、、代词或动名名词。注意：beusedto(doing)sth.是延续续性动词词组组，而getusedto(doing)sth.是非延续续性动词词组组。这就意味味着前者可与与表示一段时时间的状语连连用，而后者者则不可。（2）usedtodosth.表示，隐含现在不不这样做了，，其中to是是不定式符号号，后接动词词原形。（3）beusedtodosth.表示。此结构是被被动语态，其其中use为为实义动词，，意为用，使使用”。“习惯于做事事”介词“过去常常做做某事”“被用来做某某事”拓展辨析usedtodo,woulddo（1）在表示示过去重复的的习惯动作时时，usedto可用用would代代替。（2）usedto强强调过去的行行为同现在的的对比，含有有“过去怎样，，而现在却不不这样了”的的含义；而would则单纯表示过过去的习惯性性动作，常与与often,everyday等连用用，该动作现现在仍有可能能发生。（3）表示过过去的状态，，只能用usedto，不用would。能力转化(1)Inmyopinion,lifeinthetwentyfirstcenturyismucheasierthan.A.thatusedtobeB.itisusedtoC.itwasusedtoD.itusedtobe解析表示“过去常常常……”用用usedtodo...,并且本本题中中动词词原形形be不能能省略略。D(2)我习习惯喝喝啤酒酒已两两年了了。Ibeerfortwoyears.He

everypennyheearnedonbooks.(4)在沙漠中，骆驼是用来驮东西的。Inthedesert,thecamelgoods.havebeenusedtodrinkingusedtospendisusedtocarry【例1】ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleavecouldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage——almostentirelyuptoluck.(江江苏高高考)A.asB.thatC.whichD.what解析分析句句子结结构，，leave需需要一一个宾宾语；；couldbe需需要一一个主主语，，所以以要选选一个个能引引导宾宾语从句句且能能在句句子中中作主主语的的词，，只有有what能满满足要求求。课文原原文Stevealsowantsustothinkaboutwhatwedo.D【例2】Themedicineworksmoreeffectivelyyoudrinksomehotwateraftertakingit.(浙浙江高高考)A.asB.untilC.althoughD.if解析句意为为：吃吃了这这种药药之后后，如如果你你再喝喝些热水，，那么么它会会更起起作用用。分分析两两个句句子可可知后后者是前前者的的条件件。课文原原文Ifwefindoutmoreaboutwhatweshoulddo,wecanhelpSteveandotherslikehimkeepanimalsandplants—andourselves—frombecomingendangered.D【例3】Agreatmanshowshisgreatnessthewayhetreatslittlemen.(福福建高高考)A.underB.withC.onD.by解析句意为为：伟伟人通通过他他对待待小人人物的的方式式显出其伟伟大。。四个个选项项中，，只有有by能表表示““通过…………方方式式””。。课文文原原文文Stevesaysthatwecanhelpbycreatingmorespaceforanimalsandplants.D【例4】——Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?—Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorder.(福建高考考)A.astoldB.asaretoldC.astelling D.astheytold解析astold=astheyweretold,此处是as引导的方式状语语从句的省略略。当从句主主语与主句主主语一致，且谓谓语动词含有有be时，将将从句的主语语和be省略。又又因为workers与与tell之之间是被动关关系，排除C、D。。课文原文...butwedon’talwaysdoaswesay.A自主检测Ⅰ.品句填词词1.Thepatientdidn’t(回答)welltothenewdrug.2.Giveupthebadhabitofsmoking,becauseitis(有害的)toyourhealth.3.The(环境的)problemscausedbythelocalindustryhavethreatenedthepeople’snormallife.4.Thepressingsituationforcedhimtochangehis(最初的)intentionlater.5.Thisisoneofthemost(有价值的)lessonsIhavelearned.respondharmfulenvironmentaloriginalvaluable6.Sometimestheeyecatching(包装)mayleadthewomantobuythethingsthatareuselessatall.7.Itisveryimportantforastudenttoget(有条理的)tostudyhisorherlessonswell.8.Xiamenisavery(吸引人的)andlivelycity,whichattractslotsoftouristseveryyear.9.Hehas(奉献)hiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.10.Thepriceofallbuilding(材料)hasgoneup.packageorganizedattractivedevotedmaterialsⅡ.用所给词词的适当形式式填空1.(devote)tohisresearchwork,theprofessorcaredlittleaboutanyotherthings.2.Themankepthiseyes(fix)onhisbabyforquitesometime.3.Thelittleboy,(make)twoattemptstoclimboverthefenceofthegarden,decidedtohaveanothertry.4.—Howmanypapersgotprizes,doyouknow?—About300paperswere(present)atthemeeting,butonly50ofthemgotprizes.DevotedfixedHavingmadepresented5.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan(keep).6.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief(catch).7.Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,(work)intheclothingindustry.8.Thegovernmenttake(measure)tocontrolpollution.keptBeingcaugworkmeasuresⅢ.翻翻译译句句子子1.当当你你去去一一个个新新国国家家时时，，必必须须使使自自己己适适应应新新的的风风俗俗习惯惯。。（（adaptto））Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmustadaptyourselft2.在事故中她受了重伤，结果她死了。（asaresult）

Shewasinjuredseriouslyintheaccident.Asaresult,shedied.3.熬夜太晚导致他起床晚了。（leadto）

Stayinguptoolateledtohisgettinguplate.4.退退休休后后，，他他将将致致力力于于园园艺艺。。（（devote...to...））Afterhehasretired,hewilldevotehimselftogardening.5.很很多多动动物物将将要要灭灭绝绝，，所所以以我我们们必必须须采采取取措措施施来来阻阻止它它们们遭遭受受猎猎杀杀。。（（takemeadoing）

Alotofanimalsaredyingout,sowemusttakemeasurestokeepthemfrombeinghunted.Ⅳ.单单句句改改错错1.Ifwereusesomethingagain,itwillnotendupaswaste.2.Hewasbusydoingtheorganizationofanewclub.3.WhatdoyousuggestIwoulddo?4.Thereislargeamountsofcoaltobesentthere.5.Herespondedmysuggestionwithalaugh.reuse→→use或去去掉againdoing→→withwould→→should或去掉wouldis→areresponded后加加to6.Hewasreducedtobegforfood.7.I’lldoallthatIcanhelpyou.8.Everyoneshouldstudyfrompastmistakestoavoidfutureones.9.Shespentthelastdayofhervacationgivinggiftsandtookafinallookaroundthevillage.10.Wemustfindawaytodealingwiththisproblemwell.beg→begginghelp前加加tostudy→→learntook→takingto→of或或dealing→dealⅤ.单项填空空1.Asisknowntoall,pandaisindangerofdyingout.A.a;aB./;/C.the;/D.the;the解析依据固定短语语indangerof排除A、D两项。。英语中常用““the+单单数可数名词词/可数名词词复数”表示类别，故故排除B项。。C2.shouldbetoprotecttheriversandlakesfrombeingpolluted.A.Ameasure;takenB.Measures;madeC.Ameasure;madeD.Measures;taken解析句意为：应该该采取措施来来保护河流和和湖泊不受污染。measure作“措施施；手段”讲讲时，常用复数形式，排排除A、C两两项；“采取取措施做某事事”用takemeasurestodosth.，，本句使用了了被动语态。故选D项。D3.HebegantheresearchwhichhiswinningtheNobelPrize.A.belongedto B.ledtoC.causedto D.broughtto

解析句意为：他开始的这个研究使他获得了诺贝尔奖。belongto属于；leadto导致；cause后面不接to；bringto使恢复知觉；（航海）停船。根据句子语境，这里选B项最合适。B4.Somecannevergoabout4,000metres,becausetheirbodyisunabletotheseextremeconditions.A.adopttoB.adjustC.adapttoD.admire解析adaptto适适应，，符合合句意意。句句意为为：有有些人根本本不能能去4000米以以上的的地方方，因因为他他们的的身体无法法适应应这样样的极极限环环境。。C5.Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alargeofdesertcoveredtheland.A.number;hasB.amount;hasC.number;haveD.amount;have解析alargenumberof后接接可数数名词词复数数，首首先排除除A、、C两两项；；“alargeamountof+不不可数数名词””作主主语时时，谓谓语动动词用用单数数形式式。故故答案案为B项项。B6.Iadviseyoutotakeschoolmoreseriously,otherwiseyou’llhavetogooutandwork.A.asaresult B.nowandthenC.inawordD.atthatmoment解析句意暗示ifyoudon’ttakeschoolmore