不定式的几种形式解读

Grammar:Infinitive不定式的几种形式主动被动一般进行完成完成进行todotobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone必需驾驭的几点:1.只能跟不定式做宾语的动词:,afford,attempt,expect,hope,manage,agree,pretend,wish,offer,fail,plan,decide,promise,intend,refuse,seem,want,happen他们设法放火烧了那座宾馆.他们未能刚好签署那项协议.Theymanagedtosetfiretothehotel.Theyfailedtosigntheagreement.2.要求用不定式做宾补的动词:ask,tell,invite,force,get,allow,wish,want,expect,advise,encourage,persuade,permit,order,warn,cause等.另外,besaid/report/expectedtodo当沙尘暴攻击这座城市时,专家建议我们不要出门.Whenthesandstormstruckthecity,expertsadvisedusnottogoout.据说他们那天遭遇了飓风.Theyaresaidtohavebeencaughtinahurricanethatday.据报道火灾发生时他们正在丈量土地.Theyarereportedtobemeasuringfieldswhenthefireoccurred.他们被迫把家具搬出房屋.Theywereforcedtomovethefurnitureout.留意:下列两种状况中的宾补用动词原形:1.使役动词let,make,have后.医生要我在床上躺一个星期.(被动)2.感官动词notice,observe,watch,see,lookat,find,hear,listento,feel等后.你看火山喷发了么?Thedoctormademelieinbedfor…=Iwasmadetoliein…Didyouseethevolcanoerupt/

erupting()?全过程正在进行3.几个区分:stop,goon,remember,forget,try,mean,regret我忘了把那些证据销毁.别发牢骚了.我们没有足够的时间了.我很懊悔跟他交换了戒指.这就意味着他们不能接受更好的教化.I’veforgottentoruintheevidence.Stopcomplaining.Wehaven’tenoughtime.Iregretexchangingringswithhim.Thismeanstheirnotreceivingbettereducation.4.need,want,requiredoing=tobedone这些死鸡须要掩埋.什么引起的这些自然灾难?这个问题须要思索.Thesedeadchickenneedburying.=Whathascausedthenaturaldisasters?Thisproblemwantsconsidering.=…needtobeburied.…wantstobe~ed.5.but,except,besides,otherthan作“除了…以外”解时,若前面部分有行为动词do(非助动词)的各种形式如do,did,done等时,but之后接dosth.反之,后接todosth.Hecandonothingbutwait.Hedidn’twantanythingbuttoplayinthepark.E.g.:Shecoulddonothingbut_____(cry).Whatdoyouliketodobesides______(swim)?Ihavenochoicebut_________(wait).Therewasnothingformetodoother

than______(wait)untilthemeetingwasover.Ihadnothingtodobut______(watch)TV.

cryswimtowaitwaitwatch2.当句子的谓语动词是can’t,can’thelp,can’tchoose等结构时,but,except后的不定式to也省略,常译为不得不。E.g.:Wecan’tbutadmirehisbravery.Wecan’tchoosebutwait。SheissuchalovelygirlthatIcan’thelpbutloveher.1.Sandycoulddonothingbut_____tohisteacherthathewaswrong.A.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.toadmitLet’strysomeexercises2.---Howdidyouspendyourweekend,Jone?---Ididn’tfindanythinginterestingforme___somewashinginsteadofmymother.A.butdidB.butdoC