北师大高一英语模块一Unit3常用词

UnitThree常用词用法及配套练习ByLiuDaxun,retiredteacherFromHuangshanMiddleSchoolinclude

include包括。短语：includehimamong(in,with)myfriends把他看作朋友；Everybodyhadsomethingtosay,meincluded/includingme所有的人，包括我在内，都有话要说；用法：（1）、include的两种分词形式表达的形式两样,意思一样。(当所包含的内容在include后时用including。若在其前时用included)。如：YoucanhavetendaysoffincludingSunday./Sundayincluded.在论及整体情况后，如需补充说明“整体所包含的部分”时，常用介词including来引导，including前用逗号。（2）、include属于静态动词，一般不能用于进行时态，类似的有：love/believe/hear/seem/dislike/want/feel/impress/wish等。include后接名词、动名词，不接不定式。如：Ourthree-daytourincludedvisiting/avisitsomewhere.比较：including短语在意思上实际与句中表示一定数量的相关具有同位关系，表示的数量包含在句中相关数量之中。如：Everybodyhadsomethingtosayincludingme/meincluded.besides表示的数量应该加到句中相关数量上去。如：WehavefourcoursesbesidesEnglish.except表示的数量应该从句中相关总量中减去。如：Idesirednothingexcepttoreturnhome.couldn’tcontainoneselfforjoy高兴得不能自制；Tencontainfiveandtwo十可被五和二除尽；contain指“包含的是全体”，而include包含的是部分，包括在内作为整体的一部分。如：Thisbookcontains40maps,includingthreeofGreatBritain.contain是指“实际装进了、容纳了的量而言”，而hold是指本身的“实际容量或容纳能力而言”。如：Thebottlecontainsseveralouncesofliquid,butitholdsaquart.①Thebook___40maps,___threeofGreatBritain.A.contains;containingB.includes;includingC.includes;containingD.contains;including②Presentatthemeetingwereallimportantpeople,___somescientists.A.includedB.andincludedC.includingD.toinclude③Thebookcostme12yuaninall,postage___.A.includedB.includingC.includesD.isincluded④Thoseoldpots,___theonewithaflyingdragononit,___32000Chineseancientcoins.A.included;includeB.containing;containC.including;containD.including;include⑤Vegetablesliketomatoes___richvitamins.Theyaregoodforourhealth.A.containB.containsC.includeD.includesDCCAAcelebrate

celebrate庆祝。短语：celebrateavictory庆祝胜利；celebration庆祝、庆祝会；incelebrationof庆祝；hold/haveacelebration举行庆祝会；forthecelebration为了祝贺、以庆祝；①Thewholefamilyheldagrandparty___hisreturn.A.tocongratulateB.incelebrationofC.celebratedD.inordertocelebrateon②Mydaughterhaspassedtheexam．Congratulations！She’sreallyintelligent．___.A．No，no，sheisnothingB．Oh，thankyou！C．Sometimessheisintelligent．D．Youareright．③We___hispassingthecollegeentranceexam.A.congratulatedhimonB.celebratedhimonC.congratulatedD.celebratedhimfor④Thepress___hisbravenessinfightingthethief.A.congratulatedB.celebratedC.congratulationsD.celebrationBBBApower

power权力、势力、力、力量。短语：doeverythinginone’spowertohelp尽力帮助；powerstation发电站；comeinto/topower掌权、执政；inthepowerof=atthemercyof在……掌握之中、任……摆布；inpower当权；takepower当权、执政；用法：power前有限定词时，其后跟of+动名词。如：Hehasthepoweroforderingusabout.power前无限定词时，其后跟不定式。如：Themanagerhaspowertofireaworker.①Nextcameahorse,swimmingbravely,butwewereafraidthatthe___ofthecurrent(水流)wouldpreventitslandinganywherebeforeitbecameexhausted(耗尽的、疲惫的).A.powerB.forceC.strengthD.energyC②ThestorywrittenbySimonisaboutaman,whoturnedhisgunbackathisfellowfighterswhenhecameinto___.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.official③I’lldoeverythinginmy___tohelpyouout.A.energyB.powerC.rightD.reach④WhenHitler___inGermany,Einsteinfoundthedoorsofstudy___him.A.cameintopower;closedtoB.wasinpower;shuttingagainstC.tookpower;closingtoD.seizedpowers;shutagainst⑤Theillnesshasleftherwith___.A.weakB.littlepowerC.littlestrengthD.littleforceAABCdestroy

destroy破坏、毁坏、分裂。反义词organize短语：destroytheoldworldandbuildthenewone破坏旧世界建设新世界；比较：damage指伤害人或物，使其失去价值、用途或外表，含有对价值或效果造成的损失。如：Thecropswerebadlydamagedbythefloods.harm指物质、精神或肉体上的损害，强调痛苦和损失的影响。如：Theworkershavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachines.injure无论是肉体、心灵上，还是价值、名誉的损失都可用。如：Heinjuredanarminacaraccident.destroy彻底毁坏，不能修复使用，有毁灭的意思。ruin破坏、毁坏，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。配套练习：①Anearthquakestruckthisarea,___alotofdamage.A.makingB.causingC.doneD.caused②Hisselfishnessandgreedinessatlastbroughthimto___.A.ruinsB.ruinC.damageD.damagesBB③Hishousewasslightly___inthisflood.A.ruinedB.destroyedC.damagedD.broken④Thehousewhich___inthefirelastyear___.A.destroyed;wasbelongedtomeB.destroyed;belongtoIC.wasdestroyed;belongedtomineD.wasdestroyed;belongedtome⑤Hiscamerawas___byhisson.Hehadtohaveitrepairedatonce.A.hurtB.woundC.destroyedD.damaged⑥Hisbikewassobadly___thatitcouldn’tberepairedatall.A.destroyedB.ruinedC.damagedD.damagingCCDDdecorate

decorate装饰、修饰。短语：Thehallisdecoratedwithredflags礼堂里悬挂着红旗；decorate…withsth用某物装饰……；①Inthewesterncountries,peopleliketodecoratetheirhouses___holly___Christmas.A.with;inB.with;onC.with;atD.about;at②Allthestreetswere___withflagstowelcometheChinesedelegation.A.furnishedB.decoratedC.suppliedD.providedCBserve

serve招待、服务、端上（饭菜等）。短语：serveas=actas=workas充当、担任；serveon担任；Makethepastservethepresent古为今用；servethecitywithgas为城市供应煤气；Thesofaservedtheboyas/forabed沙发用作小孩的床；servetwotermsaspresident任两届总统；servesomebodytea/serveteatosomebody给某人端上茶；Theboxservedasatable箱子用作桌子；WhatmayIserveyouwith?你要什么（售货员）？serveasummonsonsomebody/servesomebodywithasummons向某人送传票；servesomebodywell很好地侍候某人；Letthosewhocandoserveasteachers能者为师；somethingservestodosomething起……作用；用法：servesomebody为某人服务，不用for。Ourcookhas___thefamilyfor20years.A.servedB.servedinC.servedonD.servedasAapply

apply使用、适用。短语：applyforajob求职；applyoneselftosth致力于；applyone’smindto专心于；applytosbforsth适用、向某人申请；applysomethingto把……施用于；配套练习：①Ifyouareinterestedinthejob,youcanwritetoourcompanyand___.A.applyforitB.applyitforC.bidforitD.applytoit②Everyyearmanycollegegraduates___thecompany___ajob.A.appliedto;forB.appliedfor;toC.applyfor;toD.applyto;forADdepend

depend依靠。短语：dependonsomebodytodosomething指望某人做某事；dependonhertobelate/dependonherarrivingontime别指望她不迟到；dependuponit毫无疑问、没错；Heisthemantobedependedupon他这人靠得住；It(all)depends…靠……决定(on可省)；用法：(1)、dependon后可接连接副词引导的从句，不能用if，而要用whether引导。意为“依……而定”。如：Thisdependsonwhetherthemedicineiseffective.(2)、dependon/upon和relyon/upon不直接接从句，若要接从句这个从句要放在it之后。如:Idependuponitthathewillwanttocome.①Idon’tthinkheistherightperson___.A.todependonB.thatIcandependC.IcandependonD.tobedepended②Youmaydepend___itwon’thappenagain.A.thatB.onthatC.onitD.onitthat③Wouldyoucomeoverforsupperthisevening?I’dliketo,but___.A.I’llneverknowB.italldependsC.thatdependsonD.mymotherwon’tpromisemeto④I’mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseit___theweather.A.linkswithB.dependsonC.connectstoD.decideson⑤IpromiseIwillgoshoppingwithyoutomorrow.Youcan___.A.dependB.believeC.dependonmeD.bedependedCCDBBentrance

entrance入口、入场、进入。短语：(at)entranceto/oftheschool在学校的入口处；makeone’sentrance入场；Noentrance闲人免进；entrancefree免费入场；anentranceexam入学考试；backentrance后门；entranceinto/tocollege进入大学；enter进入；entry进入、加入；①Congratulationsonyourpassingthecollege___exam!Thankyou.A.enteringB.entranceC.entryD.entered②China’s____intoWTOisahistoriceventinChinesehistory.A.enterB.enteringC.entryD.havingentered③Thechildrenweresurprisedbythesudden___oftheirteacher.A.enterB.entranceC.entryD.comeBCCinvite

invite邀请。短语：invitesomebodytodosomething邀请某人做某事；invitesomebodytosomewhere邀请某人去某地；invitesuggestions/opinionsfromsomebody征求某人的建议(意见)；invitesomebodyto/foradinner邀请某人吃饭；invitetroubleindoingsomething做某事是自找麻烦(invite招致)；inviteouropinionofherstory征询我们对她的故事的意见；feelinvited感到受吸引；someinvitinggoods一些吸引人的货物；用法：当面邀请某人时用：Willyoucometotheparty?不可说：MayIinviteyoutotheparty.①Hefelt___togoandhavealook.A.invitingB.invitedC.inviteD.beinginvitedB②Beforecarryingouttheplan,we’vedecidedto___suggestionsfromsomeexpertsfirst.A.giveB.inviteC.wantD.askafter③AreyougoingtoattendhisweddingpartyonSaturday?No,evenif___.A.invitingB.toinviteC.havinginvitedD.invited④Don’tbedisappointedfornot___tothepartyforitwasnot___atall.A.inviting;invitingB.invited;invitedC.havingbeeninvited;invitingD.beinginvited;beinginviting⑤Thenumberofscientists___totheconferencewas150,butmanymorecamewithout___.A.invited;invitingB.wereinvited;invitingC.wereinvited;invitationD.invited;beinginvitedBDDCattend

attend出席、参加、看护、照料、服侍。短语：attendto予以关注、护理、处理；attendtoone’swork做(好)自己的工作；attendupon/on侍候、陪（特指医生、护士护理病人，不用on与upon）；attendat(church)出席、参加；attend/gotoameeting参加会议；callameeting召集会议；hold/haveameeting举行会议；presideover/chairameeting主持会议；用法：（1）、attend表示去某一个应该去的地方，意为“出席”。如：Ishallbeattendingthemeetingnextweek.还可说：attendschool/church/alecture，不说：attendthecinema/aconcert；（2）、attend后跟名词，意为“注意到、处理”。如：AttendtowhatIamsaying(=payattentionto).(3)、attend作及物动词，常用于被动句子中。如：Ourplanwasattendedwithgreatdifficulty.