初中英语中考复习 中考英语情态动词和虚拟语气考点击破及50道精选试题训练

中考英语情态动词和虚拟语气考点击破——50道精选试题训练考点一、can/could的用法1.表示能力,意为“能,会”。could是can的过去式。JimcanspeakEnglish,buthecan'tspeekChinese.吉姆会说英语,但是他不会说汉语。Noonecouldanswerthisquestion没有人能回答这个问题。注意can与beableto的区别(1)can只用于一般现在时和一般过去时中，beableto可用于各种时态。(2)在过去时态的句子中,could仅表示具备能力,不说明是否实施了能力;而beableto侧重有能力且经过努力而成功做成了某事。2.表示推测意为“可能”常用于否定句和疑问句中。could既可以表示过去的可能性,又可以表示现在的可能性,其语气更弱一些。Thatmancan'tbemyEnglishteacher.HehasgonetoCanada.那个男子不可能是我的英语老师。他已经去加拿大了。Helookssoyoung.Hecouldn'tbeoverfifty.他看起来这么年轻,不可能50多岁了。3表示请求或允许,多用于口语中。could表示委婉的请求或看法,但是答语只能用can。Canyoubringyourfootballtoschool?你可以带你的足球来学校吗?—Couldyouhelpmeworkouttheproblem？你能帮我做出这道题吗?—Yes,Ican.是的,可以。4.can还可表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况,常用于肯定句中,意为“有时会”。Theclimateinthesouthcanbeprettycoldinwinter.南方的天气在冬天有时也会很冷。Jimcanbeveryannoying吉姆有时会很烦人5.can的习惯用法有:can'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事can'thelpbutdosth.不得不做某事canbutdosth.只好做某事can't......too/enough无论怎么……也不为过WhenItrytospeakEnglish,Icanthelpmakingmanymistakes.当我试图开口说英语时,我总是不由自主地犯许多错误。WecanbutwaituntilMarycomes.我们只好等到玛丽来。Youcan'tbetoocarefultocrosstheroad.过马路时,怎么小心也不为过。考点二、may/might的用法1.表示把握性不大的推测,意为“或许;大概”,可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测,常用于肯定句中。might表示的可能性低于may。WemightgotoAustralia.我们可能去澳大利亚。—Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?你们决定去哪里过暑假了吗?—Notyet.WemaygotoQingdao.Itisagoodplaceforvacation.还没有。我们可能去青岛。那是度假的好地方。2.表示许可或征求对方的意见。给予许可时可用may,但不能用might.MayIaskyoutohelpusraisethemoney？我可以让你帮我们筹钱吗?MightIhaveawordwithyou?我可以和你谈谈吗？3.may还可以用于祈使句中,表示祝愿。Mayallyourdreamscometrue.祝你梦想成真。Mayyouhaveapleasantjourney.祝你旅途愉快。注意maybe是“情态动词+系动词be"结构,意为“可能是”,否定式为maynotbe。maybe是副词,意为“可能，大概”。考点三、must的用法1.mus表示义务,意为“必须”,多指现在或将来的情况,强调说话人的主观意志。It'sgettinglate.Ireallymustgo.时间不早了。我真的必须走了。Wemustbecarefulwhenwerewalkingacrosstheroad.There'retoomanycarsnow.我们过马路时一定要当心。现在路上有很多汽车。注意hayeto强调客观的需要,意为“必须,不得不”;must表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须”。haveto有人称、数和时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。Ihavetoleaveearlytomorrowmorning.明天早上我必须要早点动身。Youdon'thavetotellhimthetruth你没有必要告诉他真相。2.must表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。Youmustbeamiddleschoolstudent.你一定是一名中学生。Thenyoumustbethepersonwearelookingfor.那么你一定就是我们正在找的那个人了。3.must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。若表示“不必,没必要”之意时,应该用needn't或don'thaveto。Youmustn'tdoanycleaningonthefirstdayoftheChineseNewYear在中国新年的第一天你不许打扫任何东西。Youmustn'tparkyourcaronthebusystreet.不许把车停在这条繁忙的街道上。—MustIlearnallthesewordsbyheart?我必须要记住这些单词吗?—Noyouneedn't.It'llbefineifyoucopytheminyourexercisebooks.不用，你在练习本上抄几遍就可以了。考点四、will/would的用法1.表示意愿,可用于各种人称。would是will的过去式,用于过去的情况。—Cansomeonehelpme?有人能帮我一下吗?—Iwill.我来帮你。Marysaidshewoulddoeverythingforhim.玛丽说她愿意为他做任何事情。2.表示征求意见或提出请求,多用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中。would的语气比较委婉。Willyouclosethewindow?Itsverycold请你把窗户关上好吗?太冷了。WouldyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?请你帮我学英语好吗?3.表示习惯或特性带有主观性,意为“总是”。will示现在的习惯,would表示过去的习惯。InCanada,manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeonelse.在加拿大,许多人不给其他人送大件的礼物。Hewouldgototheparkassoonashewasfree.过去他一有空就去公园。注意usedto和would的用法区别usedto表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态且现在已经结束,只能用于一般过去时,含有较强的“今昔对比”的意味。would通常表示过去经常反复发生的习惯性动作,不含有对比意味。Iusedtostudyinanearbyprimaryschool我过去在附近的一所小学上学。Whenhewasachild,hewouldoftengoskiing.小时候他经常去滑雪。考点五、$hall的用法1.shall表示征求对方意见时,主要用于第一、三人称的疑问句中。Whattimeshallweleaveinthemorning?我们早上什么时候离开?ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow明天汤姆和我一起去那里吗?2.用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中表示说话人给对方的许诺命令、警告等。Youshallhaveitbacknextweek.你下周一定要把它还回来。Nooneshallbringphonesintheexam.考试中任何人不准带手机。3.用于第三人称作主语的陈述句中表示条约规定等中的义务或责任,意为“应当,应该”。Accordingtothecontract,theworkshallbefinishedontime.按照合同规定,这项工作应该按时完成。Allpaymentsshallbemadeincash.所有款项都必须用现金支付。考点六、should的用法1.表示义务、责任或劝告等,意为“应该”,可用于各种人称。Youshouldcompleteyourtestontime.你应该按时完成测试。Weshouldprotecttheenvironment.我们应该保护环境。2.表示按照一定的根据进行的推测,常意为“按道理说应该”。Heshouldbeinmyhousenow.他现在应该在我家里。Dinnershouldbereadybynow.现在晚饭应该做好了。3.表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊情感。Canyouimagineasmartmanlikehimshouldmakesuchastupidmistake?你能想象出像他这样聪明的一个人竟然能犯如此愚蠢的错误吗?HowshouldIknowit?我怎么会知道这件事?考点七、need的用法1.need作情态动词时无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,多用于否定句和疑问句中。There'senoughtimeforyoutogototheairport.Youneedn'thurryup.你有足够的时间赶去机场,没有必要着急。Ineedn'tgotoschooltoday.我今天不必去上学。2.由need引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或haveto,否定回答常用needn't.—NeedIanswerthequestion?我需要回答这个问题吗?-Yes,youmust/Yes,youhaveto.是的,你必须回答。/是的,你得回答。No,youneedn't.不,不必了3.need作实义动词时,主要用于肯定句中,有人称和数的变化,后接带to的不定式。其否定式和疑问式都要借助助动词do.Heneedssomemoneytobuyschoolthings他需要一些钱买学习用品。Youdon'tneedtodoityourself.你不必亲自做这件事情。考点八、hadbetter的用法1.hadbetter表示最好……,用来表示劝告或建议,后接动词原形。Youlookquitetired.You'dbetterstoptohaveagoodrest.你看起来相当累。你最好停下来好好休息一下。You'dbettergotohospitalatonce.你最好立即去医院看病2.其否定形式是将not直接放在hadbetter的后面。Youhadbetternotmissthelastbus.你最好不要错过末班车。考点九、情态动词+have+过去分词1.“might+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生行为的推测,把握性较小。意为“想必,也许,可能已经”,否定形式含有“可能不会”之意。Thechildrenmighthavearrivedtherebynow.孩子们现在可能已经到达那儿了。Hemightnothavesettledtheproblem他可能尚未解决这个问题。2.“must+have+过去分词”表示对过去或者已发生行为的肯定推测,只用于肯定句中意为“一定,准是”。Thestudentsareplayingontheplaygroundnow.Theymusthavefinishedtheirhomework学生们正在操场上玩,他们一定是做完作业了。Thestreetiswet.Itmusthaverained街道是湿的,一定下雨了。3.“can/could+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生行为的怀疑或不肯定只用于否定句和疑问句中。Theycan'thavefinishedtheworkthatsoon.他们不可能那么快就做完工作了。4.“should+have+过去分词”表示“过去该做而实际上没有做的事,意为“本应该”;其否定形式表示“不应该发生却发生了的行为”,意为“本不该"。Youshouldhavecomehereearlier.你本应该早点来的。Youshouldn'thavegonetoseethefilmlastnight.Youwilltakeanexamthisafternoon.昨晚你本不该去看电影的,今天下午还要参加考试。5.“needn't+have+过去分词”表示“过去本不必做而实际上已经做了的事”。Weneedn'thavewaitedforhim.我们本不必等他的。考点十、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的某种愿望、假设怀疑、猜测和建议等,常用于纯属假设或实现的可能性不大的情况。情况if从句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式(be动词用were)would/could/should/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/could/should/might+havedone与将来事实相反动词过去式should+动词原形;wereto+动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形1.表示与现在事实相反,if从句用一般过去时,主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形。Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?如果你有100万美元,你会做什么?2.表示与过去事实相反,从句用had+过去分词,主句用would/could/should/might+have+过去分词。Ifithadbeenfineyesterday,wecouldhavewatchedthatairshow.如果昨天天气好的话,我们可能就去看那个航空展览了。3表示与将来事实相反,从句用一般过去时、“wereto+动词原形”或“should+动词原形”,主句用woud/could/should/might+动词原形。Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,theycouldn'tgoout.如果明天下雪,他们就不出去了。【方法技巧】1.—MustIfinishmyhomeworkrightnow?—No,you.A.needn’tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can’t解题技巧:A句意:“我必须现在完成我的家庭作业吗?”“不,你不必。”以must提问的一般疑问句,若表示“没有必要”时,用needn't或don'thaveto回答;若表示“不可能”时,用can’t回答。由本题句意可知选A项。mstn’t意为“禁止,不许”。命题规律:解答有关情态动词的题目时,首先要对勺意进行正确理解,其次要牢记各个情态动词所表达的具体含义及其特殊用法。本题对以must开头的一般疑问句的回答不是直接在must后面加not,而是要根据具体的句意来选择用needn't还是can't进行考查。2.—Who'sthatman?IsitMrBrown?—ThatbemrBrown.Heneverwalksthatway.A.can’tB.mustn'tC.mustD.can解题技巧:A句意:“那个人是谁?是布朗先生吗?”“不可能是布朗先生。他从不那样走路。”can't意为“不可能”,是对现有情况有根据的否定推测,由“Heneverwalksthatway”可知,本题选A项。命题规律:can可以表达两方面含义,一是侧重能力的“可以;能够”;一是表示推测的“可能”;其对应的否定回答是can't“不能;不可能”,是对现有情况的有根据的否定推测,而mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。中考英语常将can't与must't混合一起进行考查,考生要注意区分两者之间的差别。专项训练1.—MustIwatertheflowersnow,mum?

—No,you

.You

doitlater.A.mustn’t;must

B.mustn’t;may

C.needn’t;may

D.needn’t;must

2.—_____Iknowbywhattimeyouwanttheprojecttobedone?—Bythedayaftertomorrow._______youfinishitontime?A.May;Can

B.Must;Need

C.Could;Must

D.Need;Would

3.—Who’ssinginginthegarden?

—It______beMr.Brown.Healwayspracticessingingatthistime.

A.must

B.can’t

C.need

4.I______followyou.Wouldyoupleaserepeatit?A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t

5.—MustIhandinmyhomeworknow,Mr.Smith?

—No,you_______.

A.can’t

B.shouldn’t

C.wouldn’t

D.needn’t

6.—Excuseme,mayIkeepthebookalittlelonger?

—Sorry.You________returnittoday.

A.must

B.mustn’t

C.can

D.can’t

7.—IsthemanoverthereMr.Brown?

—It______him.Hehasgoneto

Braziltowatchthe2014FIFAWorldCup.

A.maynot

B.can’tbe

C.shouldn’t

D.mustn’t

8.Children_______sitinthefrontseatofacar.It’stoodangerous.A.need

B.needn’t

C.must

D.mustn’t

9.—Iforgottobringmydictionary.CouldIuseyours?

—Yes,you______.A.can

B.must

C.could

D.should

10.Themanisfeelingmuchbetternow,soyou______calladoctor.A.needn’t

B.can’t

C.mustn’t

D.

shouldn’t

11.Ifyou_____smoke,pleasegooutside.

A.can

B.may

C.must

D.might

12.Afteryoureadthearticle“Whyfastfoodisslowlykillingyou”,you_____stopeatingfastfood.A.can

B.may

C.haveto

D.should

13.Lookatthe“Noparking”sign.You_____parkyourcarhere.A.should

B.must

C.needn’t

D.mustn’t

14.We______paytogetintotheconcert.It'sfree.A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.mightnot

D.don’thaveto

15.—MayItakethismagazineoutofthereadingroom?—No,you_______.Youreaditinhere.A.mightn’t

B.won’t

C.needn’t

D.mustn’t

16.—_______youleavenow?Youonlyarrivedhereanhourago.—Sorry,butsomuchhomeworkiswaitingforme.A.May

B.Must

C.Can

D.Might

17.—MustIgotolawschoolandbealawyerlikeyou,dad?

—No,you_______,son.You’refreetomakeyourowndecision.

A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t

18.Hereismyphonenumber.You_______callmeanytimeyoulike.

A.must

B.can

C.should

D.need

19.—Let’sgoclimbing,shallwe?

—You_______bejoking!Don’tyouknowI’mafraidofhighplaces?

A.may

B.can

C.must

D.should

20.—Areyouinterestedinshoppingonline?

—Notsomuch.We_______seerealproductsbutpictures.

A.shouldn’t

B.can’t

C.mustn’t

D.needn’t

21.—Couldyoupleasehaveawalkwithme?

—Sorry,I_______.Ihavesomethingimportanttodo

A.mustn’t

B.needn’t

C.can’t

D.maynot

22.—Bob,whereisLinda?

—She_______beinthelibrary,butIamnotsure.

A.must

B.may

C.need

D.hasto

23.—Mustwetakeoutthetrashnow?

—_______.Youcandoitafterclass.

A.Yes,youmust

B.No,youcan’t

C.Yes,youmay

D.No,youneedn’t

24.—Lingling,canIuseyoure-dictionary?

—Sure.Butyou_______returnitafterclass.

A.must

B.can

C.may

D.would

25.—Look,someoneleftabook.

—Oh,yeah…Thisbook_______beKitty’s.Onlyshelikestoreadthiskindofbooks.

A.can

B.must

C.may

D.might

26.—Isthelong-hairedmanBruce?

—No,it_______behim.He’sinNewYorknow.

A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.maynot

27.People_______waituntilthetrafficbecomesgreen.That’sthetrafficrule.

A.must

B.can

C.need

D.may28.-IsLucyknockingatthedoor?-No.It________beLucy.SheisinJapannow.A.needn't

B.must

C.can't29.Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible________joinusforthecharityshowtomorrow.A.need

B.can

C.must

D.should30.-Let'sgototheconcerttonight,Michael!-Sorry,I_______.IhavetohelpmymotherwiththehouseworkA.mustn't

B.maynot

C.needn't

D.can't

31.-OurclasswontheEnglishspeakingcontest.-Congratulations!You_______beveryproudofit.A.can

B.need

C.would

D.must32.Ifthetrafficlightisred,you________crosstheroad.It'sverydangerous.A.don't

B.mustn't

C.needn't

D.wouldn't33.-ThesportsshoesmustbeLinda's.-No,they________be.They'retoosmallforher.A.mustn't

B.can't

C.maynot

D.mightnot

34.-Ihavespenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergamesthesedays.-Ithinkso.You_____stop,foryourstudyandyourhealth.A.will

B.must

C.can

D.may35.We________fightagainstpollution.A.may

B.should

C.mustn't

D.needn't36.We_______carefulwhenwearewalkingacrosstheroad.Therearetoomanyvehiclesnow.A.canbe

B.maybe

C.mustbe37.-IsMr.Browndrivinghere?-I'mnotsure.He_______comebytrain.A.may

B.shall

C.need

D.must38.-_________youspeakJapanese?-No,Ican't.A.Can

B.Must

C.May

D.Should39.-Dad,mustIfinishmyhomeworktoday?-No,you________.Youmaydoittomorrow.A.needn't

B.mustn't

C.don't

D.won't40.Thomas,pleasebequiet.Theothers_______hearverywell.A.can't

B.mustn't

C.shouldn't

D.needn't41.-YoumeanthisCD________belongtoVictor?-Yes,ithashisnameonit.A.must

B.may

C.might

D.can42.-Ican'tgiveupsmoking,doctor.-Foryourhealth,I'mafraidyou________.A.may

B.can

C.haveto

D.must43.-Anothercupofcoffee?-No,thanks.I_____beoff.Maryiswaitingforme.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.might44.-I'malittletired.Let'sgotothezoobytaxi.-We

takeataxi.It'snotfarfromhere.A.can't

B.mustn't

C.couldn't

D.needn't45.-Let'sgototheWestHillParkbytaxi.-Oh,itisnotfarawayfromhere.We_______takeataxi.A.couldn't

B.mustn't

C.needn't

D.can't46.-MustIfinishwateringtheflowersnow?-No,you________.A.must

B.won't

C.needn't

D.can't47.-Susanhasboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.-It______beveryexpensive.Ineverevendreamaboutit.A.must

B.might

C.can't

D.shouldn't48.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_______berathercoldsometimes.A.must

B.can

C.should

D.would49.-Listen!IsProfessorJohnsongivingareportinthehall?-No,it

behim.HehasgonetoJapan.A.needn't

B.may