【课件】Unit+3Discovering+useful+structures课件高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

人教版（2019）英语选择性必修三Unit3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONDiscoveringtherules目录Discoveringtherules01Studyingtherules02Applyingtherules03Workingroups.Lookatthesentencesinbothcolumnsanddiscussthedifferencesbetweeneachpair.Summarisetheruleschangingdirectspeechintoindirectspeech.Discoveringtherules01Whataredifferentbetweenthetwosentences?Pleasecirclethem.Howdoesthepunctuationchangeineachsentence?Howdoesthetensechangeineachsentence?Whyshouldwechangetheverbssometimes?Inwhatsituationsshouldweusetheindirectspeech?Discoveringtherules01

基本概念（1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。【点拨】直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等一般均要作相应的变化。直接引语和间接引语Discoveringtherules011.如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时

一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时

现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时“Idon’tknowthat,”hesaid.1.时态变化2.如果直接引语讲的是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Theteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”→Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.Studyingtherules02（1）Theteachersaid，“YouaredoingOK.”→Theteachersaidthat

doingOK.（2）Hesaid，“Ihavewrittenanovel.”→Hesaidthat

anovel.（3）Hesaid，“Shewillcomeheretohavealongholiday.”→Hesaidthat

gotheretohavealongholiday.

（4）Theteachersaid，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”→Theteachersaidthatwherethere

awill，there

away.（5）Janesaid，“Mary，wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouonthebus?”→JaneaskedMarywhere

whenshemetheronthebus.wewerehehadwrittenshewouldisshewasgoingExerciseisStudyingtherules022.人称变化“Idon’tknowthat,”hesaid.一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新。一随主：直接引语中第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。二随宾：直接引语中第二人称变为和间接宾语（即听话人）相一致的人称。第三人称不更新：直接引语中第三人称变为间接宾语时，人称不变。→

Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.Studyingtherules02（1）“Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening，Tom，”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthat

wouldgoandsee

againthatevening.（2）Hesaidtome，“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethat

waswrong.（3）“Areyouasoldier?”heasked.→Heaskedif/whether

wasasoldier.sheIhimIExerciseStudyingtherules02（4）Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff，John?”→HeaskedJohnwhere

wasgoingtogetoff.（5）“Iwillcomehereagaintoday，”shesaid.→Shesaidthat

wouldgothereagainthatday.（6）Hesaid，“Iamlivingwithmycousin.”→Hesaidthat

waslivingwith

cousin.heshehehisExerciseStudyingtherules02变化项目直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthese时间状语nowtoday,tonightthisweek/month…yesterdaytendays/weeks…agotomorrow/nextyear..

地点状语here方向性动词comebringthatthosethenthatday,thatnightthatweek/month…3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。the

daybeforetendays…beforethenextday/year…theregotake注意：以上变化要根据实际情况而定。如果就在当天转述，yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语不必改变；如果就在当地转述，here不必变为there。Studyingtherules02（1）“Iwillcomeandhelpyoutomorrow，John，”shesaid.→ShetoldJohnthatshewould

andhelpher

.（2）“I’llcomeandseeyouagainthisevening，Tim，”hesaid.→HetoldTimthathewouldgoandseehimagain

.（3）MrHarryasked，“John，haveyoupassedtheexamyesterday?”→MrHarryaskedJohnwhetherhehadpassedtheexam

.（4）Theoldmansaid，“Iliketotalkwiththeseyoungmen.”→Theoldmansaidthathelikedtotalkwith

youngmen.（5）Shesaidtome，“Ilivedherefiveyearsago.”→Shetoldmeshehadlived

fiveyears

.thenextdaythateveningthedaybeforethosetherego

beforeExerciseStudyingtherules024.语序变化一般疑问句→由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow等。直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。→Motheraskedmewhether/ifIhadfinishedmyhomework.Motheraskedme,“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?”Studyingtherules02选择疑问句→由whether...or引导的宾语从句。eg“AreyougoingtoBeijingorShanghaifortheholidays?”sheasked.→SheaskedmewhetherIwas

goingtoBeijingorShanghaifortheholidays.反意疑问句→由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句。eg“Youdon’tlikerockmusic,doyou?”hesaid.→Heaskedmewhether/ifIlikedrockmusic.特殊疑问句→由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。“Howmanysleepingpillshaveyoutaken?”askedthenurse.→ThenurseaskedmehowmanysleepingpillsIhad

taken.Theteacherasked,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”→TheteacheraskedmewhereIhadbeen.Studyingtherules02表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语：suggest+doing或ask/advise+宾语+动词不定式。eg“Whataboutstartingearlytomorrowmorning?”Jacksaid.→Jacksuggestedstartingearlytomorrowmorning.“Whydon’tyoutaketherestofthedayoff?”askedmyassistant.→Myassistantadvisedmetotaketherestofthedayoff.祈使句→动词+宾语+不定式。常见引述动词有tell,order,ask,warn。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。egHesaidtoAnn,“Tellmeyourproblem.”→HetoldAnntotellhimherproblem.“Becarefulwiththedog,boys,”shesaid.→Shewarnedtheboystobecarefulwiththedog.“Don’tworkinbed,Tom,”shesaid.→ShetoldTomnottoworkinbed.Studyingtherules02（1）Hesaid，“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hetoldme

he

hisbookinmyroom.（2）Shesaid，“DoyoulikewatchingtheadvertisementsonTV?”→Sheaskedme

I

watchingtheadvertisementsonTV.（3）“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad?”Billasked.→Billasked

theadsforjobsabroad.thatwhetherwhereIhadfoundhadleftlikedStudyingtherules02Exercise（4）“Whatareyoudoingnow?”Momasked.→Momasked

then.（5）Hesaid，“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.” →He

again

.（6）Hesaid，“Don’tmakesomuchnoise，boys.”→Hetoldtheboys

somuchnoise.whatIwasdoingaskedmetogotherenottomake

ExercisethenextdayStudyingtherules02DiscoverusefulstructuresStudyingtherules02DianeaskedwhathadmadeHurricaneKatrinaunusual.Dianeaskedif/whetherithadbeentheworstnaturaldisasterinAmericanhistory.Marthasaid/toldmethatshewantedtobecomeascientistandhelptheworld.Marthasaid/toldmethatshewasdoingaprojectonbehalfofherschoolaboutglobalwarming.Bobaskedwhynuclearpowerwassuchasensitivetopic.Bobaskedif/whethertheycouldexplainhowthenucleardisasterhadhappened.Studyingtherules02Lauraaskedhowmanyanimalshaddisappearedbecauseofhumanhunting.Lauraaskedwhatwecoulddotohelpwildanimals.Vincentsaid/toldmethathehadnever