Unit3 知识点梳理-牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8AUnit3知识点解析与练习1.Whatareyougoingtodo?你打算做什么？2.adayout外出的一天abigdayout充实的外出一天planadayout计划外出的一天planv.计划过去式____________现在分词_________________n.计划[C]未来计划afutureplan/futureplans3.exercisev.锻炼I’mgoingtoexercise.我打算锻炼n.[C]两操一练:眼保健操eyesexercises早操:morningexercises练习exercises[U]锻炼doexercise4.climbv.攀爬攀爬者，登山者:________________climbahill爬山这山很难爬。Thishillishard_________________.攀爬:climbtherocks=goclimbingontherocks=pulloneselfuptherocks5.needv.需要1).need…需要…需要你的支持needyoursupport(supportn.支持)2).needsb.todosth.需要某人做某事needyoutosupportus.(supportvt.支持)3).needtodosth.需要去做某事不需要去做某事:don’tneedtodosth.=don’thavetodosth.=needn’tdosth.6.keepv.保持keepfit保持健康v.保存,保留keeptheticket保留着门票7.comeon来吧;加油；算了吧---Teddytoldmehergrandfathercanrunfor1hour.---___________!Hergrandfatherisnearly80yearsold.Idon’tbelieveherwords.A.Comein B.Comeon C.Cometo D.Comeinto8.enjoyoneself(doingsth)=havefun(doingsth)=haveagood/greattime(doingsth)(做某事)很开心9.takeatriptosp.去某地旅行=goonatriptosp.=gotosp.foratriptakeaboattrip乘船旅行=takeatripbyboat乘飞机去北京旅行_________________________=___________________________10.passv.经过过去式______________pastadv.经过pass=gopastpasses=goespastpassed=________________11.takecare保重(口语交际,书信结尾)takecareofoneself照顾自己12.sitinalittlecoffeeshop坐在一个小咖啡店里bytheRiverSeine塞纳河畔by的用法:bytheway顺便说一下;by地点:靠近…(bythewindow);by+时间:到…为止(by1997);by表被动(anarticlebyaboyfromtheUSA来自美国的一个男孩写的文章)13.on/atthetopof…在…的顶部onthetopfloor在顶层gotothetopof…去…的顶部topstudents尖子生14.abeautifulbuildingwithabiggarden一个带有大花园的漂亮建筑物(with…作后置定语)15.美国总统_________________________________16.Australian.澳大利亚Australiann.澳大利亚人adj.澳大利亚的一个澳大利亚人_____________________很多澳大利亚人_________________________17.placesofinterest名胜古迹mainsights主要景点18.search(on)theInternetforsomeinformation在网上搜寻一些信息19.---HowlongistheGoldenGateBridge?金门大桥有多长？---It’sverylong,about1.7miles.非常长，大约1.7英里。1).多长howlong多宽____________多高_______________多重______________2).长度单位:centimeter厘米metre米kilometer千米mile英里foot英尺(pl.__________)inch英寸(pl.____________)20.由…制成bemadeof…(可看出原材料)bemadefrom(看不出原材料paper/medicine/wine)在某地制造bemadein中国制造MadeinChina.21.Thebridgeismadeofsteel,isn’tit?这座桥是由钢铁造成的，不是吗？(反义疑问句,前肯后否，前否后肯)Isn’tthebridgemadeofsteel?这座桥难道不是由钢铁造成的吗？(否定疑问句)两种疑问句的回答均遵循事实，即---Yes,itis.或---No,itisn’t.22.over=morethan大于,多于Itweighsover100,000tons.=Itsweightismorethan100,000tons.重达十万多吨。提问重量:Howheavyisit?=Howmuchdoesitweigh?=What’stheweightofit?23.aroundtheworldinaday一天内环游全世界24.fineadj.好的;晴朗的Itwasafinewarmday.那是个温暖晴朗的一天。adv.很好地Mycomputerworksfine.25.invitevt.邀请invitesb.tosp.邀请某人去某地invitesb.todosth.邀请某人去做某事invitationn.[U](抽象意义上的)邀请[C](具体的)邀请aninvitationletter一封邀请信receivevt.接受receiveone’sinvitation接受某人的邀请receivern.收信人thenameofthereceiver收信人姓名the_______________names26.joinvt.参加(某组织并成为其中一员)joinsb.加入某人;jointhe…club加入…俱乐部vi.joinin加入活动joinsb.indoingsth.加入某人做某事joinindoingsth加入某事(in不可省)区分:takepartin加入活动(并起作用)takepartintheactivity大多数情况下等于joinin27.theschooltriptotheWorldPark去世界公园的学校旅行(to表方向)常见介词短语:某方面有问题_____________________进行某学科月考______________________________向某人学习_______________________在阳台上____________________________________用英语写_________________________在某人的主页上______________________________在窗边___________________________28.shinev.闪耀过去式_________________现在分词______________________在一片晴朗蔚蓝的天空中_________________________________29.quiteadv.相当地quietadj.安静的quiteaquietgirl相当安静的一个女孩30.faraway远离Aisfar/距离(away)fromB.eg.Myhouseisfar/tenmiles(away)frommyschool.It’sfar/距离(away)fromAtoBeg.It’sfar/tenmiles(away)frommyhousetomyschool.口诀:有far无数字,有数字无far;away皆可省，回答不可省。Eg.---Howfarisitfromyourhousetoyourschool?---It’stenmilesaway.31.Ittookusabouttwohourstogettherebybus.我们花了大约两个小时乘车到那儿。=Wespentabouttwohoursgettingtherebybus.32.1).Therewasalotof/muchtrafficontheway.路上交通很拥挤。=Thetrafficwasbusy/heavyontheway.2).ontheway在路上onone’swaytosp.在某人去某地的路上33.finaladj.最终的,决定性的finallyadv.最后,终于=__________=_____________finaln.决赛beinthefinal=gettothefinal进入决赛beinthefinalof…进入…的决赛34.arrivevi.到达arriveat小地点arrivein大地点区分arrive;arriveat/in;getto;reacharrivevi.可单独使用，后无宾语Whenwillyouarrive?arriveat/in;getto;reach为及物动词，后必须加宾语在一个寒冷的上午，我们到了。We_______________onacoldmorning.35.waitvt.等待过去式_____________现在分词________________waitern.服务员(男)waitress服务员(女)can’twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事waitforsb.todosth.等待某人做某事36.geton/getoffthebus/thetrain/theplane上/下汽车、火车、飞机getinto/getoutofthecar上/下轿车注意:动介结构geton/off/into/outofit;listentoher;lookthroughit;thinkaboutit动副结构wakeherup;cleanitup;turniton/off37.Therearemodels(ofmorethanahundredplacesofinterest)fromallovertheworld.有来自全世界一百多个名胜古迹的模型。hundred/thousand/million等数词修饰名词时,Eg.两百人________________people；数百人____________________people38.notbelieveone’seyes=notbelievewhatsb.see不相信自己的眼睛,非常惊讶类似用法notbelieveone’swords=notbelievewhatsb.say不相信某人的话39.thesonganddanceshow歌舞秀shown.表演v.展示showsb.aroundsp.带某人参观某地showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人展示某物(用法同give/lend/offer)40.culturen.[C]文化learnalotaboutdifferentcultures了解很多关于不同的文化41.likevt.喜欢prep.像(与v.搭配)looklike看起来像soundlike听起来像Simon,____________hisfather,_______________playingfootball.42.as....as和notas/so...as属于同级比较，在此结构中使用形容词或副词的原级43.肯定句中：A和B一样1)A+be动词/系动词+as+adj.+as+B2)A+动词+as+adv.+as+B否定句中：A不如B(只有在否定句中notas...as=not______...as)1)A+be动词not+as/so+adj.+as+B;A+don’t系动词+as/so+adj.+as+B2)A+don’t动词+as/so+adv.+as+B44.同级比较的否定形式可与比较级进行转换这次旅行不如参观有趣。Thejourneyis________________________(notinteresting)thevisit.=Thevisitis_________________________(interesting)thanthejourney.45.asmany/muchas+具体数字多达……E.g.他一个月的工资多达一万元。Heearnsmoneyasmuchastenthousandyuanamonth.asmany/much+n.+as-从句(主格/宾格/主谓)和……一样多E.g.他拿的黄油和他所需的一样多。Hetookas________butterasheneeded.as...aspossible尽可能……46.第一/二人称的反身代词由______________+self或selves构成(宾格、形容词性物主代词)第三人称的反身代词由__________________+self或selves构成(宾格、形容词性物主代词)Personalpronouns(人称代词)Reflexivepronouns(反身代词)Singular(单数)IYouHeSheItPlural(复数)WeYouThey47.反身代词的用法:反身代词所指代的人或物与主语一致，在句中起到强调的作用。反身代词和它所指代的对象在人称、性别、数量上需保持一致可作宾语（主语和宾语同指代一个人时），不能作主语你应该为你自己感到骄傲。Youshouldbeproudof______________.可作同位语事情本身并不重要。Thething_______________isnotimportant.我自己开车。I______________drovethecar.4)作介词补足成分他不担心他自己。Heisn’tworriedabout___________.5)放在句末,有时可以省略by:我没有独立完成作业。Ididn’tdohomework(by)_________.48.由oneself构成的短语玩得开心enjoyoneself(doingsth.)=havefun(doingsth.)=haveagood/wonderfultime(doingsth.)弄伤了自己hurtoneselfhurt---________(过去式)hurtsb./身体部位=sb./sth.gethurt攀岩pulloneselfuptherocks=__________therocks把秘密藏在某人的心里keepasecrettooneself为某人保守秘密keepasecret_____sb.独自_______________=alone=onone’sown自学teachoneselfsth.=learnsth.byoneself自己穿衣服dressoneself自己洗漱washoneself自便，随意吃…helponeselftosth.自言自语________________49.trytodo努力做某事；设法做某事50.luck(运气)---lucky---luckily---unluckily好/恶运good/badluck一个幸运儿aluckydog祝你好运Goodlucktoyou.51.supportn./v.支持支持某人supportsb.=sb.get/haveone’ssupport=sb.getsupportfromsb.=withone’ssupport(介词短语)Withyoursupport,wewillwin.=Ifyou__________us,wewillwin.=Ifwe_______________________,wewillwin.=Ifwe_______________________fromyou,wewillwin.withoutone’ssupport没有某人的支持52.sth.takeplace某事发生，举行，非偶然性事件的发生(无被动语态，无进行时)TheSportsmeetingwillbeheldonSaturday.=TheSportsmeetingwill_____________________________onSaturday.sth.happen(tosb.)(某人)发生了……偶然性的发生53.在运动中心_________theSportsCentre54.cheern.欢呼声，喝彩声cheerv.---_________过去式cheerforsb.为某人欢呼、加油55.---Don’tforgettobringyourhomework!---OK,I___________(will).---Remembertobringyourhomework!---OK,I__________(will).56.half-timen.中场休息during/athalf-timeHalf-timeisa10-minuteperiodfortheplayerstorest/havearest.(todo表目的)E.g.15分钟的路程a____________________walkrestn.1).休息2).剩下的人/事物Therestofthebooks/orangeare/is...57.Thecostofthetrip旅途的费用/花费thepriceoftheclothes衣服的标价costv.sth.cost(sb.)money某物花费某人多少钱cost---____________(过去式)Thecostofthetripis100yuan.(对划线部分提问)What’sthecostofthetrip?=(同义句)Howmuchdoesthetripcost?per+n.单数每小时per______________每分钟per_________________58.gotherebyunderground/b