Unit3Underthesea语法复习动词ing学案-高三英语一轮复习人教新课标选修七

高中英语人教版新课标选修7Unit3语法复习一动词ing【课前检查】根据提示完成句子Excuseme,ifyourcallisnot（urge）,doyoumindifImakeminefirst?Sean'sstrongloveforhiscountryis（reflect）inhisrecentlypublishedpoems.Rubbishcaneasilybeseparatedand（归为）plastics,glassandpaper.Whenheisintrouble,hisfriendsalways（帮助他摆脱困境）.Believeme,Iwas!HigherdegreesinEnglisharea（目标）forforeignstudents.Theirofficesarehousedin（租赁楼）inamodernizedwingoftheMathematicsInstitue.Fearingfurtherattacks,mostofthepopulationhad（逃离）thecity.Policehaveappealedfor（目击者）toeforward.Theadvertisementwasdesignedto（针对）amassaudience.Keys:1.urgent2.reflected3.sortedinto4.helphimout5.scaredtodeathTarget7.rentedacmodation8.abandoned9.witnesses10.target【问题查找】一、单项选择题（）1.withahighfever,hewasunabletoattendschool.A.SuddenlyseizingB.HavingsuddenlyseizedC.BeingsuddenlyseizedD.Beensuddenlyseized（）2.inthecountryside,hefoundithardtogetusedtotownlife.A.BringingupB.TobringupC.HavingbroughtupD.Broughtup（）3.Thegoodswhenwearrivedattheairport.A.werejustbeingunloadedB.werejustunloadingC.hadjustunloadedD.werejustbeenunloaded（）4.Theresultsshowtheirlessonsas.A.wellpreparedB.havingwellpreparedC.wellpreparingD.havingbeenwellpreparedKeys:1-4CDAA【要点精讲】学习目标：能够理解动词ing的被动语态的基本形式，掌握动词ing被动语态的基本用法和特殊用法，能够把不定式运用于实际考试题型中。目标分解：⑴学生知道动词ing的被动语态的构成和含义(2)学生了解动词ing的被动语态的用法(3)学生掌握动词ing特殊用法步骤一：知道动词ing的被动语态的构成和含义动词-ing形式所表示的动作是一个被动动作时，要用动词-ing的被动形式。包括其一般形式和完成形式。形式用法一般式被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生beingdone完成式被动的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作—之前havingbeendoneEg.Havingbeeninvited,Mr.Liwenttheretogiveaspeechthoughhewasbusy.内化过程：你能观察上句并分析为什么要用“havingbeeninvited”吗？Keys:1.invite与其逻辑主语Mr.Li存在被动关系;2.invite的动作是发生在主句谓语动词动作wentthere之前步骤二：了解动词ing的被动语态的用法动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语。A.作主语动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况：.直接位于句首做主语。例如：Swimmingisagoodsportinsummer..用it作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动名词做主语时，不太常用it作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如：Itisnousetellinghimnottoworry.Itisnouse/nogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收常见的能用于这种结构的形容词有：better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolishdifficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile,等。注意：important,essential,necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。.用于“Therebe”结构中°例如：Thereisnosayingwhenhe'lle.很难说他何时回来。.用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如：Nosmoking（=Nosmokingisallowed（here））.（禁止吸烟）Noparking.（禁止停车）.动名词的复合结构作主语当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构（这时的名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语）。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：Theiringtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous..动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较：Smokingisnotgoodforhealth.Itisnotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.注意：1）在口语中，用动名词作主语位于句首的比不定式多。2）在“Itisnouse...","Itisnogood...",“Itisfun...5\"Itisawasteoftime…”等句型中,通常用动名词作真实主语：Itisnouse/good/awasteoftimetalkingaboutthat.Itisnouse/good/awasteoftimetotalkaboutthat.3）在疑问句中，通常用动名词的复合结构，而不用不定式的复合结构作主语：Doesyoursayingthatmeananythingtohim?Doesforyoutosaythatmeananythingtohim?4）在“Therebe”句型中，只能用动名词，而不能用不定式作主语：Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappen.Itisimpossibletotellwhatwillhappen.5）当句子中的主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，要遵循前后一致的原则，主语和表语在形式上要求统一:Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.6）动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用三单形式Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.对这种事情不是开玩笑。B.作宾语.作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非谓语动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,giveup,cannothelp（can'thelp）,等。例如：Theywentonwalkingandneverstoppedtalking.他们继续走，说个不停。Ifounditpleasantwalkingalongtheseashore.在海滩上走真是乐事。Markoftenattemptstoescapebeingfinedwheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。.作介词的宾语1）动词+介词+动名词例如：Therainpreventedusfrompletingthework.下雨妨碍我们完成工作。Sheplainsofthebookbeingtoodifficult.她抱怨这本书太难。2）形容词+介词+动名词例如：Iknowwhoisresponsibleforbreakingthewindow.我知道窗户是谁打破的。3）名词+介词+动名词例如：Therearemanywaysofdoingit.有许多方法可以做这件事。Shallwehavearestorgetdowntodoingourwork?我们休息呢还是开始干活？.作形容词的宾语例如：Themusiciswellworthlisteningtomorethanonce.这种曲子很值得多听几遍。Wearebusypreparingfortheingsportsmeet.我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。C.作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。如果句中的主语和表语同为动词时，要注意保持两个动词在形式上的一致。例如：Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.)WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.)Themostpopularpastimeisplayingchess.最大众化的消遣是下棋(Themostpopularpastimeistoplaychess.)Theonlythingthatinterestsherisworking.她唯一感兴趣的事就是工作.D.作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：awalkingstick=astickforwalking二astickwhichisusedforwalkingawashingmachine=amachineforwashing=amachinewhichisusedforwashingareadingroom=aroomforreading=aroomwhichisusedforreadingameasuringtape=atapeformeasuring=atapewhichisusedformeasuringsleepingpills=pillsforsleeping二pillswhichisusedforsleepingE.作状语Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.Hesatatthetable,readingChinaDaily.Beingaskedtoanswerthequestion,shecouldn'trefuse.F.作宾语补足语Isawpeopleingandgoinginthestreet.Iheardhersinging(sing)asonginherroom.You'llfindthetopicbeingdiscussed(discuss)everywherenow.步骤三：动词・ing形式的几种特殊用法.在deserve,need,require,want等词之后，总是用动词-ing的主动形式表达被动意义,相当于"tobe+过去分词”。Eg.Theradioneedsrepairing.=Theradioneedstoberepaired..beworth后也常跟动词-ing的主动形式表达被动意义。Eg.Thebookisworthreadingagain.=Thebookisworthyofbeingreadagain.=Thebookisworthytobereadagain.内化过程：观察上述句子，你可以总结一下表示“值得做......”含义的短语吗？Keys:1.beworthdoing2.beworthyofbeingdone3.beworthytobedone.动词-ing形式被动式的复合结构当动词-ing形式被动式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动词-ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格（整个复合结构不作主语时，可用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，名词普通格代替名词所有格）Eg.Iamverypleasedatyou/yourhavingbeenhonoredwithamedal.Thedecisionhavingbeenmade,thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.【查漏补缺】一、单项选择---WhatmadeBillsoangry?---.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtoeat8:30,butshehasn'teyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.BeingkeptwaitedThebuildinginourschoolisforourteachers.Thoughthere'snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuiltThesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatchWhileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelpintobuyingsomethingtheydon'treallyneed.A.topersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuadedmanytimes,theboystilldidn'tknowhowtodotheexercises.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teachingthewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.BeentoldD.TellingHehasalwaysinsistedonhisDrTurnerinsteadofMrTurner.A.beencalledB.calledC.havingcalledD.beingcalledDoyoumindaloneathome?A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane9sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft9.WhenIcalledMrsSmithtoaskhowthingswere,shetoldmethatfour-fifthsofthehousesA.havebeensellingoutB.aresellingoutC.hadbeensoldoutD.havesoldoutThebookwhichdealswiththeculturesandcustomsofCanadawellinChina.A.issoldB.issellingC.wassoldD.hadsoldKeys:BDCCBADCCB二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Asweapproachedthevillage,wesawnewhouses(build).2.1appreciated(give)thechancetostudyabroadtwoyearsago.Henarrowlyescaped(run)over.Afterhebecameconscious,heremembered(attack)andhitonthehead.Theflowers(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.Keys:1.beingbuilt2.havingbeengiven3.beingrun4.beingattacked5.smelling【梳理优化】一、常考题型：.完型填空；2.阅读理解题；3.语法填空题4.书面表达二、解题技巧语法填空题中不定式的解题技巧.观察空格处是否给出提示词(一般是未给出提示词的)；.观察句中所给单词的词性是否为动词词性；.观察句中所给单词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；.观察句中所给单词前是否有实义动词需要采用动词ing来充当宾语或者宾补；.观察句中是否缺少动词ing充当主语、表语、状语、定语等；观察动词ing动作与谓语动词动作之间发生时间关系以及动词ing与逻辑主语之间的关系【强化巩固】一、用括号内动词(短语)的正确形式填空。1.(protect)byathickwall,theyfeltquitesafe.sawTom(question)bythepolicejustnow.Severalofourcustomersplainof(treat)veryrudely.(laughat)inpublicisaterribleexperience.Thetext(teach)nowismuchmoredifficultthantheonewelearnedlastweek.havebeeninvitedtoaparty(hold)inourclubnextSunday.Keys：1.Beingprotected2.beingquestioned3.havingbeentreated4.Beinglaughedat5.beingtaught6.tobeheld二、根据括号内的汉语提示完成下面句子。.It'ssaidthatthebridge(正在那里建的)willbethelongestoneintheworld..Whenhesawthelittlebaby(被她的父亲举起)，hewasfrightened..(被他的歌迷围着),thefamoussingercouldn'tmoveforward..(B自在泥里)fortwohours,theboywassavedbythelocalpeople..(在太阳下曝晒时间过长)maydoharmtoyourskin.Thestudentjustmissed(被抓住)bytheteacher.Thisquestionis(远远没有解决).Yourshoesneed(擦了).Keys:1.beingbuiltthere2.beingraisedbyherfather3.Beingsurroundedbyhisfans4.Havingbeenstuckinthemud5.Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtime6.beingcaught7.farfrombeingsettled8.cleaning/tobecleaned【课后练习】一、单句语法填空一Car18wontherace.一Yes,butitsdrivercamecloseto(kill).Thewellwasfound(dig)whenwegotthere.Thechurchtowerwhich(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.Research(carry)outatLivepoolUniversitysupportsthisideaandsuggeststhatifwedon'tusethesenseofdirection,wellloseit.LEGO'sfirstfactoryinAsiaandthefifthintheworldwillstartoperationonFridayinZhejiang,toproduceupto80percentofallLEGO(pr