2023年同等学力申硕英语真题及答案

199616. Itwasfeltthathelackedthe_____topursueradifficulttasktotheveryend.(C) A.petition B.engagement C.commitment D.qualification17. Hedoesnothingthat______theinterestsofthecollective.(B) A.runsfor B.runsagainst C.runsover D.runsinto18. Thoughheviewshimselfasarealist,Cetronsaysthathisfindingsmakehimvery_____aboutfuture.(A) A.optimistic B.sympathetic C.objective D.precautions19. Insuchachangingandcomplexsociety,formerlysimplesolutionstoinformationalneedsbecome_______.(C) A.confusing B.acceptable C.complicated D.feasible20. Whenitcomestoteaching______,manyparentsbelievethatiftheylovetheirchildrenandtreatthemkindly,thekidswillknowhowtobehave.(B) A.mentality B.morality C.majesty D.majority21. Exerciseseemstobenefitthebrainpowerofhealthyandsick,youngandold______.(A) A.alike B.alive C.together D.included22. HistoryhasdemonstratedthatcountrieswithdifferentsocialSystemsandideologiescanjoinhandsinmeetingthecommonchallengestohuman______anddevelopment.(B) A.evolution B.survival C.rivalry D.dignity23. Althoughsports_____thehousehold,Joedrewthelinewhentheyinterferedwithfamilytraditionsandroutine.(C) A.overwhelmed B.affected C.dominated D.influenced24. Shoppingforanewswimsuitisoneofleast______activities,becauseIalmostalwaysgetsalesclerkwithasicksenseofhumor.(C) A.favorable B.popular C.favorite D.beneficial25. Itisduringsummerbreaksthatwefirsttastethesatisfactionofworkthat______intohardcurrency.(B) A.transfers B.translates C.transmits D.transplants26. Skilledtechniciansandadvancedtechnologiesenableustobuilduncompromisedqualityintoallourcars,becauseourfirst______isbringingyoupleasureforyearstocome.(D) A.prestige B.benefit C.privilege D.priority27. Withkeen______,convincingfactsandaglobalangle,Epsteinvividlyrecordedabrilliantpageofthegreatrevolution.(D) A.inspection B.intellectual C.intention D.insight28 Telecommunicationdevelopmentsenablethesendingofmessages______television,radioandveryshortly,electronicmailtobombardpeoplewithmanymessages.(A) A.via B.amid C.past D.across29. Theso-calledintelligentbehaviordemandsmemory,rememberingbeingaprimary______forreasoning.(B) A.resource B.requirement C.resolution D.response30. Women’scentralroleinmanagingnaturalresourcesandprotectingtheenvironment-hasbeenoverlookedmoreoftenthanithasbeen______.(A) A.acknowledged B.emphasized C.memorized D.associated31 Technologyhas______thesharingofinformationandthestorageanddeliveryofinformation,thusmakingmoreinformationavailabletomorepeople.(D) A.formulated B.furnished C.functioned D.facilitated32. Thenewgovernment_____theforeign-ownedoilfieldsoneafteranother.(A) A.tookover B.tookout C.tookoff D.tookon33. Onestudyfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactare______asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.(B) A.referred B.perceived C.recommended D.presumed34. Manyproverbs______inancientGreeceandRomeandinmedievalEurope,spreadingfromcountrytocountryinLatintexts.(C) A.designated B.descended C.originated D.created35. Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weenclosethecataloguesshowingvariousproductshandledbyuswithdetailed______andmeansofpacking.(D) A.specimens B.inspections C.paraphrases D.specificationsPassageOneAprovenmethodforeffectivetextbookreadingistheSQ3RmethoddevelopedbyFrancisRobinson.Thefirststepistosurvey(theSstep)thechapterbyreadingthetitle,introduction,sectionheadings,summaryandbystudyinganygraphs,tables,illustrationsorcharts.Thepurposeofthisstepistogetanoverviewofthechaptersothatyouwillknowbeforeyoureadwhatitwillbeabout.Inthesecondstep(theQstep),foreachsectionyouaskyourselfquestionssuchas“WhatdoIalreadyknowaboutthistopic?”and“WhatdoIwanttoknow?”Inthisstepyoualsotakethesectionheadingandturnitintoaquestion.Thisstepgivesyouapurposeforreadingthesection.Thethirdstep(thefirstofthe3R’s)istoreadtofindtheanswertoyourquestions.Thenattheendofeachsection,beforegoingontothenextsection,yourecite(thesecondofthe3R’s)theanswerstothequestionsthatyouformedinthequestionstep.Whenyoureciteyoushouldsaytheinformationyouwanttolearnoutloudinyourownwords.Thefifthstepisdoneafteryouhavecompletedsteps2,3and4foreachsection.Youreview(thelastofthe3R’s)theentirechapter.Thereviewisdonemuchasthesurveywasinthefirststep.Asyoureview,holdamentalconversationwithyourselfasyourecitetheinformationyouselectedasimportanttolearn.Thementalconversationcouldtaketheformofaskingandansweringthequestionsformedfromtheheadingsorreadingthesummary,whichliststhemainideasinthechapter,andtryingtofillinthedetailsforeachmainidea.36. ThepassageimpliesthattheSQ3Rmethod______. A.needstobeproven B.leavesmuchtobedesired C.turnsouttobepracticable D.cannotbeusedbyeveryreader37. TheSQ3Rmethodconsistsof______steps. A.three B.four C.five D.seven38. Accordingtothepassage,thefirststephelpsthereaders______. A.readfirstseveralparagraphs B.scanthewholechapter C.studythegraphs D.getthethemeofthechapter39. Whichofthefollowingisthefourthstep? A.Toquestionyourself. B.Toreadforinformation. C.Toutteryouranswers. D.Todrawaconclusion.40. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue? A.Inthelaststep,youshouldrememberalltheinformation. B.Whenyoufinishthelaststep,youwillgetboththemainideaandthedetails. C.Thementalconversationinvolvesansweringthequestionsaskedbytheauthor. D.Whileyouareholdingamentalconversationyouselecttheimportantinformation.Key:C,C,D,C,BPassageTwoThoughitismere1to3percentofthepopulation,theupperclasspossessesatleast25percentofthenation’swealth.Thisclasshastwosegments:upper-upperandlower-upperBasically,theupper-upperclassisthe“oldrich”─familiesthathavebeenwealthyforseveralgenerations─anaristocracyofbirthandwealth.TheirnamesareintheSocialRegister,alistingofacceptablemembersofhighsociety.Afewareknownacrossthenation,suchastheRockefellers,Roosevelts,andVanderbilts.Mostarenotvisibletothegeneralpublic.Theyliveingrandseclusion(深居简出),drawingtheirincomefromtheinvestmentoftheirinheritedwealth.Incontrast,thelower-upperclassisthe“newrich”.Althoughtheymaybewealthierthansomeoftheoldrich,thenewrichhavehustled(急于做)tomaketheirmoneylikeeverybodyelsebeneaththeirclass.Thustheirprestigeisgenerallylowerthanthatoftheoldrich,whohavenotfounditnecessarytoliftafingertomaketheirmoney,andwhotendtolookdownuponthenewrich.Howeveritswealthisacquired,theupperclassisvery,veryrich.Theyhaveenoughmoneyandleisuretimetocultivateaninterestintheartsandtocollectrarebooks,painting,andsculpture.Theygenerallyliveinexclusiveareas,belongtoexclusivesocialclubs,communicatewitheachother,andmarrytheirownkind─allofwhichkeepsthemsodistantfromthemassesthattheyhavebeencalledtheout-of-sightclass.Morethananyotherclass,theytendtobeconsciousofbeingmembersofaclass.Theyalsocommandanenormousamountofpowerandinfluencehereandabroad,astheyholdmanytopgovernmentpositions,runtheCouncilonForeignRelations,andcontrolmultinationalcorporations.Theiractionsaffectthelivesofmillions.41. AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPTthat______. A.theupper-upperclassisofaristocraticorigin B.the“oldrich”enjoyhigherprestigethanthe“newrich” C.the“oldrich”isolatethemselvesandleadalonelylife D.theupperclassownsatleastaquarterofthecountry’swealth42. The“oldrich”getricher_______. A.throughtheSocialRegister B.throughtheirreputation C.byinvestingtheirinheritedwealth D.bycollectingpaintingsandsculptures43. Thereasonwhythe“oldrich”lookdownuponthe“newrich”isthat______. A.theformerarewealthierthanthelatter B.thelattersweatthemselvestomakemoney C.the“newrich”havenointerestinarts D.the“oldrich”areconsciousofbeingmembersoftheupperclass44. Theupperclassisalsocalledtheout-of-sightclassbecause______. A.theykeepawayfromthegeneralpublic B.theyspendmostoftheirtimeabroad C.theydon’tcommunicatewithanypeople D.theymovefrequentlyfromplacetoplace45. Wecan-learnfromthepassagethat______. A.theupperclassispowerfulandinfluential B.theupperclasscollectsrarebookstomakemoney C.theupperclassholdsalltopgovernmentpositions D.the“oldrich”makesmuchmoremoneythanthe“newrich”Key:C,C,B,A,APassageThreeWhat,besideschildren,connectsmothersaroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It’schickensoup,oneprominentAmericanfoodexpertsays.FromRussianvillagestoAfricaandAsia,chickensouphasbeentheremedyforthoseweakinbodyandspirit.MotherspassedtheirknowledgeontoancientwritersofGreece,ChinaandRome,andeventhe12thcenturyphilosopherandphysicianMosesMainmidesextolled(赞美)itsvirtues.Amongtheancients,Aristotlethoughtpoultryshouldstandinhigherestimationthanfour-leggedanimalsbecausetheairislessdensethantheearth.Chickensgotanotherboost(吹捧)inthebookofGenesis,whereitiswrittenthatbirdsandfishwerecreatedonthefifthday,adaybeforefour-leggedanimals.ButaccordingtoMimiSheraton,whohasspentmuchofthepastthreeyearsexploringtheworldofchickensoup,muchofthereasonforchicken’srealorimaginedcurative(治愈)powerscomesfromitscolor.Hernewbook,“TheWholeWorldLovesChickenSoup”,looksatthebelovedandmysteriousbrew,withdozensofrecipesfromaroundtheworld.“Throughouttheages,”shesaid,“therehasbeenalotoffeelingthatwhite-coloredfoodsareeasiertoeatfortheweak-womenandtheill.”Inaddition,“soups,oranythingforthatmattereatenwithaspoon”areconsidered“comfortfoods.”Sheratonsaid.“IlovesoupandlovemakingsoupandasIwascollectingrecipesIbegantoseethisasaninternationaldish...Ithasauniversalmystiqueassomethingcurative,astrengthbuilder,”SheratonsaidfromherNewYorkhome.Herbooktreatstheoldestremedyasifitwasbrandnew.TheNationalBroilerCouncil,the.tradegrouprepresentingthechickenindustry,reportedthat51percentofthepeopleitsurveyedsaidtheyboughtchickenbecauseitwashealthier,50percentsaiditwasversatile,41percentsaiditwaseconomicaland46percentsaiditwaslowinfat.46. Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage? A.ProminentAmericanFoods. B.HistoryoftheChickenSoup. C.ChickenSoupRecipes. D.ChickenSoup,aUniversalCure-all.47. Sinceancienttimes,thevalueofchickensoup_____.hasbeenover-estimatedB.hasbeenwidelyacknowledged C.hasbeenappreciatedonlybyphilosophers D.hasbeenknownonlytomothers48. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue? A.Chickensouphasaverylonghistory. B.Sinceancienttimes,chickensouphasbeenahomeremedy. C.Poultryusuallystandshigherthanfour-leggedanimals. D.Four-leggedanimalsweresaidtobecreatedonthesixthday.49. Chickensouphascurativepowersmainlyfor_____accordingtoSheraton. A.itscolor B.itstaste C.itsflavor D.itsrecipe50. Itcanbesaidfromthesurveythatchickenis______. A.amaindish B.apopularfood C.cheaperthananyotherfood D.AlloftheaboveKey:D,B,C,A,BPassageFourThroughouthistorymanhaschangedhisphysicalenvironmentinordertoimprovehiswayoflife.Withthetoolsoftechnologyhehasalteredmanyphysicalfeaturesoftheearth.Hehastransformedwoodlandsintofarmland,andmadelakesandreservoirsoutofriversforirrigationpurposesorhydroelectricpower.Manhasalsomodifiedthefaceoftheearthbydrainingmarshesandcuttingthroughmountainstobuildroadsandrailways.However,man’schangestothephysicalenvironmenthavenotalwayshadbeneficialresults.Today,pollutionoftheairandwaterisanincreasingdangertothehealthoftheplanet.Eachdaythousandsoftonsofgasescomeoutoftheexhaustsofmotorvehicles;smokefromfactoriespollutestheairofindustrializedareasandthesurroundingareasofcountryside.Theairincitiesisbecomingincreasinglyunhealthy.Thepollutionofwaterisequallyharmful.Inthesea,pollutionfromoilisincreasingandiskillingenormousnumbersofalgae(水藻),fishandbirds.Thewholeecologicalbalanceoftheseaisbeingchanged.Thesameproblemexistsinrivers.Industrialwasteshavealreadymademanyriverslifeless.Conservationistsbelievethatitisnownecessaryformantolimitthegrowthoftechnologyinordertosurviveonearth.51. Manhaschangedhisphysicalenvironmentwithaviewto______. A.alteringthephysicalfeaturesoftheearth B.betteringhiswayoflife C.improvinghissurroundings D.modifyingthefaceoftheplanet52. Accordingtothepassage,pollutionoftheairandwateriscausedby______. A.thousandsoftonsofgasescomingoutoftheexhaustsofmotorvehicles B.thechangesoftheenvironmentthattechnologyhasbroughttoman C.theincreasingamountofoilthat-hasbeenproduced D.industrialwastesdischargedintorivers53. Theecologicalbalanceoftheseaislostwhen______. A.peopleconsumemorefishthantheyusedto B.theecologicalbalanceoftheriverislost C.largenumbersofalgae,fishandbirdsarekilled D.theproductionofmarinepetroleumisincreased54. Whowouldmostprobablydisagreewithconservationists? A.Industrialists. B.Ecologists. C.Businessmen. D.Environmentalists.55. Thepurposeofthewriteris______. A.toreducemoderntechnology B.toimproveman’swayoflife C.towarnpeoplenottochangethenaturalenvironment D.tocallattentiontotheprotectionofthenaturalenvironmentKey:B,B,C,A,DPassageFiveWeallassociatecolorswithfeelingandattitudes.Inpoliticsdarkblueoftenmeans“tradition”,andredmeans“socialchange”.Butbluecanalsomeansadness(I’mfeelingblue).Whiteisoftenforpurity,althoughinChinawhiteiswornforfunerals,andredisusedtoexpressthejoyofawedding,inwesternEuropewhiteiswornatweddingsandblackforfunerals.Advertisersareawareoftheimportanceofselectingcolorsaccordingtothewaypeoplereacttothem.Soappowderscomeinwhiteandlightbluepackets(cleanandcold,likeice);cerealsoftencomeinbrownpackets(likewheatfields),butcosmeticsnevercomeinbrownjars(dirty!).Wheredotheseideascomefrom?MaxiLuscherfromtheUniversityofGenevabelievesthatinthebeginninglifewasdictatedbytwofactorsbeyondourcontrol:nightandday.Nightbroughtpassivity,andageneralslowingdownofmetabolism(新陈代谢);daybroughtwithitthepossibilityofaction,andincreaseinthemetabolicrate,thusprovidinguswithenergyandinitiative.Darkblue,therefore,isthecolorofquietandpassivity,brightyellowthecolorofhopeandactivity.Inprehistorictimes,activityasaruletookoneoftwoforms:eitherwewerehuntingandattacking,orwerebeinghuntedanddefendingourselvesagainstattack.Attackisuniversallyrepresentedbythecolorred;self-preservationbyitscomplementgreen.56. InLuscher’sview,theassociationofcolorswithfeelingandattitudescanbetracedbacktotheassociationof______. A.dayandnightwithpassivityandactioninancienttime B.blackwithfuneralsinwesternEurope C.whitewithpurityinsomecountries D.redwithjoyinChina57. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue? A.Darkbluebringstragedy. B.Darkbluemeanstradition. C.Darkbluerepresentsnight D.Darkblueindicatesquietness.58. Soappowderscomeinwhiteandlightbluepacketsto______. A.resembleice B.showquality C.suggestpurity D.attractcustomers59. InLuscher’sview,whichofthefollowingcolorsisassociatedwithdefense? A.Red. B.Blue. C.Dark. D.Green.60. Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofpeoplewouldprobablyfavoryellow? A.Peoplewhoarepassiveandconservative. B.Peoplewhoarecreativeandaggressive. C.Peoplewhoarehopefulandactive. D.Peoplewhoareidealanddreamy.Key:A,A,D,D,CPassageSixMoresurprising,perhaps,thanthecurrentdifficultiesoftraditionalmarriageisthefactthatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.AsSkolnicknotes,Americansareamarryingpeople:relativetoEuropeans,moreofusmarryandwemarryatayoungerage.Moreover,afteradeclineintheearly1970s,therateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnowincreasing.Eventhedivorcerateneedstobetakeninthispro-marriagecontext:some80percentofdivorcedindividualsremarry.Thus,marriageremains,byfar,thepreferredwayoflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinoursociety.Whathaschangedmorethanmarriageisthenuclearfamily.Twenty-fiveyearsago,thetypicalAmericanfamilyconsistedofahusband,awife,andtwoorthreechildren.Now,therearemanymarriagesinwhichcoupleshavedecidednottohaveanychildren.Andtherearemanymarriageswhereatleastsomeofthechildrenarefromthewife’spreviousmarriage,orthehusband’s,orboth.Sometimesthesechildrenspendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromtheformermarriage;sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses(配偶).Thus,onecanfindtheverytypeoffamilyarrangement.Therearemarriageswithoutchildren;marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepresentmarriage;marriageswith“full-time”childrenfromthepresentmarriageand“part-time”childrenfromformermarriages.Therearestepfathers,stepmothers,half-bothers,andhalf-sisters.Itisnotallthatunusualforachildtohavefourparentsandeightgrandparents!Theseareenormouschangesfromthetraditionalnuclearfamily.Butevenso,eveninthemidstofallthis,thereremainsoneconstant:mostAmericansspendmostoftheiradultlivesmarried.61. BycallingAmericansmarryingpeopletheauthormeansthat______. A.AmericansaremoretraditionalthanEuropeans B.AmericansexpectmoreoutofmarriagethanEuropeans C.therearemoremarried-couplesinU.S.AthaninEurope D.moreofAmericans,ascomparedwithEuropeans,prefermarriageandtheyacceptitatayoungerage62. DivorcedAmericans______. A.willmostlikelyremarry B.preferthewaytheylive C.havelostfaithinmarriage D.arethevastmajorityofpeopleinthesociety63. Whichofthefollowingcanbepresentedasthepictureoftoday’sAmericanfamilies? A.AtypicalAmericanfamilyconsistsof-onlyahusbandandawife. B.Manytypesoffamilyarrangementshavebecomesociallyacceptable. C.Americansprefertohavemorekidsthanbefore. D.There-arenonuclearfamiliesanymore.64. “Part-time”children_______. A.spendsomeoftheirtimewiththeirhalf-brothersandsomeoftheirtimewiththeirhalf-sisters B.spendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromthepreviousmarriage C.aresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses D.cannotstaywith“full-time”children65.EventhoughgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthestructureofAmericanfamilies,______. A.thefunctionsofmarriageremainunchanged B.mostAmericanspreferasecondmarriage C.thevastmajorityofAmericansstillhavefaithinmarriage D.Alloftheabove.Key:D,A,B,C,CBusinessandgovernmentleadersalsoconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneralindicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreased66thatcausesrapidrisesinprices.67yourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget68forthesameamountofmoneyasbefore,inflationistheproblem.Thereisageneralrise69thepriceofgoodsandservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasa(n)70when“adollarisnotworthadollaranymore”.Inflationisaproblemforallconsumers.Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurtthe71.Retiredpeople,forinstance,cannot72onanincreaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceseriousproblemsinstretchingtheirincomesto73theirneedsintimeofinflation.Retirementincome74anyfixedincomeusuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheirspendingto75risingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop76somenecessaryitems,suchasfoodandclothing.Even77workingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingup,inflationcanbeaproblem.The78oflivinggoesup,too.Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving.Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeep79withrisingprices,thestandardoflivinggoesdown.Peoplemaybeearningthesameamountofmoney,buttheyarenotliving80becausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyandpublishitaspriceindexes81therateofchangecanbedetermined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepricefora82yearasthebase.Thebasepriceisset83100,andtheotherpricesarereportedasa84ofthebaseprice.Apriceindexmakes85possibletocomparecurrentpricesoftypicalconsumergoods,forexample,withpricesofthesamegoodsinpreviousyears.66. A.spending B.demanding C.consuming D.saving67. A.Because B.While C.Since D.When68. A.much B.little C.more D.less69. A.in B.on C.at D.to70. A.chance B.time C.moment D.occasion71. A.best B.least C.most D.worst72. A.rely B.rest C.depend D.count73. A.meet B.obtain C.care D.acquire74. A.or B.and C.excluding D.including75. A.liveupto B.catchupon C.putupwith D.keepupwith76. A.tobuy B.buying C.havingbought D.frombuying77. A.from B.to C.of D.if78. A.price B.level C.cost D.if78. A.race B.pace C.speed D.step80. A.asusual B.aswell C.asbefore D.assuch81. A.inwhich B.fromwhich C.ofwhich D.bywhich82. A.last B.given C.fixed D.definite83. A.on B.by C.at D.against-84. A.portion B.percentage C.proportion D.fraction85. A.it B.us C.one D.youKey:A,D,D,A,B,C,D,A,A,D,B,B,C,B,B,B,B,C,B,AErrorDetectionandCorrection1. Nottoomanyyearsagomymotherjoggedinthealleybehindourhousebecauseshewas A Bembarrassedtoseejogginginpublic. C DKey:Ctobeseen2. Oneexpertremarksthatacomputerwithsomanytubesasthebrainhasneurons A B CwouldrequiretheEmpireStateBuildingtocontainit. DKey:Bas3. Despitethissimilaritywithothercreatures,theevolutionofhumankinddiffersfrom A Botherspeciesinoneimportantanduniqueway. C DKey:Cthatofotherspecies4. Thescientists,concernedaboutthepotentialhazards,wantedthelatestresearchfinding A B madepublicly. C DKey:Dpublic5. Amongallthepoe