上海市民办东光明中学2022-2023学年高三英语期末试卷含解析

上海市民办东光明中学2022-2023学年高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题31.Theyfelt________itwashightaxandlowincome________contributedtotheextrememiseryoftheworkingpeopleatthebottomoftheladder.A./；that

B.that;which

C.that;what

D./;which参考答案：A略2.Everyoneinthevillagehopedthathewould_______afterafewdays’treatment.A.pickup

B.comeup

C.keepup

D.makeup参考答案：A考查动词短语辨析。句意：村子里每一个人都希望他经过几天的治疗后能好起来。pickup好转；comeup过来；keepup保持；makeup组成，化妆。3.—Whatattractedyoutoouruniversity?

—YouhaveagreatbasketballteamandIcan

forit.A．workout

B．lookout

C．carryout

D．tryout参考答案：D略4.SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChinesecultures,Ithinkthefestivalisworth________.A.experiencing

B.beingexperiencedC.ofbeingexperienced

D.tobeexperienced参考答案：A考查固定短语。beworthdoing值得做某事，doing是主动形式，表示被动意义。选A。句意：既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日值得经历。5.—James,IamsorryIusedyourcomputerwhenyouwereawaythismorning.

一______.Youcanuseit；A.That'sallright

B.It'sapleasureC.Youarewelcome

D.Don'tmentionit参考答案：A略6.Chinawillputculturalreformanddevelopmentat____importantplacein____comingfiveyears,and____quitelongperiodoftimeafterthat.A.an;the;a

B.a;the;the

C.the;a;a

D.the;the;a（此题涉及到三个不同的冠词，根据高考题改编。）参考答案：A略7.Itwasonlyafterafamilyrelatedconversation______________Ifoundoutshewasactuallymydistantcousin.A.when B.thatC.which D.who参考答案：B【详解】考查强调句型。句意：只是在一次与家庭有关的谈话后，我才发现她实际上是我的远房表妹。此处是一个强调句型，句子强调时间状语，故答案为that。【点睛】浅谈强调句1.用Itis／was...that／who...句型表示强调。（1）陈述句的强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。e.g.ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。2.not...until...句型的强调句：句型为：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其它部分：e.g.普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.强调句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.3.强调谓语动词：用助动词do,does或did加动词原形来强调谓语动词。注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时态用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。如：Docomeearly.务必早来。Hedidsendyoualetterlastweek.昨天他确实寄给你一封信。8.-----Oh,no,no.Ireallycouldn`taccept.

-----Nonsense.I___take“no”forananswer.A.don`t

B.shan`t

C.won`t

D.wouldn`t参考答案：C略9._________tosupportingthegrowingnumberofstudentsseekingoddjobs,wewillprovidethemwiththeinformationtheyneed.

A.Committing

B.Committed

C.Beingcommitted

D.Havingcommitted参考答案：B略10.—Let'sgotoseeamovieandthengoshopping．—

Ihappentobefreethisafternoon．A．Itdepends．

B．Anythingyousay．

C．Noway．

D．Goahead.参考答案：B11.Becauseofthelimitedtime，hedidn’tgointodetailsonthesubject．Heonlyspoke____．A．incommon

B．ingeneralC．inparticular

D．inpublic参考答案：B句意:由于时间有限,对于那个话题他没有展开。他只是概括地说了一下。ingeneral是indetail(详尽地)的反义词。incommon共同的,共有的;inparticular尤其地,特别地;inpublic公开地,当众。12..Bothteamswereinhardtraining;

waswillingtolosethegame.A.none

B.one

C.neither

D.either参考答案：C略28.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake_____itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.A.towind

B.wind

C.winding

D.wound参考答案：C略14.Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoreto________thegapbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstandeachotherbetter.A.open

B.narrow

C.widen

D.leave参考答案：B15.—Idon’tmindtellingyouwhathappened.—You_________.I’mnotaskingyouforit.A.mustn’t

B.maynot

C.can’t

D.needn’t参考答案：D考查情态动词。句意为“你没必要告诉我。我没有要求你那样做。”16.AvolcanoinIndonesiaeruptedonNovemberthe16th,2013,and_____,hundredsofpeoplewerekilled.

A.consequently B.continuously

C.constantl D.consistently参考答案：A二、填空17.NooneissurehowmanyAmericansbelongtoreadinggroupscalledbookclubs.Yet___61___(publisher)andbookstoresreportthatmoreandmorepeoplethroughouttheUnitedStatesarejoining___62___(they).Mostoftheclubsworkthesameway.Membersreadthesamebookatthesametime.Thentheymeettotalkaboutthebook.Membersmaybefriendsorpeople___63___liveneareachother.SomeAmericansbelongtoreadinggroupson___64___Internet.Thesegroupsincludepeoplearoundtheworldwhocommunicateaboutbookstheyread.Theysendelectronicmailsinsteadofgathering___65___(discuss)books.Mostreadinggroupsstudybooksby__66___(variety)writers.However,somegroupsreadtheworkofasinglewriter,

___67___(usual)onethathasbeenfamousforawhile.Othergroupsmay__68___(name)foranimportantpersonintheworkofthewriter,___69___aSherlockHolmesClub.Membersofthesebookclubsoftenareexpertsabouttheir___70___(choose)readingmaterials.OnememberofaHolmesreadinggroup,forexample,canidentifyalmosteverypersonineverySherlockHolmesstory.参考答案：61.publishers

62.them

63.who/that

64.the

65.todiscuss

66.various

67.usually

68.benamed

69.like

70.chosen本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了今日美国各种各样的图书俱乐部。61.考查名词。因为名词publisher是可数名词，且bookstores用复数形式，故此处也用复数形式。句意：然而，出版商和书店报道，整个美国越来越多的人加入他们。故填publishers。62.考查代词。这里代词作宾语，故用宾格形式。句意：然而，出版商和书店报道，整个美国越来越多的人加入他们。故填them。63.考查定语从句关系词。定语从句中先行词为friendsorpeople，在从句中作主语，故用关系词who/that。句意：成员可能是朋友或住在附近的人。故填who/that。64.考查冠词。ontheInternet在网上，固定搭配，需加the。句意：一些美国人属于网上阅读团体。故填the。65.考查非谓语动词。这里的不定式to表示的目的性。句意：他们使用电子邮件而不是集会来讨论书籍。故填todiscuss。66.考查形容词。名词writers前用形容词修饰。句意：大多数阅读小组学习各种作家写的书。故填various

。67.考查副词。这里修饰动词read，故用副词形式。句意：然而,一些小组仅仅研究一个作家的作品，通常那个作家是一个已红极一时的人。故填usually

。68.考查语态。主语Othergroups与name之间为被动关系，故用被动形式。句意：其它的团体可能是因为从一位重要作者中的作品而命名。故填benamed。69.考查介词。这里是举例，故用like，表示“像，比如”之意。句意：其它的团体可能是因为从一位重要作者中的作品而命名，比如，夏洛克·福尔摩斯俱乐部。故填like。70.考查非谓语动词。这里所填词与修饰的名词readingmaterials是被动关系，故用过去分词修饰。句意：这些读书俱乐部的成员通常是他们所挑选的阅读材料的专家。故填chosen。18.“Whateveryourjobis,thechancesarethatoneofthesemachinescandoitfasterorbetterthanyoucan.”Asinnovationaccelerates,thousandsofjobswilldisappear,justasithashappenedinthepreviouscyclesofindustrialrevolutions.MachinespoweredbynarrowAIalgorithmscanalreadyperformcertain3-Dtasks(“dull,dirtyanddangerous”)muchbetterthanhumans.Thismaycreateenormouspainforthosewhoarelosingtheirjobsoverthenextfewyears,particularlyiftheydon'tacquirethecomputer-relatedskillsthatwouldenablethemtofindmorecreativeopportunities.Wemustlearnfromthepreviouswavesofcreativedestructionifwearetolessenhumansufferingandincreasinginequality.Forexample,somestatisticsindicatethatasmuchas3%ofthepopulationindevelopedcountriesworkasdrivers.Whenautomatedcarsbecomearealityinthenext15to25years,wemustofferpeoplewhowillbe“structurallyunemployed”somesortofcompensationincome,trainingandre-positioningopportunities.Fortunately,theSchumpeterianwavesofdestructiveinnovationalsocreatejobs.Historyhasshowndisruptiveinnovationsarenotalwaysazero-sumgame.Inthelongrun,thelossoflow-added-valuejobstomachinescanhaveapositiveimpactintheoverallqualityoflifeofmostworkers.TheATMparadoxisagoodexampleofthis.Astheuseofautomatictellermachinesspreadinthe1980sand'90s,manypredictedmassiveunemploymentinthebankingsector.Instead,ATMscreatedmorejobsasthecostofopeningnewagenciesdecreased.Thenumberofagenciesmultiplied,asdidtheportfolioofbankingproducts.Thankstoautomation,goingtothebankoffersamuchbettercustomerexperiencethaninpreviousdecades.Andthejobsintheindustrybecamebetterpaidandwereofbetterquality.Thisoptimistscenarioassumes,however,thateducationsystemswilldoabetterjobofpreparingourchildrentobecomegoodatwhathumansdobest:creativeandcriticalthinking.Lesslearning-by-heartandmorelearning-by-doing.Fewerclericalskillsandmorephilosophicalinsightsabouthumannatureandhowtocatertoitsinfiniteneedsforartandculture.Tobecomecreativeandcriticalthinkers,ourchildrenwillneedknowledgeandwisdommorethanrawdatapoints.Theyneedtoask“why?”,“how?”and“whatif?”moreoftenthan“what?”,“who?”and“when?”Andtheymustconstructthisknowledgebyrelyingondatabasesascognitivepartnersassoonastheylearnhowtoreadandwrite.Thus,thefutureofhuman-machinecooperationlookslesslikethescenariointheTerminatormoviesandmorelikeaMinorityReport-styleof“augmentedintelligence”.Therewillbejobsifweadapttheeducationsystemtoequipourchildrentodowhathumansaregoodat:tothinkcriticallyandcreatively,todevelopknowledgeandwisdom,toappreciateandcreatebeautifulworksofart.Thatdoesnotmeanitwillbeapainlesstransition.Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyreplacethem,requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.No,artificialintelligencewon’t___51___yourchildren’sjobsPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsA____52____phenomenonWiththeriseofAI,machines____53____

threatenthesecurityofpeople’scurrentjobs,makingthefutureoftheworkforcelookratherdarkandgloomy.AnobjectiveanalysisThosenotskilledincomputerusingneedtoplan___54___,fortheyareatahigherriskoflosingtheirjobstomachines.Drivers,facedwiththeincreasingpopularityofautomatedcars,needtobecompensated,___55___forre-employment.ATMs,though,createwell-paidjobsaswellasincreasecustomers’____56____.ApracticalsolutionAdjustmentsneedtobemadetoeducationsystemsby

___57___ourchildrenforthejobs

___58___creativeandcriticalthinking.___59___oflearningphilosophyandchangeinthewayoflearningstyleswillbeintroducedfordevelopingcriticalthinkers.AsafeconclusionAIwon’tcostyourchildrentheirjobs.Instead,itwillmakethemmorecreativeand___60___.

参考答案：51.steal/take

52.worrying

53.seemingly

54.ahead/earlier

55.trained/retrained

56.satisfaction

57.equipping/preparing

58.involving

59.Transition

60.productive/fruitful本文是一篇说明文，是科普类的文章。机器和自动化可能会像过去一样，夺走数百万低质量的工作岗位。但是高质量的工作很可能会取代它们，需要更少的体力劳动和更短的时间来产生更好的结果。人工智能不会让你的孩子失去工作。相反，它将使他们更有创造力和成果。【51题详解】根据第一段“Whateveryourjobis,thechancesarethatoneofthesemachinescandoitfasterorbetterthanyoucan.”（不管你的工作是什么，这些机器都有可能比你做得更快或更好。）和最后一段中根据最后一段中Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyreplacethem,requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.（机器和自动化可能会像过去一样，夺走数百万低质量的工作岗位。但是高质量的工作很可能会取代它们，需要更少的体力劳动和更短的时间来产生更好的结果。）可知，人工智能不会取代你孩子的工作。故答案为steal/take。【52题详解】根据第二段中Asinnovationaccelerates,thousandsofjobswilldisappear,justasithashappenedinthepreviouscyclesofindustrialrevolutions.可知，这是一个令人担忧的现象。故答案为worrying。【53题详解】根据第二段中MachinespoweredbynarrowAIalgorithmscanalreadyperformcertain3-Dtasks(“dull,dirtyanddangerous”)muchbetterthanhumans.Thismaycreateenormouspainforthosewhoarelosingtheirjobsoverthenextfewyears,particularlyiftheydon'tacquirethecomputer-relatedskillsthatwouldenablethemtofindmorecreativeopportunities.可知，随着人工智能的崛起，机器似乎威胁着人们当前工作的安全，使得劳动力的未来看起来相当灰暗。故答案为seemingly。【54题详解】根据第二段中Thismaycreateenormouspainforthosewhoarelosingtheirjobsoverthenextfewyears,particularlyiftheydon'tacquirethecomputer-relatedskillsthatwouldenablethemtofindmorecreativeopportunities.可知，那些不熟练使用计算机的人需要提前计划，因为他们面临着被机器抢走工作的更高风险。故答案为ahead/earlier。【55题详解】根据第三段中Whenautomatedcarsbecomearealityinthenext15to25years,wemustofferpeoplewhowillbe“structurallyunemployed”somesortofcompensationincome,trainingandre-positioningopportunities.可知，面对日益普及的自动化汽车，司机们需要得到补偿，接受再就业培训。故答案为trained/retrained。【56题详解】根据第五段中Instead,ATMscreatedmorejobsasthecostofopeningnewagenciesdecreased.Thenumberofagenciesmultiplied,asdidtheportfolioofbankingproducts.Thankstoautomation,goingtothebankoffersamuchbettercustomerexperiencethaninpreviousdecades.Andthejobsintheindustrybecamebetterpaidandwereofbetterquality.可知，然而，自动取款机不仅能创造高薪工作，还能提高顾客的满意度。故答案为satisfaction。【57题详解】根据第六段中Thisoptimistscenarioassumes,however,thateducationsystemswilldoabetterjobofpreparingourchildrentobecomegoodatwhathumansdobest:creativeandcriticalthinking.可知，我们需要调整教育体制，使我们的孩子能够从事创造性和批判性思维的工作。故答案为equipping/preparing。【58题详解】根据第六段中Thisoptimistscenarioassumes,however,thateducationsystemswilldoabetterjobofpreparingourchildrentobecomegoodatwhathumansdobest:creativeandcriticalthinking.可知，我们需要调整教育体制，使我们的孩子能够从事创造性和批判性思维的工作。故答案为involving。【59题详解】根据第七段中Tobecomecreativeandcriticalthinkers,ourchildrenwillneedknowledgeandwisdommorethanrawdatapoints.可知，介绍学习哲学的转变和学习方式的变化，以培养批判性思考者。故答案为Transition。【60题详解】根据最后一段中Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyreplacethem,requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.可知，人工智能不会让你的孩子失去工作。相反，它将使他们更有创造力和成果。故答案为productive/fruitful。三、阅读理解19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Thecaseforcollegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration．

Allhighschoolgraduatesoughttogo,saysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence,becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoney,become“better”people,andlearntobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon’tgo．

Butcollegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone．Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending,thosewhodon’tfitthepatternarebecomingmorenumerous,andmoreobvious．Collegegraduatesaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother’sexperimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool．Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudies,anddropout------oftenencouragedbycollegeadministrators．Someobserverssaythefaultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves-----theyarespoiledandtheyareexpectingtoomuch．Butthatisacondemnationofthestudentsasawhole,anddoesnotexplainallcampusunhappiness．Othersblamethestateoftheworld,andtheyarepartlyright．We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycannotabsorbanarmyofuntrained18-year-olds．Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrained22-year-olds,either．Someadventuresomeeducatorsandcampuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest,theproper,theonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhighschool．We_may_have_been_looking_at_all_those_surveys_and_statistics_upside_down,_it_seems,_and_through_the_rosy_glow_of_our_own_remembered_college_experiences．Perhapscollegedoesnotmakepeopleintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,orquicktolearnthings-----maybeitisjusttheotherwayround,andintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,quick-learningpeopleareonlythe