中考英语复习之主谓一致（语法一致）课件

专题十Subject-verbAgreement

（主谓一致）中考英语语法专题本专题内容适用于7--9年级学生本专题一般共需2课时第一课时语法一致

一、何谓主谓一致

二、语法一致原则

三、巩固练习

一、何谓主谓一致

在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

找出下列句子的错误1.Thesadnewsmakemecry.2.Myshoesisnew.3.Thereareabookandtworulersonthedesk.Let’stry.make--makesis---areare--is二、语法一致原则语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。SunLiisreallyagoodactress.Seeingisbelieving.WangHanandHeJiongarebothfamoushosts.Whathedidisreallydisappionting.1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Hisfatheris

workingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwell

isnoteasy.Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago.Readinginthesun

isbadforyoureyes.

注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.WhatIsayanddois(are)

helpfultoyou.2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：LucyandLilyaretwins.SheandIareclassmates.BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.

注意：①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：Thewriterandartisthas

come.②表整体概念或配套事物的并列结构：breadandbutterknifeandforkironandsteellawandorderawatchandchainaneedleandthread

Theknifeandforkisonthedesk.刀叉放在桌子上。③

由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,everymorethana(an),manya(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom../Noboyandnogirllikesit.3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：Mr.Green,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,has

cometoChina.NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Eachofushasanewbook./Everythingaroundusismatter.

注意：①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neitherofthetextsis(are)

interesting.②若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.Quiz即学即练1.Maryaswellashersisters____ChineseinChina.arestudyingB.havestudiedC.studiesD.study2.Every'boyandeverygirl____toattendtheeveningparty.A.wishB.wishesC.islikeD.like3.TheLeaguesecretaryandthemonitor____askedtoattendthe.meetingthisafternoon.A.isB.wasC.areD.isbeing4.Thegreatwriterandprofessor____.A.isanoldmanB.arebotholdmenC.isanoldmanandayoungmanD.weretwoChineseQuiz即学即练1.Maryaswellashersisters__C__ChineseinChina.arestudyingB.havestudiedC.studiesD.study2.Every'boyandeverygirl__B__toattendtheeveningparty.A.wishB.wishesC.islikeD.like3.TheLeaguesecretaryandthemonitor__C__askedtoattendthe.meetingthisafternoon.A.isB.wasC.areD.isbeing4.Thegreatwriterandprofessor__A__.A.isanoldmanB.arebotholdmenC.isanoldmanandayoungmanD.weretwoChinese5、在定语从句时，关系代词that,who,which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：Heisoneofmyfriendswhoare

workinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。如：ClassFourisonthethirdfloor./ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.

注意：people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：Thepoliceare

lookingforthelostchild.7、由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.Therestofthelectureis

wonderful.50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.

注意：anumberof“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；thenumberof“…的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。

8、在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：Therecomesthebus.公交车来了。Onthewallaremanypictures.墙上有很多画。Suchistheresult.这就是结果。Sucharethefacts.这些就是事实。Quiz即学即练1.Over80percentofthepopulationofChina____peasants.A.wasB.isC.wouldbeD.are2.Alargenumberofstudentsinourclass____girls.A.areB.wasC.isD.be3.Sheistheonlyoneofdiestudentswho____elected.areB.haveC.hasD.is4.Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthat____asked.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeen5.Thepolice____themurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.A.issearchingforB.weresearchingforC.aresearchingforD.weresearchingQuiz即学即练1.Over80percentofthepopulationofChina__D__peasants.A.wasB.isC.wouldbeD.are2.Alargenumberofstudentsinourclass__A__girls.A.areB.wasC.isD.be3.Sheistheonlyoneofdiestudentswho__D__elected.areB.haveC.hasD.is4.Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthat__C__asked.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeen5.Thepolice__B__themurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.A.issearchingforB.weresearchingforC.aresearchingforD.weresearching中考真题1.(2020黑龙江齐齐哈尔市)9．Toavoidgathering(聚集),neitherthestudentsnortheirheadteacher_______goingtothepartythisevening.A．was

B．are

C．is2.(2020湖南怀化)5．JourneytotheWestisinteresting.Bothmyfatherandmysister______thebookverymuch.A．likesB．likeC．dislike3.(2020甘肃天水)43．NotonlyJimb