复合句的百慕大三角（定语从句状语从句名词性从句）

复合句的百慕三角一.复合句的种类A.定语从句B.状语从句C.名词性从句三角区的由来在于ABC三者的关系.包括区别,联系,转化,融合.一.定语从句与同位语从句1.When,where,why在定从和同从中的应用

1)wehaven’tyetsettledthequestion___wearegoingtospendoursummervacationon1stOct.

A.when

B.where

C.that

D.which

2)I’llneverforgettheday___IjoinedtheLeague.A.whenB.that

C.inwhichD.which3)Thereason___hemovedtotheUSAisnotcleartome.

A.why

B.that

C.when

D.which4)Wehaven’tfoundouttheproblem__the

computerwasoutoforder.

A.why

B.that

C.which

D.whether

5)Isthisthereason__atthemeetingforhisbeingabsentfromhiswork?A.whyheexplainedB.heexplainedC.whenheexpained

D.howheexplained小结:相同点:when,where,why在定从中和同从中均充当状语成分不同点：when,where,why在定从中有相应的先行词，可表示为介词＋关系代词；而在同从中无相应先行词，不可表示为介＋关系代２．That在定从与同从中的区别用A:that

B:which

填空

1)weallhaveheardthenews__ourteamwon.2)wedon’tbelievethenews__hetoldusyesterday.3)thepoliceruledoutthepossibility__Justintoldthem.

4)Thepoliceruledoutthepossibility__Jutinwastakenawaybythealiens.5)Thenews__youtoldmeyesterdaywastrue.6)Thenews__thepresidentwillvisitourschoolspreadquickly.小结:定语从句与先行词是修饰关系,关系代词that\which在从句中做主,宾，表等成分,从句成分缺失;同位语从句与被解释词是解释说明关系,连接词that在句中不作成分,从句成分完整.3.关于point,situation,condition,case等引起的从句.1)Mr.Greentookupthestoryatthepoint__thethiefhadjustmadeoffwiththejewels.

A.where

B.which

C.as

D.when2)IfeeluncomfortableeachtimeIremememberthesituation__Marydidn’tagreewithme__thematter.

A.that,over

B.in

which,over

C.whichabout

D.where,to

3)Ifyouwereinasituation__fiveofusonlyhadonelifejacket,whatwouldhappen?A.where

B.which

C.when

D.that4)there’sonepoint__wemustinsiston.

小结:先行词为point,situation,condition,case

时,多用where引导定从,而这些名词往往被误认为在其后跟了同位语从句.二.定从与主从,宾从和表从1.定从与主从翻译:不论谁在公共场所随意吐痰都该被罚翻译:无论他做什么都不会对我有什么影响.a.Whoeverspitsinpublicshouldbepunished.b.Anyonewhospitsinpublicshould…a.Whateverhedoesmakesnodifferencetome.b.Anythingthathedoesmakesno…

小结:whoever=anyonewho;whatever=anythingthat判断正误:a.Whobreaksthelawwillbepunishedb.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.(c.Whorobbedthebankisnotclear.d.Whoeverrobbedthebankisnotclear.小结:时态与意义判断..(误)正)(正)(误)翻译（用定、主、表、宾四种从句）众所周知，纸首先在中国制造。1）Asisknowntousall,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.(定从)2)ItisknowntousallthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.（主从）3)WhatisknowntousallisthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.（表从）4)WeallknowthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.（宾从）小结:定语从句与主宾表从句在特定情况下可以表示相同的意思。填空：

1)Hetoldusall__hadhappened10yearsago.A.thatB.whatC.which2)Hehastoldusall___heexperiencedabroad.A.whichB.whatC.howD.when小结:what=somethingthatallthat=what练习：Ourhometownisnolonger__shewas20yearsago.ThatB.whichC.whereD.what2)Itseemstousthatnoreason__hegaveusforhisabsenseisbelievable.ThatB.whatC.whyD.which3)Theartcenteris__usedtobeafactory,__millionsoftractorsweremade.what,whereB.where,whereC.what,whichD.where,which4)Theplace___thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe__thecrossrivertrafficistheheavest.which,whereB.atwhich,whichC.atwhich,whereD.which,inwhich5)Noonebelievedhisreasonforbeinglate___hewascaughtinatrafficjam,___makehimembrassed.Athat,whichB.why,whichC.why,whatD.that,what6)___isknowntoallisthattheoldscientist,for__lifewashardinthepast,stillworksveryhardinhiseighties.A.As,whomB.What,whomC.It,whoseD.As,whose7)Desertification,thenamefor__happenswhenfarmablelandisturnedindesert,isagrowingworldproblem.A.whichB.whereC.whatDhow8)Theresercherswhostudyjokeswanttoknow__peoplefromdifferentnationsandculturesfindfunny.A.WhyB.thatB.whatD.whether总结：用什么样的关系词或连接词，均要在从句中分析查找。关系词和连接词存在某种转化关系：What=allthat/somethingthatWhatever=anythingthatWhoever=anyonewho2.高考考查的趋势是多种复合句的融合，而非单一句法的考查。3.定语从句与名词性从句的本质区别：定从多存在被修饰的先行词，且先行词（或关系词）在从句中作成分；名从没有先行词，名从中的连接词除了that、whether外，均在从句中作成分。三、定语从句与状语从句1.Where引导的定从与状从的区别填空：1)Thisistheplace__welivedfortenyears.2)Youngpeopleshouldgo__theyaremostneeded.3)Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings___youcanfindthemeasily.4)Istillrememberthebus___Imetyouforthefirsttime.5)___thereisawill,thereisaway.6)Heleftthekey___hehadbeenanhourbefore.7)Heleftthekeyattheplace___hehadbeenanhourbefore.8)Helefttheplace___helivedformanyyears.whenB.whereC.thereD.Inwhich小结：1）where引导定从修饰先行词，在从句中作地点状语；where引导状从，修饰主句动词或整个句子，有时可以放句首。2）若where引导状从放于动词vi后，则状从可与定从转化。2.such…as/such…that在定从与状从中的区别。Thisissointerestingabook____allofofuswanttoreadit.Thisissointerestingabook__allofuswanttoread.Heissuchagoodteacher___wealllikehim.Heissuchagoodteacher__allofusloveandrespect.小结：so/such…that引导状从，that从句成分完整，而定语从句先行词被so/such修饰时，常用as引导从句，且从句缺少成分。练习：WuHanwasattackedbysuchaterriblesnowstorm____fewpeoplehadexpectedbefore.ThatB.asC.whichD.what2)Suchgoodusehasbeen___hissparetime___hisEnglishhasimprovedalot.A.madeof,thatB.strengthened,asC.Underlinedin,asD.foundin,which四、定从与并列句MrSmithhasathreesons,noneof___isacomputerexpert.Hehasthreesisters,___aredoctors.ShehasthreeCDs,butnoneof___isinteresting.Ihavemanyfriends,andallof__areniceandfriendly.MissYanghassomerelativeshere;___likeherverymuch.A.WhomB.themC.theyD.who小结：定从与主句有逗号分隔时，没有and,but,so,or,while等连词；并列句由and,but,or,so,while

等并列连词连接，或用分号分隔。练习：Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mostof___hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.2)Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,andmostof____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.3)Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows;mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.4)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceof___wasreasonable.5)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase;thepriceofitwasreasonable.6)John’sparent’skepttellinghimthatheshouldworkhard,but___didn’thelp.7)ShethoughtIwastalingaboutherdaugther,___infact,Iwastalingaboutmydaughter.A.WhomB.whereC.whileD.which8)Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofheroleintheplay,___ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.WhoB.whichC.thisD.what9)Thereweremanypeopleinth

ereadingroom,andmostof___hadtheirheadsbentdownovertheirbooks.A.WhomB.themC.thatD.which五:定语从句与强调句区别where1)Itisthehouse____imettheyoungman.2)Itwasinthehouse___Imettheyoungman.3)IsitGuangmingTheatre_____youaregoingtowatchthefamousplay?

2:区别when1)Itwasfiveo’clock_theaccidenthappened.2)Itwasatfiveo’clock_theaccidenthappened.3)Wasit12：00pm.___youarrivedhomelastnight?A.OnwhichB.thatC.when小结：区别when/where引导的定语从句与强调句，要看在疑似强调句的被强调部分前是否有介词。若有介词，则多为强调句；反之，多为定语从句。但不是必然的。3.定语从句与强调句的情景化区别1)---Wheredidyougettoknowher?---Itwasonthefarm__weworked.ThatB.whereC.whichD.there2)---Wheredidfirebrokeout?---Itwasinthehotel___Ilivedlastlastnight.A.ThatB.whereC.whichD.there3)---Whendidaccidenthappen?---Itwasat5:00___Igotup.A.ThatB.whenC.inwhichD.which4)---hewasnearlydrownedonce.---whenwashe___?---___wasin1988___hewasinmiddleschool.A.that,itwhenB.this,this,whenC.this,it,thatD.that,it,that

4.定从与强调句的结合Itistheyoungman___lookedfor___caughtthemurderer.A.that,whoB.that,theyC.they,thatD.they,which2)Itistheabilitytodothejob__mattersnot__youcomefromor___youare.One,where,thatB.that,where,whatC.that,there,whatD.which,which,what六：定从与非谓语动词限制性定从与非谓语动词

1)AstudentofEnglish___limitedexercisesfindsithardtogetagoodmarkinanexam.IsusedtodealwithB.usedtodealwithC.isusedtodealingwithD.usedtodealingwithAstudentofEnglishwhoisusedtodealingwithlimitedexercisesfindsithardtogetagoodmarkinanEnglishexam.小结：限制性定从与非谓语动词作定语存在相互转化关系，作题时适当运用这种转化利于看清句子的结构。2.非限制性定语从句与非谓语动词Herhusbanddied,whichmadeherliveahardlife.Herhusbanddied,makingherliveahardlife.soshelivedahardlife.小结：非限制性定从若与主句存在因果关系，则常可转化为非谓语动词作结果状语或结果状语从句。大总结:复合句学习的三境界区别----融合----应用只有达到灵活应用的境界,才能在复合句的三角区中纵横驰骋.练习:适当应用复合句,结合unit3的短语,翻译如下短文:我的朋友玛丽一直为自己的身材而羞愧，非常渴望有一个苗条的身材。她充分利用业余时间，每周去体操馆锻炼三次，然而并没有效果因为她胃口很好。后来，她又开始节食，并发誓至少要减去10公斤，结果，她的努力以失