2023年上半年学士学位英语试题

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试PartIReadingComprehension（30%）Directions：Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage：Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（天线）。Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear，scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth，addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asignofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna，"saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH，whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity，butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearlyl980s，withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers.butalargestudybytheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow‘steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism，theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting，buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance，ifany，ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown，theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation，”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden，wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects.”theywrote.1.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisTRUE？A.Cellphoneuseisdangerous.B.Cellphoneusecausescancer.C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.D.Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.2.DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphoneB.shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrainC.shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivityD.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation3.Accordingtothepassage，cellphoneswerelaunched_______.A.inthelate1970sB.between1980and1985B.inthelate1980sD.intheearly1990s4.Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph？A.Brainactivity.B.Herresearchfindings.C.Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.D.Herresearchprogress.5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage？A.CellPhoneRadiation：IsItHarmful？B.CellPhoneRadiati0n：IsItUseful？C.CellPhoneRadiation：IsItHealthy？D.CellPhoneRadiation：IsItWeak？Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage：6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew：We'vebeendrivingwhile1isteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthel930s.ButthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers，whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM（即时通讯）conversations，watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.Butwhat‘stheimpactofthismediaconsumption？Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn，reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother？Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions，buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.（79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday‘sfast-pacedworkplace，manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework，playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV，aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.Onthepositiveside，multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodemchildhoodcentersaroundvisual（视觉旳）ratherthanprintmedia，theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanykidsleadhighlyscheduledlivesthatleavelittletimeforold—fashionedsocializingandfamilymeals.Indeed，manyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过重旳）schedulesdrivemuchoftheirmultitasking.Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatorstoteachkidsthatit‘svaluable，evenessential，tooccasionallyslowdown，unplugandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage？B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout？C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife？D.What‘stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople？7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.A.LowspeedB.Toomuchtimealone.C.highspeedD.steadyspeed8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents，whatcausestheirmultitasking？A.OvercommittedschedulesB.ToomuchtimealoneC.InabilitytofocusD.Fearofbeingneglected9.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE？A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage.B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool.C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits.D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday‘sfast-pacesworkenvironment.10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids？A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection.B.Toseekmedicaltreatment.C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife.D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoalsPassage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage：ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil（化石）fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident，25yearsagoinChernobyl（切尔诺贝利）beginningtofadeinEuropeanmemories，governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope，whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas，andonheavilypollutingcoal—firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrisis，discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated.（80）InGermany，nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades.Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recently，about40，000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope，”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants.”Chancellor（总理）AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-fightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry‘s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressuretochangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave，”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan.11.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE？A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil.B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels.C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear.D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies.12.Accordingtothepassage，allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplantsB.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsagoC.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplantsD.theywantenergyindependence13.Inthesecondparagraph，theauthormainlydiscusses_______.A.thenuclearaccidentsinJapanlastMarchB.nuclearpowerpoliciesinGermanyC.GermanattitudetowardsnuclearpowerD.thesafetylevelsofnuclearpowerplantsinGermany14.Theword“heads”inthethirdparagraphcanbebestreplacedby______.A.leadsB.topsC.mindsD.arms15.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage？A.Japan‘sNuclearCrisisCausesFearinEurope.B.TheChernobylDisasterHelpsEuropeBetterUnderstandNuclearPowerEnergy.C.GermanGovernmentsSupportsNuclearPowerEnergy.D.GermanyHasLearntaLessonFromJapan.PartIIVocabularyandStructure（30%）Directions：Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.16.Bynomeanstoherparents.A.thisisthefirsttimehassheliedB.thisisthefirsttimedoesshetellalieC.isthisthefirsttimeshehasliedD.isthisthefirsttimeshewaslying17.Youhavefailedtwotests.You‘dbetterstartworkingharder，___youwon‘tpassthecourse.A.andB.butC.orD.SO18.Hischildrenarewell—behaved，thoseofhissister‘sareverynaughty.A.andB.soC.thusD.while19.Howcanyoukeepfit____yousmokesomucheveryday？A.butB.howeverC.ifD.otherwise20.Thenewshasspreadalloverthecountrythespaceshipsucceededinreturningtotheearth.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whether21.Ididn‘tknowyourmobilephonenumber；otherwisel__youthemomentIgottoWashington.A.hadrungB.wouldringC.haverungD.wouldhaverung22.Astheyareretired.Mr.andMrs.Scottpreferahouseinthecountrytotheirremainingyearsthere.A.spendB.spendingC.spentD.spends23.byhisgrandparents，Jimmywasn‘tusedtolivingwithhisparents.A.TobringupB.TobebroughtupC.BroughtupD.Beingbroughtup24.Pleaseremain.untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated25.Whilewatchingtelevision，.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbelltingsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbelltings26.，thepayisn‘tattractiveenough，thoughthejobitselfisquiteinteresting.A.GenerallyspeakingB.OnthecontraryC.InparticularD.Tobehonest27.TherobberhadescapedandwasnowheretobefoundwhenthePolice.A.arrivedB.hadarrivedC.arriveD.havearrived28.ProfessorWilsonkeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturetothewell—educated.A.isbelongedB.isbelongingC.belongsD.willbebelonged29.Thiscompanyisclosingup，solotsofworkerswillbelaid.A.downB.outC.offD.aside30.JusttakeiteasyandUSexactlywhathashappened.A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk31.Somedevelopedcountriesaretryingtotheseriousproblemsresultingfromtheenergycrisis.A.stepupB.copewithC.cutoffD.endup32.Heissuchamanwhoisalwaysfaultwithotherpeople.A.puttingB.seekingC.findingD.lookingfor33.Afterheretiredfromoffice，Rogerspaintingforawhile，butsoonlostinterest.A.tookupB.savedupC.keptupD.drewup34.Fire，allexitsmustbekeptclear.A.InplaceofB.InsteadofC.IncaseofD.Inspiteof35.Myparentswillmovebackintotowninayearor.A.1aterB.afterC.soD.about36.Dogshaveaverygoodofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchforsurvivorsinanearthquake.A.senseB.viewC.meansD.idea37.ThehouseIgrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuildin9.A.initB.inwhatC.inthatD.inwhich38.Tomhasalreadygivenuptheofsmokingforthesakeofhealth.A.customB.habitC.hobbyD.convention39.StephenBullonistheonlymaninthevillagetodaythathassurvivedtheWar.A.1iveB.1ivedC.aliveD.active40.Assheenteredtheroomshecouldseebigbrightlightshungfromthe.A.roofB.topC.ceilingD.height41.Thoseexperimentshavelaidasolidfoundationforhisresearchinmaterialscience.A.farB.deepC.fartherD.further42.Theweatherforecastsaysitisgoingtoclearsoon.A.upB.outC.overD.about43.Hewillcometocallonyouthemomenthehiswork.A.willfinishB.finishesC.finishedD.tofinish44.suchagoodchance，howcouldsheletitslipaway？A.HavinggivenB.GivingC.HavingbeengivenD.Give45.Previoushisdeparture，headdressedalettertohisdaughter.A.toB.ofC.inD.fromDirections：EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA，B，CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.46.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront，butIdon‘thaveABCenoughmoneytobuythat.

D47.IinvitedJoeandLindaaswellasTomtodinner，butneitherofABCDthemcame.48.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeetingthoughyoudon‘tABCmindtakingthenighttrain.D49.WhynotstayathomesincethattheroadissoslipperyaftertheABCheavy_snow？D50.Lookout！Don‘tgettooclosetothehousethatroofisunderABCDrepair.51.SomechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguageABdifferentfromwhichtheirparentsspeakathome.CD52.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher，IwouldnotwinthefirstABCprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.D53.ThosebravearmysoldierswouldratherdiewiththeirheadshighthanABlivedwiththeirkneesbent.CD54.NosoonerhadProfessorSmithbeguntospeakwhensomenoiseABCarosefromtheaudience.D55.Itisnogoodtrytoremembergrammaticalrules.YouneedtopracticeABCwhatyouhavelearned.DPartIVCloze（10％）Directions：Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage，andforeachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA，B，CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondinglettertheAnswerSheet.Themysterioustigerhasbeenasymbolofpowerandstrengthforcenturies.Itspowerisa56tohunters，57havetriedtokillittoprovetheirownskilland58.InIndia59thenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies，1argepartiesof60fromaroundtheworld61gooutonhugetigerhunts.Hundredsoftigerscouldbekilledinafewweeks.Asa620fthisover-hunting，63withlossofhabitat（栖息地），thepopulationoftigersinIndiadroppedfromabout40，00064theturnofthetwentiethcenturytoabout2，000byl972.WiththehelpofIndiaandotherconcernedcountries.TheWorldWildlifeFund650perationTigerinl972tosavethetiger66dyingout.Sincethen，seventeentigerpreserves（保护区）havebeen67，andthetigerpopulationinIndiahasrisento684，000and5，000.Butwhenpeopleliveonthe69ofthetigerpreserves，tigerssometimeskilltheirfarmanimalsandattackpeople—about600peopleinIndiahavebeenkilledbytigersinthelastdozenyears.70tigersdonoteathumans.But“old，woundedandhomeless”tigerscanbecomehabitual（习惯旳）man-eaters.InoneareainIndia，inIndia，villagershave71acleversolution.Theywirelifelikehumandummies（假人）toelectricity72thetigersgeta（n）73shockwhentheyattack.Itishopedthatinthiswaytigerswilllearnto74people.Buttheconflictbetweenhumanandtiger75.Onlyifpeoplehaveenoughfood，shelterandfuelwillthetigersurviveinthelongrun.Andonlyifthetigeranditsforestsurvivewillpeoplehaveanaturalworldtheycanreturnto.56.A.successionB.challengeC.guaranteeD.intelligence57.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.those58.A.braveryB.intentionC.ambitionD.harmony59.A.onB.throughoutC.withD.for60.A.statesmenB.salesmenC.sportsmenD.chairmen61.A.hadbetterB.wouldratherC.oughttoD.usedto62.A.resultB.conditionC.lackD.cause63.A.providedB.guidedC.perceivedD.combined64.A.withB.forC.atD.in65.A.fastenedB.foundedC.surveyedD.interfered66.A.throughB.fromC.awayD.out67.A.setupB.stoodupC.paidbackD.holdback68.A.amongB.throughC.betweenD.from69.A.edgeB.bakeC.frontD.center70.A.OccasionallyB.UsuallyC.RarelyD.Repeatedly71.A.lookeduptoB.passedbyC.keptintouchwithD.comeupwith72.A.assoonasB.sothatC.aslongasD.forfearthat73.A.delicateB.sensitiveC.electricD.magnifi