2021高考江苏译林英语一轮复习：话题重组练1 (完形：记叙文；阅读：生态环保类)

.下载后可自行编辑修改，页脚下载后可删除。话题重组练一(完形：记叙文；阅读：生态环保类)Ⅰ.完形填空(2021·天津高考)ThejourneymydaughterCathyhashadwithherswimmingisaslongasitisbeautiful.Cathysufferedsometerrible1inherearlychildhood.Afteryearsofregulartreatment，she2becamehealthy.Twoyearsago，whileCathywaswatchingtheOlympics，adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.Lastsummer，shewantedto3ourlocalswimteam.Shepracticedhardandfinally4it.Theteampractice，5，wasaroughstart.Shecoughedandchokedandcouldhardly6herfirstfewweeks.Hearinghercoughingbitterlyonenight，Idecidedto7herfromitall.ButCathywokemeupearlynextmorning，wearingherswimsuit8togo!Itoldhersheshouldn'tswimafterawholenight'scoughing，butsherefusedto9andinsistedshego.Fromthatdayon，Cathykeptswimminganddidn't10asinglepractice.Shehada11intentionwithinherselftobethebestshecouldbe.Myten­year­oldwasgrowingandchangingrightbeforemyeyes，intothis12humanbeingwithapassionandamission.Thereweremomentsof13ofcourse：oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace.ItwasdifficultforCathytoacceptthatshewasn'ta14—ever.Butthatdidn'tstopherfromtrying.Thencamethefinalawardsceremonyattheendoftheyear.Cathydidn'texpectanyawardbutwasstillthereto15herfriendsandpraisetheiraccomplishments.Astheceremonywasnearingtheend，Isuddenlyheardtheheadcoach16，“ThehighesthonorgoestoCathy！〞Lookingaround，hecontinued，“Cathyhasinspireduswithher17andenthusiasm.18skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess，themostvaluableasset(财富)onecanholdistheheart.〞Itwasthegreatest19ofmydaughter'slife.Withallshehadbeen20inhertenyears，thiswasthehouroftruetriumph(成功)．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者十岁的女儿凯西在游泳训练的过程中所表现出的坚强的意志和热情以及给他人带来的鼓舞。1．A.failure B．pressureC．loss D．illness【解析】下文语境题。联系下文的关键词treatment及becamehealthy可知，作者的女儿凯西曾得过严重的疾病(illness)。failure失败；pressure压力；loss失去，丧失。【答案】D2．A.usually B．finallyC．firstly D．frequently【解析】上下文语境题。联系前文的Afteryearsofregulartreatment及后文的becamehealthy可知，凯西最终(finally)得以恢复安康。usually通常；firstly首先；frequently频繁地。【答案】B3．A.improve B．trainC．join D．contact【解析】上文语境题。联系前文的adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer可知，凯西想参加(join)我们当地的游泳队。improve改善；train训练；contact联系。【答案】C4．A.increased B．foundC．created D．made【解析】固定搭配题。联系前后文可知，凯西通过刻苦训练，最终参加了游泳队(madeit)。makeit为固定搭配，意为“获得成功〞。increase增加；find发现；create创造。【答案】D5．A.however B．thereforeC．otherwise D．instead【解析】上下文语境题。由空格前的madeit及后文的aroughstart可知，虽然凯西最终参加了游泳队，但(however)训练却异常艰辛。前后文在语意上是转折关系，故填however。therefore因此；otherwise否那么，不然；instead反而，代替。【答案】A6．A.use B．surviveC．save D．waste【解析】上文语境题。由空格前的shecoughedandchoked可以看出，凯西一开场进展游泳训练遭遇了咳嗽、呛水等一系列困难，前几个星期几乎挺不下去(hardlysurviveherfirstfewweeks)。use使用；save节省，拯救；waste浪费。【答案】B7．A.pull B．tellC．hide D．fire【解析】上文语境题。一天晚上，作者听到女儿咳嗽得非常厉害，决定让女儿完全放弃这项运动(pullherfromitall)。文中的pullherfromit意为“把她从这项运动中拉(pull)出来〞，即让女儿放弃这项运动。tell告诉；hide隐藏；fire开火，辞退。【答案】A8．A.afraid B．nervousC．ready D．free【解析】上文语境题。联系空前的wearingherswimsuit可知，凯西已经为去参加游泳训练做好了准备(ready)。afraid害怕的；nervous紧张的；free免费的，自由的。【答案】C9．A.takeoff B．setoffC．giveup D．showup【解析】上下文语境题。联系空前的but，refused及空格后的insistedshego可知，当作者因为女儿晚上咳嗽而劝说她放弃游泳的时候，女儿拒绝放弃(giveup)，选择坚持。takeoff起飞，脱掉；setoff动身，引爆；showup出现，露面。【答案】C10．A.attend B．missC．ban D．start【解析】上下文语境题。联系空前的keptswimming可以看出凯西刻苦训练的决心。再结合空后的asinglepractice可推知，凯西一次训练也没有落下(miss)。attend参加；ban制止；start开场。【答案】B11．A.rich B．weakC．firm D．kind【解析】下文语境题。由该段后文可以看出，凯西心中一直充满坚决的(firm)信念，即使遇到困难也不放弃，不退缩。rich丰富的，富有的；weak虚弱的，弱小的；kind友好的，善良的。【答案】C12．A.trusted B．determinedC．experienced D．embarrassed【解析】下文语境题。联系下文的shewouldbethelastswimmer及Butthatdidn'tstopherfromtrying可以看出，凯西是一个意志坚决的(determined)人。trusted被信任的；experienced有经历的；embarrassed感到为难的。【答案】B13．A.frustration B．delightC．excitement D．surprise【解析】下文语境题。联系后文的oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace可知，凯西也遭遇过一些令她沮丧的时刻(momentsoffrustration)。delight快乐，快乐；excitement兴奋；surprise惊讶。【答案】A14．A.beginner B．learnerC．partner D．winner【解析】，凯西遇到很多挫折，但对于凯西来说，她不愿意承受自己不是赢家(winner)这件事。beginner初学者；learner学习者；partner伙伴，伙伴。【答案】D15．A.cheeron B．competewithC．respondto D．runafter【解析】下文语境题。由空格后的praisetheiraccomplishments可知，凯西参加颁奖典礼是为了称赞朋友们所取得的成绩。由andpraise可知，凯西为朋友们喝彩(cheeron)。competewith与……比赛；respondto对……做出反响；runafter追赶，追求。【答案】A16．A.admitting B．explainingC．announcing D．whispering【解析】下文语境题。联系空后引用的话可知，总教练在宣布(announce)比赛结果。admit成认，准许……进入；explain解释；whisper低语。【答案】C17．A.humor B．willC．honesty D．wisdom【解析】上下文语境题。联系倒数第三段对于意志坚决的凯西的描述及倒数第二段最后一句话中的themostvaluableassetonecanholdistheheart可以看出，凯西用她坚强的意志(will)和对游泳运动的热情鼓舞着她周围的人。humor幽默；honesty老实；wisdom智慧。【答案】B18．A.Although B．SinceC．Once D．Because【解析】语意逻辑题。skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess(技能和天赋给我们带来巨大的成功)和themostvaluableassetonecanholdistheheart(一个人所拥有的最有价值的财富是内心)之间是让步关系，所以选although引导让步状语从句。since引导原因或时间状语从句；once引导时间或条件状语从句；because引导原因状语从句。【答案】A19．A.discovery B．choiceC．influence D．moment【解析】下文语境题。联系该段最后一句中的thiswasthehouroftruetriumph可知，这是作者女儿生命中最重要的时刻(moment)。discovery发现；choice选择；influence影响。【答案】D20．A.through B．underC．across D．around【解析】下文语境题。联系空后的inhertenyears可知，此处表示“在她经历(through)的十年人生里〞。under在……下面；across横过；around在……周围。【答案】A【导学号：36742216】Ⅱ.阅读理解ABasedonnewanalysis,wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears,currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotter，forcinganimalstomigrate(迁徙)north.Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintense.Ifthechangescometooquickly,animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.AccordingtoScienceDaily,anewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100，manyoftoday'sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday'sworld.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefar­reachingconsequencesforthewholeworld.Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2004,aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2021,thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquake.Egyptwashitin2021withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2021byyetanothermassiveearthquake.Withinjustthelastfewmonths,newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispoint,itdoesn'tmatterwhatiscausingit,butrather,whatcanbedoneaboutit.What'smore,ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.Thereiswarandthreatofwareverywhere.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.However,otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来气候的变化对人和动物的生存环境的影响。1．WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?A．Toarousethereader'sconcern.B．Tointroducethethemeofthewholepassage.C．Tosummarizethewholepassage.D．Tostatehowclimatechanges.【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Basedonnewanalysis，wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.〞可知，最新研究数据说明，世界的气候变化已经严重地影响了社会和环境。而接下来的几段那么是围绕气候变化对社会和环境具体的影响而展开的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介绍文章的主题。应选B项。【答案】B2．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?A．Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.B．Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.C．Toshowthedamageearthquakescaused.D．Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.〞可知，列举最近地球上所发生的地震是为了说明地球正在发生着重大变化。应选A项。【答案】A3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofclimatechanges'effects?A．Animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.B．Itcouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.C．Currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandcompletelydisappear.D．Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears，currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.〞可知，地理学家预计在未来的八十年中，现在的世界气候带可能会改变，有的可能会完全消失，C项中说世界气候带可能会变化并会完全消失，与文中描述不符，故C项错误；根据第二段第一句“Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.〞可知，B项正确；根据第二段最后一句“Ifthechangescometooquickly，animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.〞可知，A项正确；根据倒数第二段最后一句“Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.〞可知，D项正确。应选C项。【答案】C4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Animalsandplantswon'tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.B．There'senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechange.C．Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.D．Theearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechange.【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“However，otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.〞可知，地球并不是唯一一个在经历气候变化的星球。应选D项。【答案】DB(2021·大庆市质量检测二)AccordingtotheUNIntergovernmentalPanel(专家咨询组)onClimateChange,℃inthepastcentury,causedmainlybyemissionsofgreenhousegasesproducedbyhumanactivities，suchastheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation.Temperaturesare℃℃inthenextcentury,accompaniedbysealevelriseandanincreaseinthefrequencyofextremeweatherevents.Thebestavailableevidencesuggeststhatclimatechangessincethe1970smayalreadybecausingover150，000deathsannually,andthatgreenhousegasemissionswouldincreasediseaseburdensinthecomingdecades.Therisksareconcentratedinthepoorestpopulation,whohavecontributedleasttotheproblem.TheKyotoProtocol(京都议定书)issignedby128nations，andcommitstheparticipatingindustrializedcountriestocuttingemissionsofgreenhousegasesbyover5%below1990levelbytheperiodof2021­2021.“Over600thousandpeoplediedinweather­relateddisastersinthe1990s.Temperatureandrainfallinfluencetheratesofdiseasesandinfectionsincludingmalaria，andmalnutrition，whichtogethercauseover3.5milliondeathsayear.TheKyotoProtocolisthefirststeptowardsprotectingtheclimatesystem，whichexertssuchastronginfluenceonourhealth〞，saidDrKerstinLeitner，AssistantDirector­GeneralforSustainableDevelopmentandHealthyEnvironments.Whileactingtoreducegreenhousegasemissions,itisalsoessentialtoprotectvulnerable(脆弱的)communitiesfromtheeffectsofclimatechanges.WHOworkstopromotemeasuressuchasprotectionfrommalariaandotherclimatesensitivediseases,andreliableaccesstocleanwaterandsanitation,forpeopleinthemostvulnerabledevelopingcountries.Increasingdiseasecontroleffortswillalsohelptoprotectcurrentandfuturegenerationsfromtheimpactsofgreenhousegasemissions.【语篇解读】这是一篇关于气候变化的文章。人类的某些行为导致的气候变化会危害人类自身，我们要采取必要的措施来拯救我们自己。5．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthereasonfortheriseofglobaltemperatures?A．Theburningoffossilfuels.B．Theriseofsealevel.C．Extremeweatherdisasters.D．Theemissionsofgreenhousegases.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“globaltemperatureshaverisen...emissionsofgreenhousegas