山东省聊城市2022-2023学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题 （含答案）

第21页/共21页聊城市2022—2023学年度上学期期中教学质量检测高二英语试题本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydidthewomanmissthehistoryclass?A.Shewassick.B.Shewasinjured.C.Sheattendedfootballpractice.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthelivingroom.B.Inthebedroom.C.Inthekitchen.3.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Goshopping.B.Dohisgeographyhomework.C.Helpthewomanwiththehousework.4.WhathashappenedtoMaryaccordingtotheman?A.Sheisignoredbythewoman.B.Sheishavingdifficultiesinschoolwork.C.Sheisbeingbotheredbyherfamily.5.Whatvehicleisthewomanabouttotakenext?A.Ataxi.B.Aplane.C.Atrain.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whattimeofyearisit?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Visitapark.B.Dosomegardening.C.Watchtheweatherforecast.听第7段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Goingtobed.B.Goingtothecinema.C.Goingtothedentist.9.Whenwillthewomanbookticketsfor?A.Tonight.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.听第8段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whyisthewomanlearningtodance?A.Tomeetnewpeople.B.ToperformonTV.C.Togetfit.11.Wherearethewoman’sdancingclassesheld?A.Inagym.B.Inadancestudio.C.Inaschoolhall.12.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutdancing?A.Excited.B.Disappointed.C.Anxious.听第9段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.WheredidthewomanlivetoimproveherEnglish?A.InAsia.B.InAustralia.C.InAmerica.14.Whatpercentagedoesthemanneedtobeintostudyabroad?A.Top5%.B.Top10%.C.Top20%.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Getapassport.B.Workonhisgrades.C.Develophiswritingskills.16Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Familymembers.C.Teacherandstudent.听第10段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Howlongdidittakepeopletoleavethebuilding?A.5minutes.B.10minutes.C.15minutes.18.Whatmistakedidthemajorityofpeoplemake?A.Theytooktheircoats.B.Theytooktheirbags.C.Theytooktheliftdown.19.Whatdopeopleneedtoeducatethemselvesabout?A.Howtoopenafiredoor.B.Wheretofindthenearestfireexit.C.Whattobringoutsideincaseofafire.20.Whatwillpeopledonext?A.Practiceoncemore.B.Putoutafire.C.Takeaclass.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AExploringLibrariesTherearethreebranchesoftheNewYorkPublicLibraryintheRiverdale/Kings-bridgearea,aswellasaBronx—widebranch.Eachhasthousandsofbooksforlending,aswellasweeklyreadingsandconcerts.Callbranchesforlibraryhours.●BronxLibraryCenter310E.KingsbridgeRoad(718)5794244ThelargestpubliclibraryintheBronx—this8,000-square-footcenterisNYPL’sfirstgreenlibraryandfeaturesthesystem’spremierLatinoandPuertoRicanHeritageCollection.HoursareMondaythroughSaturday,from9a.m.to9p.m.Sundays,noonto6p.m.●RiverdaleLibrary5540MosholoAve.(718)5491212AcrossthestreetfromRiverdaleNeighborhoodHouse,thisbranchhascathedralceilingsandissurroundedbytreesandgrass.HoursareMondaythroughThursdayfrom10a.m.to6p.m.FridayandSaturdayfrom10a.m.to5p.m.●KingsbridgeLibrary291W.231stSt.,atCorlearAvenue(718)548—5656TheKingsbridgeLibraryisthelargestlocallibrary.Itincludesanoutdoorgarden,amultipurposecommunityroom,andateenarea.HoursareMondaythroughThursdayfrom10a.m.to7p.m.FridayandSaturdayfrom10a.m.to5p.m.●VanCortlandtLibrary3882CannonPlace(718)543—5150LocatedrightalongtheB×1,B×2andB×10buslines,thislibraryisneartheJeromeParkReservoirandVanCortlandtPark.HoursareMondaythroughThursdayfrom10a.m.to7p.m.FridayandSaturdayfrom10a.m.to5p.m.Alllibrarypatrons(用户)inthesebranchesabovearerequiredtowearmasksinsidethebuilding,saysbranchmanagerRebeccaBrown—Barbier.Andformoreinformation,pleasecontactNYPL.org.1.WhichofthefollowingbranchesoffersserviceonSundays?A.VanCortlandtLibrary. B.BronxLibraryCenter.C.KingsbridgeLibrary. D.RiverdaleLibrary.2.WhatisspecialaboutKingsbridgeLibrary?A.Ithasspaceforteens.B.Itenjoysthreebuslinesnearby.C.It’sknownforNYPL’sfirstgreenlibrary.D.Itoffersamultipurposeentertainmentroom.3.Whatisamustforpatronsinthesebranches?A.Carryingtheirownlunch. B.BookingseatsatNYPL.org.C.Applyingforlibrarycards. D.Puttingontheirmasks.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是纽约公共图书馆的四个分馆的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据●BronxLibraryCenter部分的“HoursareMondaythroughSaturday,from9a.m.to9p.m.Sundays,noonto6p.m.(营业时间为星期一至星期六，上午9点至晚上9点，星期日中午至下午6点。)”可知，在星期日提供服务的是BronxLibraryCenter，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据●KingsbridgeLibrary部分的“Itincludesanoutdoorgarden,amultipurposecommunityroom,andateenarea.(它包括一个户外花园，一个多功能社区房间和一个青少年区。)”可知，KingsbridgeLibrary有青少年的空间。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Alllibrarypatrons(用户)inthesebranchesabovearerequiredtowearmasksinsidethebuilding(所有这些图书馆的用户都被要求在大楼内戴口罩)”可知，这些分馆的用户必须戴上口罩，故选D。BInastreetlargelyunchangedsinceitwasbuiltinthe1800s,Hobart’sBatteryPointisprobablythelastplaceyouwouldexpecttofindafarm.InonecornerofPeterHandy’sbackyardisacontrolledenvironmentunitthathousesverticalpastures(垂直牧场),thefirstofitskindinthesouthernhemisphere(半球).MrHandyischangingthedefinitionofwhatitmeanstobeafarmer.“Iknowit’sreallyfunny,becausewhenpeoplesaytome,‘Where’syourfarm?’,I’llsay‘it’sinBatteryPoint’andthey’relike,‘No,there’snofarmsinBatteryPoint’,”hesaid“PeoplethinktheMartianshavelandedbecausewe’vegotthismassive,bigpinklightthatcomesoutofitfromthebottombutotherthanthat,they’dhavenoidea.”Notjustabackyardproject,MrHandyisrunningabusiness.“It’sherebecauseIneedtobeasclosetomycustomers,thechefsandrestaurantsofHobart,”hesaid.“Iaimtousetheleastamountoffoodmilesaspossibleandmakethisasuper-efficientbusiness.”UsingLEDlightsandhydroponicnutrients,thefarmgrowsleafygreens,rootvegetablesandfloweringplants.“Idon’thavetoworryaboutfloods,wind,wildanimals,electricfences,turningthesoilover,”MrHandysaid.Using95percentlesswaterthantraditionalfarming,thefarmtickstheboxenvironmentally.“Imean,thisisdefinitelynottheanswertofoodsustainabilityintheworld.Butit’sdefinitelyapartofit.”SciencewriterJulianCribbbelievesaworldfoodcrisisiscoming,duetoacombinationoflossofwater,lossoftopsoil,climatechangeandoveruseofpoisons.“We’regoingtoneedtochangethenatureofthewayweproducefoodandchangethehumandietatthesametime,”hesaid,“andnewurbanfarmingmethodswouldseemostoftheworld’sgreatcitiesfeedingthemselves.”MrCribbsaidAustraliawasstillquiteawayofffromadoptingurbanfarming.ButhebelievesthatitposesaratheruniqueopportunityforAustralianfarmerstoselltheirexpertisetocities,teachingpeopletogrowfoodinurbanenvironments.4.WhatmightpeoplethinkofMrHandy’sfarm?A.Scared. B.Impressed.C.Disappointed. D.Confused.5.WhatdoesMrHandysayabouthisfarm?A.Itisnotaffectedbyweather.B.Itmainlyplantsandsellsflowers.C.Itservescustomersfromnearandfar.D.Itisthesolutiontofoodsustainability.6.What’sthepurposeofMr.Gribb’swordsinparagraph5?A.Topraisehiscontributiontoscience.B.Toexplainhowurbanfarmingworks.C.Tostressthenecessityofurbanfarming.D.Topresenttheseriousnessofthefoodcrisis.7.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Citiesarestrugglingtogetfood.B.Technologyischangingpeople’slife.C.PeterHandyisasuccessfulbusinessman.D.Foodproductionisbeingmovedintocities.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是PeterHandy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“No,there’snofarmsinBatteryPoint(不，BatteryPoint没有农场)”和“PeoplethinktheMartianshavelandedbecausewe’vegotthismassive,bigpinklightthatcomesoutofitfromthebottombutotherthanthat,they’dhavenoidea.(人们认为火星人已经着陆了，因为我们从底部发出了巨大的粉色光，但除此之外，他们什么都不知道。)”可知，人们对MrHandy的农场感到困惑，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Idon’thavetoworryaboutfloods,wind,wildanimals,electricfences,turningthesoilover(我不用担心洪水，风，野生动物，电栅栏，翻土)”可知，MrHandy说自己的农场不会受到天气的影响，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We’regoingtoneedtochangethenatureofthewayweproducefoodandchangethehumandietatthesametime(我们需要改变我们生产食物的方式，同时改变人类的饮食习惯)”和“andnewurbanfarmingmethodswouldseemostoftheworld’sgreatcitiesfeedingthemselves(而新的城市农业方法将使世界上大多数大城市都能自给自足)”可知，第五段Mr.Gribb的话的目的是强调城市农业的必要性。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Inastreetlargelyunchangedsinceitwasbuiltinthe1800s,Hobart’sBatteryPointisprobablythelastplaceyouwouldexpecttofindafarm.(Hobart的BatteryPoint是一条自19世纪建成以来基本没有改变过的街道，你可能最想不到会在这里发现农场。)”和最后一段的“ButhebelievesthatitposesaratheruniqueopportunityforAustralianfarmerstoselltheirexpertisetocities,teachingpeopletogrowfoodinurbanenvironments.(但他认为，这为澳大利亚农民提供了一个相当独特的机会，可以向城市出售他们的专业知识，教人们在城市环境中种植粮食。)”可知，本文主要讲的是PeterHandy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性，即Foodproductionisbeingmovedintocities。故选D。CBanffNationalParkisCanada’sfirstbornnationalparkandwasrecognizedin1885.LocatedintheRockyMountainsofAlberta,Banffincludes6,641squarekilometersofglaciersandicefields,thickconiferousforest,andalpine(高山的)scenery.TheIcefieldsPark-wayspreadsfromLakeLouise,connectingtoJasperNationalParkinthenorth.ProvincialforestsandYohoNationalParkareneighborstothewestwhileKootenayNationalParkissituatedtothesouth.ThemaincommercialcenteroftheparkisthetownofBanff,intheBowRivervalley.TheCanadianPacificRailwaywascontributoryinBanff’searlyyears,buildingtheBanffSpringsHotelandChateauLakeLouisehotelintheparkandattractingtouriststhroughwidespreadadvertising.Intheearly20thcentury,roadswerebuiltinBanff,attimesbyprisonersofWorldWarI,andthroughGreatDepression-erapublicworksprojects,AsBanffhasoverthreemillionvisitorsannually,thehealthofitsecologyhasbeenendangered.Inthemid-1990s,ParksCanadalaunchedatwo-yearstudytopreserveecologicalintegrity.BanffNationalParkhasasubarcticclimate(副极地气候)withthreeecoregions.TheforestsfeaturelodgepolepineatlowerheightsandEngelmannspruceathigheronesbelowthetreeline,abovewhicharechieflyrocksandice.Mammal(哺乳动物)speciessuchasthegrizzlybear,cougar,wolverine,mooseandbighornsheeparefoundalongwithhundredsofbirdspecies.Reptiles(爬行动物)arealsofoundbutonlyarestrictednumberofspecieshavebeenrecorded.Themountainswereformedfromsedimentaryrocks(沉积岩)whichwerepushedeastovernewerrockformations,between80and55millionyearsago.Overthepreviousfewmillionyears,glaciershaveattimescoveredmostofthepark,buttodayarefoundonlyonthemountainsidesthoughtheyincludetheColumbiaIcefield,thelargestcontinuousglacialmassintheRockies.Erosion(侵蚀)fromwaterandicehasmoldedthemountainsintotheirexistingshapes.8.WhatcanweinferaboutBanffNationalPark?A.Itwasbuiltmainlybyprisoners.B.ItistheoldestnationalparkinCanada.C.Itisconnectedtothreeotherprovincialparks.D.Itfailedtosatisfyvisitors’demandforcommercialactivities.9.WhatwasacontributionoftheCanadianPacificRailway?A.BuildingroadsinBanff.B.ConstructinghotelsinBanff.C.PreservingtheecologyofBanff.D.ProvidingmultiplerailwaylinestoBanff.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThebiodiversityofBanff.B.Thelimitedknowledgeofreptiles.C.ThecomplexclimatesystemofBanff.D.Themammals’severelivingconditions.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“molded”mostprobablymean?A.Stuck. B.Broken. C.Formed. D.Followed.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章从发展历史、生物多样性以及现代公园风貌等方面介绍了加拿大第一个国家公园——班夫国家公园。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“BanffNationalParkisCanada’sfirstbornnationalparkandwasrecognizedin1885.(班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园，于1885年被承认。)”可知，班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园，即它是加拿大最古老的国家公园。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheCanadianPacificRailwaywascontributoryinBanff’searlyyears,buildingtheBanffSpringsHotelandChateauLakeLouisehotelintheparkandattractingtouriststhroughwidespreadadvertising.(加拿大太平洋铁路公司在班夫的早期也做出了贡献，在公园里建造了班夫温泉酒店和路易丝湖城堡酒店，并通过广泛的广告吸引游客。)”可知，加拿大太平洋铁路公司在班夫的贡献是建设了两家酒店。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“BanffNationalParkhasasubarcticclimate(副极地气候)withthreeecoregions.TheforestsfeaturelodgepolepineatlowerheightsandEngelmannspruceathigheronesbelowthetreeline,abovewhicharechieflyrocksandice.Mammal(哺乳动物)speciessuchasthegrizzlybear,cougar,wolverine,mooseandbighornsheeparefoundalongwithhundredsofbirdspecies.Reptiles(爬行动物)arealsofoundbutonlyarestrictednumberofspecieshavebeenrecorded.(班夫国家公园属于亚北极气候，分为三个生态区。森林的特色是低海拔的黑松和高海拔的恩格尔曼云杉，在林木线以下，以上主要是岩石和冰。这里发现了灰熊、美洲狮、狼獾、驼鹿和大角羊等哺乳动物，还有数百种鸟类。爬行动物也被发现，但只记录了有限数量的物种。)”可知，本段主要描述了班夫的生物多样性。故选A。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Overthepreviousfewmillionyears,glaciershaveattimescoveredmostofthepark,buttodayarefoundonlyonthemountainsides(在过去的几百万年里，冰川有时覆盖了公园的大部分地区，但今天只在山坡上发现了冰川。)”，同时根据划线词句子中的“erosion(侵蚀)”可知，水和冰的侵蚀把山塑造成了形成了当前的山的特点——今天只在山坡上发现了冰川。故划线词与form为同义词，意为“形成。故选C。DElectricvehiclesarebecomingarealhit.Yetsalesofelectricvehicles,orEVs,areexpectedtoamounttolessthanfourpercentofpassengervehiclesalesintheUnitedStatesin2021.Onereason:theinabilitytoeasilyrechargeonlongtrips,knownasrangeanxiety.InJuly,theIndianaDepartmentofTransportationandPurdueUniversityannouncedplanstodeveloptheworld’sfirsttouchlesswireless-chargingconcretehighway.TheprojectdevelopedbythecompanyMamentwillenablewirelesschargingofelectricvehiclesaspeopledrivethem.Theprojectwilltesttheelectrifiedroad.Themostimportanttestwillassessthecapabilityofthesystemtotransfer(转移)high-levelsofpowerwirelessly.Whiletheideaissimilartocellphonesthatchargewirelessly,thereisasignificantdifference:chargingwitha10-to-15-inchgap.“Thecellphonetouchesthesurfacetocharge,soit’sprettystronglycoupled(连接),”NadiaGkritza,aprofessoratPurdueUniversitysaid.“Whereasnow,ifweincreasetheso-calledairgap,thecouplingweakensandsodoesthepowertransfer.”Abigchallengeisclearlyonthevehicleside,saidMauricioEsguerra,co-founderofMagment.“Thevehicleindustryissobusywithmakingbatteries,makingsoftware,sothatmakingthemdealwithinductive(电感应的)chargingrightnowisaprioritywhichisfaraway.Thespiritofthisprojectistoconcentratefirstonthetechnicalchallengesofshowingthatitworks.”On-roadchargingwillalsoneedto“standalltheweightandweatherinfluences.Theremaybeparticularapplicationswhereon-roadcharginginfrastructure(基础设施)couldbetargetedtoselectlocations,suchasbusstops,”hesaid.ThePurdueteamismindfulofthesechallenges,butoptimistic.Thereare,however,legalbarriers,MsGkritzasaid,“Forexample,inIndiana,ifyou’renotautility(公共事业),”youcannotresellelectricity.So,ifyou’retheroadwayoperator,youcannotchargethevehiclesfortheelectricitytheyconsume.Also,therearedifficultiesinusingtheinterstaterightofwayrightnowtobuildthisinfrastructure.Therearecertainlawsthatneedchangingbeforethisbecomesareality.”12.Whydidtheauthormentioncellphonecharging?A.Tostressthedifficultyofon-roadcharging.B.Tointroducewirelesschargingtechnology.C.Toshowthenecessityoftransferringpower.DToexplainthebenefitsofincreasingtheairgap.13.WhatcanwelearnfromMauricioEsguerra’swordsaboutinductivecharging?A.Itshouldbeusedonbusesfirst.B.Itfailstostandweatherinfluences.C.Itisinneedofmorefinancialsupport.D.It’sanearly-stagetechnologyforthecarindustry.14.WhatisthebiggestconcernofthePurdueteamaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Roadwayconditions. B.ElectricityshortageC.Governmentrules. D.Locationselection.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CouldEVsrule?B.Couldroadsrechargecars?C.Couldcarsbemoreeco-friendly?D.Couldtechnologymakecardesigneasier?【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是今年7月，印第安纳州运输部和Purdue大学宣布了开发世界上第一条非接触式无线充电混凝土高速公路的计划，文章对这个计划所面临的挑战进行了分析。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Whiletheideaissimilartocellphonesthatchargewirelessly,thereisasignificantdifference:chargingwitha10-to-15-inchgap.“Thecellphonetouchesthesurfacetocharge,soit’sprettystronglycoupled(连接),”NadiaGkritza,aprofessoratPurdueUniversitysaid.“Whereasnow,ifweincreasetheso-calledairgap,thecouplingweakensandsodoesthepowertransfer.”(虽然这一想法与无线充电的手机类似，但有一个显著的区别：充电间隙为10到15英寸。Purdue大学教授NadiaGkritza说:“手机接触表面充电，所以两者耦合非常紧密。”“而现在，如果我们增加所谓的气隙，耦合减弱，动力传递也会减弱。”)”可知，作者提到手机充电的目的是强调道路充电的难度。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段MauricioEsguerra所说的话“Thevehicleindustryissobusywithmakingbatteries,makingsoftware,sothatmakingthemdealwithinductive(电感应的)chargingrightnowisaprioritywhichisfaraway.Thespiritofthisprojectistoconcentratefirstonthetechnicalchallengesofshowingthatitworks.(汽车行业正忙于制造电池和软件，因此让他们现在就处理感应充电是一个遥远的优先事项。这个项目的精神是首先把精力集中在证明它有效的技术挑战上)”推知，感应充电是汽车工业处于早期阶段的一项技术。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thereare,however,legalbarriers,MsGkritzasaid,“Forexample,inIndiana,ifyou’renotautility(公共事业),”youcannotresellelectricity.So,ifyou’retheroadwayoperator,youcannotchargethevehiclesfortheelectricitytheyconsume.Also,therearedifficultiesinusingtheinterstaterightofwayrightnowtobuildthisinfrastructure.Therearecertainlawsthatneedchangingbeforethisbecomesareality.”(然而，Gkritza女士表示，这里存在法律障碍，“例如，在印第安纳州，如果你不是公用事业公司，你就不能倒卖电力。所以，如果你是道路操作员，你不能按车辆消耗的电力向它们收费。此外，现在使用州际通行权来建造这些基础设施也存在困难。在这成为现实之前，有些法律需要改变。”)”可知，Purdue团队最担忧的是政府规定，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“InJuly,theIndianaDepartmentofTransportationandPurdueUniversityannouncedplanstodeveloptheworld’sfirsttouchlesswireless-chargingconcretehighway.(今年7月，印第安纳州运输部和普渡大学宣布了开发世界上第一条非接触式无线充电混凝土高速公路的计划。)”，第三段的“Whereasnow,ifweincreasetheso-calledairgap,thecouplingweakensandsodoesthepowertransfer(而现在，如果我们增加所谓的气隙，耦合减弱，动力传递也会减弱)”，第四段的“Abigchallengeisclearlyonthevehicleside(很大的挑战显然来自汽车方面)”和最后一段的“Thereare,however,legalbarriers(然而，还有法律障碍)”可知，本文主要讲的是今年7月，印第安纳州运输部和Purdue大学宣布了开发世界上第一条非接触式无线充电混凝土高速公路的计划，文章对这个计划所面临的挑战进行了分析，因此最好的题目是B选项“Couldroadsrechargecars?(道路能给汽车充电吗？)”。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。English,alongwiththevastmajorityoftheworld’slanguages,usesrelativespatialdescription.Soifyouweretodescribewheresomethingis,youwouldgiveadescriptionreferringtohowit’spositionedrelativetoyou:“____16____”Similarly,ifyouwereaskedtogivedirections,you’ddescribetherouterelativetoyourpositionalongitateachpoint:“____17____”Theproblemwithegocentric(自我中心的)descriptionslikethese,however,isthattheyconstantlychangeaswechangeourposition.Allittakesforyourleftandrightastheyareatthemomenttobecomeyourforwardsandbackwardsisa90-degreeturn.____18____Instead,theyhaveafantasticsenseofspatialawareness.GuuguYimithirr,theAustralianAboriginal(澳大利亚土著)language,hasnowordsforleftandright.____19____Sothelightswitchmightbetoyourwestasyouentertheroom,thetelevisiontoyoureast.Youmightturnnorthatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondroadtotheeast.StudieshaveshownthatspeakersofGuuguYimithirressentiallyhaveanin-builtcompass(指南针)taughttotheminearlychildhoodthroughnear-constantrepetitionofthecompasspointsineverydayconversation.Thewords“north”,“south”,“east”and“west”aloneaccountforaround10percentofatypicalGuuguYimithirrconversation.____20____Andwithasenseofdirectionlikethat,whoneedsleftandrightanyway?A.However,theymanagetogetbywithoutthem.B.Turnleftatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondright.C.Thelightswitchistoyourleft;theTVisonyourright.D.ButthespeakersofGuuguYimithirrdon’thavethisproblem.E.Ifthereaderofabookisfacingnorth,hewouldturnthepagesfromcasttowest.F.Mostspeakersdevelopafully-functioningdirectionalsystembytheageofjust8.G.Instead,speakersgivealltheirdescriptionsbasedonthefixedfourmainpointsofthecompass.【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了说GuuguYimithirr语言的某澳大利亚土著部落，在该部落中人们不会使用“左边”或者“右边”这样的词。他们在说方向或位置时，从来都是精确地描述基本方向。【16题详解】根据前文的“Soifyouweretodescribewheresomethingis,youwouldgiveadescriptionreferringtohowit’spositionedrelativetoyou(所以如果你要描述某物的位置，你会给出一个描述，指的是它相对于你的位置。)”可知，在英语描述某物的位置时，会给出一个相对于你的位置进行描述，后文应该对此进行举例说明。C选项“Thelightswitchistoyourleft;theTVisonyourright.(电灯开关在你的左边；电视在你的右边。)”解释了前文的相对位置描述。故选C。【17题详解】根据空前“Similarly,ifyouwereaskedtogivedirections,you’ddescribetherouterelativetoyourpositionalongitateachpoint.(同样地，如果你被要求指路，你会在每一点上描述与你的位置相关的路线。)”可知，此处强调的是在被问路的情况下，你会在每一点上描述与你的位置相关的路线。B选项“Turnleftatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondright.(在红绿灯处左转，然后在第二个路口右转。)”是对前文的每一点描述位置进行解释。故选B。【18题详解】根据后文的“Instead,theyhaveafantasticsenseofspatialawareness.(相反，他们有一种奇妙的空间意识。)”可知，此处“他们”空间意识感觉超强，前文应该提出“他们”是谁？D选项“ButthespeakersofGuuguYimithirrdon’thavethisproblem.(但是说GuuguYimithirr语的人没有这个问题。)”中的speakersofGuuguYimithirr与下文的they进行呼应。同时根据前文“Theproblemwithegocentric(自我中心的)descriptionslikethese,however,isthattheyconstantlychangeaswechangeourposition.(然而，这些以自我为中心的描述的问题在于，它们会随着我们位置的变化而不断变化。)”可知，在英语语言的描述过程中会存在以自我为中心的描述的问题，其与D选项中的thisproblem进行呼应，D选项指出说GuuguYimithirr语的人没有这个问题。D选项承上启下。故选D。【19题详解】根据前文的“GuuguYimithirr,theAustralianAboriginal(澳大利亚土著)language,hasnowordsforleftandright.(澳大利亚土著语言GuuguYimithirr没有表示“左”和“右”的单词。)”可知，在澳大利亚土著语言GuuguYimithirr中没有表示“左”和“右”的单词，后文应该指出这些土著在生活中是如何表述方向的。同时根据后文中“Sothelightswitchmightbetoyourwestasyouentertheroom,thetelevisiontoyoureast.Youmightturnnorthatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondroadtotheeast.(所以当你进入房间时，电灯开关可能在你的西面，电视在你的东面。你可以在红绿灯处向北拐，然后走第二条路向东走。)”可知，此处指出了在澳大利亚说GuuguYimithirr的土著中，他们使用的是“东南西北”来代替“左右”的方向表达。前文应该提到“东南西北”四个方向。G选项“Instead,speakersgivealltheirdescriptionsbasedonthefixedfourmainpointsofthecompass.(相反，说话者根据罗盘上固定的四个主要点来进行描述。)”中的罗盘上固定的四个主要点即为东南西北四个方向。故G选项承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【20题详解】根据后文的“Andwithasenseofdirectionlikethat,whoneedsleftandrightanyway?(有了这样的方向感，谁还需要左右呢?)”可知，此处强调的是“方向感”，前文应该对该“方向感”进行解释。F选项“Mostspeakersdevelopafully-functioningdirectionalsystembytheageofjust8.(大多数说话者在8岁时就能发展出一个功能完备的定向系统。)”中的afully-functioningdirectionalsystem与下文的that相呼应，即功能完备的定向系统则为下文所提出的方向感。F选项符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。NoahRuizis4yearsoldandlovestheSpongeBobPopsicle(海绵宝宝冰棒).Aftersittingthroughanonlineclasslastmonth,hewanteda____21____.HismomsaidOK.Thenshesawthe____22____ofcasesoftheicepopssoldonAmazon.Whenseeingacaseof18popscost$51,JenniferBryant____23____.Sheisaworkingmotherofthreeandsheisstudyingforanadvanceddegreeinsocialwork.Shedoesn’thavemuchextra____24____.Thensomeboxes____25____.Surprisingly,theywere____26____918icepops.Theordercost$2,618.85.Bryantwastotally____27____andsherushedto____28____herbankaccount.Somehow,Noahhad____29____51casesoftreats.Infact,thelittleboysuffersfromabraincondition—hemusthaveorderedthemwrong.Bryantwasfrightened.Shewantedto____30____theicepopstoAmazonandgethermoneyback.Noluck.Shewentonlineandtriedto____31____thepopstodessertsellers.However,____32____worked.Sheposteditonherclassmates’Facebookgroup.“Ifmytuitionislatethismonth,thisiswhy.”shewrote.“Youmaylaughaboutit,but,youknow,mybankaccountis____33____rightnow!”KatieSchlossknewBryantfromclass.Shestartedto____34____moneyforBryantonline.Shehopedfriendsandstrangersmightgivemoneytohelp____35____theorder.ByMay20,theyhadcollectedmorethan$24,800.“NeverwouldIhaveeverimaginedthis,”Bryantsaidthankfully.21.A.treat B.game C.chance D.break22.A.bill B.price C.dish D.introduction23.A.promised B.escaped C.doubted D.refused24.A.time B.energy C.money D.need25.A.opened B.arrived C.gathered D.disappeared26.A.equalto B.wrongwith C.goodfor D.fullof27.A.curious B.tired C.shocked D.disappointed28.A.check B.close C.remove D.test29.A.sent B.served C.applied D.ordered30.A.contribute B.return C.leave D.report31.A.gift B.transport C.show D.sell32.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything33.A.crying B.ringing C.sleeping D.waving34.A.earn B.save C.raise D.borrow35.A.payfor B.searchfor C.pickup D.handout【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.C33.A34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲是NoahRuiz喜欢海绵宝宝冰棒，他无意中用妈妈的亚马逊账户订购了918支冰棒，他的妈妈没有那么多闲钱，他妈妈的同学得知此事后帮她在网上筹款支付了这笔钱。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：上个月，在听完一节在线课程后，他想犒劳自己。A.treat款待；B.game游戏；C.chance机会；D.break休息。根据上文“Aftersittingthroughanonlineclasslastmonth”可知，在听完一节在线课程后，他想犒劳自己，空格处意为“款待”，且9空后的“51casesoftreats.”也是提示。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她看到了亚马逊上出售的几箱冰棒的介绍。A.bill账单；B.price价格；C.dish菜肴；D.introduction介绍。根据下文“Whenseeingacaseof18popscost$51”可知，她看冰棒的介绍。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当看到一箱18支冰棒售价51美元时，JenniferBryant退出了。A.promised承诺；B.escaped退出；C.doubted怀疑；D.refused拒绝。根据下文“Sheisaworkingmotherofthreeandsheisstudyingforanadvanceddegreeinsocialwork.Shedoesn’thavemuchextra”可知，她没多少钱买那么贵的冰棒，所以从亚马逊的页面退出了。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有多少闲钱。A.time时间；B.energy能量；C.money钱；D.need需要。根据上文“Sheisaworkingmotherofthreeandsheisstudyingforanadvanceddegreeinsocialwork”可知，她没有多少闲钱。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后一些箱子到了。A.opened打开；B.arrived到达；C.gathered聚集；D.dis