课件-1 .句子结构

Quasars,atbillionsoflight-yearsfromEarththemostdistantobservableobjectsintheuniverse,believedtobethecoresofgalaxiesinanearlystageofdevelopment.(A)believedtobe(B)arebelievedtobe(C)somebelievethemtobe(D)somebelievetheyare(E)itisbelievedthattheyare句子结构

（P679-OG13-45-题目分析）Quasars,atbillionsoflight-yearsfromEarththemostdistantobservableobjectsintheuniverse,believedtobethecoresofgalaxiesinanearlystageofdevelopment.(A)believedtobe缺谓语(B)arebelievedtobe(C)somebelievethemtobe主语重复(D)somebelievetheyare主语重复(E)itisbelievedthattheyare主语重复句子结构

（P679-OG13-45-题目分析）MaryWollstonecraft’sAVindicationoftheRightsofWoman,publishedin1972,beingoneofthefirsttextsthataddresseswomen’srights.A.publishedin1972,beingoneofthefirsttextsthataddressesB.publishedin1972,wasoneofthefirsttextstoaddressC.publishedin1972asoneofthefirsttextsthataddressD.itwaspublishedin1972,oneofthefirsttextstoaddressE.oneofthefirsttexts,publishedin1972,thataddresses句子结构

（例-题目分析）MaryWollstonecraft’sAVindicationoftheRightsofWoman,publishedin1972,beingoneofthefirsttextsthataddresseswomen’srights.A.

publishedin1972,beingoneofthefirsttextsthataddresses缺谓语B.

publishedin1972,wasoneofthefirsttextstoaddressC.

publishedin1972asoneofthefirsttextsthataddress缺谓语D.

itwaspublishedin1972,oneofthefirsttextstoaddress主语重复E.

oneofthefirsttexts,publishedin1972,thataddresses缺谓语句子结构

（例-题目分析）句子结构

（例-考点分析）Being的用法：当being短语做修饰语（定语或状语），通常来说都是多余的。Beingtiredfromchasingmice,thecattookanap.Thedoorbeingheavilybrokenisopen.2.当being短语做名词（主语或宾语），being并不

是多余的。

Beingfreetoinnovateismoreimportantthanbeingwellpaid.ConstructionoftheRomanColosseum,whichwasofficiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beganinA.D.69.duringthereignofVespasian,wascompletedadecadelater,duringthereignofTitus,whoopenedtheColosseumwithaone-hundred-daycycleofreligiouspageants,gladiatorialgames,andspectacles.

(A)whichwasofficiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beganinA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,(B)officiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beguninA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,and(C)whichwasofficiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beganinA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,and(D)officiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheaterandbeguninA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasianit(E)officiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,whichwasbeguninA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,and句子结构

（P692-OG13-112-选项分析）ConstructionoftheRomanColosseum,whichwasofficiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beganinA.D.69.duringthereignofVespasian,wascompletedadecadelater,duringthereignofTitus,whoopenedtheColosseumwithaone-hundred-daycycleofreligiouspageants,gladiatorialgames,andspectacles.

(A)whichwasofficiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beganinA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,

RUN-ON(B)officiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beguninA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,and

缺谓语(C)whichwasofficiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,beganinA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,and(D)officiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheaterandbeguninA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasianit

主语重复(E)officiallyknownastheFlavianAmphitheater,whichwasbeguninA.D.69,duringthereignofVespasian,and

缺谓语句子结构

（P692-OG13-112-选项分析）Intheirzealtomakebeachfrontlivingwidelyavailable,developershaveoverbuilt,therebytheyendangerfragilecoastlines.A.

overbuilt,therebytheyendangerfragilecoastlinesB.

overbuilttheyendangerfragilecoastlinesasaresultC.

overbuiltandtherebyhaveendangeredfragilecoastlinesD.

overbuilt;fragilecoastlinesendangeredtherebyE.

overbuilt,thefragilecoastlinesareendangeredbythis句子结构

（例-选项分析）Intheirzealtomakebeachfrontlivingwidelyavailable,developershaveoverbuilt,therebytheyendangerfragilecoastlines.A.

overbuilt,therebytheyendangerfragilecoastlinesrun-onB.

overbuilttheyendangerfragilecoastlinesasaresult

run-onC.

overbuiltandtherebyhaveendangeredfragilecoastlinesD.

overbuilt;fragilecoastlinesendangeredtherebyE.

overbuilt,thefragilecoastlinesareendangeredbythis

run-on句子结构

（例-选项分析）句子结构

（例-考点分析）1.副词无法连接两个句子consequently,thus,hence,then,also,therefore,nevertheless,

however2.两套主谓结构之间有且仅有一个连词FANBOYS(for,and,nor,but,or,yet,so)

必错：Although…but…;Since…so…MauritiuswasaBritishcolonyforalmost200years,exceptingforthedomainsofadministrationandteaching,theEnglishlanguagewasneverreallyspokenontheisland.(A)exceptingfor

(B)exceptin

(C)butexceptin(D)butexceptingfor(E)withtheexceptionof句子结构

（P694-OG13-118-选项分析）MauritiuswasaBritishcolonyforalmost200years,exceptingforthedomainsofadministrationandteaching,theEnglishlanguagewasneverreallyspokenontheisland.(A)exceptingfor

RUN-ON(B)exceptin

RUN-ON(C)butexceptin(D)butexceptingfor(E)withtheexceptionofRUN-ON句子结构

（P694-OG13-118-选项分析）A.psychologists,declaringthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,B.psychologists,declaringthatmostofthestudiesfailedinnotcontrollingforsuchvariableslikesocialclassandfamilysize,andC.psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudies,havingfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,D.psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudiesfailincontrollingforsuchvariableslikesocialclassandfamilysize,E.psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforvariablessuchassocialclassandfamilysize,句子结构

（P672-OG13-1-选项分析）A.psychologists,declaringthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,缺谓语B.psychologists,declaringthatmostofthestudiesfailedinnotcontrollingforsuchvariableslikesocialclassandfamilysize,and缺谓语C.psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudies,havingfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,缺谓语D.psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudiesfailincontrollingforsuchvariableslikesocialclassandfamilysize,E.psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforvariablessuchassocialclassandfamilysize,句子结构

（P672-OG13-1-选项分析）句子结构

（P672-OG13-1-考点分析）举例用suchas,而不用like。sth.suchassth.或suchsth.assth均可。2.Like在GMAT中只做“比较”用。意思为“像”(A)aphenomenoninwhichchangesintheocean-andatmospherecombineallowingthewarmwaterthathasaccumulated(B)aphenomenonwherechangesintheoceanandatmospherearecombiningtoallowthewarmwaterthatisaccumulating(C)aphenomenoninwhichoceanandatmospherechangescombineandwhichallowsthewarmwaterthatisaccumulated(D)isaphenomenoninwhichchangesintheoceanandatmospherecombinetoallowthewarmwaterthathasaccumulated(E)isaphenomenonwhereoceanandatmospherechangesarecombiningandallowthewarmwateraccumulating句子结构

（P690-OG13-103-选项分析）(A)aphenomenoninwhichchangesintheocean-andatmospherecombineallowingthewarmwaterthathasaccumulated缺谓语(B)aphenomenonwherechangesintheoceanandatmospherearecombiningtoallowthewarmwaterthatisaccumulating缺谓语(C)aphenomenoninwhichoceanandatmospherechangescombineandwhichallowsthewarmwaterthatisaccumulated缺谓语(D)isaphenomenoninwhichchangesintheoceanandatmospherecombinetoallowthewarmwaterthathasaccumulated(E)isaphenomenonwhereoceanandatmospherechangesarecombiningandallowthewarmwateraccumulating句子结构

（P690-OG13-103-选项分析）句子结构

（P690-OG13-103-考点分析）ElNino,theperiodicabnormalwarmingoftheseasurfaceoffPeru,isaphenomenoninwhichchanges

intheoceanandatmospherecombine

toallowthewarmwaterthathasaccumulatedinthewesternPacifictoflowbacktotheeast.

句子结构

（P690-OG13-103-考点分析）Where引导定语从句的先行词是具体名词。2.Inwhich引导定语从句的先行词是抽象名词或

具体名词

常见的抽象名词：condition,situation,case,circumstances,phenomenon或arrangement主谓一致(P688-OG13-88-题干解读)Oftenvisibleassmog,ozoneisformedintheatmospherefromhydrocarbonsandnitrogenoxides,twomajorpollutantsemittedbyautomobiles,reactwithsunlight.(A)ozoneisformedintheatmospherefrom(B)ozoneisformedintheatmospherewhen(C)ozoneisformedintheatmosphere,andwhen(D)ozone,formedintheatmospherewhen(E)ozone,formedintheatmospherefrom主谓一致(P688-OG13-88-题干解读)Oftenvisibleassmog,ozoneisformedintheatmospherefromhydrocarbonsandnitrogenoxides,twomajorpollutantsemittedbyautomobiles,reactwithsunlight.(A)ozoneisformedintheatmospherefrom(B)ozoneisformedintheatmospherewhen(C)ozoneisformedintheatmosphere,andwhen(D)ozone,formedintheatmospherewhen缺谓语(E)ozone,formedintheatmospherefrom缺谓语句子结构

（P7-Practice1-1-考点分析）有明显错误选项的先排除，剩余选项比逻辑意思and是平行结构的标志词，常考的词还有but,or

判断点：anddoing,andtodo,andthat

(A)Althoughappearinglessappetizingthanmostoftheirroundandredsupermarketcousins,heirloomtomatoes,grownfromseedssavedduringthepreviousyear(B)Althoughheirloomtomatoes,grownfromseedssavedduringthepreviousyear,appearlessappetizingthanmostoftheirroundandredsupermarketcousins(C)Althoughtheyappearlessappetizingthanmostoftheirroundandredsupermarketcousins,heirloomtomatoes,grownfromseedssavedduringthepreviousyear(D)Grownfromseedssavedduringthepreviousyea