2019高考英语全国3卷学生用书

年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试卷3英语试题第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题满分30分〉阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYolo!ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami（折纸术）artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.（WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W.86thSt.212-868-4444.）TheAudienceHelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethIIoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.（Schoenfeld,236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.）HamiltonLin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.（Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.）OntheTwentiethCenturyKristinChenowethandPeterGal1agherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar'sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEl1isdirects,forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.（AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.2-713001.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A.Atypeofart.Ateenager'sstudio.Agreatteacher.Agroupofanimals2.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A.HelenMirren.B.PeterMorgan.C.DylanBaker.D.StephenDaldry3.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A.AnimalsOut0fPaper.TheAudience.C.Hamilton.D.OntheTwentiethCentury.BForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative"It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource（来源）ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHil1,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion（时尚）shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionablec10thingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics美学onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences."Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,notonlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHill.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChinaitsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingc1othes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninYork?A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.ItshowedancientChinesec1othes.D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.5.WhatdoesHiIlsayaboutChinesewomen?A.Theyaresettingthefashion.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.Theyadmiresupermodels.Theydobusinessallovertheworld6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"takingon"inparagraph4mean?A.learningfromB.lookingdownonC.workingwithD.competingagainst7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrendsCBeforehe1830s，mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$801'$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthatthetrend,then,wastowardthe"pennypaper"-atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplace,overnight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny-usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged-andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase"pennypaper"caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor"themanonthestreet"didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures（企业）wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830sA.Academic.B.Unattractive.C.Inexpensive.D.ConfidentialWhatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?A.Theywouldbepricedhigher.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.Theycouldhavemorereaders.Theycouldregainpublictrust.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?A.Localpoliticians.B.Commonpeople.C.Youngpublishers.D.Richbusinessmen.Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?A.Itwasadifficultprocess.Itwasatemporarysuccess.Itwasarobberofthepoor.Itwasadisasterforprinters.DMonkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined-oradded-thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsidecirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers-17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate（低估）asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue-sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyaction（小部分）ofthesmallernumbertoit."Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays."Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone."12.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?Theyfedthem.Theynamedthem.Theytrainedthem.Theymeasuredthem.13.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?Bydrawingacircle.Bytouchingascreen.Bywatchingvideos.Bymixingtwodrinks.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?Theycouldperformbasicaddition.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.lnwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?Entertainment.Health.Education.Science.第二节（共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant._16While1haveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic（逻辑）ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.Do's17Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus（教学大纲）andlearningmanagemntsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.Participateindiscussionforums（论坛），blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.18Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.Don'tsDon'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextensionsimplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor._19Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.20Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedacallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor'sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.A.That'swhattheyarefor.Tumtoanonlineinstructorforhelp.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomecommondo'sanddon'tsforonlinelearners.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March21sixmonthsoutoftheyear."Ofcourse,we22itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis23butdowninthevalleyit'sdarkert'likeona24day."Butthat25whenasystemofhigh-tech26wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents居民）ofRjukan27theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto28.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat29themtoalongwiththesunthroughoutthe30andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeamoflightontothetown'scentral31,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight32,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether."Peoplehavebeen33thereandstandingthereandtaking34ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally35.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500residentscannotall36thesunshineatthesametime.37,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's_38residents"It'snotvery_39,"shesays,"butitisenoughwhenweare-40".21.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearlyD.precisely22.A.fearB.believeC.hearD.notice23.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide24.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm25.A.helpedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered26.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrorsD.cameras27.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.receivedD.imagined28.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use29.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows30.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year31.A.libraryB.hallC.squareD.street32.A.appearedB.returnedC.fadedD.stopped33.A.drivingB.hidingC.campingD.sitting34.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold35.A.newB.fullC.f1atD.silent36.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store37.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.GraduallyD.Similarly38.A.nature-lovingB.energy-savingC.weather-beatenD.sun-starved39.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy40.A.tryingB.waitingC.watchingD.sharing第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining41hardthatwecouldhelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake_42.(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack43dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters44hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhossharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand45(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,a