物理专业常用英语词汇

--专业文档-可编辑--物理：area面积centreofmass质心convexmirror凸面镜absoluteacceleration绝对加速argumentation论证centrifugalforce离心力coordinatesystem坐标系度argument辐角centripetalacceleration向心加coplanarforce共面力absoluteerror绝对误差astigmatoscope散光镜速度Corolisforce科里奥利力absolutemotion绝对运动atomicnucleus原子核centripetalforce向心力corpuscularproperty粒子性absolutetemperature绝对温度atomicphysics原子物理学chainreaction链式反应corpusculartheory微粒说absolutevelocity绝对速度atomicspectrum原子光谱chaos混沌Coulombforce库仑力absolutezero绝对零度atomicstructure原子结构characteristicspectrum特征光coulomb库仑absorption吸收atom原子谱Coulomb'slaw库仑定律absorptivity吸收率Atwood'smachine阿特伍德机chargedbody带电体counter计数器acceleratedmotion加速运动averagepower平均功率chargedparticle带电粒子creation产生accelerationofgravity重力加averagevelocity平均速度charge充电creepage漏电速度Avogadroconstant阿伏加德罗circularholediffraction圆孔衍crest波峰acceleration加速度常数射criticalangle临界角accidentalerror偶然误差Avogadrolaw阿伏加德罗定律circularmotion圆周运动criticalresistance临界电阻acoustics声学balance天平classicalmechanics经典力学criticaltemperature临界温度actingforce作用力ballisticgalvanometer冲击电classicalphysics经典物理学crystal晶体adjustment调节流计cloudchamber云室currentdensity电流密度aether以太bandspectrum带状谱coefficientofmaximumstaticcurrentelement电流元airpump抽气机barometer气压计friction最大静摩摩系数currentsource电流源airtable气垫桌basicquantity基本量coefficientofrestitution恢复系currentstrength电流强度airtrack气垫导轨basicunits基本单位数curvilinearmotion曲线运动alternatingcurrentcircuit交流batterycharger电池充电器coefficientofslidingfriction滑cyclotron回旋加速器电路battery,accumulator蓄电池动摩擦系数dampedvibration阻尼振动alternatingcurrentgeneratorbattery电池组coefficient系数damping阻尼交流发电机beam光束coherentlight相干光源Daniellcell丹聂耳电池alternatingcurrent交流电betatron电子感应加速器coil线圈dataprocessing数据处理altimeter测高仪Bohratommodel玻尔原子模型collision碰撞data数据ammeter安培计boilingpoint沸点componentforce分力decay衰变amperemeter电流计boiling沸腾componentvelocity分速度definitionofampere安培的定ampere安培bounce反弹compositionofforces力的合成义Ampere'sexperiment安培实验boundcharge束缚电荷compositionofvelocities速度defocusing散集Ampere'sforce安培力boundelectron束缚电子的合成density密度Ampere'slaw安培定律branchcircuit支路compression压缩derivedquantity导出量amperemeter安培计breakdown击穿concavelens凹透镜derivedunit导出单位amplitude振幅brightness亮度concavemirror凹面镜dielectric电介质angleofrotation自转角，转动buoyancyforce浮力concurrentforce共点力diffractionpattern衍射图样角calorifics热学condensation凝结diffraction衍射angularacceleration角加速度camera照相机condenser电容器diffusereflection漫反射angulardisplacement角位移capacitance电容conductingmedium导电介质digitaltimer数字计时器angularvelocity角速度capacitor电容器conductor导体dimensionalexponent量纲指anion负离子capillarity毛细现象conservativeforcefield保守力数anisotropy各向异性cathoderay阴极射线场dimension量纲annihilation湮没cathode-raytube阴极射线管conservativeforce保守力diode二级管anode阳极cathode阴极constantforce恒力diopter屈光度antenna天线cation正离子constant常量directcurrent,DC直流appliedphysics应用物理学cell电池continuousspectrum连续谱directimpact正碰Archimedesprinciple阿基米德Celsiusscale摄氏温标convergentlens会聚透镜directmeasurement直接测量原理centreofgravity重心convexlens凸透镜discharge放电专业文档-可编辑--disorder无序electromagnet电磁体firstcosmicvelocity第一宇宙速完全弹性碰撞dispersion色散electrometer静电计度impulse冲量displacement位移electromotiveforce电动势fission裂变incidentangle入射角divergentlens发散透镜electron电子fixed-axisrotation定轴转动incidentray入射线Dopplereffect多普勒效应electronbeam电子束flotationbalance浮力秤indirectmeasurement间接测doubleslitdiffraction双缝衍射electroncloud电子云fluid流体量drivingforce驱动力electronmicroscope电子显微focallength焦距inducedelectriccurrent感应电drycell干电池镜focusing调焦，聚焦流echo回声electronvolt电子伏特focus焦点inducedelectricfield感应电场eddycurrent涡流electroscope验电器force力inductioncurrent感应电流effectivevalue有效值electrostaticequilibrium静电forcedvibration受迫振动inductionelectromotiveforceelasticbody弹性体平衡fractal分形感应电动势elasticforce弹［性］力electrostaticinduction静电感freecharge自由电荷inductionmotor感应电动机elasticity弹性应freeelectron自由电子inertia惯性electriccharge电荷electrostaticscreening静电屏freeperiod自由周期inertialforce惯性力electriccircuit电路蔽freezingpoint凝固点inertialsystem惯性系electriccorona电晕elementarycharge基本电荷，frequency频率infraredray红外线electricenergy电能元电荷frictionforce摩擦力infrasonicwave次声波electricfield电场energy能量fusion聚变initialphase初位相electricfieldintensity电场强度energylevel能级galvanometer电流计initialvelocity初速度electricfieldline电场线equilibrium平衡gas气体input输入electricflux电通量equilibriumcondition平衡条件generalphysics普通物理学instantaneouspower瞬时功率electricleakage漏电equilibriumofforces力的平衡generator发电机instantaneousvelocity瞬时速electricneutrality电中性equilibriumposition平衡位置goodconductor良导体度electricpotential电位，电势equilibriumstate平衡态gravitation引力instrument仪器electricpotentialdifference电equivalentsourcetheorem等gravity重力insulatedconductor绝缘导体位差，电势差效电源定理gravitationalpotentialenergyinsulatingmedium绝缘介质electricpotentialenergy电位erectimage正像重力势能insulator绝缘体能error误差gravityfield重力场intensityofsound声强electricpower电功率ether以太groundearth接地interference干涉electricquantity电量evaporation蒸发groundstate基态interferencefringe干涉条纹electrification起电excitation激发groundwire地线interferencepattern干涉图样electrificationbyfriction摩擦excitationstate激发态hadron强子interferometer干涉仪起电experiment实验halflifeperiod半衰期internalenergy内能electrifiedbody带电体experimentalphysics实验物理heat热internalforce内力electrode电极学heattransfer传热internalresistance内阻electrolysis电解externalforce外力henry亨利intonation声调electrolyte电解质eyepiece目镜hertz赫兹(频率的单位)invertedimage倒像electromagneticdamping电磁farsight远视Hookelaw胡克定律invisiblelight不可见光阻尼Faradaycylinder法拉第圆筒humidity湿度ionbeam离子束electromagneticinduction电Faradaylawofhydrogen氢原子ionization电离磁感应electromagneticinduction法hypothesis假设irreversibleprocess不可逆过程electromagneticradiation电磁拉第电磁感应定律icepoint冰点isobaricprocess等压过程辐射Faraday'slawofidealgas理想气体isobar等压线electromagneticwave电磁波electromagneticinduct法拉第image像isochoricprocess等体积过程electromagneticwave电磁感应定律imagedistance像距isothermal等温线spectrum电磁波谱farad法拉(电容的单位)imageheight像高isothermalprocess等温过程electromagnetisminductionfilminterference薄膜干涉imaging成像isotope同位素phenomenon电磁感应现象finalvelocity末速度imperfectinelasticcollision非isotropy各向同性专业文档-可编辑--joule焦耳（功的单位）magneticfieldintensity磁场强momentumofelectromagnetic介质Jouleheat焦耳热度field电磁场的动量optics光学Joulelaw焦耳定律magneticfieldline磁场线momentum动量orbit轨道Joule'law焦耳定律magneticinductionflux磁感应motor电动机order有序Keplerlaw开普勒定律通量multimeter多用［电］表oscillograph示波器kinematics运动学magneticinduction磁感应强度musicalquality音色output输出kineticenergy动能magneticinductionline磁感应Npole北极overweight超重Laplace'sequation拉普拉斯方线naturalfrequency固有频率parallelconnectionof程magneticmaterial磁性材料naturallight自然光condensers电容器的并联laser激光，激光器magneticneedle磁针negativecharge负电荷parallelogramrule平行四边形law定律magneticpole磁极negativecrystal负晶体定律lawofconservationofangularmagnetics磁学negativeion负离子parallel-resonancecircuit并联momentum角动量守恒定律magnetism磁学negativeplate负极板谐振电路lawofconservationofenergymagnetization磁化network网络parameter参量能量守恒定律magnet磁体neutralization中和particle质点，粒子lawofconservationofmass质magnification放大率neutron中子Pascallaw帕斯卡定律量守恒定律magnifier放大镜，放大器newton牛顿（力的单位）path路程lawofconservationofmanometer流体压强计Newtonfirstlaw牛顿第一定律peak峰值mechanicalenergy机械能守恒mass质量Newtonsecondlaw牛顿第二定pendulum摆定律massdefect质量亏损律penumbra半影lawofconservationofmass-energyequation质能方Newtonthirdlaw牛顿第三定律perfectconductor理想导体momentum动量守恒定律程nonequilibriumstate非平衡态perfectelasticcollision完全弹lawofelectricchargematter物质northpole北极性碰撞conservation电荷守恒定律matterwave物质波nucleusforce核力perfectinelasticcollision完全LeSystèmeInternationald`Maxwell'sequations麦克斯韦nucleusofcondensation凝结非弹性碰撞Unitès国际单位制(SI)方程组核periodicity周期性lead导线meanspeed平均速率object物period周期length长度meanvelocity平均速度objectdistance物距periscope潜望镜lens透镜measurement测量objectheight物高permanentmagnet永磁体lensformula透镜公式mechanicalenergy机械能objective物镜permittivityofvacuum真空介Lenz'slaw楞次定律mechanicalmotion机械运动observation观察电常数lepton轻子mechanicalvibration机械振动Oersted'sexperiment奥斯特实permittivity电容率Lightray光线mechanics力学验phase位相lightsource光源medium介质ohm欧姆phenomenon现象lightwave光波meltingfusion熔化Ohmlaw欧姆定律photocurrent光电流lightningrod避雷针meltingpoint熔点ohmmeter欧姆计photoelectriccell光电管light光metrerule米尺Ohm'slaw欧姆定律photoelectriceffect光电效应linespectrum线状谱microdetector灵敏电流计opencircuit开路photoelectron光电子linesofcurrent电流线micrometercaliper螺旋测微器opticalbench光具座photography照相术linesofforceofelectricfield电microscope显微镜opticalcentreoflens透镜光心photon光子力线microscopicparticle微观粒子opticalfiber光导纤维physicalbalance物理天平liquefaction液化mirrorreflection镜面反射opticalglass光学玻璃physicalquantity物理量liquefactionpoint液化点mirror镜opticalinstrument光学仪器physics物理学liquid液体mixedunitsystem混合单位制opticallever光杠杆piezometer压强计longitudinalwave纵波modernphysics现代物理学opticalpathdifference光程差pitch音调loop回路molarvolume摩尔体积opticalpath光程(路)Planckconstant普朗克常量Lorentzforce洛仑兹力molecularspectrum分子光谱opticallydensermedium光密plasma等离子体luminousintensity发光强度molecularstructure分子结构介质pointcharge点电荷magneticfield磁场momentofforce力矩opticallythinnermedium光疏polarization偏振专业文档-可编辑--polarizedlight偏振光refractioncoefficient折射系数sensitivegalvanometer灵敏电spectrum光谱polycrystal多晶体refractiveindex折射率流计speed速率poorconductor不良导体relativeacceleration相对加速sensitivity灵敏度sphericalmirror球面镜positivecharge正电荷度sensitometer感光计spontaneousradiation自发辐positivecrystal正晶体relativeerror相对误差sensor传感器射positiveion正离子relativemotion相对运动seriesconnectionofspringbalance弹簧秤positiveplate正极板relativevelocity相对速度condensers电容器的串联stability稳定性positron正电子relativity相对论series-resonancecircuit串联谐stabilizedcurrentsupply稳流potentialenergy势能resistance电阻振电路电源potentiometer电位差计resistancebox电阻箱shortcircuit短路stabilizedvoltagesupply稳压power功率resistivity电阻率shortsight近视电源pressure压强，压力resistor电阻［器］shuntresistor分流电阻standardatmosphericprimarycoil原线圈resolutionofforce力的分解significantfigure有效数字pressure标准大气压principleofconstancyoflightresolutionofvelocity速度的分simpleharmonicmotion(SHM)standardcell标准电池velocity光速不变原理解简谐运动standingwave驻波prism棱镜resonance共振，共鸣simpleharmonicwave简谐波staticfriction静摩擦projectile抛体resonantfrequency共振频率simplependulum单摆stationarystate定态projectilemotion抛体运动resultantforce合力singlecrystal（monocrystal）单steadycurrent恒定电流projector投影仪resultantvelocity合速度晶体steadycurrentsource恒流源proton质子reversibilityofopticalpath光singleslitdiffraction单缝衍射steadyvoltagesource恒压源pulley滑轮路可逆性sinusoidalalternatingcurrentsteampoint汽点pulleyblock滑轮组reversibleprocess可逆过程简谐交流电stiffness劲度［系数］quantityofheat热量rheostat变阻器sinusoidalcurrent正弦式电流stimulatedradiation受激辐射quantization量子化right-handscrewrule右手螺旋slidingfriction滑动摩擦stopwatch停表quantum量子定则slit狭缝sublimation升华quantummechanics量子力学rocker火箭solarcell太阳能电池superconductivity超导［电］性quantumnumber量子数rotatingmagneticfield旋转磁solenoid螺线管superconductor超导体radar雷达场solidification凝固superpositionprincipleofradioactivesource放射源rotation自转，转动solidifyingpoint凝固点electricfield电场强度叠加原理radiusofgyration回旋半径Rutherfordscattering卢瑟福散solid固体superpositiontheorem叠加定randommotion无规则运动射solution溶液律range量程Rutherford［α-particlesolvation溶解supersaturation过度饱和ratedvoltage额定电压scattering］experiment卢瑟福sonar声纳supersonicspeed超声速reactingforce反作用力［α散射］实验soundsource声源supersonicwave超声波realimage实像Spole南极soundvelocity声速supplytransformer电源变压器realobject实物saturation饱和soundwave声波surfaceresistance表面电阻reasoning推理scalar标量sound声［音］switch开关recoil反冲scalarfield标量场source电源systemofconcurrentforces共rectilinearmotion直线运动scanner扫描器southpole南极点力系referenceframe参考系，坐标系secondcosmicvelocity第二宇space空间systemofparticles质点系referencesystem参考系宙速度sparkdischarge火花放电systemofunits单位制reflectedangle反射角selectiveabsorption选择吸收specialrelativity狭义相对论systematicerror系统误差reflectedray反射线self-inducedelectromotivespecificheatcapacity比热容telescope望远镜reflectioncoefficient反射系数force自感电动势spectacles眼镜temperature温度reflectionlaw反射定律self-inductance自感spectralanalysis光谱分析tension张力reflectivity反射率self-inductionphenomenon自spectralline［光］谱线thelawofgravity万有引力定律refractedangle折射角感系数spectrograph摄谱仪theorem原理refractedray折射线semiconductor半导体spectrography摄谱学theoremofkineticenergy动能refractionlaw折射定律semi-transparentfilm半透膜spectroscopy光谱学定理专业文档-可编辑--theoremofmomentum动量定universalmeter多用［电］表β-rayβ射线理vacuumtube真空管γ-decayγ衰变theoreticalphysics理论物理学vacu