(完整版)英语常用词素表

英语常用词素表常见的前缀(1)表示数量的前缀1)semi-(L)hemi(G)半semiannually semicolonsemi-colonialsemi-conductorsemimonthlysemiautomatic semi-feudalsemifinalsemiliteratesemiofficialsemiweekly hemispheresemitransparentsemi-sphere semi-cycle2)uni-(L)一 uniformunilateralunanimous一致的uniqueunionunisonunituniteunity unisexuniverseuniversity3)mono-(GK)一monotonous单调的monograph专题论文monopoly垄断monologue独白monorail单轨monogamy一夫一妻制monosyllable单音节monolateral单边monodrama独角戏monologist独角戏表演者monolingual单语的monochrome单色monocrop单一作物monocultural文化单一的monarch君主monoculture单种栽培monographer专著作家monology独语僻4)bi-(L)二bicyclebinocularbiweeklybimonthlybilateralbiplanebinarybilingualbipartisanbicentennialbichromebigamybicolorbicornbiculturalbicyclistbiceps二头肌biconditionalbicommunal5)di(GK)二dialogue dioxidediodedilemma diphthong dialinguistics(双语学 )6)ambi-(L)二ambidextrous双手熟练的ambiguous模棱两可的ambivalence矛盾心理ambiguity歧义ambilingual双语的ambisexual两性人ambisyllable双音节ambitendency矛盾心理ambivert中间性格ambiversion中间性格ambisonics高保真度立体声复制7)amphi(GK)二amphibian两栖 amphichromatic双色的 amphibology(语言模棱两可 )8)tri(GK,L)三triangle trigonometry tripodtrilogy triode tripletricycle9)deci-(L)十分之一decimeterdeciliterdecibeldecimaldecigram10)deca-(GK),十decadedecamerondecagondecimeter11)centi-(L)百分之一centigradecentcenturycentennialcentipede12)kilo-(GK)千kilometerkilogramkilowattkilocycle13)milli-(L)千millimetermilligrammillennium14)myria(GK)万myriametermyrioramamyriad15)mega(GK)百万megacyclemegaphonemegaton

16)micro-(GK)百万分之一micro-organismmicro-wavemicrowavemicro-filmmicro-printmicro-climatemicro-balancemicro-switchmicro-surgerymicro-bookmicro-worldmicro-particlemicro-crackmicro-filemicro-crobemicro-explosionmicro-earthquakemicro-electronicsmicro-phonemicro-scopemicro-chemistrymicrowavemicrocodemicrocomputer17)multi-(L)多multiplechoicemulti-nationalmultitudemultiplymulti-purposemultiracialmultilateralmulti-polarmulti-molecularmulti-channelmultiformmulti-headmulti-centricmulti-rolemultipartymultiplemultiplestoremultiprobemultitaskingmultiversity18)poly-(GK)多polytechnicalpolyclinicpolygamypolycentricpolymerPolynesiapolysemypolysyllablepolygonpolypolypolyandrypolycentrist19)mini-(L)小minibusminicrystalminicoatminiboomminicomputerminiwatergateminisummitminicamminicabministateminiparkminitrainminiwarminitypeminigunminicarminiskirtminicrisisminikinminimalminiatureminifyminimizeminimumministerminipantsminorminorityminusminute20)maxi-(L)大maxicoatmaxiskirtmaxiorder maximummaxishortsmaximizemaximal maximazation表示否定的前缀a-(变体为an,用在元音之前)(GK)表示缺乏某种性质。apatheticaseptic athermal asexual atypicalanaemia anarchy amorphous avitaminous amoral2)anti-(变体为ant-,用在元音及辅音 h之前)(GK)表示‘反对，反面’等意思theAnti-JapaneseWar antibiotics antibodyanticancerantipathyAntarctic antiaircraftgun3)contra(L)表示“相反，反对” 。contrastcontrarycontradictcontraceptivecounter(L)表示“相反”

counterpartcounter-revolutionarycounteractioncounterclaimcounterattackcounterclockwisecounterchargecounterculturecounterevidencecounterexamplecounterembargocountercase5)de(L)表示“相反”和“去除”等意思。decolordecompositiondemilitarizedemagnetizedemobilizedeformdestructiondecapitatedecentralizedeescalatedemystifydetachdepenalizedepollutedebureaucritizederationdefamede-oil decodedefuse defrost debug6)dis-(L)表示“否定或相反”的意思。“否定或相反”的意思。disabledisadvantage disagreedisappeardisappointdisarmdisasterdiscarddischargediscontinuediscomfortdiscountdiscouragediscoverdisorderdiseasedishonorable dissatisfactiondisproofdissuade7)in-(变体为 ig,il,im,ir,)表示否定意义 。inaccessible inaccurateinadequateincapable incompatibleincredible indefiniteindispensableineffective inevitableinexpensive infiniteinnocentinnumerable inorganicinsignificant instabilityinsufficientinvariably invisibleignoble ignoranceillegalillogical illiterateimmoral impatientimperfectimproper impurityirregular irresponsibleirrespectiveirreversible8)mal-含有“坏，不当”的意思。maltreat malnutritionmaledictionmalformationmalefactor maladministrationmalpracticemalfunction9)mis-(OE)表示错误或否定的意思。misdeed misfire misfortunemisguidedmislead misspellmisprint misuse mistrustmistakemispronouncemisrepresentmisunderstand10)non-(L)表示否定的意思。nonconformist noninterference nonsense non-smokernonviolence non-stopflight non-achievernon-addictnon-color non-book(非书)11)un(OE)表示“否定，相反”的意思。uncertain unconscious undesirableunemploymentunfair unfitunfortunatelyunheard-ofunload unlockunbendundounsuitable unfastenuntieundress

表示空间和时间的前缀ab-表示“脱离，分离”(away,off,from,apart)abnormalabsentabuseabsorbabstractad-,意思是‘朝向，附近，增减为(to,towards,at,near,into)。变体为(ac-,af-,al-,an,ap,as,at,)。adaptaddressadequateadhereadjacentadjectiveadjoinadmireadoptadmissionadventureadvertiseadvocateaccentaccelerateaccessaccommodateaccompanyaccomplishaccordaccountaccumulateaccuseaccustomacquisitionacquaintacquireaffectaffirmaffordaggravateaggressiveallegealleviateallotannounceannulallyappendixappetiteapplaudapplianceappointappreciateapproachapproveapproximatearrangearrayarrestarrowassembleassessassignattain associateassistassumeassureattachattractattribute3)amb-(GK)意思是“周围” (around,about).ambientambitionambush4)ante-(L)表示‘在前面或早于’ 。anteroomantecedentantedate5)by-(OE)表示“副” ，“次要的” 。byendbylawbypassbypathbyproductbyroadbywork6)circum-(L)表示‘周围，环绕’环绕‘circuitcirculatecircumstancecircumlocutioncircusencirclecircularcircumferencecircumcirclecirclecircumnavigationcyclebicycleencyclopedia7)de-(L)表示‘向下，离开’ 。decaydeclinedegradationdependdepositdepressdepartdeviatedepartmentdeficiencydefaultdeflectdescend8)dia-(GK)表示“通过” (through,between)。diagnosediagramdialoguediameter9)dis-(变体为 di)(L)表示“分离，离去“分离，离去”。dismissdisplacedispeldissipatedissolvedistributedimensiondiversedivorcedistinguishdistillation10)ex-(变体为 e,ee,ef,)(GK,L)表示“外面或向外.exceedexceedinglyexcellentexceptexceptionexcessexclaimexhaustexhibitexhibitionexitexactemitemigrateexoticexodusexpandexpenditureexplainexplicitexplodeexportexposeexposition

externalextractextendextensiveexteriorexternalextractTOC\o"1-5"\h\z有时这个词缀表示‘前任’ 。ex-presidentex-husbandex-servicemanex-mayorex-convict11)extra-(L)表示“外面和通过”。extraextraordinaryextravagant12)fore-(OE)表示时间或空间上的前面。forearmforelegforefrontforeseeforecastforegoingforegroundforewarnforeheadoretellforeword13)in-(变体为 il,im,ir),表示“内部，向内”。(in,into,upon)includeincomeincorporateinduceingredientinherentinjectinlandinletinputinsertinsightinspireintakeinvadeinvestinvestigateimprisoninvolveinwardilluminateimmigrateimpactimplementTOC\o"1-5"\h\zimportimpression14)inter-表示“相互，之间”interactinterchangeintercourseinterconnectintermediateinternationalinterplanetaryinterpretinterruptinterdependinterveneinterviewinterpersonalinterfereinterbehaviorism15)out-(OE),表示“外面，向外和超过” 。outbreakoutcome outdoor outletoutlineoutlookTOC\o"1-5"\h\zoutputoutnumberout-patientoutsideroutstanding16)over-(OE)表示‘在上面，超越，过分’ 。overactoveralloverburdenoverchargeovercoatovercomeovercriticaloverflowoverestimateoverhangoverheadoverlapoverloadoverlookovernightoverseasovertakeoverwhelmTOC\o"1-5"\h\z17)per-(L)表示“穿过，完全” 。perceive perfect perform performance persistpersuadepervade18)post-(L)表示时间或空间上的后面 。postscript postwar postpone postgraduate post-modernism posthumous19)pre-(L),表示时间或空间上的前面。precautionprecedeprecedingunprecedentedpredecessorpredictpredominantprefacepreferpre-electionprehistoricpreheatpreliminarypreludeprepareprepositionprerequisiteprescribepreserve20)pro-(GK)presidentpresume表示表示时间，空间或顺pretend上的“前面” 。preventpreviousprocedureproceedprocessprocessionproclaimproduceprofessionprofileprofitprogram progressprojectprominentpropositionpromiseprospectpromoteprotestpronouncepropelprovide provisionpropose21)re-(L)表示“返回” ，“还原 ”“反对”和“相互”的意思。recallreceiptreconcile recoverreflectrenewreleasereverserepairreviewreplaceresignresourcerestorerebel reclaimrejectreluctantrepelresentresist restrain restrictrevoltresetredoubleresponserefinerevengeremoteremoveretireremarkresearchrespectresolve22)sub--(L)(变体为suc,suf,sug,supsus),意思是‘在♦••卜面，引申义有“亚”“副”“次”“分”“再”等。sub-committeesub-conscioussub-delegatesub-tropical sub--bandsub-title sub-way sub-systemsub-topicsub-spacesubstandardsub-normalsub-mersionsub-missionsubminiaturesub-mansub-samplesub-salesub-marksubdividesubjectsubmarinesubordinatesub-programsubscribesubstancesubstitute suburb subsoilsub-watersubtractsucceedsufficient suggest supportsupplysuppresssuspendsuspect sustain23)super-(L)(变体为sur-,sup-)意思是“”在。。。上面，超过 (ontop,above)“superficialsuperiorsuperioritysupermansupermarketsuperpowersupersonicsuperstructuresuperfacesurplussurvivesupreme24)tele-(GK)表示“远” 。telegramtelegraphtelephonetelescopetelelecturetelemarketingtelevisiontelecommunications(telecom)telephototeleoperatorteleplaytelesattelescripttelewritertelerecordtelextelecamerateleconfernecetelefilmteleclasstelecourseteleportteleprinterteleprocessingtelethontelework25)trans-(L)表示“横过，越过 (across)”。transactiontransfertransformtranscontinentaltransienttransistortranslatetransmittransparenttransporttransgenetranscenturytransplant26)ultra-(L)表示“在。。。之外(beyond)”ultrahigh超高 ultra-leftultra-rightultraviolet紫外线 ultrasonic超声波27)under(OE)表示“低于，不足”underdevelopedunderestimateundergraduateundergroundunderprivilegedunderlineunderlyingunderloadedunderinvestmentunderletundermineunderpaidunderpassunderpaymentunderworldunderneathundertakeundertoneundertimeunderwrite(4)表示程度的前缀381)extra-(L)表示“超过的

extraextraordinaryexrtraterritorialexternalextramuralextranuclearextravagantextraextraordinaryexrtraterritorialexternalextramuralextranuclearextravagant2)out(OE)表示“超过的”意思outdoouteatoutflyoutgeneraloutgrowoutrankoutweighoutnumberoutbidoutdoouteatoutflyoutgeneraloutgrowoutrank3)over(OE)表示“过分，太”overchargeovercarefuloveract overbuildoverburdenoverdoovercriticaloverdoseoverestimateoverpopulatedoverwork overcaution4)quasi-(L)表示“类似的，准” 。quasihistoricalquasicholeraquasiofficialquasisovereignquasiconductorquasicontract5)under-(OE)表示‘低于，不足’ 。underchargeunderdeveloped undersized understaffedunderexposure(5)表示特殊意义的前缀1)auto-((GK)表示“自身、自己、自动“的意思。automobileautomation autobiography autosuggestionautonomy(自治)autocracyautogamyautographautothermicautotransformer2)con-(L)一起，共同“ ”(变体有 con,comcor)page41concealconcentrateconcernconcludeconcreteconcurrentcondenseconductconfessconferenceconfidenceconfirmconflictconformconfrontconfuse congratulatecongressconquerconsentconsequencecomprehensiveconserveconstituteconsultconsumecontactcontextcontestcontractcontributionconversationcollaboratecolleaguecollidecombatcombinecommissioncommitteecommunitycompactcomparativecompilecompatiblecomplycompose compoundcompresscompromisecorporationcorrelatedcorrespond3)eu-(GK)表示“好”的意思。Page41eulogy颂词eugenics优生学 euphemism委婉语 euphony谐音4)hetero-(GK)表示“异，杂” 。heterogen异基因heterogeneous异类的，异性的，异族的 heterosexual异性恋的heteromorphy异态现象 hetero-metabolism异新陈代谢 heteronym同型异音异义词heterophobia异性恐惧症 heterosuggestion他人暗示 heterograph异拼法5)homo-(GK),表示“相同”的意思。homo-geneous均匀的homo-type同型homo-sexual同性恋的 homo-transplant同种移植6)neo-(GK)表示“新的”neocolonialism新殖民主义 neo-classicism新古典主义 Neolithic新石器时代的neo-Darwinism新达尔文主义 neologism新词语7)re-(L)表示“再一次，重新”的意思。readjustreaffirmrebirthrebuildrecitereformrefreshmentrefuelreconsiderreviserelayrelieveremindrepresentreputationresortretailretrievereviverenewrefundresumeresortremedy8)syn-(GK)表示“共同，合” 。Page43sympathy同情 symphony交响乐 symposium座谈会synonym同义词 syntonic谐振的 synthesis合成syntherma同温的l9)vice-(L)表示“副，次”的意思。vice-presidentvice-ministerviceregal副王的 viceroy副王viscount子爵(6)改变词类的前缀1)a-(L)能将动词转换成表语性形容词，或者将名词转化成副词。 Page44afire燃烧着 aliveasleepastirastride跨坐着aglimmer闪着微光awash波浪冲打的 afloataboardabedasideaback向后2)be-(OE)能将不及物动词或名词，形容词转换成及物动词。befall使遭遇bemoan悲叹beseem适宜 bespeak预示befriend帮助belittle贬低becloud遮暗becalm使镇定befog使迷惑 bedew沾湿bedim使阴暗3)en-(L)将名词、形容词转换成动词，并表示“置于。。。之中。”enableencircle包围embody体现endanger危及enslave奴役enlargeenfeeble使衰弱ensure保证empower授权

二常见的词根1）ag,act（L）含义是“做”agencyagentagonda(议事日程)agitate（鼓动）actactionactivityactualcounteractexactinteractreacttransactionactor2）audi-（L）,含义是“听” 。audibleauditaudio-visualmethodaudienceauditoriumaudibleauditaudio-visualmethodaudienceauditorium（礼堂）3)bat,(L)含义是“打” 。batbattlebatterybattercombatbattalionbatbattlebatterybattercombatbattalion(军队)4)bio(GK)含义是“生命” 。biologybiographyantibiotics（抗生素）bioengineeringbioscienceautobiographerbionicsautographybiographer（传记作家）autobiographer5）ced,ceed,cess（L）,含义是“走” 。concedeantecedentexceedexceedingexcessexcessiveaccedeaccessconcedeantecedentproceed

successionprocedureprocessprocessionsucceedsuccessorrecede（后退） recess（休息）successfulsuccessivesecede（退出）6)cid,cis(L)含义是“切割，杀” 。decideconcisepreciseexcide切除 incise切入homicide（杀人罪）insecticidepesticidebactericidetyrannicide（诛杀暴君）suicide（自杀）7）claim,clam,（L）含义是“呼喊” 。claimexclaimproclaimreclaim（改造） acclaim（喝彩）clamor(喧闹)8）clud,clus（L）含义是“关闭” 。concludeincludeexcludepreclude（免除，预防）9）cord（L）含义是“心” 。concord（同心）discord（不和）cordial（衷心的）couragerecordcoreaccordance（一致，符合）10）cre（L）含义是“生长”concreteincrement（增长） createcreatureincreasedecrease11） cur,cours（L）含义是“跑” 。currentconcurrent同时发生occurrecurexcursionintercourseprecursor（一致）12）dict（L）含义是“说” 。dictatedictationdictator（独裁者）dictionaryedict（法令）predictindicatecontradict（反驳）diction（措辞）13）duce（L）含义是“引导”producededuce（推导）reduceseduce（弓I诱）educateconductintroduceabduct（诱拐）14）equ（L）含义是“相等的” 。equalequateadequateequatorequivalentequivocalequation15）fin（L）含义是“末尾” 。finalfinishfiniteconfine（限制）definition（定义）definiteinfinite（无限的）define（下定义）16）flect,flex（L）含义是“弯曲”flexible（易弯曲的）flexibilitydeflect（偏斜）reflect反思reflectioninflection（屈折变化 ）17）flu（L）含义是“流动：fluidfluentinfluenceaffluence（丰富）influx（倾入）fluctuate（波动） confluence（会合） flush（奔流） flux（流动）fort,fore（L）含义是“强有力”。effortenforce force fort fortitude（坚毅） reinforce comfortTOC\o"1-5"\h\zfrag（L）含义是“破碎” 。fragment（碎片）fractionfrail（脆弱的） fragile（易碎的）fracture（骨折）20）gen（GK）含义是“出生” 。generategeneticsingenerate（天生的） genuine（真的）generousdegenerategenocide（种族灭绝） generatortransgenic（转基因）general21）geo（GK）含义是“地球” 。geography地理geology地质学 geomagnetic（地磁白geometry（几何学）geoscience地球科学geochemistry地球化学 geothermal（地热学）22）grand,gress（L）含义是“一步或迈步”gradegraduategradual degradeprogress23）gram,graph（GK）含义是“写或书写的东西” 。Phonograph留声机 diagramgrammargradegraduategradual degradeprogress23）gram,graph（GK）含义是“写或书写的东西” 。Phonograph留声机 diagramgrammarmonograph（专题论文）programtelegram24）grav（L）含义是“沉重” 。grave严重 grief忧愁 gravity重力25）her,hes（L）含义是“粘着” 。adherecoherecohesion26）hydro（GK）含义是“水或氢” 。hydro-power水电hydraulic水力的congressaggress（侵略） regressphotograph micrograph（微写器）thermogram（自记温度图表）aggravate（力口重）adhesivehesitateinhereinherent（内在的）hydroelectric水力发电的 hydrocarbon（碳氢化合物）hydroplane水上飞机 hydrogen氢hydromechanics流体力学 hydroextractor(脱水机)27)ject,(L)含义是“抛或扔” 。Eject9弹出)Eject9弹出)inject(注射)projectrejectobjectsubjectjetinterject(突然插入)28)loc(L)表示“地方” 。locallocatelocomotive火车头allocate分配collocate并置locallocatelocomotive火车头allocate分配collocate并置radiolocation无线电测位 locality地点locationlocalize使地方化29)log(GK)含义是“说话或推理” 。logicdialogueprologue序幕epilogue跋，结束语trilogy三步曲logicdialogueprologue序幕epilogue跋，结束语trilogy三步曲climatology气候学ecology生态学phonology语音学 eulogist赞扬者cosmology宇宙学cosmology宇宙学technology工艺学30)man,manu(L)含义是“手” 。manualmanipulate操纵manuscriptmanualmanipulate操纵manuscript手稿managemanifest表明manufacture31)meter(GK)表示“计，表，器，仪” 。radiomicrometer放射显微仪speedometer速度计thermometer温度表bocolourimeter双色比色计gasometerradiomicrometer放射显微仪speedometer速度计thermometer温度表bocolourimeter双色比色计gasometer煤气表hydrometer液体比重表photoelectrometer光电表watermeter水表lightmeter照度表32)medi(L)含义是“中间”immediate没有间隔的mediumimmediate没有间隔的medium媒介 mediator调停人intermediate中间的33)mit,miss(L)含义是“发，送”admitemit(发出)submitadmitemit(发出)submit(使服从) transmitmissilemessagedismisspromise34)mov,mot(L)含义是“动”removeremoteemotionmotionpromotionmotorlocomotivemobileautomobilemovementremoveremoteemotionmotionpromotionmotorlocomotivemobileautomobilemovement35)nat(L)含义是“出生”nativenationantenatal产前的 postnatal产后的innate天生的cognate天生的nature天性 renaissance复兴TOC\o"1-5"\h\z36)not(L)含义是“知道” 。notenoticeannouncenotarynotorious臭名昭著的 nobledenote表示37)nov(L)含义是“新的” 。noveltyinnovate(革新) novice(新手) renovate(更新)path(GK)含义是“感情，疾苦” 。patheticsympathy antipathy(憎恶) apathy(漠然)pathology(病理学)pathogen(病原体 )pathomorphology(病理形态学 )hydropathy(水疗法)pedal(L)含义是“足” 。pedal pedestrian行人， pedicab三轮车 pedicure足疗法centipede百足之虫 expedition impede防碍 biped两足的pel,puls(L)含义是“推或逐” 。Impulse冲动 impel推动 expel开除 repulse击退propel推进 despel驱散 compel强迫 pulse脉冲phon(GK)含义是“声音” 。Phonograph留声机 phonology语音学 microphone麦克风 earphone耳机Videophone电视电话 symphony交响曲 audiphone助听器42)photo(GK)意思是“光” 。photograph照片 photoswitch光控开关 photoflash闪光灯photoeffect光效应phototube光电管photoeffect光效应phototube光电管photology光学photoelectron光电子43)pon,pos,(L)含义是“放，置”postponecomponent成分composeposition apposition同位语 deposit储存exposeoppose反对proposepreposition前置词 depose罢官postimpose强加interpose插入，干涉TOC\o"1-5"\h\zport(L)意思是“拿，运” 。portableimportexporttransportreportdeportsupportport portertransportationpress(L)意思是“挤，压” 。press pressurecompress压缩compressorexpressimpressimpressionsuppress忍住repress镇压oppress压迫46)prim,prior(L)含义是“第一，居先的” 。Prime主要的 primaryprimitive原始的 priorpriority优先(权)47)rupt(L)含义是‘破，裂。rupture坏裂 disrupt破坏 corrupt腐败 erupt爆发，喷出bankrupt破产interrupt打断 abrupt突兀48)scop(GK)含义是“观看” 。scope范围 microscope显微镜 telescope望远镜photoscope照相望远镜 radarscope雷达显示器scrib,script含义是“写”inscribe题写，刻写prescribe开处方 subscribe签署，订阅 inscribe题写，刻写transcribe转抄 postscript附言 scripture手稿 scribble潦草，涂写manuscript手稿 manuscript手稿 script笔迹typescript打印材料spec,spect,含义是“看。spectator旁观者inspectperspective透视spectator旁观者inspectperspective透视spectacle景象prospect前景suspect怀疑 respectdespise轻视prospect视野TOC\o"1-5"\h\ztang,tact,(L)含义是“接触” 。contact接触 tact技巧 tactile触角的 intact未触动的tangible可触摸的 contagious接触传染的 tangent切线term,(L),含义是“终端，界限” 。term学期 termi