书院it-av初步设计报告及文件-5850acoustic schematic design report

ACOUSTICS声Summary综PurposeTelowngprtpeensiialoensd eainseadobaebidngsrucual,arhiecual,dehnclcosicdeineiensreaoeernedpoec.ousiclesinuieiescnideenaeadarevewofCnptdeinsadoeer30h12.ldeincriraoropensofepoecteasdonBsdrsndimlrrjectns.下面的报告提出了上述工程与建筑结构学、建筑学和机械声学设计要求相关的初步意见和建议。所依据的声学设计原则基于2012年11月30AcousticalDefinitionsSoundTransmissionClass(STC):isastandardratingontheabilityofasingleconstructionelement,suchasapartitionordoor,toresistsoundtransmission,measuredonthedecibelscale.PublishedratingsofbuildingelementsaregivenintermsofSTC.Masonrywallandgypsumboardmanufacturersgenerallypaytohavevariousconstructionstestedinaspecially-designedacousticallaboratory.ReferencetablesarealsogenerallyprovidedintermsofSTC.Thesetestsareperformedunderideallaboratoryconditionswherecarefulconstructionoftheelementbeingtestedismaintainedtoinsurethatanylossesduetosoundflankingarenegligible.Thereisalsosurprisingvariationamongseeminglysimilartestsetupsforthesameconstruction.NotethatSTCratingscannotbedeterminedempiricallyforfield-builtpartitions.NoiseIsolationClass(NIC)valuesareobtainedwhenasimilartypeofperformedonawallinstalledinthefield,andratestheactualsoundseparationachievedbetweentworooms.TheNICofawallnecessarilytakesintoaccountanyimperfections,typicalornot,inthefield-workandistypically5-7pointslessthanthecorrespondinglaboratorySTCratingofthepartition.声音传输级（TC）：用来描述单筑构件，如隔开物或门，抵御声音传输的能力，以分贝为单位计量。已发布的各类建筑构件声音传输等级均用STC为单位。石墙和石膏板制造商经常自费在特别设计的声学对建筑进试各项建设。这些测试是在理想的条件下进行的，精心打造被测试构件，以确保维持任何声音侧翼造成的损失可以忽略不计。即使对于相同建筑进行的看似相似的测试其结果也有令人吃惊的不同。注意：对于室外建筑隔开物无法进行经验性TC。噪声阻隔级(NC)则是在现场作同类测试得到的值，也是两间房间之间实际的隔声表现。一道墙的NC值包括了它现场实际上所有的不完美，一般会比TC值低5-7。NoiseCriteria(NC):isasinglenumberratingsystemwhichsetsumlimitsonbackgroundnoiselevelsinoccupiedspacesduetooperationofbuildingmechanicalandelectricalsystems.Itisdeterminedbyapplyingamathematicalcurvefitofindividualoctavebandnoiselevelsthatisweightedbasedonhowthehumaneartendstoperceivesoundlevelsatdifferentfrequencies.噪声标准（NC）：是设置在使用空间由于建设机械和电子系统进行施工产生的背景噪声水平的最大值所使用的单一数字系统。它以人耳对于不同频率感知水平为基础，对单一倍频带噪声水进行数学曲线拟合得出的数据。AcousticalDesignCriteria声学设计标Basedonourcurrentunderstandingofspacetypesandspacelayouts,criteriaforumbackgroundnoiselevelsinoccupiedspacesandminimumacousticseparationrequirementsofpartitionsareestablishedbelow: STC(dBRWEquivalentPerGBstandard)背 隔噪 标 （依使dBRWFanRoom/M&E65-70STCSTC(AdjacenttooccupiedGroupStudySTCChiller85STCExhaustFanSTCAHUPlant65-70STCSTC(AdjacenttooccupiedElevatorSTCLiftSTCSTCRecreation室STCSTCPump70-75STCTeamSTC 55-60STCSTCEditingRoomSTCCopySTCSTCCaseStudySTCStorageSTCSwitchGear70-75STCBoiler70-75STCConferenceSTCLAN/InternetSTCDingSTCSTCPrivateSTCGrandAdminSTCMeetingAtSTCBtw.STCDirector’sSTC导师Dean’sSTC院长StudentSTC(onlowfanShaftinStudentSTCCorridoradjacenttoStu.CommonSTCSTC馆<STCOtherMech/Elec.<STCBackofSTC*Finalacousticalrequirementscontingentonaudio-visualprogramofSpecificadjacenciesofacousticalconcernarediscussedinthesectionsfollowing.Pleaserefertotheappendixattachedattheendofthisreportfor partitioningtypesandapproachesinefforttoachievethetabulatedacousticalseparationratingsofspacesintheprevioustable.特殊毗邻区的声学问题域将在下文探讨。请参阅末所附的附录所推荐的分隔类型方Structural结TypicalFunctionalSpacesFloorSlabThefloorstructuredesignfortypicalfunctionalspacesshouldhaveaminimumdeadloadmassof360kg/m2.Thiswillhelpprovideadequatemassinthefloorceilingsystemtohelpcontrolairbornenoisetransmissionbetweenverticallyadjacentspacesforactivitiesanticipatedintheseenvironments.Itis mendedthatfloorfortheseareastobe150mmthicksolidconcreteslabwhichshouldbesufficientinmeetingthis典型功能区域的楼板结构设计最小表面重量360kg/m2。这有助于提供足够的楼板质量保TypicalStudentRoomFloorSlabAsabase mendation,thetypicalfloorstructuredesignforStudentRoomsshouldachieveaminimumdeadloadmassof360kg/m2tomeetthe mendedcriteriaforverticalacousticalseparation.Theslabdesignissuggestedtobe150mmthicksolidconcreteslabwhich,incombinationwithafinishedsuspendedceiling,shouldbemorethansufficientinprovidingappropriateacousticalseparation..作为一个基本的建议，典型的学生宿舍地板结构设计应达到的最低为360kg/m2表面质量以满足垂直方向隔音要求。建议宿舍的楼板厚度为150mm，配合宿舍的吊顶，能提供足MechanicalPlantRoom/KitchenadjacenttoOccupiedSpaces机电设备房/厨房Thebaseslabsupportingequipmentonupperlevelmechanicalfloorsshouldhaveaminimumdeadloadmassof480kg/m2toprovideadequateairbornenoiseseparationtoadjacentoccupiedspacesinadditiontoprovidingasufficientlystiffenoughplatformtofacilitateproperfunctioningofmechanicalvibrationisolationdevices.Theslabdesignformechanicalfloorsis mendedtobe200mmthicksolidconcreteslabwhichshouldbesufficientinmeetingthis mendation,basedonSM&Wscalculations.位于使用空间上方的设备机房的地板结构设计应达到的最低为480kg/m2表面质量，以提供足够的空气隔音效果，同时也为机械减振设备提供了足够的厚度。建议楼板厚度为Similarly,theceilingslabformechanicalequipmentplantroomwhichisrightbelownoisesensitiveareasshouldhaveaminimumdeadloadmassof480kg/m2toprovideadequateairbornenoiseseparationtosensitivespacesabove.同样的，位于地上机电设备层的天花楼板应达到的最低为480kg/m2表面质量以提供足够ThoseslabsmentionedabovearelistedasB2Kitchenceilingslab（locatedrightbelowcasestudyroom）B2厨房（位于大研讨室下方）STC57:480B2AHUplantroomceilingslabbelowconferencecenter)B2AHU空调机房（位于多功能厅下方）STC55:360B2Teamroomoverchillerplantroom)B2研讨室（位于制冷机房上方）STC57:4801FKitchen（rightovercasestudyroomandbelowstudentroomaswell）1F厨房（位于大研讨室上方，同时位于学生宿舍下方）STC57:4801FDirector’sOfficeDean’sOfficeoverAHUplantroomandboilerroom)1F导师、院长（位于AHU空调机房和锅炉房上方）STC55:3602FCommonroom（overAHUplantroom）2F公共活动室（位于AHU空调机房上方）STC57:480RoofPlantRoom（ifany）STC57:480Thisrequirementassumesthatmechanicalequipmentlocatedonupperfloorswillbelimitedtoairhandlingequipment,fans,outsideairunits,andpumpslessthan50Hp.50hpFitnessCenterThefitnesscenteronB2Fwillrequirecarefulconsiderationinordertominimizestructure-borneandairbornenoisetransmissiontogroupstudyroomsbelow.Thebasefloorstructureforthisareashouldachieveaminimumdeadloadmassof360kg/m2.Also,theslabshouldbedesignedtohaveadynamicnaturalfrequencyof8Hzorhigher.Thiswillprovideagoodsolidbaseplatformforsupportofexerciseequipmentsuchastreadmills,stationarybicycles,freeweights.However,thisinitselfmaynotbesufficienttocontainallnoiseandvibrationgeneratedhere.位于B2层的区域需要仔细考虑如何将传递到下层研讨室的结构噪声和空气噪声减至最低。该区域楼板结构应达到的最低为360kg/m2表面质量。此外，楼板的设计应该具备动态8或更高的自然频率。这将为跑步机、固定自行车以及负重器械训练提供一个坚Exerciseequipment,particularlytreadmillsandfree-weightareas,willrequireadditionallocalizedisolationforstructure-bornenoise.Iflocalizedisolationofequipmentisnotfeasible,incorporatingasecondaryconcretetoplayerthatisdecoupledfromthebaseslabwithvibrationisolatorsorwithalayerofrigidbuildinginsulationwillneedtobeconsidered.Notealsothatgroupsofaerobicsexerciserscouldcausefloormovementproblems.Concretesupportedbysteelspringvibrationisolators（floatingfloor）arethetypicalapproaches(MasonIndustriesType‘FS’or‘MFS’systems,or器械，特别是跑步机及负重器械，将需要额外的局部控制结构噪声。如果器材局部行不通，可考虑采用浮筑楼板或1层隔振垫。还要注意的是一群健美操锻炼者可能导致地面振动。用弹簧支撑的混凝土（浮筑楼板）是常见的处理方案（如MasonIndustryFSMFS系统，或相似产品）。B2KitchenOverGroupStudyRoom;1FKitchenOverCaseStudyRoomThebaseslabsupportingthekitchenroomsshouldachieveaminimumdeadloadmassof360kg/m2,namelyminimum150mmconcreteslab.Furthermore,therewillbesomekindofstructural-bornenoise(vibration)transmissionduetofurniture/pantryshuffling,giventhefactthatthesekitchenroomsarelocatedrightabovenoisesensitiveroomswhichrequireaquitebackgroundnoiselevel,itis mendedthatfloatingfloororisolationpadtobeappliedrightontopofkitchenroomstructuralslab.厨房的地板结构设计建议应达到的最低为360km2表面质量，即至少150mm混凝土楼板。此外，厨房内餐车、厨具拖动会产生振动，考虑到下方为噪音敏感区域，我们建议在厨房结构楼板上方布置浮筑楼板或者隔振垫。Fig.IsolationFig.IsolationpadinstallationFig.FloatingfloorinstallationArchitectural建CurtainwallTheexteriorcurtainwallglazingwillrequiresomeconsiderationintermsofcontrollingexteriortrafficandmechanicalnoisetransmissiontoacceptablelevelsatoccupiedinteriorspace.Themainconcernherewillbeforstreettrafficnoisefromsurroundingroadwaysimpactinginsidefunctionalspaces;regardingthattheprojectiswithinTsinghuacampusandmostofthefunctionalspacesdon’thavedirectconnectiontooutsidespaces,itisanticipatedthattrafficnoisewillnotbeanissue.BasedonSM&W’sexperiencewithsimilarprojectsinurbanChineseenvironments,ithasbeenfoundthatspecifyingacurtainwallwithminimumSoundTransmissionClass(STC)of35andOutdoorIndoorTransmissionClass(OITC)of30cantypicallyprovideadequateexteriornoisemitigationforstudentroomsandstandardprivateofficespacelocatednearthecurtainwall.OITCisalaboratoryratingstandardsimilartotheSTCstandarddescribedinSection1,exceptthatthecalculationtakesintoaccountaslightlydifferentrangeoffrequenciesthatmorecloselyresemblestypicaloutdoornoisesources.玻璃幕墙外部玻璃要考虑控制外部的交通和机械噪声传输到大楼，使之降到一个可以被接收的水平。主要关注周围道路的交通噪声对使用空间造成的影响。由于本项目有位于校园内，且地上部分主要为学生宿舍，我们预计无明显噪音影响。基于城市环境中相类似的工程的验，发现最声音输级（TC）为35室外输级（OITC）为30的特制幕墙通常可以为在幕墙附近的学生宿舍和提供充足的外噪音缓解。OITC是一个类似于在第1节所述传输等级（STC）的标准标准MullionConnectionsInadditiontoexteriornoisetransmissionthroughthecurtainwall,thecurtainwallmullionconnectiondetailswillneedtobeaddressedtohelppreventsoundflankingbetweenverticallyandhorizontallyadjacentspaces.Suchdetailswillbeofparticularconcerninstudentroomswherehigherlevelsofacousticalseparationwillbeexpected..Ideally,themullionconstructionatstudentroomsdemisingwallswouldhavethefollowing除了考虑控制噪音通过玻璃幕墙传入外，幕墙竖框的连接位置也需要额外关注以防水平及垂直方向的漏音，特别是对于学生宿舍的隔音。理想情况下，竖框与宿舍分户墙的连接位置需要有如下的特性：Extra-heavygaugemetalconstructionInsulationprovidedwithinthemullion,竖框提供隔Aside-to-sidethermalacoustical)break帖到两边的隔热（隔音）Themullionmayalsobecladwithaninsulationmetalcapandenclosedwithtwo(2)layersofdrywalleachsidetohelpmaintainthehighlevelofacousticalmendedbetweenguestrooms.竖框可能有金属覆层覆盖，并用2层石膏板在两边密封，来帮助保持客房所需要的高等级LobbiesDuetotherelativelylargeoverallvolumeofthegroundfloorlobbies,andexpectationforamajorityofhardsurfacefinishes,noisebuildupandreverberationisexpectedtobeprevalent.Fortypicallobbyandpublicspacethatfunctionprimarilyasatransitoryareawhereonlyclose-proximitycommunicationisexpectedtooccur,ahighdegreeofreverberationistypicallynotaconcernandisoftentimesexpectedinsuchspaces.However,ifitisanticipatedthatthesespaceswillbeutilizedformoreorganizedfunctionssuchasmoreformalgatherings;implementationofsoundabsorptivetreatmentwillneedtobeconsideredtolimitreverberationappropriayandcreateanenvironmentthatismoreconducivetospeechinligibility.由于底层大堂的相对庞大空间和大量坚硬表面，噪声积聚及产生回音将非常普遍。对于典型的作为一个过渡区域的大堂及公共空间，只有近距离沟通才会发生，大量回音混响较为普遍。但应该考虑到此类场所也常被用作有组织活动的场地，如大型正规等，因此需OperableWallsOperablewallsusedfordivisionoftheconferencecenterare mendedtobesound-ratedsystemswithaminimumSoundTransmissionClassratingof52,ifsimultaneoususageofdividedsectionsisanticipated.Additionally,wesuggestthatthemanufacturerberequiredtomeetafield-installedNoiseIsolationClass(NIC)ratingof活动隔墙如果用于分隔多功能厅，我们建议隔音等级应不少于STC52。另外，我们建议生产厂家需要符合NIC42等级。Operablewalls,ingeneral,willbeacousticallyweakerthanfixedpartitions,evenusingthebestqualitysystemsavailable.Notethatthefield-installedratingsofballroomoperablewallsareweakerthanthetypicalfixedpartitionsbetweenballroomsandmeetingrooms(STC-55orgreater).TheNIC-42ratingisgenerallyacceptableforseparationofballrooms,althoughoftenhardertomeetformeetingroomswithsmallersurfaceareasandoverallroomvolumesbutdoesnotofferthehighlevelofsoundisolationthatthefixedNIC-50partitionsprovide,andissubjecttoimpropersetup,damagedperimeterseals,andotherincidentalcompromisesinsoundisolation.Thisisnotmeanttoimplythattheuseofoperablewallsisnot mended,butonlythatthereareinherentlimitationsinsoundseparation.Higheracousticalratingsareachievableonlywithtwoside-by-sidewallsseparatedby30cmormoreofairspacewithobviouscostandspacedisadvantages.内活动隔墙的隔音等级会低于宴会厅和会议室内的固定隔墙(STC-48或更高)。通常宴会厅的隔音等级达到STC-42是可以接受的，尽管通常比较难符合会议室的要求，就算处于更小的面积和使用全部的空间，隔音能力都不会比NIC-50高。当因使用不当，使周边的封条限。如果需要更高的隔音能力可以用两块相距30cm或的并排隔墙，但明显会增加成Properdetailingoftheperimeterconditionswillneedtobeundertakeninordertolimitthedegreeofsoundleakage.Someconditionsare:Plenumclosureabovetheoperablepartition.Drywallmustclosetothewalltrack.Airtransferbetweenclosedplenumconditions,whenneeded,mustbethroughacousticallylined‘Z-trap’ductconfigurations.活动隔墙轨道上方之密封措施,隔墙顶部的通风管可能有需要安装输气Endconditionsto‘accept’partitionandpressureofpartition.Also,endclosurewallfinishmustconsidertheclosureofthepartition(novoidsorrevealsatbaseboards,ceiling,etc.).Pocketclosureconditionstomaintainacousticalseparation.Somemanufacturersrequireclosurethroughpockettothe‘inside’wall,othersrelyonthedoorsofthepocket.Thisistobecoordinatedwiththeproposedvendor.Overheadstructuretobedesignedtocarryweightofpartitions.TypicallyreviewedbyprojectStructuralEngineer.MechanicalFloorsNoiseandvibrationwillpotentiallytransmitfromthemainmechanicalfloorstooccupiedspacesdirectlyaboveandbelowviathefollowingpaths:Airbornetransmissionofequipmentnoisedirectlythroughthefloor空气的设备噪声直接穿越楼板TransmissionofequipmentnoiseandvibrationthroughthebuildingStructure-bornetransmissionofequipmentnoiseviathecommonexteriorLeakageofairbornenoiseattheslabedgeOutdoornoisepropagationfromintake/exhaustlouverstoadjacentItems#1and#2areaddressedinthestructuralsectionabove.Item#3shouldnotbeanissuebasedonequipmentselections.Withregardtopotentialleakageofairbornenoisethroughtheslabedgecondition(item#4),ourbase mendationistoimplementtherequiredfirestopdetail,butthentosealthegapwithaheavy-densityfire-stopputtysuchas3M‘MoldablePutty’,however,areviewofthecurtainwallmullionconditionwillneedtobecoordinatedaspreviouslydiscussed.Item#5willbeaddressedinthemechanicalsectionofthisreport.第1、2点的噪声问题已在上述结构章节讨论解决方案。通过合理的机械设备选型，第3点也不成问题。对于空气噪声楼板边缘问题（第4点），我们的基本建议就是防火设施的细节，然后用重密度防火油灰如3M型可塑油灰将缝隙堵死。但是，如上文述及，此前必须对幕墙竖框连接进行协调审核。第5点产生的问题会在机械章节PartitionConstructionDetailingPleasebeadvisedtheSoundTransmissionClass(STC)ratingsofpartitionsaretheideallaboratoryratedvalues,andshouldbeusedtodefinethelevelofeffortanddetailrequiredforthepartitionconstruction.ThesevaluesshouldNOTbeusedforinstalledfinalperformancecriteria.Fieldinstallationistypically5-7pointsbelowideallaboratoryvalues.Toachievethebestlevelofinstalledacousticperformancepossible,full-heightpartitionconstructiondetailsmustbeconsistentwithgoodacousticaldesignpractice.Thefollowing mendationsshouldbefollowedinordertomaintaintherequiredlevelofsoundisolationofeachpartition.Wesuggestthatthesepracticesbeincorporatedintotheprojectspecificationswherespecificacousticrequirementsaretobemet:声音等级（TC）是在的理想测试环下取得的结果，用来制定在施现场的设计规范。这些数值不应用于安装的最终性能标。实际现场得到的值一般比理想状态低5-7个点。为了使实际安装后的声学性能尽可能达到最佳，全面的隔墙施工细节一定要同良好的声学设计实践相一致。请遵循以下建议以保证每堵隔墙都能达到要求的隔声级别：Electricalandservicereceptaclebackboxesforadjacentroomsaretobepositionedminimum610mmapartandinseparatestudspaces.(seeFig2below)邻近房间的电气插座背盒互相之间要有610mm的背对背距离。（见图2）Nodrywalllayersaretobecontinuousbetweentwoadjacentrooms.(seeFig.3分隔两个房间的石膏板墙体在结合处应互相错开。（Demisingpartitionstoclosethroughperimeterfasciatothebasebuildingconstruction,suchascolumnenclosures,etc.(seeFig4.below)间隔墙同基础结构如柱围墙等之间用密封剂密封。（Providecontinuousacoustical(non-hardening)caulkingbeadsoneachsideofthetopandbottomstudrunneratthethree-wayintersectionbetweentherunner,flooranddrywall(seeFig1).缝。（1）Acousticalcaulkingtoclosegapsbetweenservicereceptaclebackboxes(electrical,ephone,data,etc.)anddrywall.Multiplelayersofdrywallaretobeappliedwithjointsstaggeredatleast406mmrelativetooneanother.Wallpenetrationswiderthan610mmtobeframedoutbymetalstuds,otherwisetobebetweenfullheightstuds.Theframingshallmaintainlessthana50mmgaparoundductworkorotherservicepenetratingthewall.宽于610mm的墙洞加有轻钢龙骨外框。框架同管道系统或其它功能洞口周围的间隙维持在50mm内。Penetrationsthroughsoundcriticalpartitions(ducts,pipes,conduit,cabletrays,etc.)aretobehandledasfollows:25mmorlessgapfilledtightlywithbattinsulationand/orfiresafing,25mm或更小的缝隙用隔音棉或防火棉塞紧，Gapslargerthan25mmfilledwithheavy-densityputtysuchasNelsonFSPorCLKSealant,J.M.Clipper“Duxseal,”3M“MoldablePutty.”Fireratingsofmaterialstobeverifiedbyothers.25mmFSPorCLKSealantJ.MClipper“Duxseal,”3M“MoldablePutty”填满。防火等级须经确认。Cabletraystobepackedtightlywithheavydensityputty,asabove,oncecablesareReturnairtransferandpathwaysaretobecoordinatedwithmechanicalAlldetailsandmaterialsasrequiredbydrywallmanufacturertoachievelaboratorySoundTransmissionClass(STC)ratings.FigureFigure1:TypicalDemisingPartitionandCaulkFigureFigure2:OffsetofJunctionBoxesNecessaryforSoundCriticalFigureFigure3:TypicalIntersectionDetailforSoundCriticalPartition,withNoContinuousLayersofDrywallAcrosstheIntersection3FigureFigure4:PartitionIntersectionwithColumnorOtherBase-Building图FigureFigure5:PartitionTerminatingatSolidWallorColumnatElevatorNoiseControl电梯噪声控Whenoperatingperplansandspecifications,theelevatorequipmentshouldnotgeneratenoiselevelsinexcessofNC-35inoccupiedspaceswithoutanypuretones.Apuretoneshallbedefinedasasoundlevelinanyone-third-octaveband,whichisgreaterthan5dBabovebothadjacentone-third-octavebands,intherange45to16,000Hz.Inordertomeettheserequirements,noise/vibrationcontrolmeasureswillneedtobeimplementedforelectrictractionelevatorsystems.Specificdetailinformationonnoisecontrolforelevatorsystemsareprovidedbelow.执行每个方案和规范时，使用空间的电梯设备应产生的噪声不应超过NC35等级，并且不4516000Hz1/3倍频等级，比两边相邻的1/3倍频程等级高出5dB。为了满足这些要求，需Ifpassengerandserviceelevatorsarelocatedinthecorewiththeaddedbenefitofacorridor,thiscana anacousticalbufferzone,separatingthisareafromacousticallysensitivespaces(i.e.studentrooms,meetingrooms,etc).However,thefollowingdetailsshouldbeincorporatedintothedesignoftheresidentialelevatorstohelppreventstructurebornenoiseandvibrationtransmissionfromimpactingguestroomsandotheracousticallysensitivespaces:如果客用电梯及后勤服务电梯位于大楼桶并用走廊，这会形成一个声学屏障，使电梯远离声学敏感区域（如学生宿舍、会议室等）。然而，下列设计细节应应用于住宅电Thehoistadsheaes(pri ndsecndryordelecr)aeobemundoasinleuiizdsrucuralbaeatisresiientlyoundoeuidingsruc.Theesilintounssallehemosteeciveisolonsysempovddbyheelevaormanuacuer,butnotlesshan25mhicksolidorlayerdneopenepdsinsalldoprovde25msaicdelecon(r10%ofoalpadhickness).升降机及电缆（主机和备速器）要安装在一个有弹性并能和建筑结构的单一组合结构的底部上。这个支撑底部的弹性基座是最有效的系统，应由电梯供货商提供，但应该不少于25mm氯丁橡胶或者天然橡胶垫，并且应有25mm静挠度soaehensrersndreacancenisrmeuidngsrucuebymensofaprovdnoree-n-sarislaorshavingamnimumsaiceleconofmm.变压器，电抗器或者电机等的供应商需要安装最有效的隔振系统，但合成橡胶垫的双mm。Isolatethehitchplatestotheelevatorcarbymeansofanelastomericpadincompressiondesignedtoprovide3mmdeflectionunderdynamicloading.用橡胶将索结板与电梯车厢进行，橡胶在动态载荷下需提供3mm的静挠度Solidstaterectificationunitsshallbemountedon20mmthickneoprenewaffleorribbedpadisolators.Aneffectiveelectricalfilter/reactancelimitingelectricalnoiseshallbeprovided.20mm后的橡胶方格垫或棱纹垫上。采用有效的滤波器或电抗Useflexibleconduitwithgroundwireformotor,machinedrive ernor,andposition/velocitytransducerconnections.AllconnectionstoequipmentaretobeDoubleropedsystemsshallterminateropesontheunitizedresilientlymountedbaseofthemachine.Provideneoprene/rubberrollerguideGuiderailsandrollersaretobeproperlyalignedandmaintainedtoobtainthe‘quietest’operationpossible.MechanicalSystems机电系NoiseControlApproachSM&Wpreferstousein-ductacousticlininginsupplyandreturnductworkfornoisecontrolofair-handlersasithasproveneffectiveinmostapplicationsandtendstobeaverycosteffectiveapproach.Itisadvisedthatthein-ductsoundattenuators,willimpartmorestaticpressurethanductlining,therebyreducingthesystemcapacityandconsumingmoreenergy.Soundattenuatorsalsorequiregreaterlengthsofstraightductrunsandlargerductworksizessonottogenerateturbulencenoise.Furthermore,packlesssoundattenuatorswhichdonotcontainsoundabsorptivemediaaretypicallysignificantlylesseffectiveacousticallythanmorestandardgradesoundattenuatorsorhospitalgradesoundattenuatorswhichdocontainasoundabsorptivefill.Therefore,inadditiontoincorporatingpacklesssoundattenuators,thefollowingnoisecontrolapproachesmayalsoneedtobeconsideredtosomeextenttoreducemechanicalnoise倾向于在送回风风管中使用消音内衬以解决空气处理器噪声控制问题，因为该方法在许多运用中被证明有效，是一个极具成本效益的方法。管道比管道内衬会增加的静压，从而减少了系统载荷，并增加能耗浪费。还需要更大长度的直管和更大尺寸的管道系统以避免产生湍流噪声。此外，由于无填料没有吸音材料，其消音效果比一般的有填料或在医院里使用的有填料要差。因此，在采用无填料的Ductliningwithspecialfacingorcotton/opencellfoamlinersperforatedmetaland/orspecialplasticfi (typicallyDupontTedlarTMorsimilarspecialformulatedfilm)facingsinfrontoffiberglasslining.Othersynthetictypeopencelllinersmayalsobeconsidered.Lengthsoffacedliningmustbe35-50%longertoobtainsimilarnoisecontrolresults.Thetypeoffilmandinstallationproceduresspecifiedmustbecarefullyconsidered(i.e.,fireandsmokeratings,punctureoffilmuponinstallation,采用特殊面料或棉花开孔穿孔金属板或特殊塑料膜（例如DupntTedlarTM或特殊配方的膜）覆盖于吸音玻璃棉表面。也可以考虑使用其他合成的开孔内衬。闭孔内衬则需比开孔内衬长5-0%以达到同样的消音效果。必须仔细考虑膜的类型及安装方式（如防火等级、安装时刺穿的问题等）。Longrunsofductinmechanicalorsupportspacesbeforeenteringoccupiedareas.Thedesiredlengthsaredependentonfanoperatingconditionsandthetypeofoccupiedspace,but4.5to6metersistypicallyaminimumfornoisecontrolwithunlinedduct.在进入使用空间前，风管应有足够的长度。风管的长度取决于风机运行情况以及服务区，但是一般建议在进入使用空间前，为控制噪音水平，应有至少45-6米的无内衬风管。Carefulselectionandspecificationoffansatthelowestcomfortabledesignsystempressure.Thelargest,lowestspeedfanistypicallydesired,aslongasthefancurveselectionpointisreasonable.VariablespeedoperationtoensurethelowestsoundoutputatanygivenMainFan/AHUPlantRoomSelectionandorientationofairhandlingequipmentwillalsoneedtobecarefullyconsideredinordertoachieveadequatebackgroundnoiselevels.Appropriaengthsofductworkandacousticaltreatmentsofductworkwithinmechanicalroomswillneedtobestudiedatsubsequentdesignphasesinordertomaintain mendedacousticaldesigncriterianotedpreviouslyinthisreport.Thefollowingpresentsnoisecontroldesignguidelines:理仔细研究，以期达到本文开头所列的噪声控制标准。这需要在暖通空调系统图纸进一步Thefinalsupplyandreturnductworkconfigurationswithinmechanicalroomsshouldconsistofminimum8metersandtworadiuselbowturnsforsupplyand6metersandoneradiuselbowforreturnair.82Allsupplyductworkandelbowturnsinmechanicalroomsshouldhaveminimum50mminternalfiberglassacousticalductliningor,ifliningisnottobeused,provideaminimum1500mmlongsoundattenuatorsimilartoVibro-AcousticsTypeRD-MVsized um62.5机房内送风风管及弯头须采用至少50mm厚的管道声学内衬，如果不采用内衬，则需采用至少1500mm长的，类似Vibro-Acoustics的RD-MV型，62.5Pa。Allductworkwithinmechanicalroomsshouldbefabricatedofthelightestgaugesheetmetalpossibleinordertobestfacilitatenaturaldissipationofnoisewithinthemechanicalroomsbeforereachingoccupiedspace..DuctworkDistributionDesignForallbuilding-wideductworkdistributionsystemswesuggestthatallmainductworkbedesignedwithairflowvelocitiesforlaminarflow,sincevelocitygeneratedturbulencecreatesnoise.Thefollowingissuggestedforairflowvelocitylimitsasaguidelineformainductwork:umumAirflowVelocityMainDuct DesignMainDuct DesignCriterion 设计标准Inshaftorbelow 管井内或浮动地板下 8Above acoustic 9 5DuctinOccupied748Ductbranchestohavevelocities75%ofthevalueslistedabove.Finalductrunstoterminalunitstohaveairflowvelocities50%orlessofabovevalues.Thesevelocitiesshouldbereducedaccordinglytoaccountforelbowsandotherfittings.Thesupplyandreturnairconditionattap-offstothemainrisershaftswillneedtobecoordinatedinordertocontrolfanand/orairflowvelocitynoisetransmission.Un-ductedairflowvelocitiesunderneaththepressurizedraisedfloorplenumwillrequirefurthercoordinationwithtenantfit-outHVACsystems,ifapplicable.However,un-ductedvelocitiesnearfloorairregistersshouldconformtomeetingtheperformancerequirementsoftheregistersthatare5NCpointsbelowtherequiredratingoftheofficespacebeingserved.管道支管的速度是上面列出各值的75％。通向终端装置的最后管道导管段的空气流通速度是上面各值的50％或以下。若是弯管和其它部件，应该相应地降低上述的速度。于主风管分支的送风及回风管需要考虑风机声音及风声的传递。可能的话，安装于高架地板而没有风管的空调装置需要与租客的内装设计配合。然而，此类空调装置的分流器发出的噪音需要比的噪音设计低5NC点。RefertothefollowingofairsupplyandreturnTypeofDesignOpeningAirflow风口的风速SupplyReturnMechanicalIntake/ExhaustNoise机械进气/Theorientationofmechanicalequipmentthatutilizesfreshairintake/exhaustopeningsatthebuildingexteriorwillrequireconsiderationintermsofminimizingnoiseemissionswhichcouldpotentiallyimpactadjacentareasbytransmittingthroughthecurtainwalland/orpotentiallyexceednoisecodelimitsatthepropertyline.TheapplicablenoisecodeforthisprojectisthePeople’sNationalStandard,GB3096-2008,referredtoastheEnvironmentalNoiseStandardforUrbanAreas.ThenoiselimitsaredefinedasequivalentnoiselevelsLAeqindB,presumablyofhourlyduration.BasedonSM&W’sinterpretationoftheStandard,itisexpectedthatthedaytimeandnighttimelimitsonproperlylinenoiselevelsforthisprojectare60dBAand50dBArespectively;however,confirmationofapplicablenoiseordinanceswiththelocalcodeconsultantshouldbeundertaken.Areviewofmechanicalequipmentselection,orientationwithinmechanicalrooms,andsizingofexteriorlouverswillbeundertakenwiththemechanicalengineerinordertolimitnoiseemissionstoacceptablelevels.Thiswill