商务英语(中级)试题

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成教商务中级)试卷┉ 使用专业年级2013级英语、商英考试方式：开卷（ ）闭卷（√）共8页┉┉┉名 ┉ 题号┉姓 ┉线 得分┉

I II III 合计┉┉ PARTI READINGCOMPREHENSION（240分）┉┉ Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome┉ questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked┉ A), B), C) andD).Youshoulddecideon thebestchoiceandmarkthe号┉ correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.号学┉ PassageOne学┉ Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.封班 ┉ Twenty-five years ago, adoptive parents were provided with little or no封┉ informationabouttheheritageofthechildtheywillraiseastheirown.Many┉ well-intentionedsocialworkersandfacilitatorsatadoptionagenciesfeltthatafresh┉ startwouldbethebestapproachtotheadoptionprocess.Todaypartiallyatthe┉ urgingofadultadoptees,newparentsareoftenprovidedwithagreatdealof┉ informationabouttheiradoptedchild.Also,adultswhowereadoptednowhave┉ theopportunitytosearchforanswerstoquestionsabouttheirbirthparents.Such┉ searchesoftenbeginasaquestforafamilymedicalhistory.Doctorsoftenneedto业 ┉ knowaboutthephysicalproblemsofbloodrelativesoftheirparents.专 ┉ Atthesametimethathealthconnectionsarebeingexamined,reunionsof┉ adopteesandtheirbloodrelativesoftenprovidestrikingevidenceoftheinfluence密 ofheredityonpersonality.Tolearnmoreaboutthisareaofgenetics,Thomas┉ BouchardattheUniversityofMinnesotahasbeenconductingastudysince1979.┉ Hehasexamined100pairsofidenticalandfraternaladulttwinswhowere┉ separatedsoonafterbirthandgrowupindifferentfamilies.┉┉ Identicaltwinsdevelopfromasinglefertilizedeggthathassplit.Theyshare┉┉exactlythesamegenesandmaybedifficulttodifferentiateinappearance.┉系 ┉ Fraternaltwinsaretheproductsoftwoseparatefertilizedeggsandshareabout┉ halfoftheirgenes.Theyareessentiallysiblingswhohappentobebornatthesame┉ time.Thetiming,however,ofteniscritical,becausetheyusuallysharesimilar┉ experiencesinthesameenvironment.┉ InadditiontoBouchard’swork,severalother“twinstudies”arebeingconducted.Thesimilaritiesfoundinidenticaltwinsrearedapartareextraordinary.TheIQscoresofthesetwinsweremoresimilarthanthoseoffraternaltwinswhogrewuptogetr.einticaltwinsalsoperceivedtheirdifferentenvironmentsverysimilarly.Whenaskedaboutparentalpressureto范文范例参考范文范例参考WORD格式整理WORD格式整理achieve academicsuccess,forexample,theidenticaltwinsrespondedsimilarlyabouttheir respective parents. Reunions of these identical twins revealed “coincidences”incareerchoices,maritalhistory,senseofhumor,andsoon.Certainlyhereditycannotaccountforanindividual’stotalpersonality.Achild’searlyenvironmentmayplayanimportantroleinhisorhertemperamentaswell.Whatwedolearnfromgeneticstudies,though,shouldhelpustodealwithanyphysicalandpsychologicaldifficultiesthatmaybeanticipated.Themainideaofthepassageisthat.Identicaltwinsmakeinterestingadoptedchildren.Heredityplaysanimportantpartinourdevelopment.Adoptiveparentsshouldknowthehistoriesoftheirchildren.Adoptedchildrenusuallydonotgetalongwiththeiradoptiveparents.Inthepast,socialworkersfeltthatadoptedchildrenshould .knowtheirbirthparents. B)makeafreshstart.C)trytofitinwiththenewenvironment. D)bematchedwithadoptiveparents.ForhowlonghasThomasBouchardbeenconductinghistwinstudy?Oneyear B)OvertenyearsC)Lessthantenyearsandmorethanoneyear D)Twenty-fiveyearsAccordingtoonestudy,IQscoresare .significantlyaffectedbyenvironment.moresimilarforidenticaltwinsthanforfraternaltwins.influencedbytheadoptiveparents’IQmoreorlessthesamefortwins.Identicaltwinsraisedapartsharesimilar .perceptions B)environments C)characters D)adoptiveparentsPassageTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by abureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcog(齿轮)inthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,Nell-ventilatedfactoriespipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human–relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,┉ capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasor┉ betterthanone’sfellow–competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,the┉ verycausesofunhappinessandillness.┉ AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproduction┉ ortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise“capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsare┉ neversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggest┉ transformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialismin┉ which maximal production and consumptionare ends in themselves into a┉┉ humanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities–┉线 thoseofallloveandofreason –aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Production┉ andconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbeprevented┉ fromrulingman.┉ 6.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”the authorintendstodelivertheidea┉ thatmanis .┉ A)a necessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual’sfunctionis┉ negligible┉ B)workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety┉ C)anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety┉ D)ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly┉ 7.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat .封 A)theyarelikelytolosetheirhobs┉ B)theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife┉┉ C)theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence┉┉ D)theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence┉ 8.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose┉ .┉ A)whoareatthebottomofthesociety┉ B)whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus┉ C)whoprovebetterthantheirfellow–competitors┉ D)whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld密 9.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorputsforwardasuggestionthat┉ weshould .┉ A)resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors┉ B)offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees┉ C)enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities┉ D)takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted┉┉ 10.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof┉┉ .┉ A)approval B)dissatisfaction┉ C)suspicion D)susceptibility┉PassageThreeRemember,jobhuntingisverycompetitive.Anythingyoucandotoenhanceyourinterviewtechniqueswillbetoyouradvantage.Thefollowingsuggestionsmayhelpyoulandthemostimportantjob.Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.Donotmakeslighting(轻蔑的)referencestoformeremployersorprofessors.Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.Showtheinterviewerthatyouareinterestedinthecompanybyaskingrelevantquestions.Askaboutresponsibilities,workingconditions,promotionopportunitiesfringebenefitsofthejobyouareinterviewingfor.If at some point you decide the interview is not going well, do not let yourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.Itmaybereal,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary.Thispolitelypassesthequestionbacktotheinterviewer.Iftheinterviewercontinuestopress,givehimarangeorsuggestthegoingrateforaparticularjob.Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.Togetthejobyouwant,duringtheinterviewyoushould .avoidtheinterviewer’squestionsthataredesignedtotripyouuprememberthatyouarethebestqualifiedcandidatemakeyourselfstandoutastherightpersonforthejobkeepinmindthatitdetermineswhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwantIfyoudidnotgetalongwithyourformeremployer,you .shouldtelltheemployerfranklyshouldnotspeakillofhimshouldrefertohiminacasualmannershouldnevermentionitWhenyoufindtheinterviewisnotgoingwellyoushould .keepupyourconfidencebringittoanendassoonaspossibletellyourinterviewerhowyoureacttoadverseconditionstellyourselfyouhavemuchtogainandnothingtoloseThebesttimetodiscussyoursalaryis .whenyouhavebeenofferedthejobattheendoftheinterviewafteryouhavecompletedthepaperworkwhentheinterviewbringsthismatterupThemostimportantthingtododuringaninterviewis .tomakeyourstrengthsunderstoodPassageFour┉Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.┉ Thereisonedifferencebetweenthesexesonwhichvirtuallyeveryexpertand┉studyagreemenaremoreaggressivethanwomen. Itshowsupin2-year-olds.It┉continuesthroughschooldaysandpersistsintoadulthood.Itisevenconstant┉acrosscultures.Andthereislittledoubtthatitisrootedinbiologyinthemalese┉hormonetestosterone.┉┉ Iftheesafemininetraittasthecounterpartofmale

is┉whatsocialscientistsawkwardlyrefertosnurturance”.Feministshaveargued┉thatthenurturingnatureofwomenisnotbiologicalinorigin,butratherhasbeen线drummedintowomenbyasocietythatwantedtokeeptheminthehome.Butthe┉signsthatitleastpartlyinbornaretoonumeroustoignore.Justastinyinfant┉girlsrespondmorereadilytohumanfaces,femaletoddlerslearnmuchfasterthan┉maleshowtopickupnonverbalcuesfromothers.Andgrownwomenarefarmore┉adeptthanmenatinterpretingfacixpressions.ArecentstudybyUniversityof┉PennsylvaniabrainresearcherRubenGurshowedthattheyeasilyreademotions┉suchasanger,sadnessandfear.Theonlysuchemotionmencouldpickupwas┉disgust.┉ Whatdifferencedosuchdifferencesmakeintherealworld?Among other┉things,womenappeartobesomewhatlesscompetitive---oratleastcompetitive┉indifferentways---thanmen.AttheHarvardLawSchool,forinstance,female封┉studentsenterwithcredentialsjustasoutstandingas┉thoseoftheirmalepeers.Butthon’tqualifyfortheprestigiousLawReviewin┉proportionatenumbers,afactsome schooltowomen’s┉discomfortintheincrediblycompetitiveatmosphere.┉ Studentsofmanagement styleshavefoundfewerdifferencesthanthey┉expected between menandwomen whoreachleadership┉because many successfulwomen deliberatelyimitatemasculineways.Butan┉analysisbyPurduesocialpsychologistAliceEaglyof166studiesofleadershipstyle┉didfindoneconsistentdifference.Mentendtobemore“autocratic”---making┉decisionsontheirown---whilewomentendtoconsultcolleaguesandsubordinates密moreoften.Studiesofbehaviorinsmallgroupsturnupevenmoredifferences.Men┉willtypicallydominate thediscussion,saysUniversityofTorontopsychologist┉KennethDion,spendingmoretimetalkingandlesstimelistening.┉16.Thepassagemainlydiscusses .┉┉ A)howsexdifferencesaredemonstratedinsocialrelations┉ B)howhormonedeterminessexdifferences┉ C)whytherearedifferencesbetweenmalesandfemales┉ D)whymenandwomenhavedifferentsocialroles┉17.Whichofthefollowingistrueofwomen’snurturingnatureaccordingtothe┉passage?┉ A)Itisnotinborninanysense.Itisinspiredbywoesfamilies.womenareasexcellentasmenwhentheyareyoungacademiccredentialsaredisproportionatetoperformanceWhichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtoparagraph4?Menleadersshouldconsultcolleaguesandsubordinatesmoreoften.Femaleleaders’successisduetotheirimitatingmaleleaders.Menandwomenaredifferentintheirleadershipstyle.Decisivenessisanimportantqualityforasuccessfulpolitician.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthewriter .deniesthedifferencesexesmakeinreallifeisprejudicedagainstmendiscourageswomentobecompetitivetreatssexdifferenceobjectivelyPARTIICLOZE （115）Aschoolboy’slifeisinpreparationfortherealbattleoflife.Itisalso 21 differencesandinterests.Oneofthe 22 importantpartsofaschoolboy’slifeistoget23 knowledgeandgoodmind-trainingashecan.His24 businessinschoolistolearn.hastoreadthebookheistaughtintheclasses. Hehastodothehomeworksettohim.25 partthat form aschoolboy’slifeistheschooldiscipline.Atschooltherearestrictrules.Thisstrictdisciplineisvery 26 forhimwhenhe 27 thesocietyto 28 aliving.teacheshimsomeverynecessaryvirtuesontheroadtoa 29 life.Schoolisplaceforaschoolboytolearnwhatthesociallifeis 30. 31 inclassroomandtheplayground,hehastocatchupwithhisfellowsandnotmembersofhisfamily.Hecannotbehave 32 hedoesinhishome.Heisnolongeraspoiledchild,andhisschoolfellowswillnotgive 33 tohiswishes.Hesoongetshiscornersrobbedoffandlearnsthelessonofgive-and-take,goodmanners,andthoughtfor 34.Thisis 35 thewaywhenhehas