2022高三英语一模-静安区解析

2022静安区高三一模英语试卷（120140）ListeningComprehensionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Thecampuswillbecleanedforthefestival. B.Thefestivalistobedefinitelyheld.C.It’sdifficulttodecidethethemeofthefestival. D.It’sagainsttheprincipal’swilltoholdthefestival.A.Trytofindashowthatdoesn’tacceptreservations.Waittobuytheticketwhensomeonecancelsthereservations.Gowithpeoplewhohaveextratickets.Paymoremoneytobuytheticketfromsomeoneelse.A.Totheairport. B.Toapaintingshop. C.Tothegarage. D.Tothehospital.A.Themanisafraidthatthecoatcolorisnotcoolenough.Themanhasn’treceivedthecoatheboughttheotherday.Themanhaswornthecoatduringthepreviousseason.It’snotsuitabletowearthecoatinthewarmweather.A.SortthenotesoutforMr.Anderson. thenotebookfromMr.Anderson.D.Notedownkeypointsonthetextbook.A.Sheisnotlikelytousetherunningmachineoften.Theexercisebikeismoreusefulthanrunningmachine.Hersecondchoiceisanexercisebike.There’snotenoughspacefortherunningmachine.B.Ashopassistant. C.Alibrarian Atourguide.A.Davidisthestrongestinhisclass. B.ThecurrentclassisnotsuitableforDavid.C.Someoldsayingsmislead. D.Davidwillfinallycatchupinphysics.A.Thewomanshouldn’tbuyaprivatecomputer.Thewomanshouldgetagooddealforthenewcomputer.Thelibrarycomputerisrarelyused.Themanwilllendhiscomputertothewoman.A.Shehasbecomeaprofessionalchef.Herparentsdidn’tagreewithheronbecomingachef.Shedoesn’thaveinterestinbecomingachefnow.Shethrewthingsaroundwhenlearningcooking.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassageandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassageandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Itcanonlybewashedinthedishwasher. B.Ithassomesmellofcoffee.C.Itismadeofamixtureofcoffeegroundsandsugar. D.Itisfirstusedtocontainfertilizer.A.Howtopreventsugarfromdissolving.Howtohavethecoffeegroundsrecycledfully.Howtocollectlargequantitiesofcoffeegrounds.Howtousecoffeegroundstoproducethesolidfoundation.A.Itissuccessfulbecauseofadvertisements.Itiswell-receivedbythepublic.Itisoversuppliedonthemarket.It’smorepopularamongindividualsthancafes.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Thecityisnotcommerciallybusy. B.Therearetoomanytemporaryresidents.C.Fewservicesareofferedduringoffseasons. D.Thewinteristoocoldforthem.A.Spendaweekinthedestination. B.Finda“snowbird”destination.C.Remaininthecitywherehecurrentlylives. D.Researchthedestinationforroughlyafullyear.A.Safetyofthedestination. B.Taxsystemofthedestination.C.Healthcaresystemofthedestination. D.Thesupporttogetasoneages.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Toseehowfastthetesttakercanscanthebook.Toseehowwellthetesttakerfindsandprocessestheinformation.Toseehowwellthetesttakercanhandlepressure.Toseewhetherthetesttakercanfindaparticularstatementtosummarizeatopic.A.Tofindtheconnectionbetweendifferentinformation.Toevaluatetheimportanceoftheopenbooktest.Toadequatelymanagetesttime.Toreadthewholechapterforonequestion.A.Torecitesomekeyinformation. B.Todesigneasyremovabletags.C.Tocomparedifferentideas. D.Togetthepermissiontomakemarks.A.People’sattitudetowardgeographytests.Thefeaturesandpreparationsofopenbooktests.Thedifferencesbetweenopenbookandclosedbooktests.Themeasurestohandlepressurefromtests.GrammarandVocabularyDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Rereadingisaguiltypleasureformanyreaders.Howcanakeenreaderabandonhisto-be-readlistandwastetimewithabookhealreadyknows?Atthesametime,accordingtomanyexperts,theactofrereading(21) withoutdoubt,astheonlywaytotrulyunderstandatext.Academicsmostoftendiscussthebenefitofrereadingasawaytogaindeepunderstandingsofcomplextextsandoftheself.Teachersofearlyreading-agechildrenagreethatrereadingimprovesunderstandingbeyondbasicwords.Foradults,rereadingisnecessarytounderstandingatextwellsothatgoodcriticalarguments(22) bemade.Rereadinghelpstobuildabetterunderstandingofabook.(23) rereading,manyreadersfinditimpossibletoappreciateawriter’ssubtletalentsortocomprehendatext’sinnerideasandthemes.Rereadingisalsoanactofself-reflection.Thepracticeofpurposefulrereadingin(24) createsakindofSincethebookneverchanges,itfunctionsasaconstant（恒量）(25) thereader’sgrowth.Itisawaytore-examinethereaderhimselfandthechangeshe(26) (undergo)sincetheinitialreading.Ofcourse,therearepossibledrawbackstorereadingaswell.Rereadingtakestime,(27) (draw)thereadersAndit’shardtoimagine(28) frustratingitcanbeifabelovedbookfallsshortofyourrosymemoriesinrereading.AccordingtoDavidGalef,emotionslikepleasure,excitement,andcuriositycausethereadertorushthroughastoryandpassovertheinnercomplexity(29) (appreciate)inre-readings,andyettheyarealsoimportantelementsthatmaybedulledbythoserepeatedreadings.Furthermore,(30) yourrereadingisfocusedandintentionalaboutgainingnewthoughts,itmaynotresultinimprovedunderstanding.21.21.谓语动词被动语态，theactofrereadingregard形成被动关系，根据上下isregarded。22.考查情态动词，sothat引导的状从中出现动词原形be，所以判断该空为情态动词，根据句意判断从句的意思为“好的批评性的观点能够被提出”can。23.考查介词，空后为动名词rereading且与句子隔开，判断该空为介词；空前的句意为“重读能帮助更好的理解一本书”，空后的语意为“许多读者不可能欣赏作者的才华 ”推断这没有重读的话without。24.考查反身代词，in后面空需要填代词作宾语purposefulrereading,itself。25.考查定从连词，空前句子成分已完整，所以空到句尾是定从修饰constant，从句缺主语，所that/which。26.考查谓语动词，he 26 （undergo）sincetheinitialreading.是定从修饰thechanges，该空是从句中的谓语，跟主语he形成主动关系，因为时间状语sincetheinitialreading，表达“自hasundergone27.考查非谓语-现在分词，空前句子基础成分完整，所以该空是非谓语，后有动作对象且作结果状语drawing。28.考查连词，空到最后是imagine后的宾语从句，从句本来的语序应为itcanbefrustrating. 但frustrating提前了how，表达“多么令人沮丧”。29.考查非谓语过去分词，该空到最后作后置定语修饰前面的名词innercomplexityappreciate构成被动关系，所以用appreciated，表示“在重读中能够被领略到的内在复杂性”。30.考查连词，从句放句首且主从句成分完整，判断为状从的连词，句意要表达的是“除非重unless。词语积累self-reflectionn.反省self-consciousnessn.自我意识fallshortof达不到，缺乏passover越过，忽略，回避dullvt.减轻，使麻木，变模糊SectionBA.confusedB.adaptableC.floatingD.decayingE.attemptsF.imitatedG.attachedH.signsI.samplesJ.relativelyK.steadyDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.A.confusedB.adaptableC.floatingD.decayingE.attemptsF.imitatedG.attachedH.signsI.samplesJ.relativelyK.steadytofindmarineanimalsundertheAntarcticaseafloorresearchershadalwaysassumedthattherewouldbefew31oflifefartherawayfromopenwaterandsunlight.However,thediscoveryoffilter-feeding（滤食的）organisms—160milesawayfromtheopenocean,withtemperaturesof-2.2℃andundercompletedarkness—suggeststhatlifeintheworld’sharshestenvironmentmaybemore32thanpreviouslythought.conductedathree-monthexpeditiontothemiddleofAntarctica’sFilchner-RonneIceShelf,tocollect33oftheseafloordeposits.Theteamdrilledthroughthehalf-mileoficebyalmost20,000litersofhotwaterthroughapipe.Afterabout20hoursofpainstakingwork,theywerefinallyabletoreachtheseabedunderneath.However,whenthescientistsloweredtheinstrument,alongwithacamera,tocollectthesoil,itcameupempty.Aftermultiplefailed34—eachroundtriptakingaboutanhour—theresearcherstookacloserlookatthefootageandnoticedamassivestonesittingamidthe35flatseabed.Evenmoresurprisingly,therockwascoveredwithstationaryanimals,likesponges（海绵）andpotentiallyunknownspecies.Thefndnghas6anyensgvenhatceanogan,uchasonesandcoalpops（，whichlivetheirentirelives37torocks,orotherhardsurfaces,needfoodsupplies.Intheopenwater,the“marinesnow,”asthefoodiscalled,comesfrom38organicmatter,whichdriftsdownfromtheupperwaterstothedeepocean.However,thespeciesinsuchdeptharetoofarfromtheopenseatoreceive39suppliesofnutrients.Tomakemattersworse,duetothearea’sstrongoceancurrents,thefoodhastotravelanywherefrom370to930milestogettothem.“Thisisbyfarthefurthestunderaniceshelfthatwe’veseenanyofthesefilter-feedinganimals,”saidSmith.“Thesethingsarestuckonarockandonlygetfedifsomethingcomes40along.”31.H.31.H.signs迹象征兆根据句子意思，研究人员推测遥远深海没有什么生命迹象therewouldbefew(31) _oflife，所以答案为Hsigns32.Badaptable能适应的，适应性强的根据句子意思，filter-feeding（滤食的）organism证明了极端环境下的一些生命体比之前想象的适应性更强lifeintheworld’sharshestenvironmentmaybemore(32)_thanpreviouslythought.Badaptable33.Isamples样品；采样根据句子意思，JamesSmithandhiscolleagues进行三个月的研究，带回了海底沉淀物的样品tocollect(33) deposits，所以答案为Isamples34.Eattempts尝试根据句子意思，经过多次失败的尝试Aftermultiplefailed(34) Eattempts35.Jrelatively相对地根据句子成分noticedamassivestonesittingamidthe(35) flatseabed可知，本空不缺少基础成分，判断为adv.所以答案为Jrelatively36.Aconfused使糊涂，使迷惑根据句子成分Thefindinghas(36) manyscientists，该空是谓语动词，且为hasdone,再根据句子意思研究使很多科学家感Aconfused37.G.attached依附于...根据句子whichlivetheirentirelives(37) 以得出珊瑚虫和海绵整个一生都依附于岩石上...所以答案为G.attached38.Ddecaying腐烂的根据句子成分...themarinesnow,...,comesfrom(38) matter,可以得出adj+n.,句子意思为来自于一些腐烂的有机物质，Ddecaying39.Ksteady稳定的，持续的根据句子成分thespeciesinsuchdeptharetoofarfromtheopenseatoreceive(39) suppliesofnutrients..可以得出adj+n.,句子意思为在这么深的海洋生物离海洋表面太远而不能得到一些稳定Ksteady40.Cfloting（空气中）漂浮的根据句子意思，这些生物体被卡在岩石上，只有在有东西漂浮过来的时候才会得到食物Thesethingsarestuckonarockandonlygetfedifsomethingcomes(40) along，所以答案为Cfloating词语积累conductathree-monthexpedition进行三个月考察seafloordeposits海底沉积物painstaking刻苦的，下功夫的stationary静止的driftdown漂降ReadingComprehensionAeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Mostofushavenodifficultyrecognizingluckwhenit’sonapparentdisplay,aswhensomeonewinsthelottery.But41oftenplaysoutindelicatewaysandit’seasytoconstructnarrativesthatportraysuccessasoutofeverythingbutluck.Thesemisleadingstorieshavesurprisingimplicationsforhumanmindset,downplayingthepowerofchances.ConsiderthehistoryoftheMonaLisa.Afterhavingstayedinthe42formostofitsearlyexistence,thepaintingwaspushedintothespotlightin1911whenitwasstolenfromLouvre.Thefamoustheftremained43fortwoyearsuntilamaintenanceworkerwasarrestedaftertryingtosellthepainting.Hisarrestcausedasecondwaveof44,withthepaintingoneveryone’slips.Asintheartworld,itissotoointheworldofwork.Almosteverycareerpathconsistsofasequenceofsteps,eachofwhichdependsonformerones.Inevitably,someofthose45stepscanbeinfluencedbychancefactors,which,asaresult,aresuretoaffectthefollowingprocess.Soitisreasonabletoconcludethat46allsuccessfulcareersinvolveatleastacertaindegreeofluck.One’sdateofbirth47,forexample.Accordingtoastudy,mostchildrenborninthesummertendtobeamongtheyoungestmembersoftheirclass,whichexplainswhytheyarelesslikelytohold48positionsduringhighschoolandthus,lesslikelytolandgoodjobslaterinlife.Toacknowledgethepowerofchanceeventsisnottosuggestthatsuccessisindependentof49.CharlieMungerhassaid,“Thesafestwaytogetwhatyouwantisto50whatyouwant.”Ofcourse,luckcountstoo.Beingborninagoodeducationsystemisakindofluckwecancontrol—thatis,atleastwecandecidehowluckyourchildrenwillbe.ButinAmerica,we’vebeendoingabadjobasthebudgetforeducationhashascausedthistroublingstatebyunwillingnesstoinvestineducation,thestrongsystemofwhichcanproduce53forthenextgeneration.peopleto54theirgoodfortunetendstomakethemmorewillingtocontributetothe55,accordingtoastudy.Sotrytoengageyoursuccessfulfriendsinreviewsabouttheirexperienceswithluck.Intheprocess,thenextgeneration’soddsofsuccessmaywellincreaseandmeanwhile,allthesocialmembersaremorelikelytoenjoytheimprovedpublicservice.41.A.randomnessB.potentialC.masterpieceD.success42.A.emergencyB.maintenanceC.reviewD.shade43.A.accidentalB.unsolvedC.officialD.objective44.A.protestB.suspicionC.publicityD.investigation45.A.previousB.negativeC.realisticD.entire46.A.virtuallyB.sustainablyC.adequatelyD.negatively47.A.occursB.contractsC.mattersD.approaches48.A.accessibleB.originalC.superiorD.secure49.A.effortB.logicC.relationshipD.investment50.A.deserveB.evaluateC.modifyD.exploit51.A.shoneB.shrunkC.balloonedD.flown52.A.preserveB.popularizeC.underestimateD.revolutionize53.A.challengeB.luckC.motivationD.experience54.A.reflectonB.saveonC.adjusttoD.liveon55.A.mutualunderstanding★★★☆☆B.mentalfitnessC.familyvalueD.commongood41A.第一句的内容是中彩票有关，而中彩票为偶然事件，接着谈论了机遇的力量。故选择A。42D.1911被偷之后引起世人关注，而在这之前一直处于寂寂无名shade。43B.根据句意，此案件直到出售这幅画的维修工人被逮捕才破案，此前这件著名的盗窃案一直未破unsolved44C.oneveryone’slips表示获得了大众的关注，44publicity名气。45A.在一系列行动过程中，每一个都取决于前一个，这里指上一个步骤previous。46A.句意为“因此几乎virtually几乎。47C.因为后文说到出生年月对孩子日后发展的影响，所以出生日期是重要的，因此选matters表重要。48C.孩子在班里如果是最小的，就不太可能担任某种职位，因此日后也更难找到好工作，48空形容职位superior高级的。49A.句意为“承认运气并不意味着成功与努力无关”，运气与努力相对effort。50A.“得到想要的东西的最好方式就是变得值得拥有它”，这句话说明要幸运先要努力值得获得好运，deserve表示值得拥有。51B.后文提到不愿为教育投资，因此这里说给教育的预算应该是变少了，shrink表示“缩水，减少”。52C.教育是可控的好运来源，而人们不愿投资，因此是underestimate了运气的作用。53B.段首提到教育和好运有关luck的复现。54A.本段讲解决方法，提到朋友的review评论，因此人们应该对他们的好运做出反思，因此reflecton表示反思。55D.nextgeneration’soddsofsuccess，是他人的利益，这样可以促使大家享受更好的commongood大众的利益。词语积累oddsofsuccess成功的概率stayinshade岌岌无名oneveryone’slips获得大众关注landgoodjobs找到好工作SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Alineofmentuggedonropesanddroppedfromtheshipintothesea,withagroupofSaibspreparedtopullthemlaterfromtheseabottom.Nasser,oneofthedrivers,climbedovertherailingoftheshipandhisSaibemptiedhisbasketfullofshellsontothedeck.“Getmesomethingtofillmystomachwith,boy.”Iknewhewasteasingasheismyfather’sgoodfriend.“ButI’mnolongeranerrandboy.I’madiver,likemyfatherwas.”“Yourfatherwasbaldanddeaf,liketherestofus,”Nasserlaughed.finestpearlsintheworldwhilethesaltywateralsomadediverslosetheirhair.Letalonethehighpressurewhichcostthemtheirhearing.Ihadshavedmyhead,inwhichwayIfeltmorelikearealdiver.Ofcourse,there’snoneedformetoworryaboutthehairproblem.“I’vedivedtheshallowseasbefore,andIcanholdmybreathforawholeminute.”“Justpullyourropebeforeyoufeelbreathless.”Hethendisappearedintothewateragain.Itiedaheavystonetomyfootwitharope.Takingonemoredeepbreath,Ipluggedmynoseandjumped.Withthestonenayhngheabedwhahu,Ieedyotomheope.Iachedatheockydg（whnheeoysesdroppedintomyhands.Ievendidn’thaveenoughtimetofeelsurprisedathoweasythejobwasbeforeIfeltbreathless.Outofhorror,Idraggedtherope.Knowingthat,farabove,theSaib’sstrongarmsstrainedtopullmetowardthesurface,Iremindedmyselftoendureforalittlemoretime.JustwhenIthoughtmylungswouldburst,myearspoppedandtherewaslight.Nasserburstthroughthewater.Heremovedhisnoseplugandgrinnedatmelookingatthethreepitifulshellsonthedeck.“Notbadforanerrandboy.”Seeingmeupsetwithmyheaddown,hepattedme.“It’syourfirstforsuchadepth.Youdidbetterthanallofus.”Cheeringup,Iwrappedtheemptybasketaroundmyneckandraisedmychin,“I’mapearldiver.”AccordingtoNasser,whatdidanerrandboyusuallydo?Pulldiversfromthesea. B.Emptybasketsfordivers.C.Servesnacksfordivers. D.Diveforshells.Whydidtheauthorhavehishaircut?Becausehetriedtoavoidlosinghair. B.Becausealldivershadshavedhair.C.Becausehighpressuremadehimbald. D.Becausehewantedtolookprofessional.Whydidtheauthorgetlittleharvest?Becausetherewerenotmanypearlsinthearea.Becausehestilllackedexperienceinthejob.BecausetheSaibpulledhimuptooearlywithoutpermission.Becausetherockyridgewastoorough.(B)ThesesummerfestivalsinNewOrleansarefewofthehottesthappeningstheCityhastoofferforholidayseekers.OysterFestivalThere’sanoldsayingthatit’sonlysafetoeatoystersinmonthsendingin‘R’，whichwasgoodadviceintheagebeforeAndthat’sexactlywhyoriginallytheNewOrleansOysterFestivalwasheldinJune,tobreakupthemythaslocalsneverbotheredtopreservethecreatureswiththeirhabitofdirectlyeatingtheseafood,freshfromthesea.Today,featuringoystersharvestedfromtheGulfofMexico,OysterFestisacelebrationoftheworld’sfavoritefood.Ifyou’veeverwantedtoenjoythelegendaryoystersatDrago’swheretherecipeoriginatedortakeabiteoutofanoysterthesizeofahamburger,OysterFestisforyou.WhentoGo:June3-4EssenceFestivalAfrican-Americanlifeandhistory,soitshouldbenosurprisethecityhostsafestivalStates.Withfreeadmission,EssenceFestival,organizedbytheAfrican-Americanwomen’smagazineofthesamename,isacombinationoffourdaysofdynamicspeechesandashowcaseartists.WhentoGo:June29-July2Cajun-ZydecoFestivalSouthernLouisianaishometoavarietyofrich,uniquecultures,andonaweekendinJuneinNewOrleans,oneofisinsouth-centralLouisiana,astrongshowcaseofCajunculture,forwhichtheCajun-ZydecoFestivalemerged.Ontheparticularweekend,yougetreadytochewdownontraditionalfoodlikeCajungumboateateries,buyCajuncrafts,andpurchaseaCajunT-shirt.WhentoGo:June24-25RunningoftheBullsDuetoitshistory,theSpanishinfluencestillshowsitselfinNewOrleans.ThearchitecturalstyleoftheFrenchQuarterisactuallyfromSpain,andNewOrleans’sannualRunningoftheBullsis,inpart,anodtothecity’sSpanishheritage.UnliketheSpanishfestivalinPamplona,the“bulls”intheFestarenotactualbullsbutthewomenoftheBigRollerderbyteam.Howevertheydochasedownwhite-and=red-clothedfestival-goers,ifinfuriated.Thereforebehaveyourselforbepreparedtorunforlife.WhentoGo:July7-9WhywasNewOrleansOysterFestivalheldinJuneinthefirstplace?Becauserefrigeratorcouldbeusedtostoreoysters.Becauseitwasnoteasyforoysterstogobadinsummer.Becauseoysterscouldbecookedinvariouswaystoextendstorageperiod.BecauseNewOrleansoysterswereusuallyservedraw.Theunderlinedword“infuriated”isclosestinmeaningto .exhibited B.color-blinded C.angered D.cheatedWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?OysterFestivalnowadaysisdesignedforpeopleseekingthehistoryofoysterharvest.FestivalcelebratesthefreedomofAfrican-Americanwomen.Cajun-ZydecoFestivalismainlycelebratedthroughdiningandshopping.NewOrleanshasbeenstrippedofSpanishinfluence.Inwhichmagazinedocsthepassagemostprobablyappear?VacationGuide. B.GenuineRecipe. D.MusicBillboard.(C)world’sdatawerecreatedinthelastfewyears.Thebiggestsetbackwithsucharateofinformationincreaseisthatthepresentmomentwillalwaysemergefarlargerthanthepast.Short-sightednessisbuiltintothestructure,intheformofanoverwhelmingtendencytoover-estimatenear-termmessagesattheexpenseofhistory.Tounderstandwhythismatters,considerthefindingsfromsocialscienceabout‘recencybias（）whichdescribesthetendencytoassumethatfutureeventswillcloselyresemblerecentexperience.Peopletendtobasethinkingdisproportionatelyonwhatevercomesmosteasilytomind.worthrememberingthatnoveltytendstobeadominantconsiderationwhendecidingwhatdatatokeepordelete.OutwiththeoldandinwiththenewThat’sthedigitaltrendinaworldwheresearchalgorithms（算法）aresystematicallybiasedtowardsfreshness.Theyaredesignedinlinewithhumanpreference.Suchabiastowardsthepresentisstructurallyrootedinthehumanweaknessthatwekeepdesertingthingsweoncecherishedsimplybecausewegrowtiredofthem.What’sreallyneededissomethingthoughtofas“intelligentforgetting”:learningtoletgooftheimmediatepastinordertokeepitslargercontinuitiesinview.It’sanactsimilartoorganisingaphotographalbum—althoughwithmoremaths.Whenaretwomillionphotographslessvaluablethantwothousand?Manydatasetsareirreducibleandmostpreciouswhencomplete:genesequences;demographic（人口的）data;theraw,hardknowledgeofgeographyandphysics.Thesofterthescience,however,themorethatscaleislikelytobereverselyconnectedwithquality.Inthesecases,timeitselfisratherimportantasatouchstonetojudgethevalueofdata.Eitherwechoosecarefullywhatendures,mattersandmeaningfullycapturesourpast—oritsfootprintissilentlyreplacedbythepresent’sgrowingnoise.Meregatheringisnocure-allanswer.Inaneraofbiggerandbiggerdata,theleadingwarningforthosewhohavetomakedecisionsisthatwhatyouchoosenottoknowmattersjustasmuchaswhatyoudo.Whatisthemajorproblemwiththeexplosionofrecentinformation?aretooquicklyproduced.Peoplehavepooreyesightafterviewingtoomuchinformation.Presentinformationisgiventoomuchemphasis.Predictionforfuturedevelopmentlargelydependsonthepastinformation.Whatcauseswidespreadpreferencefornewness?Thatalgorithmsrequiresthelatesttomakeaccurateprediction.Thathumansareaccustomedtolosinginterestinoldthings.Thatshortrenewedperiodisthefeatureofmoderndata.Thatsearchalgorithmskeepuncoveringthevalueofthenewness.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Recentpastexperienceisrarelyusedtoprovidereferenceforfutureevents.Thequalityofgeographicknowledgedependsonphotosortingratherthanfulldata.Intelligentforgettingreferstoreplacingtheimmediatepastwithfar-backdata.Timehelpsustoevaluatedatawhenthequalityisn’tinlinewithquality.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Thesideeffectofdigitalinnovation.Thevaluesofcompletedatainsoftersubjects.Thedatadiscriminationcausedbyalgorithms.Thefaultypreferenceforfreshdataandwaysout.63.考查对现象的描述63.考查对现象的描述(majorproblem)tounderstandwhy（起因），推测线索在第一段。第二句中的biggestsetback说明that后的从句讲的便是现象：现在更受关注(presentmomentwillalwaysemergelargerthanthepast)；若本句不好理解，第三句中的高估近期的消息(overestimatenear-termmessages)也说明现在更受关注。C。64.考查对起因的理解(causes)。看到第三段的alsoworthmentioning（与第二段并列），以及第四段的what’sreallyneeded（解决方法），推测线索在第二和第三段。这两段里有个复现的概念就是recencybias（对近期事物的倾向），第二段第一次提及这个概念，第三段最后一句isrootedinthathumanweakness的同位语从句中的内容，即喜新厌旧(desertthingsoncecherishedbecauseofgrowingtiredofthem)。故B。65.考查对作用的推断(TRUE)。因为66题问的是主旨，所以推测本题线索在第四和第五段。会发现BCD三个选项都涵盖在这两段中，A选项其实在第二段，从段落结构上已经偏离了，其次原文是closely，与A选项中的rarely正好相反，B选项是把两个无关信息拼凑起来，dependson的逻辑表达不成立，Creplaceletgoof，再补充原文没提到的far-backdata，D选项是最后一段中提到的softscience（文科）和data（数据）的reverseconnection（越是文的学科，越不靠数据的量来说话，因为文章的数量并不能说明文章的质量，这也是为何很多文史哲学的经典都是有年代的，或者说是需要经过时间检验的）。D。66.考查对主旨的概括(mainlyabout)。本文前三段解读了追求freshdata这个现象是有问题的，后data是值得关注的。D。词语积累anoverwhelmingtendencytodo特别想做某事的倾向attheexpenseof以...为代价It’salsoworthmentioningthat也值得一提的是inlinewithsth.与...一致letgoof放弃；摒弃cure-alln.万灵药；灵丹妙药SectionCAndonecouldcomeupwithanynumberoftheoriesforwhythecurrentteamakinganddrinkinghabitsareinevitable.Thoughtregardedasaformofsimpleact,teamakingcanvarybetweencultures.Theteais,aboveall,Andonecouldcomeupwithanynumberoftheoriesforwhythecurrentteamakinganddrinkinghabitsareinevitable.Thoughtregardedasaformofsimpleact,teamakingcanvarybetweencultures.Theteais,aboveall,creditedwiththeabilitytorepresentdifferentindividualpersonalities.Foodchoicesaredrivenbyone’senvironment-thecontext.Teamakingistheperfectreplacementactivity.Evenonespoonfulisabitsuspiciousunlessotherdetailsclearlyshowotherwise.TeahasbecomerootedintheBritishwayoflife,fromthehumbleteabreaktotheafternoonteatobeenjoyed—inajacketandtie,ofcourse. 67 Boilingwatertomaketea,forinstance,makesitlesslikelytogiveyouastomachbug.Butwhatarethesecretsorevencruelrealitiesbehindthetasteofthisbelovedbeverage?AnthropologistKateFoxwritesinherbookWatchingtheEnglishthatthereareseveralclearmessagessentwheneveraBritmakesacup.Sheobservesthatthestrongestbrewsofblacktea—withthelargestdosesofflavourfactors–aretypicallydrunkbytheworkingclass.Theflavorgetsprogressivelyweakerasonegoesupthesocialladder.Milkandsweetenerhavetheirowncodes.Accordingtoher,takingsugarinyourteainBritainisregularlybymanyasadefinitelower-classindicator. 68 Otherimplicationsinvolvewhenandhowmilkisadded,ifany.MakingapointofsmokyLapsangSouchong（正山小种红茶）withnosugarofmilkcanbeasignofclassanxietyinthemiddleclass,Foxsuggests.It’sasfaraspossibleasonecangetfromsweet,strong,milkycupsofno-nonsense‘builder’stea’.Afoodscientistpointedoutsomethingthatseemstoapplyhere.“ 69 ”Youlikewhatyoulikenotnecessarilybecauseofthetasteofit,thoughtobviouslyonecandevelopatasteforalmostanything.Afoodordrink’srealimportanceinyourlifemaybebecauseofeverythingthatsurroundsit—thecultureofit.Foxalsoobservesthat,alongsideitschemicalproperties,teaisasocialspace-filler.Manymeaninglessmomentscanbeoccupiedbyteaanditsrelatedevents.70WhenevertheEnglishfeelawkwardoruncomfortableinasocialsituation,theycooktea.难度等级★★★☆☆67考察段中句。本段第一句表达“茶已经深深扎根于英国人的生活方式中，从简陋的茶歇到下午茶，当然，人们要穿夹克打领带”，后面一句“例如，用沸水泡茶可以减少胃病”此A。68考察段中句。本段在说在英国，牛奶和糖可以区分人的社会地位，很多人经常将茶中的加糖作为一个明确的下层指标，所以，此处应该茶里面的添加物和地位相关内容，F选项F。69考察段中句。本段后文表明“你喜欢的不一定是因为它的味道，一种食物或饮料在你生活中的真正重要性可能是因为它周围的一切——它的文化”，所以此处应该是表明人对食物或饮料的喜欢和环境有关D。70考察段中句。这段开头“茶还是一种社交空间填充物。许多无意义的时刻可以被茶及其相关事件占据”。所以这一段在讲茶和社交的关系。选项E“泡茶是完美的替代活动”符E。词语积累socialladder社会阶梯indicatorn.标志，迹象inevitableadj.不可避免的implicationsn.暗指，暗示surroundv围绕，环绕fillern.装填物SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpointsofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Youstillneedabetterreasontoplantatree?Policearen’tcheapandneitherarelawyers,judges,andalltheotherlayersthatmakeupthejusticesystem.Buttreesandsomegrass,incomparison,arearealbargain,andtheyprovetobeeffectiveinfightingcrimes.launchprogramstoplantvegetationalongroadwaystohelpabsorbrainwater.Aftertracking14typesofcrimeinnearbyareas,MichelleKondo,asocialscientistfoundthatavarietyofcrimesincludingpropertycrimessuchastheftandburglary,andviolentcrimessuchasarmedfightsandmayheminthoseareasdecreasedto27percent,astunning18percentfall.Kondobelievedtheappearanceofcitytrucksandvansinthelandscapedareas—forplantingandmaintenance—wasenoughtoscareawaypotentialcriminals.Kondo’sstudyalsoworkedonthelinkbetweengrasslandcareanddecreaseofthecrimeindowntownareas.It’stemptingtouseincomeastheconnection.Afterall,ifyouhavethecrimeandmoneytowateryourlawn,youprobablyliveinaneighborhoodthatseeslesscrime.Butactually,peoplearelesslikelytoha