BEC剑桥商务英语中级阅读全真试题

PAGEPAGE6PARTONEQuestions1-7

READINGQUESTIONS1-45Lookatthesentencesbelowandthejobadvertisementsontheoppositepage.Whichjobdoeseachsentence1-7referto?Foreachsentence,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheet.willneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.Example:Example:0Thispostinvolvessomesecretarialduties.0ABCDwillberesponsiblefortheoperationofacomputersystem.mustbeabletoforecastwhatpeoplewillwanttowear.willbeabletoworkwithpeoplefrommanydifferentcountriesandbackgrounds.willhaveaqualificationwhichcoverstwosubjectareas.Itisnecessarytohaveworkedinthissectorbefore.willneedtokeepincontactwiththeheadquartersoftheorganization.Theadvertisementemphasisestheneedtohaveasuitableapproachtoimportantpeople.BUSINESSMANAGERBUSINESSMANAGERwillberesponsibleforourglobalbusinesswithinspecificcountriesandwillhaveagoodunderstandingofinternationaldistribution,possiblybasedonpreviousexperience,plustheabilitytoworkinmarketsthatarehighlyvariedintheirculture.Youwillbefluentinasecondlanguage,bewillingtotravelextensively,andpreferablyhaveadegree.BDEPARTMENTSTOREBUYERDEPARTMENTSTOREBUYERBasedatourheadofficeinLondon,youwillselectandorderstockfromoursuppliersinItaly.willneedtopredictfashiontrendsandbuildastrongrelationshipwithourItalianoffice.Youwillhavegainedyourbuying experienceinwomen’sfashionandwillholdadegreeindesignwithabusinessstudiescomponent.CLEGALSERVICESADMINISTRATORLEGALSERVICESADMINISTRATORAsheadofthelegaloffice,yourworkwillincludemanagingtheofficeITnetwork,typingreports,diarymaintenanceandsupervisionofanotherstaffmember.Youwillneedgoodorganizationalskillsinordertokeepaheadofavariedworkload.Youwillbedealingwithseniorexecutivesandgovernmentofficials,soamatureandefficientmannerisessential.REGIONALLEISURESITESMANAGERREGIONALLEISURESITESMANAGERwillberesponsibleforbudgetary planning,contractnegotiations,localmarketingeffectiveadministration.willcommunicatefrequentlywithourmainofficeusingthelatesttechnology.experiencecouldbefromanybusinesssectorbutyoushouldenjoyoutdoorlifeandwillideallypossessanestatemanagementqualification.PARTTWOQuestions8-12·Readtheextractbelowfromanarticleaboutthecoffeeindustry.·Choosethebestsentencefromthelistontheoppositepagetofilleachofthegaps.·Foreachgap8-12,markoneletter(A-I)onyourAnswerSheet.·Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.Coffeeisworthapproximately$50-60bnperannumintermsofworldsales.Itisatrulyinternationalcommodity,andtodaymorethan50countriesintheworldgrowcoffeebeans.(example) I .ICOorganizationhelpscoffeeproducersandpromotescoffeeconumptionworldwide.ICOestimatesthatworldproductionnextyearwillreach97.5millionbags.11.3millionbagshigherthanthecurrentyear.(8) .AsthelargestproducingBrazilisparticularlyimportantinthecoffeeworld.In1994Brazilwasresponsiblefor25%ofworldproduction,Colombiawasnextwith13.4%,Indonesiahad7.5%,Mexico4.7%,Guatemala3.8%andEthiopiaandVietnamwereequalwith3.4%.Coffeeisatoughcrop,andcanbegrowninareaswhereitisdifficultorimpossiblegrowothercrops.(9)However,diseaseisalwaysproblemforcoffeeproduction,aswecanseeinsomepartsofSouthAmericaatthemoment.ICOisactiveineducatingfarmersaboutavoidingdiseaseanddealingwithproblemswhentheyoccur.Thedistributionchainvariesfromcountrytocountry,explainsPabloDubois.Inmostcountriesthesmallerfarmersselltheircroptoalocaltrader,whothensellsitontoexporters.Thereare,however,otherdistributionsystems.(10) .countries,likeVietnam,havespecialgovernmentmarketingorganizationsforcoffee.Coffeepricesoftenvarygreatlyfromoneyeartothenext.In1997,forexample,wasalargeriseintheworldprice,whichwasimmediatelyfeltbytheconsumer.Risingpricesalwaysresultinadropinsales,whichwillhaveabadeffectonthosedevelopingcountries, which arehighlydependent on foreign exchange fromcoffee exports.(11) .IntheopinionofPabloDubois,thebiggestproblemforhisorganisationistocreategreaterconsumerawarenessofthedifferentvarietiesofcoffeeanddifferentwayspreparingit.(12) .ICOisthereforeconcentratingitspromotionalactivitiesonRussiaandChina.Itisalsoencouragingenvironmentallyfriendlycoffeeproduction,andlastyear’sseminaroncoffeeandtheenvirontfiet.Thefuturelooksbrightforthecoffeeindustry.Itisestimatedthatconsumptionoverthenextfewyearswillcontinuetorisesteadily.NewmarketslikeEasternEuropeandChinaareexpectedtodevelopfast.exampleexample0ABCDEFGHIAsaresult,themembershipnowrepresents94%ofallexportersand60%ofimporters.Insomeofthesecountries,thiscanamounttoasmuchas50%ofallexportearning.InNorthAmerica,mostconsumersalreadyhaveaboveaverageknowledgeofrangeavailable.Forexample,frostandwindareparticularlydamagingtocoffeecrops.Largercoffeegrowers,forexample,frequentlyexportdirectly.ThemainreasonforthisishigherBrazilianoutputasproductionrecoversweatherdamagetocrops.Itiscultivatedinmountainregionswhichcan onlybereachedbyanimaltransport,andinotherdifficultareaswheremodernagriculturalequipmentcannotbeused.ThisisbecausethereisademandforcoffeeinGermany,anditisalsosoldintheandintheUS.Thismakethecoffeeindustryfairlyuniversal,accordingtoPabloDubois,HeadofInternationalCoffeeOrganisation(ICO),basedinLondon.PARTTHREEQuestions13-20Readthearticlebelowaboutstressmanagement,andanswerquestions13-20ontheoppositepage.ALessonInStressManagementDemandsplacedonusatworkcanoftenleadtoconsiderableworryanddiscomfort.Thereare,however,waysofprotectingourselvesfromthestresswefaceatwork.WeinterviewedJaneCollard,aconsultantinstressmanagement.In Jane Collard’sopinion, stress isbecominganincreasinglycommonfeatureof the workplace. Stress is a highlyindividual reaction, which variesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson,anditisdifficultforsomeemployeestoavoidit.Indeed,stressisregardedby manyaspartof the organizational culture of ourinstitutions:itcomeswiththejob.Recentfiguresindicatethattimetakenoffworkbecauseofstresshasincreasedby500percent since the 1950s. changesinworkingconditionshaveledtogreaterpressureatworkatalllevels.Withreductions in staffing, workloads forindividualemployeeshaveincreased.Inaddition, many employees areleftworryingaboutthesecurityoftheirjobs.Onthestressmanagement coursesthatsheruns,JaneCollardtriestomakethetraineesrealisethatstressinitselfisharmful.Everyoneneedsacertainlevelofstresstoenablethemtofeelmotivatedandtoperformeffectively.Acompleteabsenceofstresscanbeasdamagingasoverstress,sinceitcanmakepeopleloseinterestintheirwork,andevenleadtodepression.Thedifficultiesoccurwhentheamountofstressrisesabovealevelwhichishealthyforaparticularindividual.Ifthishappens,the effects are very obvious and traineesaretaughttorecognizethesigns.Stressmaybeexpressedphysically,forexamplethroughheadachesandtiredness,or throughemotionalproblemssuch asdepression.Apersonsufferingfromstressmayalsostarttobehavedifferently,and

canbedifficulttodealwith.Whileitmaynotalwaysbepossibletopreventstress,thereareanumberofwaysinwhichitcanbecontrolled.Thefirstthingthat thetraineeslearnishow tomanage their time effectively. Thisinvolves,firstofall,settingrealisticgoalsforboththeshortandlongterm.Oncethisframeworkhasbeenestablished,tasksthen prioritised on a daily basis. Thetraineesarealsoremindedthatwhentheyareunderpressurethelessimportantitemsshould be left, and theyshould neverhesitate to delegate. Everyone encouragedtolookatwaysofreducing‘wastedtime’,forexamplebygroupingsimilartaskstogetherordealingwithitemsimmedkiately.Janefeelsthatoneofthemostusefulfeaturesofthecourseisthatitenablestraineesto dealwiththosedemandsordeadlinesthattheyregardasunreasonable.They are encouraged to avoid beingdefensive,butatthesametimetheyareadvisednottobeafraidofsaying‘no’.Theyareaskedtogivereasons onlyifnecessary. The traininghelps them toforesee difficultsituations or unwanteddemands,andtheylearnhowtopreparethemselves mentally. Everyone isencouragednottogetstuckinnegativethoughtpatterns,wherestresscanfeedacircular sense of helplessness. solutiontheydiscussisto thinkofamoreencouragingalternativeforeachnegativemessage. They learn, for example, toremind themselves that nothingterriblehappenswhenademandisrefusedoradeadlinemissed.Lifegoeson.Questions13-16Forquestions13-16,choosethebesttitleforeachnumberedparagraphfromthelistbelow.Foreachnumberedparagraphmarkoneletter(onyourAnswerSheet.Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.HigherstresslevelsamongtopmanagersCopingwithstressthroughapositiveattitudeC TimelostatworkthroughHigherstresslevelsamongtopmanagersCopingwithstressthroughapositiveattitudeC TimelostatworkthroughsicknessD CausesofincreasedstressintheworkenvironmentE ExplanationsformisseddeadlinesF stressreductionthroughbetterG TypicalproblemsassociatedwithstressParagraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Questions17—20Usingtheinformationinthetext,completeeachsentence17-20withaphraseA-Gfromthelistbelow.Foreachquestionmarkoneletter(A-G)onyourAnswerSheet.Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.Mostpeopleagreethattherecentincreaseinstressisduetochangesin 18Thetraineesaretaughtthattherightlevelofstressatworkisimportantforgood.Traineeslearnthatonewayoflimitingstressisbydecidingupon.OneofthemostimportantpartsofthecourseislearninghowtoreacttoA levelsofperformanceB shorterA levelsofperformanceB shorterdeadlinesemploymentpracticeshigherlevelsofsicknessE unfairdemandssuccessfulmanagementstructurepracticaltargetsPARTFOURQuestions21-35·ReadthetextbelowaboutjobprospectsattheProvincialBank.·ChoosethecorrectwordA,B,C,or,Dontheoppositepagetofilleachgap.·Foreachquestion21-35,markoneletter(A,B,C,orD)onyourAnswerSheet.EmploymentOpportunitiesforGraduateswiththeProvincialBankTheProvincialBankisoneofthebiggest(example) institutionsintheU.K.Withits1,900branchesand58,000employees,ithas(21) ahouseholdname.Almost4,000oftheseemployees(22) managerialorexecutivepositions.Thebankhasanoutstanding(23) ofprofitability,whichhasbeenachievedbyintroducinginnovationsatthesametimeasmaintainingleadershipofthe(24) .Thebank’scomprehensivetrainingprogrammeconcentrateson(25) themost important skillsthat graduates need in order to (26) earlymanagementresponsibility.Traineestakeresponsibilityfortheirowncontinuousself-developmentthroughvisitingotherbranchesanddepartments,and(27) coursesinmanagementskills.Theyalsoreceivetraininginordertoincreasetheirknowledgeofthebank’s(28) .Thebanksupports(29) ofstaffwhowishtotakeprofessionalexaminations,anditsGraduateTrainingScheme is (30) Management.

to the nationallyrecognized Diploma inObviouslythequalityofitsmangersisof(31) importancetotheperformance.Itwelcomesgoodgraduatesinanysubjectarea,(32) theycan demonstrate the ability to influence events, and have the potential to(33) bothasleadersandaspartofateam.MostgraduatetraineesjointheRetailBankingdivisioninitially.Thosestartingonthisprogrammewillsoonhavethe(34) toworkinotherpartsofthebankandcan(35) avariedandflexibleworkinglife.Example:Example:AbudgetaryBfiscalCfinancialDeconomicExample0ABCD21 AopenedBenteredCturnedDbecome22 AholdBdoCkeepDown23 AcareerBcatalogueCrecordDexperience24 AareaBtradeCrecordDmarket25 AmakingBreachingCdevelopingDheightening26 ApresentBtreatCdealDhandle27 AobservingBattendingCinvolvingDstaying28 AservicesBgoodsC creationsD abilities29 AcolleagueBmembersCpeopleDpersons30 AqualifiedBcombinedCfastenedDlinked31AmainBvitalCnecessaryDsuperior32AthereforeBthusCprovidedDonly33AsucceedBrealizeCgainDovercomeA choiceA forecast

B chancebelieve

likelihood DC suppose D

probabilityexpect36 The36 Thecompetition,whichthereisheldeverytwoyears,isorganizedbytheinternational37 TrainingOrganisation.AllU.K.competitorsqualifyfortheteambygettingthrough38 atoughnationalcompetition.Theirbackgroundsarevaryfromartstosci