2020年高考英语名词性从句语法讲解

2020年高考英语名词性从句语法讲解（名师精讲必考语法，建议下载练习）一．名词性从句基本概念：在句子中起名词性作用的从句叫名词性从句。Peterisinteresting.WhatPetersaidisinteresting.主语主语从句IknowPeter.IknowthatPeterislovely.宾语宾语从句ThisisPeter.ThisiswherePeterlives.表语表语从句Alovelyteacher,Peter,ishere.同位语Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.同位语从句EG:Idon'tknowwhetherwewillgoout.二．名词性从句连接词的选择不作成分that,whether作主语，宾语，what,who,whom,which,whose表语或定语作状语Where,when,how,whyYoumayborrowwhichbookyoulike.Whosewatchwaslostisknown.三．主语从句定义：名词性从句做主语连接词不作成分that（不可省略）‘whether作主语，宾语，表语或定语what,who,whom,which,whose作状语Where,when,how,whyThattheearthmovesaroundthesunisknowntoall.Whetherwewillgopicnicingtomorrowdependsontheweather.Whostandsthereismyfather.用it作形式主语。Itbe+形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句Itisapitythathedidn'twinthegame.Itiswellknownthattheearthrunsaroundthesun.EX：1.weareinvitedtotheconcertthiseveningisgoodnewstous.2.weneedismoretime.__willcometohavedinnerisnotknown.4.Itiscommonknowledgethewhaleisnotafish.5.Itisknownhehasagreedtomyplan.宾语从句1.定义：名词性从句作宾语2.连接词不作成分that,whether,if作主语，宾语，what,who,whom,which,whose表语或定语作状语Where,when,how,why3•动词的宾语从句。（that可以省略）及物动词的后面例：Haveyoudeterminedwhichyoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsknow.宾语后有补语，常用it作形式宾语而把宾语从句放在句末。例：Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.介词的宾语从句介词后可以跟whether和wh-类连接词引导的从句。不能用if。例：Successdependsonwhetherwemakeenougheffort.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.除在except,in,but,besides后/that引导的从句一般不直接做介词的宾语。’必须用it作形式宾语。例：Iknownothingaboutmynewneighbourexceptthatheisateacher.YoumaydependonitthatIshouldalwayshelpyou.whether与if引导宾语从句的区别与ornot连用时，只用whether例：IwanttoknowwhetherornotthetraingoestoKingStreet.主语放，表语，同位语从句只能用whether例：Whetherhehasagreedtomyplan.从句作介词宾语时，只用whether.例：Scientistsareinterestedinwhetherthesenseofsmellisrelatedtopain.doubt在肯定句中，其后的宾语从句用whether,if或that皆可，但在否定句中只用that.例:Ontheotherhand,thereislittledoubtthatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgettingonwithotherpeopleanddealingwithdifficultsituation.宾语从句的时态主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；例：Doyouknowwhentheancientgamesbegan?主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的时态一般用适当的过去时。例：HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.当从句是表达客观真理的句子时，从句用一般现在时。例：Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.表语从句1.定义：从句作表语的句子。2.连接词不作成分that(不可省略),whether,asif,asthough,because作主语，宾语，表语或定语what,who,whom,which,whose作状语Where,when,how,whyasif/asthough引导的表语从句，可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气例:ItsoundsasfyouarefromthesouthoftheUniteStates.HelooksasifhewerefromtheMars.because引导的表语从句时，主句主语不能用reason.例：Ithinkitisbecauseyouaretooserious.主句主语是advice,demand等时的表语从句，从句用虚拟语气例：Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)setoffatonce.同位语从句定义：从句作同位语的句子。同位语从句常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,order等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。1..连接词不作成分that(不可省略)‘whether作主语，宾语，表语或定语what,who,whom,which,whose作状语Where,when,how,why2.主语是advice,proposal等时的同位语从