庫存系統及I行业管理知识

OracleInventory講師：莫明鳳2003/11/142003/11/141OracleInventoryBeforeInventory

在庫存系統之前ERP到底有什麼樣的流程2003/11/142OracleInventoryOutlineInventoryOverview庫存概觀Inventoryintroduction庫存簡介Inventorycomponents庫存要素Inventorytheory庫存理論OracleInventoryFlowProcess庫存流程InventoryEnterpriseStructure企業結構Item物料InventoryControl庫存控制MiscellaneousTransaction雜項交易Accuracycontrol正確性控制Planning規劃2003/11/143OracleInventoryInventoryOverview2003/11/144OracleInventoryInventoryOverview庫存概觀Inventoryintroduction庫存簡介Inventorycomponents庫存要素Inventorytheory庫存理論2003/11/145OracleInventoryInventoryIntroduction庫存簡介主要任務適時掌握正確的存貨狀況效益提高帳務處理的作業效率與正確性掌握正確即時的庫存資訊掌握存貨異動狀況及料件呆滯情形提高盤點作業的效率2003/11/146OracleInventoryInventoryOverview庫存概觀Inventoryintroduction庫存簡介Inventorycomponents庫存要素Item物料Inventory倉庫Inventorytheory庫存理論2003/11/147OracleInventoryInventoryComponents–ItemType分類Numberschema編碼原則Engineeringaspect工程面Inventoryaspect庫存面Purchasingaspect採購面2003/11/148OracleInventoryInventoryComponents-ItemType分類Rawmaterial原物料WIP(workinprocess)在製品Semi-finishedgoods半成品Finishedgoods(enditem)成品MRO(Maintenance,RepairandOperationSupplies)間接物料NumberschemaEngineeringaspectInventoryaspectPurchasingaspect2003/11/149OracleInventoryInventoryComponents-ItemTypeNumberschema編碼原則PartnumberorItemnumber品號、料號原則：簡單性、單一性、易記性、組織性、充足性EngineeringaspectInventoryaspectPurchasingaspect2003/11/1410OracleInventoryInventoryComponents-ItemTypeNumberschemaEngineeringaspect工工程面面Revision版版本EC工工程變更更Drawing圖面面InventoryaspectPurchasingaspect2003/11/1411OracleInventoryInventoryComponents-ItemTypeNumberschemaEngineeringaspectInventoryaspect庫存面Locator儲位位Safetystock安安全庫庫存On-handquantity在在手量Purchasingaspect2003/11/1412OracleInventoryInventoryComponents-ItemTypeNumberschemaEngineeringaspectInventoryaspectPurchasingaspect採採購面Lead-time前前置時時間OrderPolicy:Reorderpoint、EOQ再再訂購購點、經經濟訂購購量Supplier供供應商2003/11/1413OracleInventoryInventoryOverviewInventoryintroductionInventorycomponents庫庫存要素素Item物料料Inventory倉倉庫Inventorytheory2003/11/1414OracleInventoryInventoryComponents-SubinventoryTypes分分類按料件分分原物料倉倉半成品倉倉成品倉倉按稅制制分保稅倉倉非保稅稅倉其他報廢倉倉、客客供品品倉等等2003/11/1415OracleInventoryInventoryOverviewInventoryintroductionInventorycomponentsInventorytheory庫庫存存理論論ABCanalysisABC分析析Reorderpoint再再訂購購點EconomicOrderQty,EOQ經經濟訂訂購量量Physicalinventory實實體體盤點點2003/11/1416OracleInventoryABCAnalysisA類約有10~30%的的存貨貨項目目，價價值約約佔全全部庫庫存價價值的的70~80%C類約有40~50%的的存貨貨項目目，價價值約約佔全全部庫庫存價價值的的5~15%B類剩餘的的存貨貨2003/11/1417OracleInventoryABCAnalysisA類處處理原原則嚴密管管制根據歷歷史資資料及及預測測訂購購縮短前前置時時間、、嚴密密控制制交期期增加循循環盤盤點次次數、、提高高庫存存精確確度放置於於容易易入出出庫位位置C類處處理原原則可採較較不嚴嚴密管管制定量訂訂購方方式定期盤盤點2003/11/1418OracleInventoryInventoryOverviewInventoryintroductionInventorycomponentsInventorytheory庫庫存存理論論ABCanalysisABC分分析Reorderpoint再再訂購購點EconomicOrderQty,EOQ經經濟濟訂購購量Physicalinventory實實體體盤點點2003/11/1419OracleInventoryReorderPoint再再訂購購點QuantityTimeReorderPoint再再訂購購點SafetyStock安安全全庫存存ReorderQuantity再再訂訂購數數量LeadTime前前置時時間2003/11/1420OracleInventoryInventoryOverviewInventoryintroductionInventorycomponentsInventorytheory庫庫存存理論論ABCanalysisABC分分析Reorderpoint再再訂購購點EconomicOrderQty,EOQ經經濟訂訂購量量Physicalinventory實實體體盤點點2003/11/1421OracleInventoryEOQ經經濟訂訂購量量2003/11/1422OracleInventoryInventoryOverviewInventoryintroductionInventorycomponentsInventorytheory庫庫存存理論論ABCanalysisABC分分析Reorderpoint再再訂購購點EconomicOrderQty,EOQ經經濟訂訂購量量Physicalinventory實實體體盤點點2003/11/1423OracleInventoryPhysicalInventory實實體體盤點點制定盤盤點時時程計計畫凍結庫庫存列印盤盤點卡卡、盤盤點清清冊實際盤盤點輸入實實際盤盤點數數量盤點差差異列列印盤差盈盈虧調調整庫存凍凍結解解除盤點差差異對對策分分析2003/11/1424OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowProcess2003/11/1425OracleInventoryOracleERPOverview庫存Inventory出貨作業PickingShipping總帳系統GL客戶訂單

SO主生產排程MPS粗略產能規劃RCCP物料需求規劃MRP請購作業

PR採購作業

PO收料作業

Receiving生產方式DiscreteRepetitiveFlowProjectProcess生產發料Issue生產控制製程移轉MoveTransaction生產入庫CompletionTransaction產能需求規劃CRP應付帳款立帳Invoice付款作業Payment票據管理成本管理CostManagement主需求排程MDS固定資產管理

Assets供應鍊管理最佳化排程APS銷售預測FCST統一發票管理收款作業Receipts應收帳款立帳Invoice2003/11/1426OracleInventoryInventoryFlowProcessEnterpriseStructureItemsInventoryControlsTransactionABCAnalysisCycleCountingPhysicalInventoryInventoryPlanning2003/11/1427OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowProcessInventoryEnterpriseStructure組組織織架構構Item物物料料InventoryControl庫庫存控控制MiscellaneousTransaction雜雜項交交易Accuracycontrol正正確確性控控制Planning規規劃劃2003/11/1428OracleInventoryInventoryEnterpriseStructureOrganizationA

組織AOrganizationB組織BSetofBooks2LocationBLocationASetofBooks1Subinventory

倉庫Subinventory倉庫Subinventory倉庫Subinventory倉庫Locator

儲位Locator

儲位Locator

儲位Locator

儲位Locator

儲位2003/11/1429OracleInventory2003/11/1430OracleInventory2003/11/1431OracleInventory2003/11/1432OracleInventory2003/11/1433OracleInventoryEnterpriseStructure組組織織架構構.例例OrganizationAJessOrgLocationAJessLocationSetofBooks1Subinventory倉倉庫庫Je-RM1Subinventory倉庫Je-FG1Locator儲儲位R1.1.1..Locator儲儲位Locator儲儲位2003/11/1434OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlMiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1435OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItem物物料UnitofMeasure,UOM衡量單單位DefineItem定定義物料InventoryControlMiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1436OracleInventoryUnitofMeasure衡衡量單位DefineUOMclasses

定義義UOM類類別DefinemultiplenonbaseUOMsforeachclass定定義此類別別中的其他UOMDefineIntraclassConversions定定義類別內的轉換機制制DefineinterclassConversions定定義類別間的轉換機制制DefineonebaseUOMForeachUOMclass

定義義此類別中中的基本UOMDefineUOMConversion

定義UOM轉換換機制DefinestandardConversions定定義標準的轉換機制制2003/11/1437OracleInventory2003/11/1438OracleInventoryUnitofMeasure衡衡量單位.例DefineUOMclassesQuantityDefinemultiplenonbaseUOMsforeachclassDozen,GrossDefineIntraclassConversionsDefineinterclassConversions1Each=1.5GramDefineonebaseUOMForeachUOMclassEachDefineUOMConversionDefinestandardConversions1Dozen=12Each針對特定item2003/11/1439OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItem物物料UnitofMeasure,UOM衡量單單位DefineItem定定義物料InventoryControlMiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1440OracleInventoryDefineItemusingtemplateCreateItemTemplate建立物料範範本CreateItemfromTemplate&modify從範本建立立物料並修修改OrganizationAssignmentandmodify組織織設設定定並並修修改改同種種類類型型的的品品項項可可先先建建立立template，，以以節節省省新新建建item的的時時間間建好好item後後，，可可依依需需要要配配置置給給不不同同的的組組織織使使用用。。2003/11/1441OracleInventory2003/11/1442OracleInventory2003/11/1443OracleInventory2003/11/1444OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControl庫庫存存控控制制Locatorcontrol儲儲位位控控制制Revisioncontrol版版本本控控制制Lotcontrol批批量量控控制制Serialnumbercontrol序序號號控控制制MiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1445OracleInventoryLocatorControl儲儲位位控控制制Trackitemsbyrackandbinlocators.Assigndefaultshippinglocatorsforitems.Assigndefaultreceivinglocatorsforitems.Restrictitemstoparticularlocators.Uselocatorsinamaterialtransaction2003/11/1446OracleInventoryLocatorControl儲儲位位控控制制SubinventorySubinventoryLocatorOrganizationItemwithlocatorcontrolinthissubinventoryItemwithoutlocatorcontrolinthissubinventory2003/11/1447OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlLocatorcontrol儲儲位控控制Revisioncontrol版版本本控制制Lotcontrol批批量控控制Serialnumbercontrol序序號控控制MiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1448OracleInventoryRevisionControl版版本本控制制Trackitemsbyrevisioninformation.Enteramiscellaneousreceiptwithrevisioncontrol.Enteraengineeringchangeorderwithrevisionnumber.RevisionARevisionB2003/11/1449OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlLocatorcontrol儲儲位控控制Revisioncontrol版版本本控制制Lotcontrol批批量控控制Serialnumbercontrol序序號控控制MiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1450OracleInventoryLotControl批批量控控制Trackspecificbatchesofitems.Regulatetheuseofperishableitems.Enablelotandshelflifecontrolofitems.Lot#0326982003/11/1451OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlLocatorcontrol儲儲位控控制Revisioncontrol版版本本控制制Lotcontrol批批量控控制Serialnumbercontrol序序號控控制MiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1452OracleInventorySerialNumberControl序序號控控制Trackindividualunitsofitemsthatyoustoreandtransactinyourorganization.Trackitemsthatyouwanttomaintainverytightcontrol.SN#01015492003/11/1453OracleInventory2003/11/1454OracleInventory2003/11/1455OracleInventory2003/11/1456OracleInventory2003/11/1457OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlMiscellaneousTransaction雜雜項交交易AccuracycontrolPlanning2003/11/1458OracleInventory原料倉出貨倉成品倉工程倉InventoryOrganization1庫房調撥Misc.TransactionsInventoryOrganization2原料倉成品倉採購(供應商)檢驗在製品(工單)收料收料入入庫工單領領料完工入入庫雜項收發跨組織織調撥撥客戶訂單出出貨盤點計畫盤點調調整成本變動成本更更新RMA收貨貨2003/11/1459OracleInventory2003/11/1460OracleInventory2003/11/1461OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlMiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrol正正確確性控控制Overview概概觀觀Physicalinventory實實體體盤點點ABCanalysisABC分分析Cyclecounting循環環盤點Planning2003/11/1462OracleInventoryOverview概概觀Whyneedaccuracycontrol?ReasonsEffectiveplanningMinimizinginventoryinvestmentMethodsPhysicalinventory實體體盤點ABCanalysisABC分分析Cyclecounting循環環盤點2003/11/1463OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlMiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrol正正確性控控制Overview概概觀Physicalinventory實體體盤點ABCanalysisABC分分析Cyclecounting循環環盤點Planning2003/11/1464OracleInventoryOraclePhysicalInventoryDefinephysicalinventorySnapshotofon-handquantitiesGeneratetagsCountItemsEntercountsApprovecountsRunadjustmentprogram定義盤點

快照系統數量產生盤點卡

實際盤點數量輸入盤點數量確認盤點數量盤點差異入帳2003/11/1465OracleInventoryDefinephysicalinventory

Snapshotofon-handquantitiesGeneratetags

CountItemsEntercounts

Approvecounts

Runadjustmentprogram

PhysicalInv.v.sOraclePhysicalInv.制定盤點時時程計畫凍結庫存列印盤點清清冊、盤點點卡實際盤點輸入實際盤盤點數量盤點差異列列印盤差盈虧調調整庫存凍結解解除盤點差異對對策分析2003/11/1466OracleInventoryDefinePhysicalInventory&Snapshot2003/11/1467OracleInventoryGenerateTags2003/11/1468OracleInventoryEnterCounts2003/11/1469OracleInventoryApproveCounts2003/11/1470OracleInventoryRunAdjustmentProgram2003/11/1471OracleInventoryOracleInventoryFlowInventoryEnterpriseStructureItemInventoryControlMiscellaneousTransactionAccuracycontrolOverview概概觀Physicalinventory實體體盤點ABCanalysisABC分分析Cycle