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基于Android开发的外文文献(完整资料)(可以直接使用,可编辑优秀版资料,欢迎下载)

Android基于Android开发的外文文献(完整资料)(可以直接使用,可编辑优秀版资料,欢迎下载)Android,asasystem,isaJava-basedoperatingsystemthatrunsontheLinux2。6kernel。Thesystemisverylightweightandfullfeatured。AndroidapplicationsaredevelopedusingJavaandcanbeportedrathereasilytothenewplatform.IfyouhavenotyetdownloadedJavaorareunsureaboutwhichversionyouneed,IdetailtheinstallationofthedevelopmentenvironmentinChapter2.OtherfeaturesofAndroidincludeanaccelerated3-Dgraphicsengine(basedonhardwaresupport),databasesupportpoweredbySQLite,andanintegratedwebbrowser。IfyouarefamiliarwithJavaprogrammingorareanOOPdeveloperofanysort,youarelikelyusedtoprogrammaticuserinterface(UI)development—thatis,UIplacementwhichishandleddirectlywithintheprogramcode.Android,whilerecognizingandallowinggrammaticUIdevelopment,alsosupportsthenewer,XML-basedUIlayout.XMLUIlayoutisafairlynewconcepttotheaveragedesktopdeveloper。IwillcoverboththeXMLUIlaygrammaticUIdevelopmentinthesupportingchaptersofthisbook。OneofthemoreexcitingandcompellingfeaturesofAndroidisthat,becauseofitsarchitecture,third-partyapplications-includingthosethatare“homegrown"—areexecutedwiththesamesystempriorityasthosethatarebundledwiththecoresystem.Thisisamajordeparturefrommostsystems,whichgiveembeddedsystemappsagreaterexecutionprioritythanthethreadpriorityavailabletoappscreatedbythird-partydevelopers。Also,eachapplicationisexecutedwithinitsownthreadusingaverylightweightvirtualmachine.AsidefromtheverygenerousSDKandthewell—formedlibrariesthatareavailabletoustodevelopwith,themostexcitingfeatureforAndroiddevelopersisthatwenowhaveaccesstoanythingtheoperatingsystemhasaccessto。Inotherwords,ifyouwanttocreateanapplicationthatdialsthephone,youhaveaccesstothephone'sdialer;ifyouwanttocreateanapplicationthatutilizesthephone’ernalGPS(ifequipped),youhaveaccesstoit。Thepotentialfordeveloperstocreatedynamicandintriguingapplicationsisnowwideopen。OntopofallthefeaturesthatareavailablefromtheAndroidsideoftheequation,Googlehasthrowninsomeverytantalizingfeaturesofitsown.DevelopersofAndroidapplicationswillbeabletotietheirapplicationsintoexistingGoogleofferingssuchasGoogleMapsandtheomnipresentGoogleSearch.SupposeyouwanttowriteanapplicationthatpullsupaGooglemapofwhereanincomingcallisemanatingfrom,oryouwanttobeabletostorecommonsearchresultswithyourcontacts;thedoorsofpossibilityhavebeenflungwideopenwithAndroid。Chapter2beginsyourjourneytoAndroiddevelopment。Youwilllearnthehow'sandwhy’sofusingspecificdevelopmentenvironmentsorintegrateddevelopmentenvironments(IDE),andyouwilldownloadandinstalltheJavaIDEEclipse。ApplicationComponentsAcentralfeatureofAndroidisthatoneapplicationcanmakeuseofelementsofotherapplications(providedthoseapplicationspermitit)。Forexample,ifyourapplicationneedstodisplayascrollinglistofimagesandanotherapplicationhasdevelopedasuitablescrollerandmadeitavailabletoothers,youcancalluponthatscrollertodothework,ratherthandevelopyourown.Yourapplicationdoesn’tincorporatethecodeoftheotherapplicationorlinktoit.Rather,itsimplystartsupthatpieceoftheotherapplicationwhentheneedarises.Forthistowork,thesystemmustbeabletostartanapplicationprocesswhenanypartofitisneeded,andinstantiatetheJavaobjectsforthatpart。Therefore,unlikeapplicationsonmostothersystems,Androidapplicationsdon’thaveasingleentrypointforeverythingintheapplication(nomain()function,forexample).Rather,theyhaveessentialcomponentsthatthesystemcaninstantiateandrunasneeded.Therearefourtypesofcomponents:ActivitiesAnactivitypresentsavisualuserinterfaceforonefocusedendeavortheusercanundertake.Forexample,anactivitymightpresentalistofmenuitemsuserscanchoosefromoritmightdisplayphotographsalongwiththeircaptions.Atextmessagingapplicationmighthaveoneactivitythatshowsalistofcontactstosendmessagesto,asecondactivitytowritethemessagetothechosencontact,andotheractivitiestoreviewoldmessagesorchangesettings.Thoughtheyworktogethertoformacohesiverface,eachactivityisindependentoftheothers.EachoneisimplementedasasubclassoftheActivitybaseclass。Anapplicationmightconsistofjustoneactivityor,likethetextmessagingapplicationjustmentioned,itmaycontainseveral。Whattheactivitiesare,andhowmanytherearedepends,ofcourse,ontheapplicationanditsdesign.Typically,oneoftheactivitiesismarkedasthefirstonethatshouldbepresentedtotheuserwhentheapplicationislaunched。Movingfromoneactivitytoanotherisaccomplishedbyhavingthecurrentactivitystartthenextone。Eachactivityisgivenadefaultwindowtodrawin。Typically,thewindowfillsthescreen,butitmightbesmallerthanthescreenandfloatontopofotherwindows。Anactivitycanalsomakeuseofadditionalwindows-forexample,apop-updialogthatcallsforauserresponseinthemidstoftheactivity,orawindowthatpresentsuserswithvitalinformationwhentheyselectaparticularitemon—screen。Thevisualcontentofthewindowisprovidedbyahierarchyofviews—objectsderivedfromthebaseViewclass.Eachviewcontrolsaparticularrectangularspacewithinthewindow.Parentviewscontainandorganizethelayoutoftheirchildren.Leafviews(thoseatthebottomofthehierarchy)drawintherectanglestheycontrolandrespondtouseractionsdirectedatthatspace.Thus,viewsarewheretheactivity'sinteractionwiththeusertakesplace。Forexample,aviewmightdisplayasmallimageandinitiateanactionwhentheusertapsthatimage.Androidhasanumberofready—madeviewsthatyoucanuse-includingbuttons,textfields,scrollbars,menuitems,checkboxes,andmore。Aviewhierarchyisplacedwithinanactivity'swindowbytheActivity。setContentView()method。ThecontentviewistheViewobjectattherootofthehierarchy.(SeetheseparateUserInterfacedocumentformoreinformationonviewsandthehierarchy.)ServicesAservicedoesn'thaveavisualuserinterface,butratherrunsinthebackgroundforanindefiniteperiodoftime。Forexample,aservicemightplaybackgroundmusicastheuserattendstoothermatters,oritmightfetchdataoverthenetworkorcalculatesomethingandprovidetheresulttoactivitiesthatneedit.EachserviceextendstheServicebaseclass。Aprimeexampleisamediaplayerplayingsongsfromaplaylist。Theplayerapplicationwobablyhaveoneormoreactivitiesthatallowtheusertochoosesongsandstartplayingthem.However,themusicplaybackitselfwouldnotbehandledbyanactivitybecauseuserswillexpectthemusictokeepplayingevenaftertheyleavetheplayerandbeginsomethingdifferent.Tokeepthemusicgoing,themediaplayeractivitycouldstartaservicetoruninthebackground。Thesystemwouldthenkeepthemusicplaybackservicerunningevenaftertheactivitythatstarteditleavesthescreen.It'spossibletoconnectto(bindto)anongoingservice(andstarttheserviceifit'snotalreadyrunning)。Whileconnected,youmunicatewiththeservicethroughaninterfacethattheserviceexposes。Forthemusicservice,thisinterfacemightallowuserstopause,rewind,stop,andrestarttheplayback.Likeactivitiesandtheothercomponents,servicesruninthemainthreadoftheapplicationprocess。Sothattheywon'tblockothercomponentsortheuserinterface,theyoftenspawnanotherthreadfortime-consumingtasks(likemusicplayback).SeeProcessesandThreads,later.BroadcastreceiversAbroadcastreceiverisacomponentthatdoesnothingbutreceiveandreacttobroadcastannouncements。Manybroadcastsoriginateinsystemcode—forexample,announcementsthatthetimezonehaschanged,thatthebatteryislow,thatapicturehasbeentaken,orthattheuserchangedalanguagepreference.Applicationscanalsoinitiatebroadcasts—forexample,toletotherapplicationsknowthatsomedatahasbeendownloadedtothedeviceandisavailableforthemtouse.Anapplicationcanhaveanynumberofbroadcastreceiverstorespondtoanyannouncementsitconsidersimportant。AllreceiversextendtheBroadcastReceiverbaseclass。Broadcastreceiversdonotdisplayauserinterface.However,theymaystartanactivityinresponsetotheinformationtheyreceive,ortheymayusetheNotificationManagertoalerttheuser。Notificationscangettheuser'sattentioninvariousways—flashingthebacklight,vibratingthedevice,playingasound,andsoon。Theytypicallyplaceapersistenticoninthestatusbar,whichuserscanopentogetthemessage.ContentprovidersAcontentprovidermakesaspecificsetoftheapplication’sdataavailabletootherapplications.Thedatacanbestoredinthefilesystem,inanSQLitedatabase,orinanyothermannerthatmakessense.ThecontentproviderextendstheContentProviderbaseclasstoimplementastandardsetofmethodsthatenableotherapplicationstoretrieveandstoredataofthetypeitcontrols。However,applicationsdonotcallthesemethodsdirectly。RathertheyuseaContentResolverobjectandcallitsmethodsinstead.AContentResolvercantalktoanycontentprovider;erateswiththeprovidertomanageanyinterprocesscommunicationthat'sinvolved。SeetheseparateContentProvidersdocumentformoreinformationonusingconteviders。Wheneverthere'sarequestthatshouldbehandledbyaparticulaponent,Androidmakessurethattheapplicationprocessofthecomponentisrunning,startingitifnecessary,andthatanappropriateinstanceofthecomponentisavailable,creatingtheinstanceifnecessary.KeySkills&Concepts●CreatingnewAndroidprojects●WorkingwithViews●UsingaTextView●Modifyingthemain.xmlfileCreatingYourFirstAndroidProjectinEclipseTostartyourfirstAndroidproject,openEclipse.WhenyouopenEclipseforthefirsttime,itopenstoanemptydevelopmentenvironment(seeFigure5—1),whichiswhereyouwanttobegin.Yourfirsttaskistosetupandnametheworkspaceforyourapplication.ChooseFile|New|AndroidProject,whichwilllaunchtheNewAndroidProjectwizard。CAUTIONDonotselectJavaProjectfromtheNewmenu.WhileAndroidapplicationsarewritteninJava,andyouaredoingallofyourdevelopmentinJavaprojects,thisoptionwillcreateastandardJavaapplication.SelectingAndroidProjectenablesyoutocreateAndroid-specificapplications.IfyoudonotseetheoptionforAndroidProject,thisindicatesthattheAndroidpluginforEclipsewasnotfullyorcorrectlyinstalled。ReviewtheprocedureinChapter3forinstallingtheAndroidpluginforEclipsetocorrectthis.TheNewAndroidProjectwizardcreatestwothingsforyouAshellapplicationthattiesintotheAndroidSDK,usingtheandroid。jarfile,andtiestheprojectintotheAndroidEmulator.ThisallowsyoutocodeusingalloftheAndroidlibrariesandpackages,andalsoletsyoudebugyourapplicationsintheproperenvironment。Yourfirstshellfilesforthenewproject。Theseshellfilescontainsomeofthevitalapplicationblocksuponwhichyouwillbebuildingyourprograms.InmuchthesamewayascreatingaMicrosoft。NETapplicationinVisualStudiogeneratessomeWindows—createdprogramcodeinyourfiles,usingtheAndroidProjectwizardinEclipsegeneratesyourinitialprogramfilesandsomeAndroid-createdcode.Inaddition,theNewAndroidProjectwizardcontainsafewoptions,shownnext,thatyoumustsettoinitiateyourAndroidproject.FortheProjectNamefield,forpurposesofthisexample,usethetitleHelloWorldText.ThisnamesufficientlydistinguishesthisHelloWorld!projectfromtheothersthatyouwillbecreatinginthischapter.IntheContentsarea,keepthedefaultselections:theCreateNewProjectinWorkspaceradiobuttonshouldbeselectedandtheUseDefaultLocationcheckboxshouldbechecked。ThiswillallowEclipsetocreateyourprojectinyourdefaultworkspacedirectory.Theadvantageofkeepingthedefaultoptionsisthatyourprojectsarekeptinacentrallocation,whichmakesordering,managing,andfindingtheseprojectsquiteeasy.Forexample,ifyouareworkinginaUnix—basedenvironment,thispathpointstoyour$HOMEdirectory.IfyouareworkinginaMicrosoftWindowsenvironment,theworkspacepathwillbeC:/Users/〈username>/workspace,asshowninthepreviousillustration.However,foranynumberofreasons,youmaywanttounchecktheUseDefaultLocationcheckboxandselectadifferentlocationforyouject.OnereasonyoumaywanttospecifyadifferentlocationhereissimplyifyouwanttochoosealocationforthisspecificprojectthatisseparatefromotherAndroidprojects.Forexample,youmaywanttokeeptheprojectsthatyoucreateinthisbookinadifferentlocationfromprojectsthatyoucreateinthefutureonyourown.Ifso,simplyoverridetheLocationoptiontospecifyyourowncustomlocationdireject.实训报告实训项目名称基于Android计算器的开发与测试二级学院信息工程学院专业班级11级姓名学号日期2014—11-19项目名称基于安卓计算器的开发与测试地点教13603报告内容在本报告中,我们主要介绍了国内目前手机系统和软件的现状和发展,针对这方面我们设计了基于Android计算器。报告内容大致分为三个部分。第一部分首先介绍了需求分析,其中介绍了计算器最基本的功能.之后还有一些按键的设置以及计算器的基本功能。第二部分我们介绍了关于计算器的总体设计和详细设计其中我们用了两个流程图来表示,分别是程序设计流程图和软件设计流程图。然后还包含了计算器模块的设计。第三部分为计算器的测试部分,其中我们对计算器进行了多方的测试。此外还有测试用例图。教师评语成绩:教师签名:摘要Android是当今最重要的手机开发平台之一,它是建立在Java基础之上的,能够迅速建立手机软件的解决方案。Android的功能十分强大,成为当今软件行业的一股新兴力量。Android基于Linux平台,由操作系统、中间件、用户界面和应用软件组成,具有以下5个特点:开放性、应用程序无界限、应用程序是在平等条件下创建的,应用程序可以轻松的嵌入网络、应用程序可以并行运行.而简单计算器又是手机上必备的小程序,所以此次创新实践很有意义。并且具有很强的使用性。关键字:计算器,Android,移动设备目录TOC\o”1-3"\h\uHYPERLINKfirstFlag=false;//改变首次输入的标记}}else{if(!clearFlag){//如果flag=false不需要清空显示区的值,就调用方法计算jsp(Double.parseDouble(editText.getText()。toString()));//保存显示区域的值,并计算}//保存你点击的运算符lastCommand=inputCommand;clearFlag=true;//因为我这里已经输入过运算符,}}}加、减、乘、除等各种计算功能的实现:privatevoidjsp(doublex){if(lastCommand。equals("+”)){result+=x;}elseif(lastCommand。equals(”-”)){result—=x;}elseif(lastCommand.equals("*")){result*=x;}elseif(lastCommand.equals(”/")){result/=x;}elseif(lastCommand。equals("=")){result=x;}editText.setText(””+result);}}5测试用列和结果5。1测试用列通过以下的测试用例进行对游戏各功能模块的测试并加以修改,如表5.1所示。测试编号测试输入期望结果实际结果11+23。03.021*22.02.031/20。50.541/0无结果错误51—(-3)4.0-2。06--2程序错误程序错误表5.1测试用例表5。2测试用列展示图1.测试1+2时的状态如图5.2所示:图5。2测试结果图2.测试1*2时如图5.3所示:图5.3测试结果图3.测试1/2时如图5.4所示:图5.4测试结果图测试1/0时如图5.5所示:图5.5测试结果图5。测试1-(—3)如图5。6所示:图5.6测试结果图6.测试输入--2时如图5。7所示:图5。7测试结果图6小结这次项目android计算器项目设计是在eclipse平台下设计,到现在为止,该系统的功能基本符合了普通计算器的要求,整个系统界面简单明了,使用起来十分方便,具有普通计算器的基本功能,同时拓展了一些普通计算器上没有的部分科学计算功能。在整个开发过程中,从需求分析到总体架构的构思,到最后代码的编写我投入了大量的时间和精力,对系统中的每个功能都进行了反复的调试,修改。因为这是我是第一次系统性的进行软件的开发,不论是在知识层面、开发平台的使用层面还是经验方面都有着很大的欠缺和不足,因此本软件难免会有一些功能不完善、界面不美观等一些不尽如人意的地方,但是再短短一个星期的时间内,我已经进行了很大的努力。通过这个android计算器项目设计,我不经巩固了我们在书本上学到和平时老师传授的知识,而且还学到了许多书本上学不到的知识,并运用了网络这个平台查询一些不明白的知识点。指导老师在我软件代码编写和后期软件调试期间,给我很大的帮助。要谢谢各位帮过我的老师和同学。这次的实验让我对我的学过的知识有了深一步的了解。参考文献[1]刘敏.

移动终端的Android移植与应用程序设计[D].西安电子科技大学2011[2]王蕾.

哈尔滨招行Android手机银行汇率换算模块的设计与实现[D].吉林大学2011[3]施金兰.

基于Android平台的网络共享研究与实现[D]。华东师范大学2011[4]赵建勋.

基于Android平台的移动位置服务的开发与实现[J]。现代商贸工业。2010(20)[5]李林涛,朱珊虹。基于Android系统的手机游戏黑白棋的设计与实现[J]。新乡学院学报(自然科学版).2011(03)[6]丛秋波。用于Android手机操作系统的视频引擎[J].电子设计技术。2010(07)[7]王丰,付明栋,冯海亮,施玉海.智能终端图形用户界面设计与实现[J].广播电视信息。2011(08)[8]温敏,艾丽蓉,王志国。Android智能手机系统中文件实时监控的研究与实现[J]。科学技术与工程。2009(07)[9]刘牛.

基于Android平台的数字电视机顶盒模拟器的研究与开发[D]。兰州大学2012[10]王康.

AndroidRIL研究及其在无线通讯模块上的实现[D].太原科技大学2012附录:<?xmlversion=”1。0”encoding="utf-8"?><TableLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height=”wrap_content"android:textSize=”42sp”android:stretchColumns="1"〉<TableRow>〈EditTextandroid:id="@+id/result”android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height=”wrap_content”android:background="@android:drawable/editbox_background"android:layout_span="4"android:textSize="48sp"android:gravity="right|center_vertical"android:cursorVisible="false”android:editable=”false"android:lines="1"/>〈/TableRow><TableRowandroid:orientation="horizontal"android:layout_width="fill_parent”android:layout_height=”wrap_content”android:textSize=”42sp"android:layout_weight=”1”〉<Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/num7"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp”android:text=”@string/setText"android:layout_weight="1"/>〈Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/num8”android:layout_width="fill_parent”android:layout_height=”wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp"android:text=”@string/a"android:layout_weight="1"/>〈Buttonandroid:id="@+id/num9"android:layout_width=”fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize=”42sp”android:text=”@string/b”android:layout_weight="1”/><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/divide”android:layout_width=”fill_parent"android:layout_height=”wrap_content"android:textSize=”42sp"android:text="@string/n"android:layout_weight="1"/〉</TableRow〉<TableRowandroid:orientation=”horizontal”android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize=”42sp"android:layout_weight=”1”>〈Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/num4"android:layout_width=”fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content”android:textSize="42sp"android:text=”@string/c"android:layout_weight="1"/〉〈Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/num5”android:layout_width=”fill_parent”android:layout_height=”wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp”android:text="@string/d"android:layout_weight=”1”/〉〈Buttonandroid:id="@+id/num6"android:layout_width=”fill_parent”android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp"android:text="@string/e"android:layout_weight="1"/〉〈Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/multiply"android:layout_width=”fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp”android:text="@string/m"android:layout_weight="1"/〉〈/TableRow>〈TableRowandroid:orientation="horizontal"android:layout_width=”fill_parent”android:layout_height=”wrap_content"android:textSize=”42sp”android:layout_weight="1"〉<Buttonandroid:id="@+id/num1”android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height=”wrap_content"android:textSize=”42sp"android:text=”@string/f”android:layout_weight="1”/>〈Buttonandroid:id="@+id/num2”android:layout_width="fill_parent”android:layout_height="wrap_content”android:textSize="42sp"android:text=”@string/g"android:layout_weight=”1"/〉<Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/num3"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content”android:textSize="42sp”android:text="@string/h"android:layout_weight="1"/>〈Buttonandroid:id="@+id/subtract"android:layout_width=”fill_parent"android:layout_height=”wrap_content”android:textSize=”42sp"android:text="@string/k”android:layout_weight="1"/></TableRow〉<TableRowandroid:orientation="horizontal"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp"android:layout_weight=”1”〉<Buttonandroid:id="@+id/num0”android:layout_width=”fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize=”42sp”android:text=”@string/i"android:layout_weight=”1"/〉<Buttonandroid:id="@+id/point”android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_weight=”1"android:minHeight="48dip"android:text="@string/q"android:textSize="42sp"/>〈Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/add"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp"android:text="@string/j”android:layout_weight="1”/〉<Buttonandroid:id="@+id/equal"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize="42sp"android:text="@string/w"android:layout_weight=”1"/></TableRow><TableRow><Buttonandroid:id=”@+id/clear”android:layout_width=”fill_parent"android:layout_height=”wrap_content”android:textSize=”30sp”android:text=”@string/s"android:layout_span="4”android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"/></TableRow〉〈/TableLayout〉packagecom.example;importandroid.app.Activity;importandroid。os.Bundle;importandroid。view。View;importandroid.view。View.OnClickListener;importandroid.widget。Button;importandroid.widget。EditText;publicclassMainActivityextendsActivity{privateButton[]btnNum=newButton[11];//数值按钮privateButton[]btnCommand=newButton[5];//符号按钮privateEditTexteditText=null;//显示区域privateButtonbtnClear=null;//clear按钮privateStringlastCommand;//用于保存运算符privatebooleanclearFlag;//用于判断是否清空显示区域的值,true需要,false不需要privatebooleanfirstFlag;//用于判断是否是首次输入,true首次,false不是首次privatedoubleresult;//计算结果publicMainActivity(){//初始化各项值result=0;//x的值firstFlag=true;//是首次运算clearFlag=false;//不需要清空lastCommand=”=”;//运算符}@OverridepublicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){super。onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);//获取运算符btnCommand[0]=(Button)findViewById(R。id.add);btnCommand[1]=(Button)findViewById(R。id。subtract);btnCommand[2]=(Button)findViewById(R。id。multiply);btnCommand[3]=(Button)findViewById(R。id.divide);btnCommand[4]=(Button)findViewById(R.id。equal);//获取数字btnNum[0]=(Button)findViewById(R。id。num0);btnNum[1]=(Button)findViewById(R。id.n

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