新人教版英语初二八年级上册知识点

七年级上知识点总复习资料StartUnit1Goodmorning!Goodmorning!早上好！Goodafternoon!下午好！Goodevening!晚上好！其回答都是其本身。Nicetomeetyou!回答是:Nicetomeetyou!或Nicetomeetyou,too!Howdoyoudo?答语仍然是：Howdoyoudo?Howareyou?答语是：Fine./I'mfine./I'mOK.Thanks.Andyou?动词be的一般现在时态:我（I）用am，你（you）用are，is连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数名词用is，复数名词全部都用are。变否定，很简单，在be后把not加。变一般疑问句，把be提句首，句末问号莫丢弃。变特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词加上一般疑问句。StartUnit2What'sthisinEnglish?this“这，这个”指示代词，用来指代距离较近的单个的人或物。反义是that，用来指代距离比较远的单个的人或物。this的复数是these;that的复数是those。含有this/that把this/that提句首，其肯定回答是：Yes,itis.否定回答是：No,itisn't.含有these/those把these/those提句首，其肯定回答是：Yes,theyare.否定回答是：No,theyaren't.in+语言\声音\方式，“用......语言(声音、方式）”例如：inEnglish“用英语”a+辅音音素开头的单词或字母（读音）an+元音音素开头的单词或字母（读音）What'sthisinEnglish?回答是：It'sa/an+可数名词单数。What'retheseinEnglish?回答是：Theyare+可数名词复数或不可数名词。StartUnit3Whatcolorisit?不定冠词a,an的用法:1）表示数量“一”；2）笼统地指某人或某物但不具体说明；3）泛指一类事物；4）表示首次提到的人或物（常用于介绍用语中）。定冠词the的用法:1)特指某（些）人或者事物或双方都知道的人或事物；2）上文提到过的人或物；3）世界上第一无二的事物前，或某一范围内唯一的某事物前。4）某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前。5）一些习惯用语和乐器前。Whatcolorisit?回答是：It's+颜色的形容词。Whatcolorarethey?回答是：Theyare+颜色的形容词。Unit1Myname'sG意为“名字，姓名”。常用词组：1）familyname（=lastname)“姓”2)givenname(=firstname)“名”3)fullname“全名”lookat+宾语“（用眼睛）看，望.......”（做不及物动词）look+adj.(look做系动词）What'syourname?答语有三种形式：1）Mynameis+姓名；2）Iam+姓名；3）直接用姓名。大写字母的应用：每个句子或标题的第一个单词的第一个字母要大写，人的姓名的第一个字母要大写，三个字的名字（单姓）最后一个字的第一个字母则不用大写，且要把名字连在一起写。例如：HanMeimei5、数词分为两类：基数词和序数词。表示“多少”的词为基数词；表示“第几”的词叫序数词。基数词的用法：1）用于表示数字、年龄、日期等。2）用于表示编号。3）表示电话号码。4）表示时刻。What'syour/her/his....telephonenumber?答语是：It's+电话号码。no+单数可数名词=nota/an+单数可数名词人称代词分主格和宾格。主格在句中做主语，宾格在句中做动词或介词的宾语，放在动词或介词的后面。主格有：I,we,you,he,she,it,they.宾格有：me,us,you,him,her,it,them.形容词性物主代词（+其他定语）+名词，如：my(red)penUnit2Isthisyourpencil?介绍放在一起的两样东西时，先介绍的用this,后介绍的用that.把某人介绍给第三者认识时，常用“thisis.....”，this不能换成He或She。打电话时，向对方介绍自己时要用“Thisis.....”。询问对方或确认对方是哪位时，可以说：“Who'sthat?”或“Isthat.....?”Isthis/that.....？肯定回答是：Yes,itis.否定回答是：No,itisn't.Call+某人+at+某人的电话号码。Po.....把.......放进.....Take.....outof......从......拿出.......Asetof......一套，一幅，一串Unit3Thisismysister.thanksfor......因为......而感谢Family“家，家庭，家人”，着重指家庭，家庭成员或家中人口。Home“家”，指同家人共同生活居住的地方，特别强调家里的氛围和环境，不一定含有建筑的意思。是一个带感情色彩的词。House“住宅，房子”，指居住的房屋、建筑物。书信的书写格式：右上地址和日期，先小后大是关键。月日年、日月年，信头上面留空白。称呼写在左靠边，左三左五始正文。中央靠右结束语，下面偏右把名签。Isshe/he.....?肯定回答是：Yes,she/heis.否定回答是：No,she/heisn't.ThephotoofyourfamilyHereismyfamilyphoto!Unit4Where'smybackpack?Whereis/are+某人/某物？回答是：It's/They're+in/on/under等地点介词+地点。Some形容词，“一些”，一般用于肯定句中，也用于表示邀请别人或向别人提出要求时，希望得到肯定回答的委婉的疑问句中。Any用于疑问句和否定句中。名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词又分单数和复数。EQ\o\ac(○,1)一般+s;EQ\o\ac(○,2)以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词+es；EQ\o\ac(○,3)辅音+y,把y变i,再+es.EQ\o\ac(○,4)以-o结尾的，有生命的+es；无生命的+s.注意发音：在清辅音后读[s];以-s,-sh,ch结尾读[Iz];在浊辅音和元音音素后面读[z].onthebed表示物品在床上，bed前要用冠词，或其他限定词，特指在那张床上。inbed表示人躺在床上，bed前无任何限定词。Take....to....把......带去Bring....to....把.....带来Pleasetakethesethingstoyoursister.请把这些东西带给你姐姐。Canyoubringsomethingstoschool?你能带一些东西到学校吗？6、Heneedsmyhelp.7、Doyouneedmyhelp?Unit5Doyouhaveasoccerball?某人+have/has+某物。表示某人拥有某物。一般疑问句是：Do/Does+主语+have+其他？（还可以把have/has提前）肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does.否定回答：No,主语+don't/doesn't.否定句：主语+don't/doesn't+have+其他。Letsb.dosth.肯定回答：OK./Allright./Yes,let's......;否定回答是：Sorry,I......。否定句：Letsb.notdosth.play+球类运动（单数）play+the+乐器名词（单数）Many+可数名词的复数Much+不可数名词Thatsoundsgood.那听起来很好。Watch......onTV在电视上看......Every+可数名词的单数Uint6Doyoulikebananas?主语+like/likes+其他？一般疑问句是：Do/Does+主语+like+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does.否定回答：No,主语+don't/doesn't.否定句：主语+don't/doesn't+like+其他。lotsof=alotof+可数名词复数或不可数名词。（一般用于肯定句中）Havebreakfast/lunch/supper指具体的某次饭时，为可数名词。如：haveaquickbreakfast注意：早中晚饭三餐前不加冠词。runningstar赛跑明星alistoffood食物清单Forbreakfast,Tomlikeseggs,orangesandbananas.Like.....for+某餐“某餐喜欢吃什么？”EQ\o\ac(○,1)like+sth/sbEQ\o\ac(○,2)Liketodosth.EQ\o\ac(○,3)Likedoingsth.HeonlywatchesfootballmatchesonTV.他只在电视上看足球赛。It’sdifficulttostudyEnglishwell.=StudyingEnglishwellisdifficult.=TostudyEnglishwellisdifficult.学好英语是困难的。Unit7Howmucharethesepants?Howmuch用来询问价钱时，意思是“多少钱？”Howmuch+is+the/this/that+可数名词单数？答语是：It's+钱。Howmuch+are+the/these/those+可数名词复数？答语是：They're+钱数。Howmuch和Howmany的区别。二者的意思均是“多少”，用法不同。Howmuch+不可数名词+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语（+谓语）+其他？Howmany+可数名词复数+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语（+谓语）+其他？very+形容词或者副词（不能修饰动词）Verymuch用来修饰动词，做状语，放在被修饰词的后面。4、atagoodprice价钱合理例如：Wehavesweatersataverygoodprice.5、Forgirls,wehaveT-shirtsinred,greenandwhiteforonly18dollars.6、Anyonecanaffordourprices！7、Onsale廉价出售，出售8、Havealookat=lookat看一看，瞧一瞧9、each是代词。Every形容词，其后接可数名词的单数或不可数名词，表示：“每个......”Thegreenshortsareonsaleforonlytwenty-fiveyuan.Unit8Whenisyourbirthday?When+一般疑问句？“什么时候......?”一般疑问句有三种：EQ\o\ac(○,1)以be开头引导的一般疑问句；EQ\o\ac(○,2)以助动词开头引导的一般疑问句；EQ\o\ac(○,3)以情态动词开头引导的一般疑问句。对年龄的提问有：“Howold+be+主语？”或“What'stheageof....？”或“What'sone'sage?”表示顺序的词叫叙述词。序数词的记忆口诀：基变序，有规律，一、二、三要牢记。八去t，九去e。Ve要用f替，-ty改为-tie，后跟-th莫迟疑。若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。名词所有格形式表示有生命的名词与后面名词的所有关系。可分为：一、“名词+'s”所有格：EQ\o\ac(○,1)单数名词后直接加“'s”。如：Tom'spenEQ\o\ac(○,2)以-s结尾的复数名词，之加“'”。如：Teachers'DayEQ\o\ac(○,3)不以-s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“'s”。如：Children'sDayEQ\o\ac(○,4)表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加“'s”。表示两者分别拥有时，要在每个名词后加“'s”。注意：EQ\o\ac(○,1)表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词也可以使用“名词+'s”所有格。EQ\o\ac(○,2)有些名词表示家宅，诊所、商店时，常去掉后面被修饰的词。如：Atthedoctor's在诊所tomyaunt's到我阿姨家二、of所有格：动物和无生命的名词所有格一般使用介词of短语来表示。如;Thenameofhisdogaphotoofmyfamily有时有生命的东西也可以of所有格，可与“名词+'s”所有格替换。如：Thenameoftheboy=theboy'sname英语日期的表示法：（1）英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。（2）用英语表示日期，其顺序为“月+日+年”，日和年之间需用逗号隔开，如：July1st,1997；也可以用“日+月+年”来表示，如：20thDecember,1999（3）月份的读法：两位两位地读。整百后读hundred，整千后读thousand（4）英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，用介词in；若具体到某一天，则需用介词on。（5)1-----12月份的名称可以缩写为前三个字母，但September需缩写为前四个字母。January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月SeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember------Whenisyour/his/her......birthday?------My/His/Her......BirthdayisJunefourth.(注意在此不能用介词）Unit9Doyouwanttogotoamovie?EQ\o\ac(○,1)want+名词；EQ\o\ac(○,2)wanttodosth.；EQ\o\ac(○,3)wantsb.todosth.Kind的用法：EQ\o\ac(○,1)为名词，表示种类；作为形容词，意为“仁慈的，亲切的”EQ\o\ac(○,2)whatkind“何种”，用它对种类提问。EQ\o\ac(○,3)allkindof各种各样的akindof一种differentkindsof不同种类的Kindof=alittle=abit(后接形容词）有点......and表示并列关系；but表示转折关系。Onweekends“在周末”，指每一个周末。Onweekdays“工作日，学习日”，一般指周一至周五。Unit10Canyouplaytheguitar?can+动词原形，它不随主语和数而变化。(1)含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。(2)变一般疑问句时，把can提前：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+can。否定回答：No，主语+can't.(3)含有can的否定句：主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。(4)含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他？may+动词的原形。（may为情态动词）一般疑问句是把may提前，肯定回答是：Yes，主语+may。否定回答是：No，主语+mustn't。或pleasedon't。alittle+不可数名词“少许，少量”（表肯定）Little+不可数名词“几乎没有”（表否定）Afew+可数名词复数“少许，少量”（表肯定）Few+可数名词复数“少许，少量”（表肯定）join+某个组织，俱乐部，party，参军，党派等“加入”Joinsb.“参加到某人中”joinin(doing)sth“加入做......，参加某个活动”Joinin=takepartin+活动，比赛speak+语言6、Play+球、棋、牌；play+the+乐器。7、begoodwith+sb.8、helpsb.(to)dosth.Helpsb.withsth.9、Thenyoucanbeinourschoolmusicfestival.10、MayIknowyourname?11、Iwanttolearnaboutart.12、Whatclubdoyouwanttojoin?Iwanttojointhechessclubandthebasketballclub.13、WhatclubdoesTomwanttojoin?Hewantstojointheswimmingclub.14、Hecan’tplaytheviolinorthepiano.10、Canyouhelpkidswithswimming?15、WhydoyouwanttojointheEnglishclub?BecauseIwanttolearnEnglishwell.Unit11Whattimedoyougotoschool?whattime和when引导的特殊疑问句。(1)对时间提问用whattime，也可以用when。询问钟点时用whattime，询问日期、月份、年份时用when。(2)询问做某事的时间时，两者可以互换。(3)其他询问时间的句子：What'sthetime?现在几点了？MayIhavethetime?可以告诉我几点了吗？Couldyouteelmethetime,please?请告诉我一下时间，好吗?时刻表达法：顺读法和逆读法。(1)顺读法：“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。(2)逆读法：借助介词past或to表示，要先说分再说钟点。A.当分钟不超过30分钟时（包括30分钟），即<或=30，用past表示。其结构为：“分钟+past+整点”意为“几点过几分”。B.当超过30分钟时，即>30，用to表示。其结构为：“所差分钟（即60—所过分钟数）+to+下一个整点”，to译成“差”，差几分钟到几点。C.当分钟为30分钟用half表示，当分钟为15分钟用aquarter。always总是>usually通常>often常常>sometime有时Watch+TV、球赛“观看，观赏”，特指长时间注视。See+电影、医生“看见”，强调看的结果。Look“看”，强调看的动作，look后接宾语时要用介词at。Read+书刊、杂志“阅读”listento+宾语6、Takeashower“淋浴”7、Eatbreakfast吃早餐Goto+地点名词如：gotoschoolgo+地点副词如：gohomeUnit12Myfavoritesubjectisscience.why引导的特殊疑问句，要用because回答。Because后面接一个从句。one'sfavorite+名词favorite=like.....bestBebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事提问星期的方式有：Whatdayisittoday?或Whatdayistoday?回答为：It's.....或Todayis....星期的简写：Sunday—Sun.Monday—Mon.Tuesday—Tues.Wednesday—Wed.Thursday—Thu.Friday—Fri.Saturday—Sat.注意：表示星期的词前通常不用冠词。at+具体某一时刻；in+年/月/季节；on+具体的某日（上午、下午、晚上）7、ShanghaiisthebiggestcityofChina.上海是中国最大的城市。8、Mymotherisstrictwithme.妈妈对我很严格。Ourheadteacherisstrictinherwork.我的班主任对工作严格。一般现在时TheSimplePresentTense七年级上册主要学一般现在时。一般现在时表示现在的状态；表示经常性或习惯性的动作；表示主语具备的性格和能力等。例如：

1、Heistwelve.他十二岁。2、Igotoschoolatseveneveryday.

3、TheyspeakJapanese.一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。如：often,usually,sometimes,always,never,hardlyever等。

1.Ioftenreadbooksintheevening.

2.Dotheyusuallygotoschoolbybike?

3.Hedoesn’tlikemilk.Heneverdrinksit.

4.Sometimesmymothergetsbackatfive.

一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。如：inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening,atnoon,atnight,everyday,onSunday(s),atseven等。

Dotheyhavemathinthemorning?

Shesleepsninehourseverynight.

Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.

Theydon’thaveclassesonSundays.它有三种形式：谓语是be的一般现在时。1、肯定形式是：主语+be+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。2、否定形式是：主语+be+not+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。3、一般疑问句是：Be+主语+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）?肯定回答是：Yes,主语+be.否定回答是：No,主语+be+not.4、特殊疑问句是：特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句?注意：be要随着主语变。谓语是情态动词can/may.....+动词原形的一般现在时。1、肯定形式是：主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+宾语。2、否定形式是：主语+情态动词can/may.....+not+动词原形+宾语。3、一般疑问句是：情态动词can/may.....++动词原形+主语+宾语。肯定回答是：Yes,主语+情态动词.否定回答是：No,主语+情态动词+not.4、特殊疑问句是：特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.....开头的一般疑问句？注意：情态动词can/may.....+动词原形。谓语动词是实义动词及物动词或不及物动词的一般现在时。1、肯定形式是：“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。2、否定形式是：“主语+don't/doesn't+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+don't/doesn't+不及物动词”。3、一般疑问句是：“Do/Does+主语+及物动词原形+宾语”或“Do/Does+主语+不及物动词原形”。肯定回答是：Yes,主语+do/does.否定回答是：No,主语+don't/doesn't.4、特殊疑问句是：特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句？注意：根据主语确定用do还是does。动词第三人称单数的构成：（用于第三人称单数、可数名词的单数和不可数名词的一般现在时中）

1、直接加--s

look—looksread—readsplay—playsstop—stops

2.在字母s,x,ch,sh,o后加--es

miss—missesfix—fixeswatch—watcheswash—washes

go—goesdo--does

3.辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-es

carry–carriesstudy–studieshurry–hurriescry–cries

4.特殊的

have--has七年级下册知识点1. 情态动词can/must/may+动词原形e.g.Imaybealittlelate.2.play+球类e.g.playbadmintonplaythe+乐器3.动名词作定语e.g.theswimmingclub/pooltheirlivinghabitstherunningstareating/studyinghabits4.擅长…begoodat+名词begoodatbasketballbegoodat+动名词begoodatplayingbasketball比较：应付…,善待….begoodwith对…有好处begoodfor5.过去分词短语作定语e.g.Studentswantedforschoolshowthingsmadeofivory6.讲故事tellstories给…讲故事tellstoriestosb.=tellsb.storiestelleachotherstories=tellstoriestoeachother讲故事俱乐部storytellingclub7.Icansinganddance,too.=Icanalsosinganddance.（also的位置：实意动词之前，特殊动词之后）否定句：Ican’tsingordance,either.8.Itis+形容词+（forsb.）+todosth.e.g.Formanystudents,itiseasytogettoschool.ButforonestudentsinonesmallvillageinChina,itisdifficult.(17页)Healsotoldmeitwasimportantnottogonearasnake.(71页出现否定)InChina,itisgettingpopulartohavecakeonyourbirthday.（59页此处get相当于be,是半连系动词）Itistheirdreamtohaveabridge.(17页此处Itis后+名词)Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettoschool?（14页）拓展：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.人spends+时间onsth./(in)doingsth.e.g.Ittookhim3hourstodohishomework.=Hespent3hoursonhishomework.=Hespent3hours(in)doinghishomework9.穿衣服getdressed10.刷牙brushone’steeth注意：名词复数：tooth---teeth/foot---feet(步行onfoot)/mouse---micechild---children11.一份有趣的工作aninterestingjob（表示事物本身“令人感兴趣”，用interesting）对…感兴趣beinterestedinsth./doingsth.（表示人对事物感兴趣，用interested）类似：scary(形容事物“令人感到害怕”，scared形容人对事物感到害怕)12.迟到belatefore.g..Don’tbelateforschool.13.yourbestfriendMy___friendisLiLei.(good)14.副词修饰动词的问题getupearly/eatbreakfastquickly=eataquickbreakfast/eatwell/getthereeasily/playbasketwell/describethesamepersondifferently15.either...or要么。。。要么做作主语时就近原则如EitherheorIamright.EitherIorheisright.16.alotof=lotsof=much(+不可数)/many(+复数)17.到达getto/arriveat+小地方/arrivein+大地方reach+地点注意home/here/there省略介词的问题18.halfpast+基数词……点半aquarterto+基数词差一刻到……点aquarterpast+点钟几点一刻19.in+年/月/morning/afternoon/eveningon+日期/星期几/具体一天的上下午晚上等/morningafternoonevening等有修饰语时例如：onJune1st/onSunday/onthemorningofMay4th/onSundaymorning/onacoldmorning/onarainynightat+点钟固定短语atnoon/night20.health(名词)—healthy(形容词)keephealthy=keepingoodhealth21.one—firsrLet’sgotoseethepandas______(one)22.howlong提问时间段Ittakesmehalfanhourtodomyhomework..—Howlongdoesittakeyoutodoyourhomework.Ｉplayedbasketballforanhour.—Howlongdidyouplaybasketball.23.howfar问距离Itis10kilometersfrommyhometoschool.Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool.24.交通工具转换的问题get/goto+地点bybus/car/train/subway=takethe(a)bus/car/train/subwayrideabiketosp.=go/getto+地点bybikewalkto+地点=go/getto+地点onfoot.25.needsb./sth.todo26.Whatdoyouthinkof/aboutsth?=Howdoyoulikesth.?=Howdoyoufeellikesth?27.an11-yearoldboy28.listentomusic/aCD/theteacher29.listento表动作hear表示结果，听见注意:hearsbdo(经常干，干过的)/doing（正在干）30.祈使句为动词短语或don’t+动词原形Wecan’teatoutonschooldays.改为祈使句为Don’teatonschooldays.YouhavetoreadEnglishinthemorning.改为祈使句ReadEnglishinthemorning.31.have/hasto+原形Shehastostayathomeonrainydays.(该否定句)Shedoesn’thavetostayathomeonrainydays32.toomuch+不可数toomany+复数Toomuch+形容词或副词33.“也”的用法too用于肯定句末either用于否定句末also肯定句中“动前系后”Heisalsoastudent.=Heisastudent,too.Hecansinganddance,too.(否定句)Hecan’tsingordance,either.34.keep+(宾语)+形容词保持某种状态。keephairshort/keepuswarm/keepquiet/35.learntodosth/learnfromsb./learnausefullesson36.bestrictwithsb./bestrictinsth,37.why____becauseIlikepandasbecausetheyarecute(提问)Whydoyoulikepandas?38.wouldlike=wantwant+sth.want(sb.)todosth.want(sb.)tobe+职业名词或形容词如：wanttobe/ateacher/thin/heathystudentswanted招聘学生39.kindsof+名词种类kindof=alittle+形容词有点40.提建议What/Howaboutdoingsth?=Whydon’tyoudosth?=Whynotdosth?=Let’sdosth.41.befriendly/kind/goodtosb.42.asymboloflonglife43.placeswithfoodandwaterahousewithasmallgardennoodleswithtomatoes=tomatonoodlesagirlwithbigeyes44.bemadeof/thingsmadeofivory45.oneof+复数oneofthestudents46.anyother+单数anyothernight47.other+复数otherstudents48.Isn’the...?回答根据事实回答如Isn’theJim?是Jim就用Yes，heis.不是就用No，heisn’t/49.talkonthephone打电话50.beinourschoolmusicfestival加入我们的学校音乐节joinmefordinner=eat/havedinerwithme51.现在进行时1）定义：表示现在正在进行的动作或近一段时期一直进行的动作2）公式：主语+am/is/are+现在分词3）判断标志now=atpresent=atthemomentrightnowthesedaysLook!/Listen!/bequiet等引起注意的词Itis+点钟，紧跟的句子用进行时4）现在分词的构成一般情况ing;以不发音e结尾的去e加ing;一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节双写该字母加ing52.一般现在时1）定义：经常性习惯性的动作2）公式：主语+原形/单三3）判断标志：inthemorning/afternoon/eveningeveryday/month/year...频度副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimesneverthreetimesaweek等53.注意一般现在时语进行时之间的转换如：Heisdoinghishomeworknow.(用everyday替换now)Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.54.一般过去时态1)定义：表示过去发生的动作，过去经常干的事。2)公式：主语+动词过去式+其他3)判断标志：（1）yesterdaymorning/afternoonevening/thedaybeforeyesterday（2）lastnight/week/month/year/Monday..（3）时间段+ago如：twodays/weeks/months/yearsago（4）justnowthismorning（5）in1983/inJune,19934)句型转换句型转换：过疑did,否didn’t.Hedidhishomeworklastnight.变一般疑问：Didhedohishomeworklastnight?变否定句：Hedidn’tdohishomeworklastnight.对dohishomework划线提问：Whatdidhedolastnight?54.whattimeisit?=whatisthetime55.few+复数(几乎没有，表否定意义)afew+复数（有些但是不多，somebutnotmany）little+不可数（几乎没有，表否定意义）alittle+不可数（有一些但是不，somebutnotmuch）56another+单数另外一个，表示不确指。other+复数别的什么东西anyother+单数任何别的东西one�6�7�6�7theother一个，（剩下的）另一个如：Hehastwochildren.Oneisaboy,theotherisagirl.some�6�7�6�7others一些�6�7�6�7另一些some�6�7�6�7theothers一些�6�7�6�7（剩下的）另一些57.likedoing/todolike�6�7�6�7alot十分喜欢58.wishtodo(wishtoeathismother’sdeliciouszongzi)59.studyforatest准备测验60.名词+y表示天气的形容词sun---sunnycloud---cloudywind---windyrain----rainysnow---snowy61what’stheweatherlike?=How’stheweather?Whatwastheweatherlike?=Howwastheweather?62.haveagoodtimedoing=havefundoing=enjoyoneself63.take/leaveamessageforsb.64.tell/ask/hemountains68.justrightforwalking69.介词+doingdowellinbegoodatbebadforbelateforthanksforhelpsb.withthinkaboutthinkofbeinterestedin=takeaninterestinhow/whatabout80.国家、国人(的)问题。ChinaChineseJapanJapaneseAmerica/USAAmericanCanadaCanadianAustraliaAustralianRussiaRussianFranceFrench/FrenchmanEngland?theUKEnglishman81.nearhere=aroundhere/intheneighborhood82.acrossfrom/nextto/infrontof/behind/on/under/between..and/ontheright(left)83.cross/across/crossing84.watchsb.doing（watchthemonkeysclimbingaround85.花费86.take(took)Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.87.spend(spent)Sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth.Sb.spendsometime/moneydoingsth.88.pay(paid)Sb.paysomemoneyforsth.89.eg.Ittookmehalfanhourtodomyhomeworklastnight=Ispenthalfanhouronmyhomework./doingmyhomeworklastnight.90.Ispent10yuanon/buyingthebook.91.=Ipaid10yuanforthebook.92.go+doing93.goshopping/fishing/camping/skating/boating/climbing/hiking94.beofmediumheight/build95.belike(像,侧重性格)96.looklike(看起来像，外貌上)97.therebe(某地有某物)（注意掌握就近原则）98.have(什么人有)99.be+形容词/havehas+名词注意区别100.穿之种种puton表示动作wear表状态wearglasses/hats/schooluniforms/jeansbein+颜色/服装表状态dress+人eg.dressthebaby/dressoneselfgetdressed101.get短语总结getdressed/popular/cloudy/to+地点/aterriblesurprise/noisy/lost/up/102.art/artistteach/teachermusic/musicianclean/cleanercrime/criminalact/actor(actress)103.putitonTV/innewspaperstofindhim104.different/differently/differencebedifferentfrom/describethesamepersondifferently/thedifferencebetweenAandB105.potatoes/tomatoesradios/photos106.名词做定语变复数的问题menteachers/womendoctors/appletrees/tomatonoodles=noodleswithtomatoes107.alarge/medium/smallbowlof108.whatsize(s)/kindof提问109.some/something变否定句一般疑问句变为any/anything但希望得到肯定回答的除外如Wouldyoulikesomewater?110.aroundtheworld/China=acrosstheworld/China=allovertheworld/China111.thenumberof(……数目)anumberof(许多)112.makeawishmakefriendswithsb.makeone’sbedmakesoup/dinner/rules/asnowmanbemadeofmakeamodelrobotmakesb.domakesth.+形容词113.blowout114.cutup切碎/cutdown砍倒115.beshortof116.不规则动词表117.eout119.takethemhome120.goonvacation121.teachsbtodosth.122.buy-boughtbuysb.sth.=buysth.tosb.123.excited/excitingbored/boringinterested/interesting124.everything/everyone/something/somebody/anybody/anything/nobody等不定代词定语后置做主语时后加单数动词如：somethingimportant(一些重要的东西)Nobodyknowsme.Everyoneishere.125.not...atall一点也不，根本不126.allinall总之127.playbadminton128.动名词做定语的问题livingroom/runningstar/eatinghabits/studyinghabitsstorytellingclubEnglish-speakingcountriesswimmingpool/club129.stayuplatetowatchTV130.workas+职业=be+职业131.runaway逃跑，跑开132.基数词/序数词问题Heiseight,todayishiseighthbirthday.Thereareninefloors.HelivesontheninthfloorTherearetwelvemonthsDecemberisthetwelfthmonth133.shoutat/to134.finish/havefun/haveagoodtime/enjoy/practice+doing135.putupatent搭建帐篷136.lookoutof向外看137.make/letsb.do让、使某人干某事138.see/watch/hearsbdo/doing139.ausefullesson140.jumpupanddown141.关联词because/so弄清意思j只用一个though/but弄清意思只用一个and肯定句or否定句142wakeup1）叫醒某人注意代词放中间如：wakemeup2)自己醒来Ioftenwakeupatsix.八年级上册知识点清理Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation？1，一般过去时基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他；否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原动词；一般疑问句：①Was/Were+主语+其他？②Did+主语+动词原形+其他？2，动词过去式规则变化：直接加ed；以不发音e结尾的单词，直接加d；以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed；以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed；以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed不规则变化的动词过去式（见书本最后一页）3，goonvacation去度假beonvacation在度假4，anyone任何人，只用于指人，一般用在否定句、疑问句中，后面不接of短语。做主语时位于动词用单数。Eg：Isthereanyoneathome？anyone任何一个，指人或物，后面接of短语。Eg：Youcantakeanyoneofthesebooks.5，adj修饰不定代词后置anythingspecialsomethingimportantenough作adv，修饰adj/adv后置oldenoughfastenoughelse作adj，修饰疑问代词和不定代词后置whatelsewhoelsesomethingelse6，quiteafew/little相当多7，How/whatabout+V-ing/n/代词…怎么样？（表建议、询问）8，moststudents=mostofthestudents“oneof+themost+adj+n复数”表示“最…之一”Eg：HeisoneofthemostfamouswritersinChina.Amost+adj+n非常Eg：Hangzhouisamostbeautifulcity.9，buy/getsbsth=buy/getsthforsb10，whatdoyouthinkof/about…？=howdoyoulike…？你认为…怎么样？11，havefun，enjoyoneself，haveagood/great/wonderfultime+V-ing,12，主语+seem+（tobe）+表语（n/adj）eg：Tomseemstobeasmartboy/happy.Itseemsthat从句eg：Itseemsthatheunderstand.主语+seemtodostheg：Heseemstounderstand.13，adj以-ing结尾“令人…的”exciting，interesting，relaxing，boring以-ed结尾“人感到…的”excited，interested，relaxed，bored14，询问价格：Howmuchis…?What’sthepriceof…?表示价格高低：…beexpensive/cheapThepriceof…ishigh/low15，getto,arrivein/at,reach,到达（如果后面接地点的副词home，here或there,就不用介词in,at,to）16，decide（not）tododecidethat从句decide+疑问词+不定式17，try（not）todosth尽力trydoingsth尝试try/doone’sbesttodosthtryiton试穿（动副结构）tryout试验haveatry试一试18，feellike感觉像feellikedoingsth/wanttodosth/wouldliketodosth19，alotof=lotsof=plentyof20，inthepast在过去21，enjoy/likedoing22，感叹句：How+adj+主谓！How+adj+a/an+n单+主谓！What+a/an+adj+n单+主谓！What+adj+n复/不可数+主谓！23，morethan=over超过lessthan少于moreorless或多或少24，waitfor等待25，toomany“太多”修饰可数名词复数toomuch“太多”修饰不可数名词muchtoo“实在太”修饰形容词或副词26，because+从句becauseof+n/V-ing/代词27，enough作adj修饰n，enoughtimeenoughmoneyhaveenough…todostheg：Ihaveenoughtimetofinishthework.enough作adv修饰adj/advoldenoughfastenough…enoughforsbtodostheg：Thejobiseasyenoughformetodo.not…enoughtodoThebookisn’teasyenoughformetoread.too…to…Thebookistoodifficultformetoread.so…that…ThebookissodifficultthatIcan’tread.28，thenextday第二天29，remember/forget+todo要做+doing做过30，Stopsbfromdoingsth阻止Stoptodo停下来去做其他事Stopdoing停止正在做的事31，anothertwohours=twomorehours32，atthetopof在…顶端，名列…之前强调点onthetopof在…上面强调面33，findout查明，弄清find找到（结果）lookfor寻找（过程）34，goonwith/doingsth继续原来的事goontodosth继续做别的事35，so+adj+that+结果状语从句“如此……以致……”eg：IwassobusythatIdidn’tgotosleepfor3days.sothat引导目的状语从句，以便，为了（inorderto）eg：theygotupearlysothattheycouldcatchtheearlybus.so+adj+（a/an+n单数）thatItissoimportantameetingthatIcan’tmissit.such+a/an+adj+n单数+thatItissuchanimportantmeetingthatIcan’tmissit.such+adj+n复数/不可数+thatUnit2Howoftendoyouexercise？1，How如何（方式）howlong多长（时间）答语常用“（For/about+）时间段”howfar多远（距离）答语常用“（It’s+）数词+miles/meters/kilometers”howoften多久一次（频率）答语常用“Always/often/everyday/…”或“次数+时间”等表频率的状语Howsoon多快，多久以后，常用在将来时中。答语常用“in+时间段”howmany多少（接可数名词）howmuch（接不可数名词）2，exercise作v锻炼，运动作[c]操，练习domorning/eyeexercises作[uc]锻炼takemuch/moreexercise3，at+钟点at7o’clockatnoon/atnight（during/intheday）atthis/thattimeattheageofon+具体某天、星期、特指的一天、纪念日、节日onApril1stonSundayonacoldwintermorningonTeachers’Dayin+上午、下午、晚上、年、月、季节、年代、世纪inthemorning/afternoon/eveningin1999inAugustinautumnin1960sinthe21stcentury4，helpsb（to）dosthhelpsbwithsthwithsb’shelp=withthehelpofsb5，do（the）housework=dochores6，频度副词（行前be后）Alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardlynever7，sometimes有时（频度副词）sometime（将来）有朝一日，（曾经）某天Sometimes几次，几倍sometime一段时间（前面用介词for）8，goshopping=dosomeshopping9，oncetwicethreetimes10，atonce，rightnow，rightaway，inaminute，inamoment，innotime立刻，马上oncemore再一次，重新onceuponatime从前，曾经11，everyday每天everyday日常的，每天的12，ontheinternet13，what’syourfavoriteprogram？=whatprogramdoyoulikebest？14，free空闲的inone’sfreetimebefree自由的asfreeasafishfreedomn.自由免费的Thebestthingsinlifearefree.15，befull=bebusy忙的bebusydoingsth/bebusywithsthbefullof充满eg：Thebottleisfullofmilk.16，Howcome？怎么会？为什么？17，maybe为情态动词+动词原形，在句子中做谓语，maybe是副词，表示可能，大概，一般放在句首(perhaps)。18，stayupdoingsth熬夜做某事19，stay/keephealthybeingood/bad/poorhealthbegood/badforone’shealth20，atleast=nolessthanatmost=nomorethan21，asksbaboutsthasksb（not）todosthasksbforhelp/advice/information22，theresultof…的结果asaresult结果23，besurprisedthat/besurprisedat/besurprisedtodo对…很惊讶Toone’ssurprise另某人惊讶的是insurprise惊讶地24，theanswertothequestion，akeytothedoor，atickettotheballgame25，although=though（与but不能连用）Eventhough/if即使，尽管asthough/if仿佛，好像26，by介词+n/v-ing/代词通过…方式byoneself独自地bytheway顺便问/说一下bychance/accident偶然地bymistake错误地learnbyheart记住27，thebestway/timetodo做某事最好的方式/时间28，4个花费：人+spend/spends/spent+时间/钱+（in）doingsth/onsthspendtimewithsb人+pay/pays/paid+钱+forsthIttakes/tooksb+时间+todosth物+cost/costs/cost+sb+钱29，diev.死亡，消失died过去式deadadj死亡的，无生命的deaddoghave/hasbeendeadfor…=died…agodyingadj垂死的，快死的deathn死亡thedeathof…30，beforeit’stoolate趁来得及31，“数字+percentof+n”作主语，谓