高中英语情态动词详解及练习

3/33/33/3高中英语情态动词详解1.表示请求和允许:can,could,may,

might.过去式使语气更委婉,答语应用原形。

CouldIuseyourcomputertomorrowmorning?Yes,youcan.(否认答复可用：No,I’mafraidnot.)2．表示推测：理论可能性can

可能性肯定句must,may,might,could疑问句can否认句can’t(不可能),maynot(可能不)1)can表示理论上的可能性,指某事或情况可能发生,但并不说明实际上真的发生.

Childrencanbeverytiring.

2)对现在事情的推测：

情态动词+do对过去事情的推测：

情态动词+havedone对已完成事情的推测：情态动词+havedone3)反意问句：

Hemayknowtheplan,doesn’the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishbefore,haven’tyou?Youcan’thavebeencaughtintherainlastnight,wereyou?3．can&beableto

在肯定句中can表示有“能力〞做,beableto表示通过想方法/努力等而能够做成了某一件事,相当于managedtodo…或succeededindoingsth.

Birdscanfly.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout.4.may/mightaswelldosth

“还是…好〞、“不妨〞Youmightaswelltellmethetruth.你还是把真相告诉我的好。5.must和haveto

1)must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而haveto强调客观需要。2〕否认形式含义不同。mustn’t禁止,不许可,don’thaveto不必3)must偏要〔做令人不快的事〕eg.Mustyoushoutsoloudly?6.shall和should1)

表示说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示,用于第一、三人称。

Whenshallmyfatherbeabletoleavehospital?Shall

2)用于第一、三人称2)用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁以及说话人的决心。Youshallgowithme(命令)

/YoushallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.33〔允诺〕Heshallbepunished〔威胁〕/Nothingshallstopmefromdoingit.(决心)3)规定〔在条约、规那么、法律〕

1)

表示劝告和建议“应该〞2)“按道理应当〞“估计〞(=oughtto)Theyshouldbetherebynow,Ithink.3〕用于第一人称表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。Ishouldadviseyounotdothat.我倒是劝你别这样做。4〕在条件句中表示“万一〞,主句不一定用虚拟语气。AskTomtoringmeupifyoushouldseehim./ShouldIbefreetomorrow,I’llcome.5〕〔Why/How+〕should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外、惊异等意思,意为“竟然〞,也用在某些从句中。

Itseemssounfairthatthisshouldhappentome.这种事竟然发生在我身上真不公平。7.will和would1)

表示意志和意愿。will指现在,would指过去。Ifyouwilllistentome,I’llgiveyousomeadvice.2)

表示请求、建议,would比will委婉、客气。Will(Would)youpleasepassmethebook?3)

表示习惯性动作,“总是〞“惯于〞,will指现在,would指过去。Fishwilldiewithoutwater.Everyevening,shewouldsitbythewindow,deepinthought.4).表示功能,意为“能〞或“行〞

Themachinewon’twork.5)表示预料或猜测。Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.猜测他离开家时大约十点。

8.would&usedto1)

表示过去持续的状态和情况用usedto;would不与表示状态的动词连用。Thereusedtobeahospitalhere./Therewouldbeahospitalhere.(×)2)

would常与often,sometimes,forhours等表示时间的副词〔短语〕连用。Wewouldsitintheyardeveryeveningandlistenedtohisstory.3)

usedto强调过去的行为同现在的比照,含有“过去怎样,而现在却不这样了〞的含义.eg.

Hewillnotspendthemoneyonbooksasheusedto.9.dare和need两者作为情态动词都不用于肯定句,常用于否认句、疑问句和条件从句中。习惯用语Idaresay〔可能,或许,我揣测〕除外。实义动词用法同于一般动词。但在否认句中,dare后的to可省略,即：don’t/doesn’tdare

(to)do….need作为实义动词时,用在否认句中时,其后的to不能省略。Hedaregotherealone.(×)

Hedarestogothere.Hedaresnotgotherealone.(×)

Hedarenotgotherealone./Hedoesn’tdare

(to)gotherealone.Hestoodtherewithoutdaringlifthishead.(×)

Hestoodtherewithoutdaringtolifthishead.10．情态动词+havedone,表示过去比拟：情态动词+do,表示现在或将来。needn’thavedone&didn’tneedtodo…Sheneednothavecomeyesterday.她昨天本不必要来的。〔但却来了〕Shedidn’tneedtocomeyesterday.

她昨天不必来。〔实际上也没来〕【各个击破】1.Ilivedwithmysisterthissummeranddidn’thavetopayrent.SoI____savemysalary.

A.could

B.would

C.wasableto

D.should2.Look,John’sfallenasleep.Oh,he______toolatelastnight.

A.mightsitup

b.shouldhavesatup

c.couldsitup

D.musthavesatup3.OnSundayswhenIwasachild,FatherandI____getupearlyandgofishing.

A.could

B.would

C.might

D.should

4.ManypeopleinEnglandlovetogiveadviceonweatherreporting.

Yes,butIthinktheweatheroffice’scomputers___bemoreaccurate.(精确的)

A.can

B.must

C.oughtto

D.might5.AreyoustillgoingtoShanghaifortheSpringFestival?

Yes,butIreally____becauseIhavealotofthingstodealwith.

A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.won’t

D.shouldn’t6.–Well,Iforgottobringmydictionaryhereyesterday.

--Actuallyyou____ithere.Youwerenotallowedtouseit.A.needn’tbring

B.needn’thavebrought

C.didn’tneedtobring

D.don’thavetobring7.ShallIbookthetableforthedinner?

Yes,you____.Therestaurantisalwaysfullofpeople.

A.can

B.will

C.must

d.need8.Thepoorboy____thetestagain;inthatcase,hismotherwillbeverydisappointed.

A.musthavefailed

B.mightfail

C.couldhavefailed

D.shouldfail9.Why____itrainnow?I___gototheconcertat7.

Whatapity!A.can;mightnot

B.should;needn’t

C.must;can’t

D.need;mustn’t10.--Weneedsomefreshair,butthewindow

open.

--_____Ihelpyou?A.didn't;Will

B.shan't;

Need

C.mustn't;May

D.won't;Shall11.--Whatdoyouthinkofyournephew?

--He

beverynaughtybutatthesametimeyou__helplikinghim.

A.will;will

B.won’t;can’t

C.may;may

D.can;can’t12.Itwasnotpossiblethatshe____godown,stepbystepdowntheunexpectedstairsintothedarkbelow.

A.shoulddare

B.shoulddareto

C.mustdare

D.mustdareto13.IamtoldthatJohnhadanothercaraccidentthismorning.

Ibelievenot.He____socareless.A.shouldn’thavebeen

B.wouldn’thavebeen

C.couldn’thavebeen

D.mustn’thavebeen14.Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice.

____,butwhocaredwhatIsaid?A.SoIought

B.SooughtI

C.SoIdid

D.SodidI15．Writetomewhenyougethome.

--______.A.Imust

B.Ishould

C.Iwill

D.Ican16.Shutyourmouth.Nothing___stopmeonceIhavemadeupmymind.

A.will

B