最新高考英语阅读理解社会文化解题技巧讲解及练习题含答案

最新高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类.阅读理解TherearelotsofwaystoeducateyourselfontheInternet.Youcanfindphotos,documents,andfilmsonalmostanytopicyoucanimagine.Andat,youcanaccesslecturesbyartists,scholars,designers,techniciansandothers.ExplorethespiritandwisdomofyouthTALKS.IMTEnVJE.W€.AHOHOHE.■TEDbeganin1984asaconferencethatbroughttogetherindividualsfromthefieldsoftechnology,entertainmentanddesign.Itwasintendedtobeaone-timeeventfocusingontechnologyanddesign.Theeventendeduplosingmoney,anditwassixyearsbeforethefounderstrieditagain.Thistimeitworked,andsince1990,theTEDconferencehasbeenanannualevent.Therearenowtwoheldeveryyear,withtopicsasdiverseasmusic,medicine,andmoney.Otherspecializedspin-offconferencesaddressnarrowerissues.TheTEDwebsitecamefromadesiretosharetheconferenceswiththeworld,to"offerfreeknowledgefromtheworld'smostinspiredthinkers,"asthewebsiteputsit.ThecurrentversionofthesitewaslaunchedinApril2007,andcontainsvideosoftalksgivenattheTEDconferencesaroundtheworld.Thetalksaretranscribedintohundredsoflanguages.TheTEDwebsiteisownedbytheSaplingFoundation,anonprofitdevotedtofosteringthespreadofgreatideas.TheSaplingfoundationacquiredTEDin2001.Sincethen,ithasbeenfocusingonusingTEDtobroadcastideasthatmightchangetheworld.TED,ofcourse,isn'timmunetocriticism.It'sbeencalledelitist(精英)foritshighticketprices(morethan6,000dollarstotal).It'sbeenaccusedbyafewpeopleofcensorshipfornotpublishingtheirtalks.Onecontroversialspeakerwasupsetaboutbeingcriticizedbytheconference'shostafterward.Thecomplaints,however,seemtoberelativelyfewforsuchalarge,long-runningorganization.AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'swebsite.Whateveritsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?A.ThecaseagainstTEDB.What'sonTEDtoday.C.Prosandconsof.D.WhatisTEDWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.TheTEDconferencecameafterthesuccessof.B.TwoTEDconferencesarenowheldeveryyear.C.TEDtalksareavailableinmanylanguages.D.TheSaplingFoundationowns.Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,wecaninferthat.A.itisacceptedtoallinvolvedthatsomeTEDtalksmightnotbepublishedB.thehostoftheconferenceisonewhoplaysasupportiveroletothespeakersC.TEDiscriticizedforgivingspecialtreatmenttothewealthyorpowerfulD.thenegativecommentsonTEDgreatlyaffectsitsreputationThisauthorprobablybelievesthat.A.TEDiselitistB.TEDisbeneficialC.TEDisn'timportantD.TEDisthebestwebsite【答案】(1)DA(3)C(4)B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。(1)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Andat,youcanaccesslecturesbyartists,scholars,designers,techniciansandothers/在,你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。以及以下几个段落的内容，可知这篇文章的主题是“TED是什么〃，故选D。(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“TheTEDwebsitecamefromadesiretosharetheconferenceswiththeworld,to/offerfreeknowledgefromtheworld'smostinspiredthinkers,,asthewebsiteputsit.〃TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是‘向世界上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识〃。可知，“TED大会是在网站成功之后召开的〃这种表述错误，故选A。(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“TED,ofcourse,isn'timmunetocriticism.It'sbeencalledelitist(精英)fohtshighticketprices.〃当然，TED也免不了受到批评。它因其高昂的票价被称为精英主义；以及最后一段中的“AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'swebsite.〃而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义的指责就显得空洞了。可推断出，TED因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇而受到批评，故选C。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Whateve门tsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.〃不管它的缺点是什么，TED都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞人心的信息来源。可推断出，这位作者可能认为TED是有益的，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Althoughnotasmuchasinthepast,grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo(纳瓦霍人)youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage.Theparentsgrantthemtheprivilegeofteachingthechildren,andthegrandparentstakegreatprideinraisingthechildrenoratleasthavingabigpartinraisingthem.Youngchildrenoftenstaywiththeirgrandparentsforyearsatatimedevelopingacloseandtrustingrelationship.ThegrandparentsteachthechildrenNavajolegendsandtheprincipleoflife,emphasizingbothnewculturetrendsandthepreservationoftraditions.Thegrandparentsarealsooftentheleadingfiguresinteachingtheyouththeartsofweaving,caringforthelivestock,usingherbalmedicine,andotherartsandcrafts.Thechildrenaretaughttorespecttheirelders,tocareforthem,tohelpthemwhenevertheyareinneed,andtolearnfromthem.Youngpeopleareurgedtolistenwithcaretothewordsoftheireldersandtokeepasmuchwisdomaspossible.Grandparentsoftengotosocialgatheringsandtraditionalevents,andtheyounghaveopportunitiestolearnmoreabouttheircultureandtraditions.Ilivewithmygrandmotherforthirteenyears,andsheraisedmeintheoldwaysofourpeople.AlthoughIwasgoingtoschool,shetaughtmeasmuchasshecouldaboutourtraditions.Shewasabeautifulwoman.IfIhadachance,Iwouldlistenagaintoherwiseteachings,expressedwithkindnessinasoftvoicethattouchedmyheart.Weusedtoplantcornandpumpkineverysummer.Theynevergrewbigenoughtofeedus,butweplantedthemanyway.Iaskedmygrandmotherwhy.Shesaid,"Grandson,ourplantswillbefarmorebeautifulthantheflowersoutsidethefence."IdidnotunderstanduntilonedayIsawtheirbeautyasIwascomingoverthehillwithher.Shesaid,"Anythingthatisapartofyouisalwaysfarmorebeautifulthanthethingswhichyoupassby."Wehadsomebeautifulyearstogether.IamgladsheisapartofmeandIamapartofher.Childrenusedtobewelldisciplined,possessingmorerespectforculture,tradition,andbeliefsthantheydonow.TheworldoftheNavajohasbeeninfluencedbythewesternworld,andthegrandparentshavelesscontrolandinfluencethantheyusedto.Buttheyoungpeoplewhohavebeentouchedbytheirteachingshaveglimpsedawayoflifebeyondwhatmostpeopleknowtoday.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?Parentshatetotakethetroubletoraisechildren.SchoolsarenotverypopularwiththeNavajoyouth.Grandparentsareusuallyunwillingtoteachtheirgrandchildren.Childrenlearnaboutthemeaningoflifefromtheirgrandchildren.Whydidtheauthor'sgrandmotherplantcornandpumpkin?Becauseshehatedwildflowers.Becausesheneededtofeedherfamily.Becauseshetriedtomakeherfencemorebeautiful.Becauseshewantedhergrandsontolearnalifelesson.What'stheauthor'sopinionaccordingtothepassage?Grandparentsarethesourceoftraditionalculture.Hisgrandmother'steachingcouldreplaceschooling.ThewesternworldishardlyinfluencedbytheNavajos.Itisimpossibletogetgrandparentsinvolvedinteachingagain.What'sthepurposeofthearticle?Tohonortheauthor'sgrandmother.TosharewithreadersaNavajoculture.ToemphasizethegreatnessofNavajo.TointroducethedevelopmentofNavajotribes.【答案】（1）DDAB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母来教育孙子辈，让他们学到生活中的道理。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo纳瓦霍人）youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage."可知，祖父母们是年轻人的老师，使年轻人在很小的时候就认识生活。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"Grandson,ourplantswillbefarmorebeautifulthantheflowersoutsidethefence."以及"Anythingthatisapartofyouisalwaysfarmorebeautifulthanthethingswhichyoupassby."可知，祖母种植玉米和南瓜是为了让作者明白一个生活的道理：任何属于你的东西，总是比你路过的东西更美。从而推断出祖母是想让她的孙子学到人生的一课。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。第一段提出“纳瓦霍人的孙子辈主要由祖父母来教育，他们在抚养孩子方面起了很大的作用〃，接着对此进行了详细的介绍。最后一段“那些被他们的祖父母教导所感动的年轻人，已经发找到了一种大多数人今天所不知道的生活方式〃。由此可推断出本文主要介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母们教育孙子辈，让他们认识生活，学到其中的道理。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的"grandparentsaretheteachersoftheNavajo（纳瓦霍人）youth.Theymakeyoungpeopleawareoflifeatanearlyage."纳瓦霍人的祖父母们成为年轻一代人的老师，在教育孙子辈起着重要的作用。是主旨句，接着下文较为详细地介绍了纳瓦霍人的这种文化。由此可推断出作者是与读者分享一种纳瓦霍人的文化。由选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。It'snotunusualtoseeanunreasonablechildlyingonthegrounddrumminghisheels.Besidehimisadesperatemotheryellingatthetopofherlungs.Raisingawell-behavedkidisreallyahead-scratchingthing.Ifyoutookalltheparentingstylesaroundtheworldandrankedthembytheirgentleness,the

Inuit(因纽特人)approachwouldcertainlyranknearthetop.Allthemomsmentiononegoldenrole:Don'tshoutoryellatsmallchildren.Inuit'sno-yellingpolicyistheircentralcomponenttoraisingcool-headedkids.Thecultureviewsscolding,orevenspeakingtochildreninallangryvoice,asinappropriate,althoughlittlekidsarepushingparents'buttons.Playful"storytelling"isanothertricktosculptingkids'behavior.Butthisstorytellingdiffershugelyfromthosefairytalesfullofmorallessons.Parents"retell"whathappenedwhenaboythrewatantrum(发脾气)bywayofwhatShakespearewouldunderstandalltoowell:puttingona"drama".Afterthechildhascalmeddown,theparentswillreviewwhathappenedwhenthechildmisbehaved,usuallystartingwithaquestion:"Canyoushowushowtothrowatantrum?"Thenthechildhastothinkwhatheshoulddo.Ifhetakesthebaitandperformstheaction,themomwillaskafollow-upquestionwithaplayfultone.Forexample:"Doesthatseemright?"or"Areyouababy?"Sheisgettingacrosstheideathat"bigboys"won'tthrowatantrum.Kids'brainsarestilldevelopingthecircuitryneededforself-control.Whatyoudoinresponsetoyourchildren'semotionsshapestheirbrains.Sonexttime,seeingyourboymisbehave,tryusingtheInuit'sstorytellingapproach.Anddon'tforgettokeepcool.Afterall,boyswillbeboys.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"pushingparents'buttons"underlinedinParagraph2?A.Talkingwithparents. B.Playingwithparents'buttons.C.Exposingparents'faults. D.Makingparentsannoyed.WhatdoweknowaboutInuit's"storytelling"?A.Itaimsatplayingatrickonkids. B.Itraiseskids'awarenessofmorality.C.Itcomesafterachildmisbehaves. D.ItanalyzesShakespeare'sdramas.What'stheauthor'sattitudetochildren'smisbehavior?A.CautiousB.TolerantC.UncaringD.SkepticalA.CautiousB.TolerantC.UncaringD.SkepticalWhat'sthemainideaofthetext?Inuit'sapproachtoparenting.C.Causesofchildren'smisbehavior.Inuit'sapproachtoparenting.C.Causesofchildren'smisbehavior.【答案】(1)D(2)CValuesofreadingliteraryworks.D.Parents'responsesto"storytelling".(3)B(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，因纽特人教育孩子的方式最温柔，介绍了因纽特人教育孩子的黄金规则“不对小孩叫喊〃以及他们塑造孩子行为的一种方式“讲故事〃，让我们时刻记住孩子做错事的时候要保持冷静。(1)考查词义猜测。划线词组所在句子为让步状语从句，"although(即使)"前后句是相反关系。句意为：这种文化认为训斥孩子，或者以生气的口吻对孩子说话都是不合适的，即使小孩子让家长生气的时候也是这样。故选D。(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Parents"retell"whathappenedwhenaboythrewatantrum(发脾气)bywayof…"可知，家长讲述的是小男孩发脾气时所发生的事情。也就是说故事内容就是小孩子做错的事情。故选C。(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Anddon'tforgettokeepcool.Afterall,boyswillbeboys.不要忘记保持冷静。毕竟，孩子就是孩子。”可知，作者认为小孩子犯错时，家长要宽容孩子的错误，不能对孩子要求太高。故选B。(4)考查主旨大意。文章主要通过讲述因纽特人温柔地教育孩子的方式，让我们对如何教育孩子有所启发。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。.阅读理解Academiclearningisusuallyinthespotlightatschool,butteachingelementary-agestudents“soft”skillslikeself-controlandhowtogetalongwithothersmighthelptokeepat-riskkidsoutofcriminaltroubleinthefuture.OnceaprogramcalledFastTrackwasstartedintheearly1990sformorethan7,600childrenof55schoolsinAmerica.Theywereidentifiedbytheirteachersandparentstobeathighriskfordevelopingaggressivebehavioralproblems.Thestudentswererandomlydividedintotwogroups;halftookpartintheintervention,whichincludedateacher-ledcurriculum,parenttraininggroups,academictutoringandlessonsinself-controlandsocialskills.Theprogram,whichlastedfromfirstgradethrough10thgrade,reduceddelinquency(少年犯罪)，arrestsanduseofhealthandmentalhealthservicesasthestudentsagedthroughadolescenceandyoungadulthood.Inanotherlateststudy,bylookingatthedatafromnearly900studentsinpreviousfindings,researchersfoundthataboutathirdoftheinfluenceonfuturecrimeoutcomeswasduetothesocialandself-regulationskillsthestudentslearnedfromages6to11.Theacademicskills,orhardskillslikelearningofphysics,whichweretaughtaspartofFastTrack,turnedouttohavelessofaninfluenceoncrimeanddelinquencyratesthandidthesoftskills,whichareassociatedwithemotional(情绪的)intelligence.Softskillsmightincludeteachingkidstoworkcooperativelyinagrouporteachingthemhowtothinkaboutthelong-termconsequenceswhentheymakeadecision.Researchersdrewtheconclusionthatthesesoftskillsshouldbeemphasizedevenmoreinoureducationsystemandinoursystemofsocializingchildren.Parentsshoulddoalltheycantopromotetheseskillswiththeirchildrenasshouldeducationpolicymakers.Totheextentwecanimprovethoseskills,wecanimproveoutcomesindelinquency.FastTrackwasintendedforchildrenwho—.A.wererandomlychosenfromtheirschoolsB.hadsomeproblemswithacademiclearningC.oftenwentagainsttheirteachersandparents'wishesD.wereconsideredtohavecriminaltroubleinthefutureWhatcanbelearnedabout"theintervention"inParagraph2?A.Itincludedallthestudents. B.Itfocusedonsocialskills.C.Itimprovedhealthservices. D.Ithadpositiveoutcomes.Comparedwithsoftskills,hardskills .A.almosthavenoinfluenceonstudentsB.aremoreaffectedbystudents'emotionC.aremainlyrelatedtoacademiclearningD.offerchildrengreaterself-controlabilitiesWhichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SoftSocialSkillsMatter B.FastTrackHelpsChildrenC.HowtoPreventDelinquency D.WhattoDOforEducation【答案】(1)DDC(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。⑴考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Academiclearningisusuallyinthespotlightatschool,butteachingelementary-agestudents/soft’skillslikeself-controlandhowtogetalongwithothersmighthelptokeepat-riskkidsoutofcriminaltroubleinthefuture.可知，FastTrack是为那些在未来被认为有犯罪问题的儿童准备的。故选D。⑵考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Thestudentswererandomlydividedintotwogroups;halftookpartintheintervention,whichincludedateacher-ledcurriculum,parenttraininggroups,academictutoringandlessonsinself-controlandsocialskills.”学生被随机分为两组；一半的人参与了theintervention，其中包括教师主导的课程、家长培训小组、学术辅导以及自我控制和社交技巧方面的课程。由此推知划线词的意思是'辅导〃，故选D。⑶考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Theacademicskills,orhardskillslikelearningofphysics,whichweretaughtaspartofFastTrack,turnedouttohavelessofaninfluenceoncrimeanddelinquencyratesthandidthesoftskills,whichareassociatedwithemotional(情绪的)intelligence/可知，与软技能相比，硬技能主要与学术学习有关。故选C。⑷考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的"Researchersdrewtheconclusionthatthesesoftskillsshouldbeemphasizedevenmoreinoureducationsystemandinoursystemofsocializingchildren.〃可知，本文讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5.阅读理解EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,日donMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAl,accordingtoablogpost.ThedepartureislikelytheresultofTesla'smovingintothefieldofArtificialIntelligence(AI)，whichhesaidin2017wouldbethe“bestintheworld”andwouldevenbeableto“predictyourdestination,”Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization,”OpenAIsaidinablogpostonFeb.20,addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictfor日don.MuskandYCombinerCEOSamAltmanco-foundedthenonprofitenterpriseinDecember2015,itsmissionistodevelopsafeartificialgeneralintelligenceandensurethosedevelopmentsaremadepublic.OpenAIresearcherspublishedapaperonthesiteArXiv,org,detailingthepossiblesecurethreatsthatcomewith“malicious”AI.Infact,Muskhasheardthe“evilAI”alarmseveraltimes,OnAug.11,2017,hewarnedthatartificialintelligenceposesabiggerthreattohumanity,andhetoldagatheringofstategovernorsthatthegovernmentneedstoregulateAlbeforerobotsstart“killingpeople.”Musk'sdeparturefromtheOpenAIboardcouldmeanbigthingsforTesla.AsEtonGoodbye,afinancialreporter,notedonFuturism,themove“couldsignalthatTeslaismoredeeplycommittedtotheirownAIprojectsthanwethought.”Headded,“Thosewhohavehadtheirearstoanyrumors(谣言)thatTeslaisreadytodelivervehiclescapableofLevel5autonomycouldtakethisnewOpenAldevelopmentasasignthatthecompanyisinchingclosertothatunapproachablegoal,“Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman“driver”wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.Whydoes日donMuskleavehisposition?A.TocreatesaferAI. B.TobuildpowerfulInternet.C.Todevelopsocialcommunication.D.ToavoidapossibleconflictwithTesla.WhatistheEldonMusk'sattitudetowardstheAI?A.Ambiguous. B.Supportive. C.Negative. D.Sympathetic.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph3mean?A.Poisonous. B.Unpopular. C.Advanced. D.Traditional.WhatcanweinferfromEtonGoodbye'scomments?A.Level5autonomyisimpossible. B.TherumorsaboutTeslaismeaningless.C.HehasnoconfidenceinOpenAI. D.Level5autonomycouldsethumandriversfree.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了传奇人物埃隆・马斯克和他的公司。⑴考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAI,accordingtoablogpost/和第二段中的“addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.”可知EldonMusk离开他的职位是为了避免可能和Tesla产生冲突，故D。⑵考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization”可推知EldonMusk对于AI的态度是同情，故选B。⑶考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Infact,Muskhasheardthe/evilAI,alarmseveraltimes.”可猜测出“malicious〃的意思是有害的，故选A。⑷考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman‘driver,wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.可推出“Level5autonomy”将会让人类司机解放，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6.阅读理解SweetestDayisalwaysthethirdSaturdayinOctober.Thisholidayismuchmoreimportantinsomeregionsthaninothers(Detroit,ClevelandandBuffalobeingthebiggestSweetestDaycities).Itisaholidaythatisgaininginpopularityeveryyearthroughoutthecountry.SweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSaturdayinOctoberasadaytomakesomeonehappy.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,aged,andorphaned,butalsofriends,relativesandassociateswhosehelpfulnessandkindnesswehaveenjoyed.Over60yearsago,aClevelandman,believingthatthecity'sorphansandshut-ins(卧病在床的人)toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,formedtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.Hedidthisthroughthedistribution(分发)ofsmallgifts.Withthehelpofhisfriendsandneighbors,hedistributedthesesmallremembrancesonaSaturdayinOctober.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,otherClevelandersbegantoparticipateinthecelebrationceremony,whichcametobecalled"SweetestDay".Intime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged(弱势群体)wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.Andsoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesalloverthecountry.SweetestDayisnotbasedonanysinglegroup'sreligiousbelieforonafamilyrelationship.Itisareminderthatathoughtfulwordordeedenricheslifeandgivesitmeaning.Becauseformanypeoplerememberingtakestheformofgift-giving,SweetestDayoffersustheopportunitytoshowothersthatwecare,inapracticalway.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.MoreandmorepeoplearenowcelebratingSweetestDayinthewholecountry.B.SweetestDayisaholidaywhichalwaysfallsontheSaturdayinOctober.C.SweetestDayismuchmoreimportantinbigcitiesthaninsmallcities.D.Onlyafewreligioushavethetraditiontocelebratetheholiday.TheideaofcreatingSweetestDaycamefrom.A.thecity'sorphansandshut-insB.acitynamedCleveland60yearsagoC.amanwhocaredorphansandshut-insD.aman'sfriends,relativesandassociatesSweetestDayiscelebratedinthefollowingwaysEXCEPT.A.akindactB.afamilypartyC.gift-givingD.asmallremembranceFromthethirdparagraphwecanlearnthat.A.itisthepeopleinClevelandwhospreadSweetestDaytoothercitiesB.onlywiththehelpoftheman'sfriendsandneighbors,hegotasmallremembranceC.over60yearsago,amantoooftenfeltforgottenandneglectedD.allpeoplelovedtoberememberedbyothersonSweetestDayinCleveland【答案】（1）ACBA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的甜蜜日。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Itisaholidaythatisgaininginpopularityeveryyearthroughoutthecountry」可知，甜蜜日是一个在全国每年都越来越受欢迎的节日。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Over60yearsago,aClevelandman,believingthatthecity'sorphansandshut-ins（臣卜病在床的人）toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,formedtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.”60多年前，一个克利夫兰人认为，这个城市的孤儿和被关在家里的人常常感到被遗忘和忽视，于是产生了这样一个想法：让他们知道，他们被人记挂着。由此可以推断出，创造甜蜜日的想法来自一个关心孤儿和自闭的人。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Hedidthisthroughthedistribution（分发）ofsmallgift”以及“皿time,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged（弱势群体）wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.”可知，庆祝甜蜜日可以通过送小礼物，小小的纪念品或者善意的行为。文章中并没有提可以通过家庭聚会的方式来庆祝。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Intime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged（弱势群体）wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.Andsoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesalloverthecountry/随着时间的推移，向弱势群体传播欢乐的最甜蜜的一天的想法被扩大到包括所有人，并成为用善意的行为或小小的纪念来纪念他人的一个场合。很快这个想法就传遍了全国其他城市。由此可以推断出，是克利夫兰的人民把最甜蜜日传播到其他城市。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7.阅读短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Overtheyears,cheerleadinghastakentwoprimaryforms:game-timecheerleadingandcompetitivecheerleading.Game-timecheerleaders'maingoalistoentertainthecrowdandleadthemwithteamcheers,whichshouldnotbeconsideredasport.However,competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itisreallyacompetitivesport.Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity.Themajorityoftheteamsrequireacertainleveloftumbling（翻腾）ability.It'saverycommonthingforgymnasts,soit'seasyforthemtogointocompetitivecheerleading.Usuallythesecheerleadersintegratelotsoftheirgymnasticsexperienceincludingtheirjumps,tumbling,andoverallenergy.Theyalsoperformlifts

andthrows.Thisiswherethe"fliers"arethrownintheair,heldby"bases"indifferentpositionsthatrequirestrengthandworkingwithotherteammates.Competitivecheerleadingisalsoanactivitythatisgovernedbyrulesunderwhichawinnercanbedeclared.Itisawardedpointsfortechnique,creativityandsharpness.Usuallythemoredifficulttheactionis,thebetterthescoreis.That'swhycheerleadersaretryingtoexperiencegreatdifficultyintheirperformance.Besides,thereisalsoastrictruleoftime.Thewholeperformancehastobecompletedinlessthanthreeminutesandfifteenseconds,duringwhichthecheerleadersarerequiredtostaywithinacertainarea.Anyperformancebeyondthelimitoftimeisinvalid.Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmorereportedinjuries.Accordingtosomeresearch,competitivecheerleadingisthenumberonecauseofserioussportsinjuriestowomen.Emergencyroomvisitsforitarefivetimesthenumberthanforanyothersport,partiallybecausecheerleadersdon'tuseprotectiveequipment.Smilingcheerleadersarethrownintotheairandmovedownintothearmsoftheteammates,whichmayeasilycauseinjuries.Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneck.Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.Hopefully,itwillappearintheOlympicssincecheerleadersarejustasathleticandphysicallyfitasthoseinvolvedinthemoreacceptedsports.Itshouldbenotedthatitisateamsportandeventhesmallestmistakemadebyoneteammatecanbringthescoreoftheentireteamdown.Sowithoutworkingtogethertoachievethegoal,firstplaceisoutofreach.Whatisthemainpurposeofcompetitivecheerleading?A.Tocompareskillsofparticipants. B.Tomaketheaudiencefeelamused.C.Toattractmorepeopletowatchevents. D.Tocheerupthecompetitorsonthecourt.Theunderlinedword"integrate"inParagraph2probablymeans"".A.examine B.combine C.identify D.replaceWecanlearnfromthepassagethatcompetitivecheerleading.lacksnecessaryguidelinestofollowenjoysgreaterpopularitythanothersportsrequiresmoredesignedactionsthangymnasticshasarelativelyhighrateofdamagetothebodyWhichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionD.

【答案】（1）ABD（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竞技啦啦队不同于普通的啦啦队，它是一项具有专业技能的运动，有自己的规则，融入了一些体操的技能。队员必须有团队精神，队员的受伤率很高。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itisreallyacompetitivesport.和Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity/及最后一段中的"Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.”竞技啦啦队是竞争性的运动，是一项具有专业技能的运动。故选A。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"includingtheirjumps,tumbling,andoverallenergy.”通常这些竞技啦啦队长会将他们的体操经验融入其中，包括跳跃、翻滚和总能量。“integrate"指整合，结合，融入与combine同义，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmorereportedinjuries.”及"Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneck.”可知，竞