考研考博-英语-商洛职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-商洛职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Theoldmanwaskindand______enoughtohelpthechildrencrossthestreet.

问题1选项

A.timid

B.lively

C.gracious

D.graceful

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项timid“羞怯的”；B选项lively“活泼的；充满趣味的，热烈的”；C选项gracious“和蔼可亲的；有礼貌的”；D选项graceful“优雅的”。句意：这位老人非常友好和______，还帮助孩子们过马路。根据语境，这里C选项gracious“和蔼可亲的；有礼貌的”形容老人比较合理，意思指老人热心帮助孩子们，非常和蔼可亲。因此C选项正确。

2.写作题

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“LoveandBeingLoved"accordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.

爱和被爱是人际社会关系最重要的一对因子。爱是付出，它是奉献；被爱是接受，它是幸福；但它们又是相互置换。请你围绕这一命题，结合事例谈谈你对它们的认识和看法。

【答案】略

3.单选题

WehavearrangedtogotothecinemaonFriday,butwecanbe（

）andgoanotherday.

问题1选项

A.reliable

B.probable

C.feasible

D.flexible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。reliable“可靠的”；probable“很可能的”；feasible“可行的”；flexible“灵活的，柔韧的”。句意：我们已经安排好周五去看电影，但是我们也可以看情况改天去。由goanotherday可知空格处意为我们也不一定非得周五去，可以灵活变动，改天再去。答案D

4.单选题

Hecouldnot（）hislatearrivalattheconference.

问题1选项

A.contributeto

B.countfor

C.accountfor

D.leaveout

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。contributeto“有助于”；countfor“有价值”；accountfor“对……负有责任；对……做出解释”;leaveout“遗漏，省去”。根据后面“他开会迟到”，可知是为开会迟到做解释，因此选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Theblackhorseis（）ofthepair.

问题1选项

A.thestrongest

B.thestronger

C.thestrong

D.quitestrong

【答案】B

【解析】句意:这匹黑马更强壮。

语法题。考查比较级。当要特指两者中“较（更）”时，比较级前通常要带定冠词，此时可视为比较级后省略了有关的名词或代词one，即定冠词实为修饰被省略的名词或代词one。pair的词义是“一对”或“一双”，即在“两者”中进行比较。因此，此处应该使用thestronger。

6.单选题

Headdeda（）tohisletterbysayingthathewouldarrivebefore8pm.

问题1选项

A.presidency

B.prestige

C.postscript

D.preliminary

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项presidency“总统（或董事长、会长、大学校长等）的职位（任期）”；B选项prestige“威望，声望”；C选项postscript“附言；又及”；D选项preliminary“初步的，开始的，预备的”。句意：他在信上加了（），说他将在晚上8点前到达。这里表达的意思是“他在附言里说……”，因此C选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Examinethedataovertime,andyou’llfindirrefutableevidenceofprogress:thedeclineofwar,theincreaseinlifespan;（）ofliteracy,democracy,andequalrights,（）ofprivilegebasedonrace,gender,heredityandbeliefs.

问题1选项

A.thespread...thewaning

B.thespreading...thewane

C.thespreads...thewanes

D.thespreading…thewaning

【答案】A

【解析】考查词性。the+名词，表示特指。spread可以做动词，也可以做名词。Wane是动词，变名词为在其后加-ing。句意：回顾一段时间以来的数据，你就会发现有不可辨驳的证据证明社会在进步：战争减少，寿命延长，识字率的提高以及民主和权利平等意识的增强，基于种族、性别、出身、信仰而获得的特权的减少。选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard."Thereisadirectrelationship,"UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,"betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath."

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn'tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.”Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissatallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jradmitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.”Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon'tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（）.

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（）.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（）.

4.Thephrase“vocal...exponent”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

问题1选项

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

问题2选项

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone

问题3选项

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation

问题4选项

A.eloquentdoctor

B.articulateopponent

C.loudspeaker

D.strongadvocate

问题5选项

A.Thesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.

C.Themoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Saltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”可知：一些医生和政客认为钠的摄入量和身体健康有直接关系，并会引发多种疾病，甚至早逝。说明他们认为食盐的摄入量与某些疾病的发生息息相关，因此，C项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第二段Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensalt,wasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.可知：在Dustan研究中，当摄取极低的少盐饮食或者恢复食用食盐时，血压正常的人不会有什么改变。然而，在高血压人群中，少盐饮食中一半的人确实出现血压下降，而再次恢复食盐的摄入时，血压会返回到之前的水平。因此，A项“低盐饮食可能适合某些人”表述正确。B项和D项错误。文章并没有谈及“减少食盐摄入量可能治愈高血压”，故C项错误。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense•”可知：医生不应该建议人们不吃盐，因此，B选项符合题意，为正确答案。

4.词汇题。根据原文倒数第二段buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Dr.admitsthat...可知：就连“低盐论”最主要的支持者，Arthur博士都承认盐的摄入量是否与髙血压有关。所以最恰当的理解应该是强烈支持者。因此，D项为正确答案。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了食盐摄入量与人体健康的关系。通过人们对于盐的恐慌引出相关话题，最后表明“除非医生告知你有与摄取盐分相关的健康问题，否则，没有理由不摄取食盐”。由此可知，食盐恐慌是不合理的，A项为正确答案。

9.单选题

Heattendstothe（）ofimportantbusinesshimself.

问题1选项

A.transaction

B.transition

C.transmission

D.transformation

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他亲自处理重要的生意。

考查名词辨析。transaction交易，业务，事务；transition过渡，转变；transmission播送，传送；transformation变化。根据后文“business生意”可知，A项“交易”正确。

10.写作题

WriteontheANSWERSHEETacompositionofatleast200wordsbasedonthetopic“TraditionandInnovation”.

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.

Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.

Inthesecondpart,providereasonsoryourexperiencestosupportyouropinion.

Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.

【答案】Thereisavividsayingwhichsays“Iftraditioncanbelikenedtotherootsandtrunkofatree,innovationisitsleavesandfruits.”Iquiteapplaudthissimile.Frommyperspective,traditionandinnovationaredoomedtocoexistperpetually.

Firstandforemost,traditionisasolidfoundationforinnovation,withabundantnutritionwecanabsorb,suchasscientificexperimentapproachesandsciencespirits.Secondly,it’sthedrawbacksoftraditionincertainfieldsthatgiverisetoinspirationandmomentumtoinnovate.Forinstance,ThomasEdison,whocaughtthesightoftheinconvenienceoftraditionalgaslight,conductedexperimentsandeventuallyinventedlightbulb.Onthecontrary,innovationwillcertainlyfightagainsttradition.Whenaninnovationsatisfiespeople'sexpectation,itcangainpopularityandfinallymakeitselfanewelementintradition,whichwillbeheldinhighesteem.

Inaword,traditionandinnovationcanneverbeseparated.Attheverytime,withtheever-increasingspeedofinnovation,adiversityofnewly-borntechnologyandhi-techproductspenetrateourdailylife.I’mconvincedthatwe’dbetterbeabsolutelyconsciousofourroot——traditionandgiveprioritytoit.Onlywhenwegainathoroughcomprehensionofitcanweaccomplishmagnificentinnovationandexertpositiveeffectonoursocietyasawhole.

11.单选题

Sheismostfrugalinmattersofbusiness,butinherprivatelifesherevealsastreakof（prodigality）.

问题1选项

A.antipathy

B.wastefulness

C.virtuosity

D.equanimity

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：她在生意上极其节俭，但在私生活上却挥霍无度。A选项antipathy“反感，厌恶”；B选项wastefulness“浪费，挥霍无度”；C选项virtuosity“精湛技巧”；D选项equanimity“平静，镇定”。根据句意可知，prodigality和frugal意思相反，prodigality意为“浪费，慷慨”，选项B与之意思相近，代入符合语境。

12.单选题

Doyouthinkthatallhumanbeingshaveaucomfortzone”regulatingthedistancetheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.

Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismannerofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.

Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,andhowtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator；inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide“comfortzone”fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson’sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy；theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory；theyputanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild’sheadinaffection；theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimcrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewiththelefthand.ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethathandmore.Doyouthinkthatallhumanbeingshaveaucomfortzone”regulatingthedistancetheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.

Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismannerofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.

Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,andhowtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator；inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide“comfortzone”fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson’sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy；theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory；theyputanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild’sheadinaffection；theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimcrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewiththelefthand.ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethathandmore.

1.Intermsofbodilydistance,NorthAmericans（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinacrowdedelevator,aFrenchmen（）.

3.AnAmericanputshishandonanotherman’sshoulder（）.

4.Thepassagemainlyconcerns（）.

问题1选项

A.aresimilartoSouthAmericans

B.standfarthestapart

C.feelillateasewhentooclose

D.movenearerduringconversations

问题2选项

A.wouldbehaveinthesamewayasanAmericanwould

B.wouldmakenoparticularefforttodistancehimself

C.wouldbeafraidofbodilycontact

D.woulddohisbesttoleave

问题3选项

A.toshowapathy

B.toshowpassion

C.toshowfriendliness

D.todisguisehisfeeling

问题4选项

A.distanceandcontact

B.bodylanguage

C.culturaldifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWest

D.handsignals

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】1.信息推断题。文章第二段中提到当美国人会觉得太尴尬如果彼此之间距离太近，“findthisawkward”，选项feelillatease意为感到不自在，最符合题意。

2.信息推断题。文中第三段最后一句提到，美国人在拥挤的电梯也会保持距离，但是在巴黎，人们不会刻意地这样做。选项B符合题意。

3.信息推断题。文章最后一段提到“putasympathetichandonaperson’sshoulder”，将手搭在别人肩膀上以表示安慰，让别人感受温暖之情。Friendliness最符合语境。选项C符合题意。

4.主旨思想题。对整体文意的理解。本文主要提到了不同文化地域中，人们对于距离感的认知区别。选项C符合题意。

13.单选题

IfsecuritiesofaforeigncorporationaresoldintheUS,thecorporationis（）totheUSlaw.

问题1选项

A.dedicated

B.subject

C.projected

D.loyal

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。dedicated“专注于”;subject服从的；projected“突出的”;loyal“忠诚的”。句意：外国公司的证券在美国出售的前提就是必需服从美国的法律。选项B符合题意。

14.单选题

Inmostofthehumancivilizationofwhichwehaveanyproperrecords,youthhasdrawnoneitherartorlifeformodels,planningtoemulatetheheroesdepictedinepicsontheshadowplayscreenorthestage,orthoseknownhumanbeings,fathersorgrandfathers,chiefsorcraftsmen,whoseeverycharacteristiccanbestudiedandimitated.Asrecentlyas1910,thiswastheprevailingconditionintheUnitedStates.Ifhecamefromanonliteratebackground,therecentimmigrantlearnedtospeak,move,andthinklikeanAmericanbyusinghiseyesandearsonthelaborlineandinthehomesofmoreacculturatedcousins,bywatchingschoolchildren,orbyabsorbingthestandardsoftheteacher,theforeman,theclerkwhoservedhiminthestore.Fortheliterateandtheliteratechildrenofthenouliterate,therewasart—thestoryofthefrustratedartistintheprairietown,ofthesecondgenerationbattlingwiththelimitationsofthefirst.Andatasimplerlevel,thereweretheWesternandHollywoodfairytaleswhichpointedamoralbutdidnot,asarule,teachtablemanners.

WiththedevelopmentofthecountermovementagainstHollywood,withtheefflorescenceofphotography,withTime-Life-Fortunetypesofreportingandthedead-panNewYorkermannerofdescribingthelifeofanold-clothesdealerinaforgottenstreetorofpresentingthe“accurate”,“checked”detailsofthelivesofpeoplewhoseeminencegaveatleastasortoflicensetoattackthem,withthepassionfor“humandocuments”inDepressiondays—anecessarysubstituteforproletarianartamongmiddleclasswriterswhoknewnothingaboutproletarians,andmiddleclassreaderswhoneededtheshockofverisimilitude—anewerainAmericanlifewasusheredin,theerainwhichyoungpeopleimitatedneitherlifenorartnorfairytale,butinsteadwerepresentedwithmodelsdrawnfromlifewithminimalbutcrucialdistortions.Doctoredlifehistories,posedcarelessness,“candid”shotsofpeopleintheirownhomeswhichtookhourstoarrange,picturesshotfromreallifetoscriptswrittenmonthsbeforesupplementedbynationalpollsandsurveyswhichassuredthereaderthatthisbobbysoxerdidindeedrepresentanationalnormoragrowingtrend—replacedtheoldermodels.

1.Thisarticleisbasedontheideathat（）.

2.Storiesofthesecondgenerationbattlingagainstthelimitationsofthefirstwereoftenresponsiblefor（）.

3.ThecountermovementagainstHollywoodwasamovement（）.

4.Theauthorattributesthechangeinattitudessince1910to（）.

5.Theword“distortions”attheendofthe1stsentenceinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto（）.

问题1选项

A.peopletodaynolongerfollowmodels

B.peopleattachlittleimportancetowhoevertheyfollow

C.peoplegenerallypatterntheirlivesaftermodels

D.peoplenolongerrespectheroes

问题2选项

A.inspiringliterateimmigrants

B.frustratingeducatedimmigrants

C.preventingtheassimilationofimmigrants

D.instillingintoimmigrantsanantagonisticattitudetowardtheirforebears

问题3选项

A.towardrealism

B.towardfantasy

C.againsttheteachingofmorals

D.awayfromrealism

问题4选项

A.alogicalevolutionofideas

B.widespreadmoraldecay

C.theinfluenceofthepress

D.aphilosophyofplenty

问题5选项

A.presentations

B.misinterpretations

C.influences

D.limitations

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一句Inmostofthehumancivilizationofwhichwehaveanyproperrecords,youthhasdrawnoneitherartorlifeformodels,planningtoemulatetheheroesdepictedinepicsontheshadowplayscreenorthestage,orthoseknownhumanbeings,fathersorgrandfathers,chiefsorcraftsmen,whoseeverycharacteristiccanbestudiedandimitated.（在我们有记录的大多数人类文明中，青年都以艺术或生活为范本，计划模仿在皮影戏屏幕或舞台上演出的史诗中描绘的英雄，或那些有名的人类、父辈或祖辈、酋长或工匠，他们的每一个特征都可以研究和模仿。），说明有史以来年轻人都会将各种各样的人作为偶像来模仿，整篇文章都是围绕着这个观点展开论述的。因此C选项“人们通常会模仿偶像的生活”正确。A选项“今天的人们不再模仿偶像”，由原文可知，现在这还是美国的普遍情况，所以A错误。B选项“人们对模仿的人都不重视”，D选项“人们不再尊重英雄”在文中没有提及，所以B，D错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段倒数第二句Fortheliterateandtheliteratechildrenofthenouliterate,therewasart—thestoryofthefrustratedartistintheprairietown,ofthesecondgenerationbattlingwiththelimitationsofthefirst.（对于努士人的文人和文人子女来说，有艺术的故事——在大草原城镇失意的艺术家的故事，第二代人与第一代人的局限性斗争的故事。），说第二代移民艺术家努力克服父辈缺陷的故事是用来激励移民变得有文化。因此A选项“激励有文化的移民”正确。B选项“使受过教育的移民感到失望”，C选项“防止移民的同化问题”，D选项“向移民灌输对其祖先的敌视态度”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句WiththedevelopmentofthecountermovementagainstHollywood,withtheefflorescenceofphotography,withTime-Life-Fortunetypesofreportingandthedead-panNewYorkermannerofdescribingthelifeofanold-clothesdealerinaforgottenstreetorofpresentingthe“accurate”,“checked”detailsofthelivesofpeoplewhoseeminencegaveatleastasortoflicensetoattackthem,withthepassionfor“humandocuments”inDepressiondays—anecessarysubstituteforproletarianartamongmiddleclasswriterswhoknewnothingaboutproletarians,andmiddleclassreaderswhoneededtheshockofverisimilitude—anewerainAmericanlifewasusheredin（随着反好莱坞运动的发展，随着摄影的兴起，随着《时代-生活-财富》式的报道，以及《纽约客》用死板的方式描述一个被遗忘的街道上的旧衣商的生活，或者说是用“准确”的方式来呈现，“检查”了一些人的生活细节，这些人的显赫地位给了至少一种许可攻击他们，随着大萧条时期对“人类文献”的热情——在对无产阶级一无所知的中产阶级作家和需要真实性冲击的中产阶级读者中，这是无产阶级艺术的必要替代物——美国生活迎来了一个新的时代。），说明在反对好莱坞的运动中，真实的现实生活被呈现出来，开启了美国的新时代。因此A选项“走向现实主义”正确。B选项“走向幻想”，C选项“违背道德教育”，D选项“脱离现实主义”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句WiththedevelopmentofthecountermovementagainstHollywood,withtheefflorescenceofphotography,withTime-Life-Fortunetypesofreportingandthedead-panNewYorkermannerofdescribingthelifeofanold-clothesdealerinaforgottenstreetorofpresentingthe“accurate”,“checked”detailsofthelivesofpeoplewhoseeminencegaveatleastasortoflicensetoattackthem,withthepassionfor“humandocuments”inDepressiondays（随着反好莱坞运动的发展，随着摄影的兴起，随着《时代-生活-财富》式的报道，以及《纽约客》用死板的方式描述一个被遗忘的街道上的旧衣商的生活，或者说是用“准确”的方式来呈现，“检查”了一些人的生活细节，这些人的显赫地位给了至少一种许可攻击他们，随着大萧条时期对“人类文献”的热情），说明1910年以来人们态度变化的原因是多种多样的。因此D选项“丰富的理论”正确。A选项“思想的逻辑演变”，B选项“普遍的道德败坏”，C选项“新闻界的影响”均不符合题意，所以A，B，C错误。

5.语义推测题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段倒数第二句theerainwhichyoungpeopleimitatedneitherlifenorartnorfairytale,butinsteadwerepresentedwithmodelsdrawnfromlifewithminimalbutcrucialdistortions.（在这个时代，年轻人既不模仿生活，也不模仿艺术或童话，他们看到的是生活中的偶像，这些偶像就没有受到关键的扭曲。），说明在反好莱坞运动中，年轻人不再模仿生活中、或艺术及电影中的偶像，而是看到了真正来自于生活的没有被扭曲的偶像人物，此处“distortions”指的是偶像人物被误解。所以B选项“误解”正确。A选项“介绍”，C选项“影响”，D选项“限制”均不符合题意，所以A，C，D错误。

15.单选题

Withhisface（）byamask,thefiremandashedintothehouseonfire.

问题1选项

A.hidden

B.concealed

C.screened

D.buried

【答案】C

【解析】四个词都有“掩饰,掩藏”之意,但侧重点不同。hide—般用于hidesb/sthinaplace；conceal隐瞒,一般表示“掩饰,不让别人发现”；screen表示“遮蔽以起到保护的效果”；bury表示“埋葬”。根据句意可知,所以C符合语境。

16.单选题

Eventhoughyoumaybeexcitedaboutrelocating,youmaystillmournthelossofafamiliarhome,wayoflife,familyandfriendsleftbehind.“Underestimatingtheemotionalimpactofmovingisthebiggestmistakepeoplemake,”saysPatriciaNida,Psychologistandrelocationconsultant.“Peoplethinkthereissomethingwrongwiththemiftheycan’tcopewiththeemotionalupheavalofmoving.Theydon’trealizeit’snormal.”WhenSheilamovedfromOregontoCalifornia,ittookhernearlyayeartofeelrootedinhernewcommunity.Thentwoyearslater,thefamilymovedbacktoOregon.Whenwecameback,Icouldn’tgetusedtothem.Eachtimewemoved,IfeltlikeIlostapartofmyself.”

“Althougheveryonewhomovesfeelsthislossofidentitytosomeextent,it’susuallymostdisastrousforanon-workingwife”,saysDr.Seidenberg,clinicalprofessorofpsychiatry.“Heridentity,”sayshe,“stemsfromheractivitiesandthetiestothecommunity.Relocatingwipesitallout.Everytimeshemoves,shehastore-establishhercredentials.”“Youcopebyreachingoutandfindingactivitiesandpeoplethatinterestyou,”addsEileenKirsh,aveteranoffourspouse-job-relatedmoves.“Ifyouarelucky,youmeetsomeonecompatible.”

Don’tavoidsayinggoodbye.Itmayseemeasieratthetime,butinthelongrun,itcancreateagreatersenseofloss.Resistthetemptationtosevertieswithyouroldneighborhood.Maintainrelationships.Allowyourselftogothroughtheemotionsassociatedwithmoving,withoutcriticism.Whenyouacquireyournewlivingquarters,introduceyourselftoyournewneighbors.Writeaheadtoyournewhouseofworshipandcommunityorganizationsforinformationonactivitiesandservices.Whenyoufinallymovein,youwillfeelmoreapartofthenewcommunity.Establishfamilytraditionsthatmovewithyou.Doingthingstogetherasafamilymakesyoufeelathome,nomatterwhereyoulive.

Movingisadifficultexperience,butitalsohasmanyadvantages.Psychologistssayitstimulatesgrowth,makesusadaptable,broadensourscopeandgivesustheopportunitytomakenewfriendsandenjoynewexperiences.Asanationandasindividuals,wearestrengthenedbyourpioneerspirit.Andifwecansaveonwearandtear-allthebetter.

13.Whenpeoplemove,they____.

14.Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.

15.Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.

16.Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.

17.Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.

18.Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.

问题1选项

A.makethebiggestmistake

B.minimizetheirlosses

C.havemixedfeelings

D.areintrouble

问题2选项

A.uplift

B.violence

C.approval

D.turbulence

问题3选项

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlife

B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledown

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmoving

问题4选项

A.havetofindtheiridentityagain

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriends

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimate

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobs

问题5选项

A.keepingthefamilytradition

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquarters

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidence

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotion

问题6选项

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycan

B.learntobepositiveaboutmoving

C.beeconomicalwhentheymove

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWest

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

第6题:B

【解析】13.【选项释义】

Whenpeoplemove,they____.当人们搬家时，他们____。

A.makethebiggestmistakeA.犯最大的错误

B.minimizetheirlossesB.减少/小看他们的损失

C.havemixedfeelingsC.心情复杂

D.areintroubleD.有麻烦

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干关键词peoplemove定位到原文第1段，本段第1句说“即使你可能对搬迁感到兴奋（beexcited），你可能仍然会为失去一个熟悉的家、生活方式、家人和朋友而悲伤（mournthelossof）。”因此，C选项“心情复杂”表述正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“犯最大的错误”，定位到第1段第2句，PatriciaNida说“低估搬家的情感影响是人们犯的最大错误”，此处有上下文限制，这句话表达的是，“低估搬家的情感影响”是人们在被搬家时犯的最大的错误；而该选项“犯最大的错误”没有语境限制，表达的是“搬家时人们犯的最大的错误”，因此，该选项表述错误，属于偷换概念；

B选项“减少/小看他们的损失”，原文说的是“低估搬家的情感影响”，选项表述错误，属于过度推理；

D选项“有麻烦”，原文虽然说搬家很困难，但最后一段第1句也说“搬家是一种艰难的经历，但它也有很多好处（manyadvantages）。”该选项表述不准确，属于推理过度。

14.【选项释义】

Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.第1段中的“upheaval”一词的意思最接近于____。

A.upliftA.提高，增长；抬起；振奋

B.violenceB.暴力；激烈

C.approvalC.批准；赞成

D.turbulenceD.骚乱，动荡

【考查点】词汇推测题。

【解题思路】

1）句中前后信息衔接：根据题干关键词Para.1和upheaval定位到原文第1段第3句，该句说到“如果人们不能应对搬家带来的情绪____（theemotionalupheavalofmoving），他们就会认为自己有问题（somethingwrongwiththem）。”由此可知，upheaval是个名词，是搬家所引起的一种情绪上的变化，并且根据人们认为处理不好就是自己有问题这一点可推断，这种情绪变化是负面的。因此，D选项“动荡”，emotionalturbulence“情绪波动”符合题意。

2）上下文语义衔接：本段最后3句通过举例对此进行了进一步说明。Sheila从Oregon（俄勒冈州）搬到California（加利福尼亚），花了很长时间适应新的环境；又搬回俄勒冈州时，也无法适应。她说“每次搬家，我都觉得自己好像失去了一部分（lostapartofmyself）。”由此可知，这是搬家带来的情绪变化，也可推测出D选项“动荡”，emotionalturbulence“情绪波动”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“（情绪）振奋”，不符合负面的情感基调；

B选项“暴力；激烈”，原文没有依据；

C选项“批准；赞成”，不符合负面的情感基调。

15.【选项释义】

Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.研究人员发现，许多人____。

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlifeA.耻于对生活多愁善感

B.缺失B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledownC.花数年时间决定在哪里定居

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmovingD.往往看不到搬家的好处

【考查点】事实细节