高一定语从句课件

定语从句AttributiveClause

1.概念在一个主从复合句中，修饰主句中的某个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。2.分类a.先行词分类---sb/sthb.引导定语从句的引导词分类-----关系代词、关系副词c.先行词在定语从句中的成分----主语，宾语，定语，状语d.定语从句形式分类---限制性、非限制性定语从句3.用法关系代词的用法：当先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，定语成分时要求使用关系代词。

做主语who/that当先行词是人时做宾语whom/who/that/\省略做定语whose

做主语which/that当先行词时物时做宾语which/that/\省略做定语whose1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.that B.who C.whom D.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whom B.which C.who D./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.that B.whose C.which D.asAcA定语从句练习4.Thehouse___windowsarebrokenwasboughtbymygrandfatherlastyear.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.whichD.ofthatA5.I’dlikeacar___frontlightsarebigandround.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.ofwhichC6.Theboy___motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.ofwhichC关系副词和先行词的关系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.

ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=why关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.Thisisthefactory

where

Iworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Theschool

where

mystudiesisnearapark.They’llneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.They’llneverforgetJuly1whenHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.1.Thisistheman______wetalkedabout.2.Thisisthehouse______onceLuXunlived.3.Helivesintheroom____doorisgreen.4.Thegirl____fatherisadoctorworksveryhard.5.Hehasabrother____isaworker.6.Wewenttoschool_____wemetTom.7.Wewenttoschool_____youtalkedabout.8.Thatisthereason______Iwaslate.9.Thatisthereason_____yougavetoher.whomwherewhosewhosewhowherewhichwhywhich②先行词是不定代词时none,some,all,much,little,something,

anything,everything,nothing.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?ThatisallthatIneed.③先行词被only,few,little,any,all等词所修饰时Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.Thereislittletimethatwecansee.以下的情况只用which①引导非限制性定语从句时Tomwaslateagain,whichmademeveryangry.②当关系代词前有介词时Thepenwithwhichheiswritingwasboughtlastweek.③先行词本身是that时Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.以下情况只能使用who

①先行词为those指人时Thosewhowanttogotherewillwaitattheschoolgate.②therebe的句型中，先行词指人时Thereisayoungmanwhoasksforyou.1.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.which B.inwhich C.that D.allC2.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.who B.whom C.which D./D3.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.which B.whom C.that D.whoD限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别:意义不同

限制性定语从句，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，具有限制作用，使先行词的含义更具体、更明确。如果省略了定语从句会造成句意不完整或概念不清。

非限制性定语从句，与先行词的关系并不密切，只对先行词作附加、补充说明，省略后主句意思仍很清楚。eg.Adoctorisapersonwholooksafterthepatients.HeleftforCanada,wherehehadstayedfortwoyears.2.形式不同非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。3.翻译不同一般常把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的词之前；而翻译非限制性定语从句时，常和主句分开，按并列句翻译。4.含义不同

Allthebookswhichhavepictureshavebeensenttohim.Allthebooks,whichhavepictures,havebeensenttohim.2.Hehasabrotherwhoisadoctor.Hehasabrother,whoisadoctor.特殊注意的问题1.which在所引导的非限制性定语从句中，有时可修饰整个句子，代替前面一整句话。a.Bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.b.Theexamhasbeenputoff,whichiswhatwewant.c.Marywaslateagain,whichmadeherteacherangry.②as用在非限制性定语从句中，as代表主句整句意义。as译为“正如”。此时，as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，或是主句之后，或是分割主句。a.Herperformancewasexcellent,aswehadexpected.b.TaiWan,asisknowntoeveryone,isapartofChina.c.Asweallknow,lighttravelsfasterthansound.诸如这类as引导的定语从句通常有固定的译法：asweallknow正如大家都知道的asIcanremember正如我所记得的asiswellknown众所周知asisexpected正如预料的那样asyousee这一点你明白asisoftenthecase这是常有的事asisreported正如所报道的那样Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)考点与难点归纳地点、时间名词做先行词时关系代词关系副词的选择1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.

when/inwhichwhich/thatwhere/inwhichwhich/thatwhy/forwhichthat/which填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语theway用做先行词whose的用法Theteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Theteacherpraisedthestudent,ofwhom

theEnglishisthebestinourclass.whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhomofwhom+the+n.Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.Thehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken先行词是人，则用ofwhom;先行词是物，则用ofwhichTheclassroom_______doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.whoseTheclassroom，＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿isbrokenwillsoonberepaired.thedoorofwhichDoyoulikethebook＿＿＿＿coverisyellow?Doyoulikethebook，＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿isyellow?whosethecoverofwhich介词+关系代词的情况Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhich看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配Hegavemesomebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.with根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配1.Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.2.Thisisourclassroom,_______________（在前面）whichthereisateacher’sdesk.atinthefrontof1.Hemadeaholeinthewall,______whichhecouldseewhatwasgoingonoutsidethehouse.through2.Thecommentsontheirproduct,_____whichthisisoneexample,areverysharp.of3.Thereisatalltreeoutside,_____________standsourteacher.underwhich“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。1.Thecommitteeconsistsof20membersand5of______arewomen.them2.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of______arewomen.whom3.Thebookcontains50poems,andmostof______werewrittenin1930s.them4.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof______werewrittenin1930s.whichWeshouldn’tspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_____arehealthy.A.that B.which C.what D.whomIhavemanyfriends,______somearebusinessmen.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhomThefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.AofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthatDAD1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthe

situationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。where的特殊用法解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.A.whyB.whereC.howD./做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。1.Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,_______theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.thatB2.Itisajob______youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.thatA考场思维训练速决战15

题1.AfterlivinginParisfor50years,hereturnedtothesmalltown_____hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when2.Ineverforgetthedays_____wespenttogether.A.thatB.whenC.whoseD.what3.Haveyouseenthefilm“BrokenbackMountain”,_____leadingactorisworldfamous?A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.which

BAC4.Thisisthebook_____Ipaidtenyuan.A.forwhichB.forthatC.whichD.offwhich5.TheteacherdiscussedwithJim,_____problemwaspoorstudyhabits.A.oneofwhichB.oneofwhoseC.whoseD.which6.Thegentleman_____youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom

ABC7.Therearetwobuildings,____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargerofthatD.thelargerofwhich8.Americanwome