文化地理学(英文)课件

CulturalGeographyPtolemy’sFirstWorldMap,circaA.D.150CulturalGeographyPtolemy’sFi1MichaelReedOffice:NaturalSciences(NS)209

Phone:310-660-6016

Email:mreed@WebPage:/Faculty/mreed/index.htm

B.A.History,BrownUniversity,1992GeographyCoursework,CabrilloCollege,1995M.A.Geography,SDSU,1999AssociateProfessorofGeography,GlendaleCC,2000-2005InstructorofGeography,ElCaminoCC,2005-present.27jobsatlastcount,includingtourguide,gondolier,waiter,newspaperreporter,N.Y.C.fashionexecutive,McDonald’skitchencrew,stereosalesman,shoesalesman,receptionist,andmanyothers.MichaelReedB.A.History,Bro2MyTeachingPhilosophyItrytoteachthisclassthesameasIwouldanywhereelse.Communitycollegesshouldnotbesecondrate.Youareresponsibleforyourowneducation,particularlynowthatyouareincollege.Iamaguide,ahelper,ifyouwill.Collegeiswhatyoumakeofit.Iconsidermyresponsibilitiestoincludefairness,honesty,andcompassion.Mostofall,Ithinkitismyjobtoearnestlyattempttomakegeographyinterestingandfun,withoutmakingitfrivolous.Ipromisethis:ifyoutakethisclassseriously,youwilllearnagreatdealabouttheworld.MyTeachingPhilosophyItryto3WhatisGeography?Organizedknowledgeoftheearthastheworldofpeople.

DaveBaloghGeographyisarepresentationofthewholeknownworldtogetherwiththephenomenawhicharecontainedtherein.

Ptolemy,Geographia2ndCenturyA.D.Geographyisthescienceofplace.Itsvisionisgrand,itsviewpanoramic.ItsweepsthesurfaceoftheEarth,chartingthephysical,organicandculturalterrain,theirarealdifferentiation,andtheirecologicaldynamicswithhumankind.Itsforemosttoolisthemap.

LeonardKrishtalka,CarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistory,20thCenturyA.D.WhatisGeography?Organizedkn4WhatisGeography?Geographyisthestudyofwhatiswhereandwhyit’sthere. MikeReedWhatisGeography?Geographyis5Five“KeyThemes”ofGeography1.Location

–specificlocation,where?

2.Place

–

uniquepropertiesofaplace3.Movement

–diffusion,communications4.Region

–anarea’suniformcharacteristics5.

Human-EarthRelationships

–

humaninteractionwithanenvironmentFive“KeyThemes”ofGeography6Okay,butwhatexactlyisit?Well,it’sawayofthinkingaboutintellectualproblems,bothnaturalandsocietal,whichemphasizestheimportanceofspatialrelationshipsbetweencultureandtheenvironment.Takeanysocialorenvironmentalquestionorproblemandaskyourselfwhetherthereisaspatialaspecttoitsanswer.Chancesarethatspaceandplaceplayaroleintheexplanationofthatissue. MikeReed,MakingItUpAsIGoForexample:

Whyaresomanyplantandanimalspeciesbecomingextinctattheendofthetwentiethcentury?WhydotherealwaysseemtobebeensomanywarsinAfrica?HowdidhumanbeingscometobeinNorthAmericaiftheyevolvedinAfrica?WhyarethelargestanimalsstillaliveinAfricabutnotinEuropeorNorthAmerica,eventhoughpeoplecamelatertothoseregions?WhyiscornsuchanimportantpartofatraditionalMexicandiet?WhyaresomebeersknownasIndiaPaleAles?Okay,butwhatexactlyisit?7DivisionsofGeography

PhysicalGeography

HumanGeographyRocksandMineralsPopulationLandformsSettlementsSoilsEconomicActivitiesAnimalsTransportationPlantsRecreationalActivitiesWaterReligionAtmospherePoliticalSystemsRiversandOtherWaterBodiesSocialTraditionsEnvironmentHumanMigrationClimateandWeatherAgriculturalSystemsGeographyisabridgebetweenthenaturalandsocialsciences.Geographyisaholisticorsynthesizingscience.DivisionsofGeography

Physic8文化地理学(英文)课件9TheGeographyofBreakfastTakeaminutetowritedownallofthefoodanddrinkyouatebeforecomingtoclasstoday.TheGeographyofBreakfastTake10BreakfastFoodsFood PlaceofOrigin CurrentProductioncoffee Ethiopia Tropicsoranges SouthAsia,India US,Mediterraneanpork China,SouthAsia Worldwidewheat NearEast US,Russia,Argentinatea China Asiaoats NearEast TemperateClimatespepper SouthAmerica S.America,WorldwideBreakfastFoodsFood Placeof11TopTenCoffeeGrowingCountries(Yellow)FirstdomesticatedinEthiopia,coffeehascometobeamajorexportcropforcolonialcountriesandcontinuestoprovidemuchoftheexportincomeintheselessdevelopedcountries.InUganda,70-80%ofexportrevenueisgeneratedbycoffee.Manyissuesareraisedbythecontinuationofsuchcolonialeconomics.COFFEETopTenCoffeeGrowingCountri12Fieldwork:GeographersasModernExplorersandObserversFieldwork:GeographersasMode13China,2004China,200414CostaRicaCostaRica15NavajoGuide,MonumentValley,1997NavajoGuide,MonumentValley,16Shanghai,China

2004Shanghai,China

200417Rarotonga,CookIslands,2002Rarotonga,CookIslands,200218CinqueTerra,Italia,2001CinqueTerra,Italia,200119Mt.SanJacintoStatePark,Idylwild,CA,2001Mt.SanJacintoStatePark,Id20Baja,1996Baja,199621HonoluaBay,Maui,HawaiianIslands,2003HonoluaBay,Maui,HawaiianIs22PhysicalGeographyStudent,ZionNationalPark,Utah,2002PhysicalGeographyStudent,Zi23RockyMountainNationalPark,2003RockyMountainNationalPark,24MilfordSound,NewZealand2002MilfordSound,NewZealand20025JoshuaTree,2004JoshuaTree,200426Taos,NewMexico,2003Taos,NewMexico,200327SugarCaneField,Maui,HawaiianIslands,2003SugarCaneField,Maui,Hawaii28CadizDunes,MojaveDesert,2002CadizDunes,MojaveDesert,2029FranzJosephGlacier,NewZealand,2002FranzJosephGlacier,NewZeal30IntroductiontoCulturalGeographyDefinitionofCulturalGeographyHistoryoftheDisciplineFundamentalConceptsIntroductiontoCulturalGeogr31Whatareitselements?LanguageReligionFoodClothingArtMusicRitualsandCustomsHowisittransferred?ParentstoChildrenSchoolingTelevision,Films,Radio,andInternetWhatisCULTURE?Whatareitselements?Whatis32WhatisCULTURE?Cultureislearnedbehaviorthatispassedonbyimitation,instruction,andexample.Cultureisalmostentirelyrelative.Properbehaviorshiftsfromculturetoculture.U.S.currentproblems:1)littlesharedculture;2)nooneisteachingculture.Forexample:sexeducation-Home?School?Note:experiencinganothercultureisusefulforgainingperspectiveonyourown.Harshestpunishmentinhistory?:banishmentin“primitive”cultures.WhatisCULTURE?Cultureislea33GeographicImportanceofCultureGeographersstudyculturebecauseitleavesdramaticimprintsontheearth,bothphysicalandcultural.Language:acrystalballintoculture.Religion:strongestdeterminantofethics.NationalismandBordersMaterialCulture:tools,clothes,toys,etc.Architecture:Suburbangaragesvs.earlierporchesReligion:affectssocietalchoices;createssacredspaceGeographicImportanceofCultu34TheCulturalLandscapeTheresultofthenaturalenvironmentandallofthechangestoitasaresultofaparticularculture.Inotherwords,itisculturesimprintontheland.(CarlSauer)EnvironmentalDeterminism:environmentisprimarydeterminantofculture.Possibilism:humansareprimarydeterminantofculture,withinlimitssetbytheenvironment.TheCulturalLandscapeTheresu35N.Y.C.EnvironmentallyDetermined?N.Y.C.36WhataboutBali,Indonesia?WhataboutBali,37文化地理学(英文)课件38文化地理学(英文)课件39文化地理学(英文)课件40文化地理学(英文)课件41KeyConcepts:SpaceLatitudeandLongitude-areferencesystemdesignedtoprovide“absolute”location(asopposedtorelativelocations).Asystemusedtodesignatespace.ParallelsofLatitudeMeridiansofLongitudeKeyConcepts:SpaceLatitudean42文化地理学(英文)课件43TheGeographicGridLatitude

-angularmeasurementofdistancenorthorsouthoftheEquator.Range:0-90degreesNorS1olatitude=approx.69miles(25,000mi./360o).TheGeographicGridLatitude-44TheGeographicGridLongitude-theangularmeasurementofdistanceeastorwestofthePrimeMeridian.Range:0o-180oEorWMaximumvaluereachedatInternationalDateLine-180oTheGeographicGridLongitude-45KeyConcepts:

Tobler’s1stLawofGeographyAllthingsarerelated.However,allotherthingsbeingequal,thosethingsthatareclosesttogetheraremorerelated.RelatedConcepts:DistanceDecay/FrictionofDistanceSpatialInteractionMovementKeyConcepts:

Tobler’s1stLa46文化地理学(英文)课件47文化地理学(英文)课件48文化地理学(英文)课件49KeyConceptsREGION–anareadefinedbysharedcharacteristic3TypesofCultureRegionsFormal-allmembersshareacharacteristicFunctional-definedbyanodeofactivityanddistancedecayfromcenterVernacular-perceptionofculturalidentityKeyConceptsREGION–anaread50OverlappingFormalandFunctionalRegionsOverlappingFormalandFunctio51VernacularRegionsVernacularRegions52DiffusionThespreadofpeople,customs,phenomenon,objects,orideas.

FourTypes:RelocationHierarchicalContagiousStimulusUsethesetermstoexplainthespreadof:DiseasesPopularMusicDemocraticRevolutionsReligiousPracticesDiffusionThespreadofpeople53SenseofPlaceEveryplaceisunique.Imaginewhereyoulivedasachild.Whereishome?Whyandhowdoplacestakeonmeaningforhumanindividuals?SensoryArchitectureSymbolicWhyiseachplaceunique?Keyworks:PlaceandPlacelessness-Relph,1978Topophilia-Tuan,Yi-FuSenseofPlaceEveryplaceisu54SenseofPlaceGroveland,CABourbonStreetSenseofPlaceGroveland,CABou55WhatkindsofculturalvaluesarereflectedineachoftheseAmericanhouses?

Gatedcommunity?Whatkindsofculturalvalues56Wherearewe?Whatvaluesarereflectedineach?Whatrelationtophysicalenvironment?Wherearewe?Whatvaluesare57MosqueinIstanbul,TurkeyTimberHouse,SwitzerlandYurtonMongolianSteppeSuburbanHome,ChicagoMosqueinIstanbul,TurkeyTimb58Human-EnvironmentInteraction

(CulturalEcology)Successfulculturesarethosethatadaptwelltotheirenvironments.(ChacoCanyon,NorthAfrica,FertileCrescent,EasterIsland)ChacoCanyon,NewMexicoEasterIsland,PolynesiaHuman-EnvironmentInteraction

59KeyConcepts:

Core-PeripheryCoreU.S.,Europe,Japan,AustraliaWealthyPowerfulControlsMediaandFinanceTechnologicallyadvancedPeripheryLessDevelopedPoorDependentuponCorecountriesfor:EducationTechnologyMediaMilitaryEquipmentKeyConcepts:

Core-PeripheryCo60KeyConcepts:

Core-PeripheryKeyConcepts:

Core-Periphery61GeographyandPoliticsTiestoMilitaryRoleinColonizationRoleinImperialismRoleinColdWarEthnocentrismMasculinismForeign-4)Situatedinanabnormalorimproperplace.5)Notnatural:alien.TheAmericanHeritageDictionaryGeographyandPoliticsTiesto62GlobalizationTheincreasinginterconnectednessofdifferentpartsoftheworldthroughcommonprocessesofeconomic,political,andculturalchange.Economicglobalizationishappeningfastest.Panama,1997GlobalizationTheincreasingin63EndofSlidesEndofSlides64CulturalGeographyPtolemy’sFirstWorldMap,circaA.D.150CulturalGeographyPtolemy’sFi65MichaelReedOffice:NaturalSciences(NS)209

Phone:310-660-6016

Email:mreed@WebPage:/Faculty/mreed/index.htm

B.A.History,BrownUniversity,1992GeographyCoursework,CabrilloCollege,1995M.A.Geography,SDSU,1999AssociateProfessorofGeography,GlendaleCC,2000-2005InstructorofGeography,ElCaminoCC,2005-present.27jobsatlastcount,includingtourguide,gondolier,waiter,newspaperreporter,N.Y.C.fashionexecutive,McDonald’skitchencrew,stereosalesman,shoesalesman,receptionist,andmanyothers.MichaelReedB.A.History,Bro66MyTeachingPhilosophyItrytoteachthisclassthesameasIwouldanywhereelse.Communitycollegesshouldnotbesecondrate.Youareresponsibleforyourowneducation,particularlynowthatyouareincollege.Iamaguide,ahelper,ifyouwill.Collegeiswhatyoumakeofit.Iconsidermyresponsibilitiestoincludefairness,honesty,andcompassion.Mostofall,Ithinkitismyjobtoearnestlyattempttomakegeographyinterestingandfun,withoutmakingitfrivolous.Ipromisethis:ifyoutakethisclassseriously,youwilllearnagreatdealabouttheworld.MyTeachingPhilosophyItryto67WhatisGeography?Organizedknowledgeoftheearthastheworldofpeople.

DaveBaloghGeographyisarepresentationofthewholeknownworldtogetherwiththephenomenawhicharecontainedtherein.

Ptolemy,Geographia2ndCenturyA.D.Geographyisthescienceofplace.Itsvisionisgrand,itsviewpanoramic.ItsweepsthesurfaceoftheEarth,chartingthephysical,organicandculturalterrain,theirarealdifferentiation,andtheirecologicaldynamicswithhumankind.Itsforemosttoolisthemap.

LeonardKrishtalka,CarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistory,20thCenturyA.D.WhatisGeography?Organizedkn68WhatisGeography?Geographyisthestudyofwhatiswhereandwhyit’sthere. MikeReedWhatisGeography?Geographyis69Five“KeyThemes”ofGeography1.Location

–specificlocation,where?

2.Place

–

uniquepropertiesofaplace3.Movement

–diffusion,communications4.Region

–anarea’suniformcharacteristics5.

Human-EarthRelationships

–

humaninteractionwithanenvironmentFive“KeyThemes”ofGeography70Okay,butwhatexactlyisit?Well,it’sawayofthinkingaboutintellectualproblems,bothnaturalandsocietal,whichemphasizestheimportanceofspatialrelationshipsbetweencultureandtheenvironment.Takeanysocialorenvironmentalquestionorproblemandaskyourselfwhetherthereisaspatialaspecttoitsanswer.Chancesarethatspaceandplaceplayaroleintheexplanationofthatissue. MikeReed,MakingItUpAsIGoForexample:

Whyaresomanyplantandanimalspeciesbecomingextinctattheendofthetwentiethcentury?WhydotherealwaysseemtobebeensomanywarsinAfrica?HowdidhumanbeingscometobeinNorthAmericaiftheyevolvedinAfrica?WhyarethelargestanimalsstillaliveinAfricabutnotinEuropeorNorthAmerica,eventhoughpeoplecamelatertothoseregions?WhyiscornsuchanimportantpartofatraditionalMexicandiet?WhyaresomebeersknownasIndiaPaleAles?Okay,butwhatexactlyisit?71DivisionsofGeography

PhysicalGeography

HumanGeographyRocksandMineralsPopulationLandformsSettlementsSoilsEconomicActivitiesAnimalsTransportationPlantsRecreationalActivitiesWaterReligionAtmospherePoliticalSystemsRiversandOtherWaterBodiesSocialTraditionsEnvironmentHumanMigrationClimateandWeatherAgriculturalSystemsGeographyisabridgebetweenthenaturalandsocialsciences.Geographyisaholisticorsynthesizingscience.DivisionsofGeography

Physic72文化地理学(英文)课件73TheGeographyofBreakfastTakeaminutetowritedownallofthefoodanddrinkyouatebeforecomingtoclasstoday.TheGeographyofBreakfastTake74BreakfastFoodsFood PlaceofOrigin CurrentProductioncoffee Ethiopia Tropicsoranges SouthAsia,India US,Mediterraneanpork China,SouthAsia Worldwidewheat NearEast US,Russia,Argentinatea China Asiaoats NearEast TemperateClimatespepper SouthAmerica S.America,WorldwideBreakfastFoodsFood Placeof75TopTenCoffeeGrowingCountries(Yellow)FirstdomesticatedinEthiopia,coffeehascometobeamajorexportcropforcolonialcountriesandcontinuestoprovidemuchoftheexportincomeintheselessdevelopedcountries.InUganda,70-80%ofexportrevenueisgeneratedbycoffee.Manyissuesareraisedbythecontinuationofsuchcolonialeconomics.COFFEETopTenCoffeeGrowingCountri76Fieldwork:GeographersasModernExplorersandObserversFieldwork:GeographersasMode77China,2004China,200478CostaRicaCostaRica79NavajoGuide,MonumentValley,1997NavajoGuide,MonumentValley,80Shanghai,China

2004Shanghai,China

200481Rarotonga,CookIslands,2002Rarotonga,CookIslands,200282CinqueTerra,Italia,2001CinqueTerra,Italia,200183Mt.SanJacintoStatePark,Idylwild,CA,2001Mt.SanJacintoStatePark,Id84Baja,1996Baja,199685HonoluaBay,Maui,HawaiianIslands,2003HonoluaBay,Maui,HawaiianIs86PhysicalGeographyStudent,ZionNationalPark,Utah,2002PhysicalGeographyStudent,Zi87RockyMountainNationalPark,2003RockyMountainNationalPark,88MilfordSound,NewZealand2002MilfordSound,NewZealand20089JoshuaTree,2004JoshuaTree,200490Taos,NewMexico,2003Taos,NewMexico,200391SugarCaneField,Maui,HawaiianIslands,2003SugarCaneField,Maui,Hawaii92CadizDunes,MojaveDesert,2002CadizDunes,MojaveDesert,2093FranzJosephGlacier,NewZealand,2002FranzJosephGlacier,NewZeal94IntroductiontoCulturalGeographyDefinitionofCulturalGeographyHistoryoftheDisciplineFundamentalConceptsIntroductiontoCulturalGeogr95Whatareitselements?LanguageReligionFoodClothingArtMusicRitualsandCustomsHowisittransferred?ParentstoChildrenSchoolingTelevision,Films,Radio,andInternetWhatisCULTURE?Whatareitselements?Whatis96WhatisCULTURE?Cultureislearnedbehaviorthatispassedonbyimitation,instruction,andexample.Cultureisalmostentirelyrelative.Properbehaviorshiftsfromculturetoculture.U.S.currentproblems:1)littlesharedculture;2)nooneisteachingculture.Forexample:sexeducation-Home?School?Note:experiencinganothercultureisusefulforgainingperspectiveonyourown.Harshestpunishmentinhistory?:banishmentin“primitive”cultures.WhatisCULTURE?Cultureislea97GeographicImportanceofCultureGeographersstudyculturebecauseitleavesdramaticimprintsontheearth,bothphysicalandcultural.Language:acrystalballintoculture.Religion:strongestdeterminantofethics.NationalismandBordersMaterialCulture:tools,clothes,toys,etc.Architecture:Suburbangaragesvs.earlierporchesReligion:affectssocietalchoices;createssacredspaceGeographicImportanceofCultu98TheCulturalLandscapeTheresultofthenaturalenvironmentandallofthechangestoitasaresultofaparticularculture.Inotherwords,itisculturesimprintontheland.(CarlSauer)EnvironmentalDeterminism:environmentisprimarydeterminantofculture.Possibilism:humansareprimarydeterminantofculture,withinlimitssetbytheenvironment.TheCulturalLandscapeTheresu99N.Y.C.EnvironmentallyDetermined?N.Y.C.100WhataboutBali,Indonesia?WhataboutBali,101文化地理学(英文)课件102文化地理学(英文)课件103文化地理学(英文)课件104文化地理学(英文)课件105KeyConcepts:SpaceLatitudeandLongitude-areferencesystemdesignedtoprovide“absolute”location(asopposedtorelativelocations).Asystemusedtodesignatespace.ParallelsofLatitudeMeridiansofLongitudeKeyConcepts:SpaceLatitudean106文化地理学(英文)课件107TheGeographicGridLatitude

-angularmeasurementofdistancenorthorsouthoftheEquator.Range:0-90degreesNorS1olatitude=approx.69miles(25,000mi./360o).TheGeographicGridLatitude-108TheGeographicGridLongitude-theangularmeasurementofdistanceeastorwestofthePrimeMeridian.Range:0o-180oEorWMaximumvaluereachedatInternationalDateLine-180oTheGeographicGridLongitude-109KeyConcepts:

Tobler’s1stLawofGeographyAllthingsarerelated.However,allotherthingsbeingequal,thosethingsthatareclosesttogetheraremorerelated.RelatedConcepts:DistanceDecay/FrictionofDistanceSpatialInteractionMovementKeyConcepts:

Tobler’s1stLa110文化地理学(英文)课件111文化地理学(英文)课件112文化地理学(英文)课件113KeyConceptsREGION–anareadefinedbysharedcharacteristic3TypesofCultureRegionsFormal-allmembersshareacharacteristicFunctional-definedbyanodeofactivityanddistancedecayfromcenterVernacular-perceptionofculturalidentityKeyConcept