高考英语语法 非限制性定语从句课件

限制性定语从句非Non-restrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句非Non-restrictiveAt1限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如:a)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意22.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中,关系词不可省略。如：Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,3Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。品味一“翻”

品味：两者翻译的不同不只两个弟弟只有两个弟弟有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。Shehastwobrotherswhoarew4下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差,意义大相径庭。Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,这会使他显得与众不同。下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差,意义大相径庭。5非限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分非限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Shehastw6关系词指人指物在定语从句中的作用√主语 宾语主语 宾语主语宾语√√宾语whowhomwhichas√非限制性定语从句的关系代词的指代关系关系代词√

定语√whose指代整个主句关系词指人指物在定语从句中的作用√主语 宾语主语 宾语主语7关系副词（where,when）的指代关系指地点指时间在定语从句中的作用√√时间状语地点状语that，why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。tipsas引导非限制性定语从句位置活跃，可以用在主句前，也可以用在主句后，指代整个主句的内容。常译为“正如，好像”介词+which关系副词wherewhen关系副词（where,when）的指代关系指地点指时间在定语81.Hegavemeapen

heboughtyesterday.2.Hegavemeapen,whichheboughtyesterday.关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语不可以省略。LookatthefollowingsentencesandtellthedifferencesoftheAttributiveClauses.1.Hegavemeapenhebought93.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语,而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫,这事令我十分恐惧。析:从语境可知,令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句,此时应由which引导定语从句。3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词10eg.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语,令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。析:从语境可知,令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句,此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。eg.Afive-year-oldboycansp11Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldier

alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学.(意含:她还有其他哥哥)比较下列句子:Herbrotherwhoisnowasold12Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她只有一个哥哥)Herbrother,whoisnowasold13当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时，可以先找出定语从句和先行词，然后再分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。如果先行词在从句中作主语或宾语，就要考虑选用__________,如果先行词做_______,要考虑选用关系副词。整理一关系代词状语当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时，可以先找出定语从句和先行词14which,as在引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：which可以代指主句的部分内容，也可以代指整个主句的内容

as代指整个主句，表达整个主句的内容2.as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句之前的位置，可以放在主句之后

which引导的非限制性定于从句只能跟在主句后，不能放在句首3.当非限制性定语从句为否定句或者具有否定意义时用which,不用as4.as表达”正如,就像”之意整理二which,as在引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：整理二15品读规律Tomfoundtheancientbook,whichwasbroken.Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.先行词指物,在从句中做主或宾语,用关系词which,不能用thatAs引导的非限制性定语从句,常位于句首,which不可以先行词在从句做定语,用关系词whose品读规律Tomfoundtheancientbook16介词+关系代词,介词的选用,要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行词在从句中做时间状语,用when或介词+which。Cindyisalovelygirl,with

whommanypeopleliketomakefriends.

介词+关系代词,介词的选用,要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。17经典例题1.As＿＿＿announcedintoday'spapers,theShanghaiExportCommoditiesFairisalsoopenonSundays.AbeingBisCtobeDare只要引导非限定性定语从句as和which都可以指一句话内容，区别在于which只能放在它所指那句话的后面，而as可以在前面也可以在后面。B经典例题1.As＿＿＿announcedintod182.Sheisalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,______,ofcourse,makestheothersunhappy.

A.whatB.forthatC.thatD.whichWhich在此处引导非限定性定语从句，注意分析句法成分，不要受“ofcourse”干扰．Ｄ3.

Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,______cameasasurprise.

A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he

此句为非限定性从句,不能用that修饰,而用which.it和he都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。C2.Sheisalwaysspeakinghigh19尝试篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause尝试篇non-restrictiveattributive20错漏“摆”出1.PeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.2.ManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.3.WhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotfromthepollutedmilk.hewhothen去掉WhichAs错漏“摆”出1.Peopleareexcitedto21错漏“摆”出4.LinHaoisahero,whoweshouldlearn.5.ChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.6.IdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.whofromwhomthatwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhoweshouldlearnfrom错漏“摆”出4.LinHaoisahero,wh22小试牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetition小试牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributi23Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/inwhichHangzhouisabeautifulcity,245.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,25習慣篇开心十分篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause習慣篇开心十分篇non-restrictiveattrib26“Doctor,”shesaidloudly,breakingintotheroom,_____therewasaman,“Iwantyoutotellwhatiswrongwithme.”Helookedatherfromheadtofoot,thensaid,“____isshowninthemirror,I'vejustthreethingstotellyou.FillintheblankswithproperlinkwordsThedoctorlivesdownstairswhereAs“Doctor,”shesaidloudly,bre27First,Isuggestyou,mylady,_________weightneedsreducingbynearlyfiftypounds.Second,youmayuse1/10asmuchlipstick(口红),by______youwillbeprettier.Andthird,I’manartist---thedoctor,______youarelookingfor,livesdownstairs."whichwhomwhoseFirst,Isuggestyou,mylady,28

1.TheBeatles,___manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.

what

B.that

C.how

D.as

解析:D本题考查非限制性定语从句,as可引导非限制性定语从句,相当于which。真题解析1.TheBeatles,___manyofyo292._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.

A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.what

解析:B

本题考察非限定性定语从句。

as引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，意思是“正如……”,as在从句中充当主语时常用结构:asisknown,asissaid,asisreported等,所以答案是B。2._____isknowntoeverybody303.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he

解析:C

此为非限定性从句,不能用

that引导,而用which。it和he都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接,况且选he句意不通。3.Alicereceivedaninvitatio314.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.it解析:Bwhich可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。that不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不是连词,在英语语法上行不通。4.Theweatherturnedouttob32Shewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

练一练Shewasalwaysspeakinghighly333.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

3.Thegentleman______yout345.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大楼)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_357.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame_____itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,______manypeoplehavegonehome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.atwhichD.bywhichtimeBD7.Myhomevillageisnolonge369.Theboy______compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which10.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itB

B9.Theboy______composition3711.Mr.Wangisaboss,______factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich12.Idon'tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.AllA,B,andCA

D

11.Mr.Wangisaboss,______3813.Ishallneverforgettheyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,______hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who14._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.ItB

C

13.Ishallneverforgetthey3915.Isthisbook_____youwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD./16.Suchabook______youshowedmeisdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.whichC.asD.likeC

C

15.Isthisbook_____youwan4017.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks_____werepopularthen./B.thatC.whichD.who18.Thisisthestore____wevisitedthefamousshopassistants.A.whereB.thereC.thatD.whichB

A

17.Thespeakerspokeofsome4119.I’mgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing,_____myoldparentslive.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there20.Ifashophaschairs______womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereCD19.I’mgoingtospendmyholi42限制性定语从句非Non-restrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句非Non-restrictiveAt43限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如:a)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意442.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中,关系词不可省略。如：Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,45Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。品味一“翻”

品味：两者翻译的不同不只两个弟弟只有两个弟弟有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。Shehastwobrotherswhoarew46下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差,意义大相径庭。Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,这会使他显得与众不同。下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差,意义大相径庭。47非限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分非限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Shehastw48关系词指人指物在定语从句中的作用√主语 宾语主语 宾语主语宾语√√宾语whowhomwhichas√非限制性定语从句的关系代词的指代关系关系代词√

定语√whose指代整个主句关系词指人指物在定语从句中的作用√主语 宾语主语 宾语主语49关系副词（where,when）的指代关系指地点指时间在定语从句中的作用√√时间状语地点状语that，why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。tipsas引导非限制性定语从句位置活跃，可以用在主句前，也可以用在主句后，指代整个主句的内容。常译为“正如，好像”介词+which关系副词wherewhen关系副词（where,when）的指代关系指地点指时间在定语501.Hegavemeapen

heboughtyesterday.2.Hegavemeapen,whichheboughtyesterday.关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语不可以省略。LookatthefollowingsentencesandtellthedifferencesoftheAttributiveClauses.1.Hegavemeapenhebought513.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语,而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫,这事令我十分恐惧。析:从语境可知,令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句,此时应由which引导定语从句。3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词52eg.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语,令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。析:从语境可知,令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事,因此先行词为整个主句,此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。eg.Afive-year-oldboycansp53Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldier

alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学.(意含:她还有其他哥哥)比较下列句子:Herbrotherwhoisnowasold54Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她只有一个哥哥)Herbrother,whoisnowasold55当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时，可以先找出定语从句和先行词，然后再分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。如果先行词在从句中作主语或宾语，就要考虑选用__________,如果先行词做_______,要考虑选用关系副词。整理一关系代词状语当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时，可以先找出定语从句和先行词56which,as在引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：which可以代指主句的部分内容，也可以代指整个主句的内容

as代指整个主句，表达整个主句的内容2.as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句之前的位置，可以放在主句之后

which引导的非限制性定于从句只能跟在主句后，不能放在句首3.当非限制性定语从句为否定句或者具有否定意义时用which,不用as4.as表达”正如,就像”之意整理二which,as在引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：整理二57品读规律Tomfoundtheancientbook,whichwasbroken.Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.先行词指物,在从句中做主或宾语,用关系词which,不能用thatAs引导的非限制性定语从句,常位于句首,which不可以先行词在从句做定语,用关系词whose品读规律Tomfoundtheancientbook58介词+关系代词,介词的选用,要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行词在从句中做时间状语,用when或介词+which。Cindyisalovelygirl,with

whommanypeopleliketomakefriends.

介词+关系代词,介词的选用,要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。59经典例题1.As＿＿＿announcedintoday'spapers,theShanghaiExportCommoditiesFairisalsoopenonSundays.AbeingBisCtobeDare只要引导非限定性定语从句as和which都可以指一句话内容，区别在于which只能放在它所指那句话的后面，而as可以在前面也可以在后面。B经典例题1.As＿＿＿announcedintod602.Sheisalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,______,ofcourse,makestheothersunhappy.

A.whatB.forthatC.thatD.whichWhich在此处引导非限定性定语从句，注意分析句法成分，不要受“ofcourse”干扰．Ｄ3.

Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,______cameasasurprise.

A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he

此句为非限定性从句,不能用that修饰,而用which.it和he都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。C2.Sheisalwaysspeakinghigh61尝试篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause尝试篇non-restrictiveattributive62错漏“摆”出1.PeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.2.ManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.3.WhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotfromthepollutedmilk.hewhothen去掉WhichAs错漏“摆”出1.Peopleareexcitedto63错漏“摆”出4.LinHaoisahero,whoweshouldlearn.5.ChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.6.IdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.whofromwhomthatwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhoweshouldlearnfrom错漏“摆”出4.LinHaoisahero,wh64小试牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetition小试牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributi65Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/inwhichHangzhouisabeautifulcity,665.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,67習慣篇开心十分篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause習慣篇开心十分篇non-restrictiveattrib68“Doctor,”shesaidloudly,breakingintotheroom,_____therewasaman,“Iwantyoutotellwhatiswrongwithme.”Helookedatherfromheadtofoot,thensaid,“____isshowninthemirror,I'vejustthreethingstotellyou.FillintheblankswithproperlinkwordsThedoctorlivesdownstairswhereAs“Doctor,”shesaidloudly,bre69First,Isuggestyou,mylady,_________weightneedsreducingbynearlyfiftypounds.Second,youmayuse1/10asmuchlipstick(口红),by______youwillbeprettier.Andthird,I’manartist---thedoctor,______youarelookingfor,livesdownstairs."whichwhomwhoseFirst,Isuggestyou,mylady,70

1.TheBeatles,___manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.

what

B.that

C.how

D.as

解析:D本题考查非限制性定语从句,as可引导非限制性定语从句,相当于which。真题解析1.TheBeatles,___manyofyo712._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.

A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.what

解析:B

本题考察非限定性定语从句。

as引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，意思是“正如……”,as在从句中充当主语时常用结构:asisknown,asissaid,asisreported等,所以答案是B。2._____isknowntoeverybody723.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he

解析:C

此为非限定性从句,不能用

that引导,而用which。it和he都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接,况且选he句意不通。3.Alicereceivedaninvitatio734.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.it解析:Bwhich可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。that不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不是连词,在英语语法上行不通。4.Theweatherturnedouttob74Shewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

练一练Shewasalwaysspeakinghighly753.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

3.Thegentleman______yout765.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大楼)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_777.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame_____itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.Intheof