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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古商贸职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Feelingmoreandmore______,Nikiembracedthevibrantandstrong-wingedbutterflyashersymbolofnew-foundindependence.

问题1选项

A.cynical

B.abridged

C.accessible

D.autonomous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项cynical“愤世嫉俗的,冷嘲的”,B项abridged“删节的,削减的”,C项accessible“易接近的,可进入的”,D项autonomous“自治的,自主的”。由independence(独立)可知,对应D项符合。句意:感觉越来越自主,尼基接受了充满活力和有强壮翅膀的蝴蝶作为她新获得的独立的象征。因此,该题选择D项。

2.单选题

Thefamouspicture________inItalyisnowexhibitedinamuseuminParis.

问题1选项

A.thatshoot

B.itwasshot

C.asisshot

D.whichwasshot

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。句意:这张著名的照片()于意大利,现展览在巴黎的一家博物馆。四个选项都有shoot即“拍摄”的意思。因为照片只能被拍摄,所以要用被动语态,A选项排除。一个句子,没有从句连接词或者连词的话只能出现一套主谓结构,所以B不选;as可以引导状语从句充当从句主语,但是表因为,或者类比,C选项逻辑不通,所以答案选D。

3.单选题

Thereissupposedtobeasafety______whichmakesitimpossiblefortrainstocollide.

问题1选项

A.appliance

B.accessory

C.machine

D.mechanism

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项appliance“器具,器械”,B项accessory“配件,附件”,C项machine“机械,机器”,D项mechanism“机制,原理”。根据句子结构可知,空格处应该填入一个名词作which定语从句的先行词,在从句中充当主语,根据从句的内容“使火车不可能相撞”可推断,空格处填入mechanism“机制”符合语境。句意:应该有一种安全机制使火车不可能相撞。因此,该题选择D项正确。

4.单选题

Iwouldhavecomesooner,butI()thattheywerewaitingforme.

问题1选项

A.didn’tknow

B.haven’tknown

C.don’tknow

D.wouldhaveknown

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句子的前半部分wouldhavecome是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,表示我应该早点来的。所以句子的后半部分应该要用到过去式,表示过去不知道他们在等我。句意:我本可以早点来的,但我不知道他们在等我。综上所述,本题的正确答案是A选项。

5.单选题

Iwouldneverhave(

)acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate.

问题1选项

A.soughtfor

B.accountedfor

C.turnedup

D.resortedto

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。seekfor“寻求,追求”;accountfor“对…做出解释”;turnup“出现,发生”;resortto“依靠,求助于,诉诸”。句意:如果我没到如此绝望的地步,我是不会诉诸法律的。根据前后句意可知D项符合,答案D

6.单选题

France's(

)ofnucleartestingintheSouthPacificlastmonthtriggeredpoliticaldebatesandmassdemonstrations.

问题1选项

A.assumption

B.consumption

C.resumption

D.presumption

【答案】C

【解析】句意:上个月法国恢复在南太平洋的核试验引起了政治辩论和群众的抗议。

形近词辨析。Assumption假定,假设;consumption消费;resumption恢复;presumption推测,假定。因此C符合句意。

7.单选题

Therighttokeepyourpersonallifeprivate,particularlyifyou’reapublic(

),conflictswithafreepress.

问题1选项

A.personnel

B.image

C.figure

D.creature

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。personnel人事部门,全体人员;image影像;figure数字,人物;creature动物,生物。该句中指的是“如果你是一个公众人物”,故C项符合题意。句意:尤其如果你是公众人物,保护个人生活隐私的权利会与言论自由权相冲突。

8.单选题

Tworelatedparadoxesalsoemergefromthesamebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.ThefirstwasgivenextendedconsiderationbyHegel,whoarguedroughlyasfollows:oursensuousattentionandthatgivestotheworkofartitspeculiarindividuality.Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought.

Atthesametime,ourunderstandingoftheworkofartisinpartintellectual;weseekinitaconceptualcontentwhichitpresentstousintheformofanidea.Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask,for,byseparatingthecontentfromtheparticularform,itabolishesitsindividuality.Thecontentpresentedthenceasestobetheexactcontentofthatworkofart.Inlosingitsindividuality,thecontentlosesitsaestheticrealtyitthusceasestobeareasonforattendingtotheparticularworkandthatfirstattractedourcriticalattention.Itcannotbethisthatwesawintheoriginalworkandthatexplaineditspoweroverus.

Forthiscontent:displayedinthediscursiveidiomofthecriticalintellect,isnomorethanahusk,adiscardedrelicofameaningthateludedusintheactofseizingit.Ifthecontentisrobethetrueobjectofaestheticinterestitmustremainweddedtoitsindividuality:itcannotbedetachedfromits“sensuousembodiment”withoutbeingdetachedfromitself.Contentis,therefore,inseparablefromformandforminturninseparablefromcontent.(Itistheformthatitisonlybyvirtueofthecontentthatitembodies.)

Hegel'sargumentisthearchetypeofmany,allaimedatshowingthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformfromcontentandalsoimpossibletodoso.Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable.Tosupposethatcontentandformareinseparableis,ineffect,todismissbothideasasillusory,sincenotwoworksofancanthenshareeitheracontentoraform-the.formbeingdefinitiveofeach’work’sindividuality.

Inthiscase,noonecouldeverjustifyhisinterestinaworkofartbyreferencetoitsmeaning.

Theintensityofaestheticinterestbecomesapuzzling,andultimatelyinexplicable,featureofourmentallifeifontheotherhandweinsistthatcontentandformareseparable,weshallneverbeabletofind,throughastudyofcontent,thereasonforattendingtotheparticular"work-ofartthatintriguesus.Everyworkofartstandsproxyforitsparaphrase.Animpassablegapthenopensbetweenaestheticexperienceanditsground,andtheclaimthataestheticexperienceisintrinsicallyvaluableisthrownindoubt.

1.Hegelarguedthat(

).

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat

).

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatHegelbelieved?

4.Premisesthatarerelatedtoeachotherseemstobedispensablebecause

).

5.Thispassageismainlyabout(

).

问题1选项

A.itisoursensuousappreciationthatgivespeculiarindividualitytotheworkofart

B.itisthecontentoftheworkofartthatholdsourattention

C.theworkofartcannotbeunderstoodwithoutaprocessoflogicalthinking

D.Theformoftheworkofartiswhatoursensuousappreciationconcentrateson

问题2选项

A.theparadoxthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformcontentandalsoimpossibletodosocannotberesolvedbyrejectingitspremises

B.bothcontentandformoftheworkofartareillusory

C.thecometandform,oftheworkofartareseparable

D.aestheticexperienceisnotintrinsicallyvaluable

问题3选项

A.Thecontentandformoftheworkofartcannotbeseparatedfromeachother.

B.Thecontentoftheworkofartisalwaysthetrueobjectsofaestheticinterest.

C.Thecontentpresentedwithoutany'individualityisnotmecontentoftheworkofan.

D.Thecontentunderstoodbymeansofaprocessofdiscursivethoughtisnomorethanahusk.

问题4选项

A.Kantthinkstheyareindispensable

B.eitherofthemcanresolvetheparadox

C.thepremisesareseparated

D.thepremisescanaccountforthetheory

问题5选项

A.thesensuousappreciationofart

B.thebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience

C.howtoappreciatetheworkofart

D.therelationshipbetweenformandcontentoftheworkofan

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据文章第一段最后一句Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought可知选项D符合题意。

2.文章第四段but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到康德认为对两个前提中的一个予以否定是不可能的,选项A与之相符。

3.文章第二段Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask提到人们试图对艺术品找到一个实在东西表达其含义,但是没有成功,所以选项B的描述是错误的,符合题意。

4.文章第四段提到Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到这两个前提(premise)对解决这个自相矛盾(paradox)并没有用,所以他们是可有可无的。选项B符合题意。

5.文章主要讲述了黑格尔对艺术的内容和形式之间的关系的看法,所以选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Wecannotimaginewhatatoughjobitistoreadmusicfromaphotocopyofahandwritten()inoldGerman.

问题1选项

A.submission

B.manuscript

C.substance

D.manipulation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项submission“屈服,提交”,B选项manuscript“手稿,手抄本”,C选项substance“物质,要旨”,D选项manipulation“操纵,篡改”,句意:我们无法想象从古德语手抄本上阅读音乐是一项多么困难的工作。因此,B选项符合句意。

10.单选题

Manycriticsagreedthatbyandlarge,thismoviewasasuccessintermsofactingandphotography.

问题1选项

A.allatonce

B.byandby

C.tosomeextent

D.onthewhole

【答案】D

【解析】短语辨析。句意:评论家认为从总体上来说,这部电影在表演与摄影方面都表现得很出色。

allatonce突然,忽然。byandby不久以后。tosomeextent在一定程度上,在某种程度上。onthewhole总的来说,大体上。byandlarge大体上,总的来说。故选D。

11.单选题

)theissueofslaveryandracehasbeenfundamentalinAmerica’sdevelopment.

问题1选项

A.Promoting

B.Confronting

C.Conquering

D.Measuring

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:美国发展中所面临的最基本的问题是奴隶制与种族问题。promote“提升”;confront“面临”;conquer“战胜”;measure“测量”。根据句意,选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Theceremonywill()assoonastheministerarrives.

问题1选项

A.complete

B.descend

C.disperse

D.commence

【答案】D

【解析】complete完成;descend下降;disperse分散;commence开始。句意:只要部长一到,典礼就开始。

13.不定项选择题

Unfortunately,aftercompletingthesecondvolume,Manchester'shealthdeclinedandtherestoftheprojectstalled.Sogreatwaspublicinterestinthelong-delayedfinalvolumethatitwasthesubjectofafrontpagestoryinTheNewYorkTimes.

Eventually,in2003,ManchesteraskedhisfriendPaulReidtocompletethetrilogy.Now,nearlyadecadelater,ReidhaspublishedTheLastLion,thefinalpieceofthismonumentalundertaking.ReidstartswhenChurchillwasappointedprimeministerinMay1940andfollowshimthroughhisdeathin1965.WhilemostofthisvolumeisappropriatelydevotedtoWorldWarII,italsoincludesthevastexpansionoftheBritishwelfarestatefollowingthewar,thestartoftheColdWarandtheenormousdangersitcarried,andthelossoftheBritishEmpire.

Reidhaswrittenathoroughandcompleteanalysisoftheseyears,anditisaworthyfinaletothefirsttwovolumes.Exhaustivelyresearchedandcarefullywritten,itdrawsonafullrangeofprimaryandsecondarymaterials.Thisbookwillbeessentialreadingforthosewhoenjoyedthefirsttwovolumesandthosewithadeepinterestinunderstandingthisseminalfigureandhisplaceinhistory.

ReiddoesawonderfuljobofcapturingChurchillinallhiscomplexity.HegivesChurchillgreatpraiseforhispersonalcourageandinspirationalleadershipduringthedarkdayswhenBritainstoodalone,butheisequallyclearaboutChurchill'spoorstrategicjudgments,suchastheeffortstodefendGreeceandCrete,theAlliedassaultonAnzio,andthedecisiontosendthebattleshipPrinceofWalesandWinstonChurchillwasoneofthecentralstatesmenofthe20thcenturyand,almost50yearsafterhisdeath,remainsasubjectofenduringfascination.Partofthecurrentinterestinthisvenerablefigurecanbeattributedtotwosuperbbiographieswritteninthe1980sbyhistorianWilliamManchester:TheLastLion:VisionsofGloryandTheLastLion:Alone.Thesetwobooksexaminedthefirsttwo-thirdsofChurchill'slife.

battlecruiserRepulsetotheSouthChinaSeawithoutadequateaircoverwheretheywerepromptlysunkbytheJapanese.

HehighlightsChurchill'snaiveteindealingwithSovietPremierStalinintheearlyyearsofthewar,butpraiseshisprescienceinanticipatingStalin'slandgrabinEasternEuropeattheendoftheconflict.Reidalsogiveswelcomeattentiontoaspectsofthewar—suchasChurchill'sfearthattheUnitedStatesmightdecidetoputitsprimaryemphasisondefeatingJapanregardlessofthe“Germanyfirst”understandinghesharedwithRooseveltthathavereceivedlittleattentioninotherbooks.

1.WhatcanbeknownaboutthetwobiographiesofChurchill?

2.WhydidthebiographyoncebecomeafrontpagestoryintheNewYorkTimes?

3.Whydoesthethirdvolumeprovetobeworthy?

4.WhatcanweknowaboutChurchillthroughthethirdvolume?

问题1选项

A.Theywerewritteninaninterestingstyle.

B.TheywerewrittenpriortoChurchill'sdeath.

C.Theyaremainlywrittenfromahistoricalpointofview.

D.Theyhavehelpedintriguethereadersoveralongperiod.

问题2选项

A.Peoplewerelookingforwardtothepublicationofthefinalvolume.

B.Readerswereangrywiththeauthorforthedelayofthefinalvolume.

C.Thepublicationofthefinalvolumewasthenaheatedlydiscussedissue.

D.Readerswantedtoknowwhowouldbethenewauthorofthefinalvolume.

问题3选项

A.Itiswidelyreadandwelcomedbyreaders.

B.ItinvolvesenoughdetailsinChurchill'slife.

C.Itisbasedonthoroughandreliableresearch.

D.ItoffersauniqueunderstandingofChurchill.

问题4选项

A.Heisamanwithcomplexity.

B.HepulledBritainthroughWWII.

C.Hemademanystrategicmistakes.

D.Heiscourageousandinspirational

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.WhatcanbeknownaboutthetwobiographiesofChurchill?1.关于这两本丘吉尔传记,我们知道些什么?

A.Theywerewritteninaninterestingstyle.A.它们是用一种有趣的风格写的。

B.TheywerewrittenpriortoChurchill’sdeath.B.这些都是丘吉尔死前写的。

C.Theyaremainlywrittenfromahistoricalpointofview.C.它们主要是从历史的角度写的。

D.Theyhavehelpedintriguethereadersoveralongperiod.D.在很长一段时间里,它们激起了读者的兴趣。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第二段的内容:不幸的是,在完成第二卷后,曼彻斯特的健康状况下降了,第三卷也停滞了。公众对拖延已久的最后一卷非常感兴趣,以至于它成了《纽约时报》头版报道的主题。从中可知,在完成第二卷后,因为曼彻斯特的健康状况所以第三部迟迟没有动静,公众对这最后一卷很感兴趣,以至于它成为了《纽约时报》头版报道主题;综合理解可知,这说明前两部传记在很长一段时间里都激起了读者的兴趣。D选项符合题干。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“它们是用一种有趣的风格写的”和C选项“它们主要是从历史的角度写的”在文中没有提及,无中生有;

B选项“这些都是丘吉尔死前写的”根据第一段可知,丘吉尔的两部传记写于20世纪80年代,而在第三段提到丘吉尔是1965年去世的,所以丘吉尔传记是在他死后写的,该项反向干扰。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.WhydidthebiographyoncebecomeafrontpagestoryintheNewYorkTimes?2.为什么这本传记曾经成为《纽约时报》的头版新闻?

A.Peoplewerelookingforwardtothepublicationofthefinalvolume.A.人们期待着最后一卷的出版。

B.Readerswereangrywiththeauthorforthedelayofthefinalvolume.B.读者对作者推迟出版最后一卷感到愤怒。

C.Thepublicationofthefinalvolumewasthenaheatedlydiscussedissue.C.最后一卷的出版是当时热烈讨论的问题。

D.Readerswantedtoknowwhowouldbethenewauthorofthefinalvolume.D.读者们想知道谁将成为最后一卷的新作者。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段最后一句“公众对拖延已久的最后一卷非常感兴趣,以至于它成了《纽约时报》头版报道的主题”,理解可知,这本传记曾经成为《纽约时报》的头版新闻的原因是,人们对最后一卷兴趣浓厚,故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“读者对作者推迟出版最后一卷感到愤怒”与原文相反,反向干扰;

C选项“最后一卷的出版是当时热烈讨论的问题”和D选项“读者们想知道谁将成为最后一卷的新作者”没有提及,无中生有。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Whydoesthethirdvolumeprovetobeworthy?3.为什么第三卷是有价值的?

A.Itiswidelyreadandwelcomedbyreaders.A.它被读者广泛阅读和欢迎。

B.ItinvolvesenoughdetailsinChurchill’slife.B.它包含了丘吉尔生活的足够多的细节。

C.Itisbasedonthoroughandreliableresearch.C.它是建立在深入可靠的研究基础上的。

D.ItoffersauniqueunderstandingofChurchill.D.它提供了对丘吉尔的独特理解。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第四段前两句“里德对这几年写了一篇透彻而完整的分析,这是前两卷的一个有价值的结尾。经过详尽的研究和仔细的编写,它借鉴了全面的一手和二手资料。”,理解可知,因为第三卷是立足于全面可行的调查研究之上,所以它是有价值的。C项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“它被读者广泛阅读和欢迎”和D选项“它提供了对丘吉尔的独特理解”没有提到,无中生有;

B选项“它包含了丘吉尔生活的足够多的细节”与原文不符,第三卷的大量篇幅都是用来描述第二次世界大战以及战后面临的危险,并没有描述丘吉尔的生活,曲解原文。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.WhatcanweknowaboutChurchillthroughthethirdvolume?4.通过第三卷,我们能了解丘吉尔什么?

A.Heisamanwithcomplexity.A.他是一个复杂的人。

B.HepulledBritainthroughWWII.B.他带领英国度过了第二次世界大战。

C.Hemademanystrategicmistake.C.他犯了许多战略错误。

D.Heiscourageousandinspirational.D.他是勇敢的和鼓舞人心的。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据倒数第二段第一句“里德出色地描述了丘吉尔的复杂性”,以及后面对丘吉尔复杂性的说明,可推断,通过第三卷我们可以了解到丘吉尔的复杂性。故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“他带领英国度过了第二次世界大战”、C选项“他犯了许多战略错误”和D选项“他是勇敢的和鼓舞人心的”都是包括在A选项内的,以偏概全。

14.单选题

Intimesofeconomicdifficulty,corporatebudgetsforresearchdevelopmentareoften()beforeanyothers.

问题1选项

A.shifted

B.examined

C.slashed

D.presented

【答案】C

【解析】shift转移,变换;examine检查;slash削减;present提出,呈现。句意:在经济困难时期,企业的研究开发预算往往比其他任何时候都要先削减。选项C符合句意。

15.单选题

Shefelloffherhorseandbadly(

)herself.

问题1选项

A.wounded

B.damaged

C.injured

D.harmed

【答案】C

【解析】同义词辨析题。A选项wound“受伤”;B选项damage“损害”;C选项injure“伤害”;D选项harm“危害”。句意:她从马上摔下来,受了重伤。四个选项都有受伤的意思,但wound侧重于在战争中受伤;damage通常指对无生命物体造成的损害;injure侧重于意外事故导致的伤害;harm侧重于导致严重的后果。所以选项C更符合语境。

16.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandtranslateitintoChinese.WritetheChineseversionontheanswersheet.

Wenowknowthatadvancedscientificortechnicaltrainingisnotatallincompatiblewithacareerinpracticalaffairs.Onthecontrary,itprovesadepthanddisciplinethatcanbeofgreatvalueinthecomplextechnicalworldoftoday.Buttherearestillthosewhosaythatahighlevelofscientifictrainingproducesonlyspecialistswithanarrowoutlook.Thechargewasnevertrue,andthisbookisamplerefutationofit.Theauthorofthebookislivingproofthatthereisasolutiontotheancientdebateoverwhetherweshouldbetrainingspecialistsorgeneralists.Therearethosewhoarguethatthemodernworldisbuiltonspecialization,thatthosewhoreachthepeaksofperformanceareusuallyspecialists,andthatyouwillunderstandeverythingbetterifyouknowonethingindepth.Otherssaythatinthisworldofspecialists,wegravelyneedpeoplewiththebreadthtoseelifewholeandtoknitthespecialiststogether.Thetruthisthatweneedboth.Weareapproachingthetimewhennoonewillbeabletoplayaroleofleadershipinourcomplexsocietywhoisnotbothspecialistandgeneralist.

【答案】【参考译文】

我们现在知道,高级科学或技术培训与从事实际工作一点也不矛盾。相反,它证明了一种在当今复杂的技术世界中具有巨大价值的深度和规律。但仍有人说,高水平的科学培训只能培养出眼光狭隘的专家。这一指控从来都不是正确的,这本书充分驳斥了这一指控。这本书的作者就是活生生的证据,证明我们应该培养专家还是通才的古老争论是有解决办法的。有人认为,现代世界是建立在专业化的基础上的,那些达到业绩顶峰的人通常是专家,如果你深入了解一件事,你就会更好地理解一切。还有人说,在这个专家云集的世界里,我们非常需要有广度的人来看待整个生活,并把专家们联系在一起。事实是,我们两者都需要。我们正接近这样一个时代:在我们这个复杂的社会中,没有一个既不是专家又不是通才的人能够发挥领导作用。

17.单选题

Seniorcitizens,especiallythoseabove70,are____tosomeprivilegesinmanycountries.

问题1选项

A.enforced

B.engaged

C.enabled

D.entitled

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.enforced强制执行B.engaged从事;忙于

C.enabled使能够D.entitled使享有权利

【考查点】动词辨析

【解题思路】空格处填入的是动词,与其搭配的介词为to,其宾语为privileges“特权”,D选项entitled“使享有权利”能够满足语义搭配要求,且常搭配的介词为to,beentitledtosth“被赋予某种权利或享有某种资格”。

【干扰项排除】

A选项enforced“(enforcesthon/againstsb/sth)强制执行”,与“特权”及介词to不搭配;

B选项engaged“(beengagedin/onsth)从事;忙于”,与“特权”及介词to不搭配;

C选项enabled“使能够”,与“特权”不搭配,语义不完整。

【句意】在许多国家,老年人,尤其是70岁以上的老年人享有一些特权。

18.单选题

RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.SpringwasborninEnglandin1813andarrivedinPhiladelphiain1858toopenabookstore.AtfirstheprospectedbysellinghissmallbutgenuinecollectionofearlyUSautographs.Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.

Forgershaveahardtimesellingtheirproducts.Aforgercan'tapproacharespectablebuyerbutmustdealwithpeoplewhodon'thavemuchknowledgeinthefield.Forgershavemanywaystomaketheirworklookreal.Forexample,theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.

Inspring'stime,rightaftertheCivilWar.BritainwasstillfondoftheSouthernstates,soSpringinventedarespectablemaidenladyknownasMissFannyJackson,theonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.ForseveralyearsMissFanny'sfinancialproblemsforcedhertosellagreatnumberoflettersandmanuscriptsbelongingtoherfamousfather.Springhadtoworkveryhardtosatisfythedemand.AllthisactivitydidnotpreventSpringfromdyinginpoverty,leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.

1.WhydidSpringsellhisfalseautographsinEnglandandCanada?

2.AftertheCivilWartherewasagreatdemandinBritainfor().

3.RobertSpringspent15years().

4.WhowasMissFannyJackson?

5.HowdidRobertSpringstarttosellforgeries?

6.AllofthefollowingarewaysaforgerusesEXCEPT().

7.WecaninferthatGeneral“StonewallJackson”was().

8.Wecaninferthatsharp-eyedexpertsarethosewho().

问题1选项

A.TherewasagreaterdemandtherethaninAmerican.

B.Therewaslesschanceofbeingdetectedthere.

C.BritainwasSpring'sbirthplace.

D.ThepriceswerehigherinEnglandandCanada.

问题2选项

A.southernmoney

B.signatureofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklin

C.southernmanuscriptsandletters

D.CivilWarbattleplans

问题3选项

A.runningabookstoreinPhiladelphia

B.correspondingwithMissFannyJackson

C.asaforger

D.asrespectabledealer

问题4选项

A.TheonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.

B.Alittleknowngirlwhosoldherfather'spapertoRobertSpring.

C.RobertSpring'sdaughter.

D.AnimaginarypersoncreatedbySpring

问题5选项

A.Hediscoveredthathehadtheabilityofcopyinghandwriting.

B.Hewasalmostdyinginpoverty.

C.ThecollectionofearlyUSautographswasallsoldout.

D.Hewastryingtomakealiving.

问题6选项

A.Buyingoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage

B.treatingpaperwithchemicals

C.treatinginkwithchemicals

D.addingnewpaperintotheoldbooks

问题7选项

A.arealperson

B.animaginaryperson

C.anunknownperson

D.notageneralatall

问题8选项

A.havegoodeyesighttoreadbooks

B.arehighlyskilledatdistinguishingtheforgeriesandtheoriginals

C.haveakeeninsightintounderstandingworldaffairs

D.canseefarintothedistance

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:B

【解析】1.根据关键词“EnglandandCanada”定位到第一段最后一句“Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.”Spring将赝品送到英国和加拿大售卖是因为被查到的机会更小,选项B符合原文。

2.根据第三段的内容可知,美国内战之后,英国人依然对南部各州情有独钟。于是Spring虚构出Jackson将军的独生女,因贫困卖掉大量属于她著名父亲的信件和手稿。所以选项C符合原文。

3.根据关键词“15years”定位到第一段第一句“RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.”19世纪的伪造者RobertSpring非常擅长自己的职业,他靠出售美国名人的假签名谋生15年。所以选项C正确。

4.根据第三段的内容以及关键词“invented”可知,FannyJackson只是Spring虚构出来的一个人物,目的是为了售卖他造假的Jackson将军的手稿和信件,所以选项D正确。

5.根据第一段倒数第二句“Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.”当他发现自己有抄写笔迹的能力,于是开始模仿乔治•华盛顿和本•富兰克林的签名,并把它们写在旧书的扉页上。选项A符合原文。

6.根据第二段的最后两句可知“theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.”他们买旧书来使用扉页的旧纸,他们可以用化学物质处理纸张和墨水。只有选项D没有提及。

7.根据第三段的内容可知,虽然FannyJackson是Spring虚构的人物,但“石墙”将军这个人是真实存在的,因为Spring所造假的手稿和信件是这位将军的,所以选项A正确。

8.根据最后一段最后一句“...leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.”留给目光敏锐的专家们一项艰巨的任务:将他(Spring)的赝品与真品分开。选项B符合原文。

19.单选题

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture(

).

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat

).

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe(

).

问题1选项

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

问题2选项

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

问题3选项

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transformedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

问题4选项

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

问题5选项

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.可知过去男女的分工明确,角色相对固定,因此选D。

第2题:主旨大意题。文章第二段主要讲述了反主流文化对男女分工角色的影响,再根据第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.(但是到了本世纪中叶,男性和女性的角色越来越不固定)可知C选项最符合题意。A选项“在20世纪50年代,经济和社会的成功是典型的美国人的目标”;B选项“但是在20世纪60年代,一支新的力量被称为反文化。参与这场运动的人并不重视美国中产阶级的目标;C选项“反主流文化为男性和女性提供了新的角色选择”;D选项“一些年轻男性拒绝应征当兵参加越南战争”。

第3题:推理判断题。由文章第三段中Butitsinfluencespread

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