考研考博-英语-广东司法警官职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东司法警官职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Hewasextremely（

）bytheillnessofhisdaughter.

问题1选项

A.agitated

B.exploited

C.influenced

D.dominated

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项agitate“使..不安”；B选项exploit“开发”；C选项influence“影响”；D选项dominate“控制，支配”。句意：女儿的疾病使他特别焦虑不安。选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

Wearetoldthemassmediaarethegreatestorgansforenlightenmentthattheworldhasyetseen;thatinBritain,forinstance,severalmillionpeopleseeeachissueofthecurrentaffairsprogrammeasPanoroma.Itistruethatneverinhumanhistoryweresomanypeoplesooftenandsomuchexposedtoomuchintimationaboutsocieties,formsoflife,andattitudesotherthanthosewhichtheyobtainintheirlocalsocieties.Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities,widthofjudgment,andasenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes.Yetinitselfsuchexposuredoesnotbringintellectualorimaginativedevelopment.Itisnomorethanthemassesofstonewhichliearoundinquarry(采石场)andwhichmay,conceivably,gotothemakingofacathedral.Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdonotalwayspromptotherstobuild.Forthestonesarepresentedwithinaself-containedandself-sufficientworldinwhich,itisimplied,simplytolookatthem,toobservefleetinglyindividuallyinterestingpointsofdifferencebetweenthemissufficientinitself.

Lifeisindeedfullofproblemsonwhichwehaveto—orfeelweshouldtryto—makedecisions,ascitizensorasprivateindividuals.Butneithertherealdifficultyofthesedecisions,northeirtrueanddisturbingchallengetoeachindividual,canoftenbecommunicatedthroughthemassmedia.Thedisinclinationtosuggestrealchoice,individualdecision,whichistobefoundinthemassmediaisnotsimplytheproductofacommercialdesiretokeepthecustomershappy.Itiswithinthegrainofmasscommunications.Theorgansoftheestablishment,howeverwell-intentionedtheymaybeandwhatevertheirform(theState,theChurch,voluntarysocieties,politicalparties),haveavestedinterestinensuringthatthepublicboatisnotviolentlyrocked,andwillsoaffectthosewhoworkwithinthemassmediathattheywillbeledinsensiblytowardsformsofproductionwhich,thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandinquiry,donotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchinquiriesmightreallyhurt.Theywilltendtomove,whenexposingproblems,wellwithintheacceptedclicheassumptionsofdemocraticsocietyandwilltendneitherradicallytoquestionclichesnortomakeadisturbingapplicationofthemtofeaturesofcontemporarylife.Theywillstressthe“stimulation”theprogramsgive,butthissoonbecomesanagitationofproblemsforthesakeoftheinterestofthatagitationitself;theywilltherefore,again,assistaformofacceptanceofthestatusquo(现状).Therewereexceptionstothistendency,buttheyareuncharacteristic.

1.Accordingtothepassage,themassmediapresentuswith（

）.

2.Whateffectisitclaimedthemassmediacanhaveonourintellectualandimaginativedevelopment?

3.Theauthorusesthecomparisonwithbuildingacathedralthat（

）.

4.Howarethemassmediasaidtoinfluenceourabilitytomakedecisions?

5.Themainweaknessofthemassmediaisidentifiedbytheauthoras（

）.

问题1选项

A.insufficientdiversityofinformation

B.toorestrictedaviewoflife

C.awiderangeoffactsandopinions

D.acriticalassessmentofoursociety

问题2选项

A.Theyarelikelytofrustratethisdevelopment.

B.Theycanformabasisforit.

C.Theycandistortourjudgment.

D.Theycanstimulatetoomuchmentalactivity.

问题3选项

A.worthwhileresultsdonotdependonrawmaterialonly

B.themediaevalmediahaddifferentbeliefs

C.greatworksofartrequiregoodfoundations

D.closeattentiontodetailisimportant

问题4选项

A.Theydisturbusbytheirprejudices.

B.Theymakeusdoubtourownjudgments.

C.Theymakenocontributioninthisarea.

D.Theymakedecisionswhichappeartoocomplicated.

问题5选项

A.fearoflosingthecustomer

B.thediverseviewsofthecontributors

C.servicetotheprofitmotive

D.tryingtocaterforavestrangeofaudience

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节题。第一段指出:人类历史上从来没有过如此多的人频繁地批露，诸如：社会、生活方式以及思想观念的阴暗面，而这些与人们从所处社会接收的那些信息是不同的。因此排除A、B项。第二段指出:Thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandenquiry,donotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchenquiresmightreallyhurt(尽管他们辩论、质疑，但仍然触及不到关键之处),由此推断D项(对社会的一个批判性评估)是大众传媒所不具备的。故选C项(广泛的事实和意见)。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词intellectualandimaginativedevelopment定位至第一段:Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities,widthofjudgment,andasenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes。据此可知B项正确。

3.推断题。根据题干定位至第一段:Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdonotalwayspromptotherstobuild,作者用建大教堂这个比喻说明有价值的结果不仅仅依靠原材料。故选A。

4.细节题。根据题干关键词定位至第二段。第二句说:大众媒介经常不能把做这些决定的困难进行报道，它不起作用，更不会使决定变得更为复杂。故选C。

5.细节题。作者认为大众传播媒介的主要弱点是为了获得利益,故C项(因为获利动机)正确。

3.单选题

Aftertheelection,anewsituationislikelyto（

）. 

问题1选项

A.rise

B.raise

C.arise

D.arouse

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近词辨析。rise“上升，增强”；raise“提升，增加，养育”；arise“出现，上升，起立”；arouse“引起，唤醒，鼓励”。句意：选举之后，一种新形势可能要出现了。C项符合题意。

4.单选题

Therain（）ourspiritsbecausewewereplanningtogoforapicnic.

问题1选项

A.decreased

B.dampened

C.moistened

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。句意:下雨我们的热情，因为我们本来要去野餐。Decreased降低，减少；dampened使...受挫；moistened弄湿；hampered妨碍。我们本来想去野餐，但是下雨妨碍了我们去野餐的热情。故选D。

5.单选题

Ican'twaittohearaboutyourEnglishclass

问题1选项

A.ameagerto

B.amlateto

C.amindifferent

D.amhappyto

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语词义辨析。题目中can'twaittodosth表示“迫不及待去做某事”；A选项为“渴望去做某事”；B选项为“迟到”;C选项为“对……漠不关心”；D选项为“开心做某事”。由题意可知，我已经迫不及待要听你的英语课了。因此，正确答案是A项。

6.单选题

Nowscientistscannotrealize（）soonthatexistingscientificknowledgeisnotnearlysocomplete,certainandunalterableasmanytextbooksseemtoimply.

问题1选项

A.so

B.very

C.too

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】cannot...too...“无论怎样……也不过分”“越……越好”。本句意为：“现有的科学知识并不像课本中所说的那么完善、肯定、不可改变，对于这一点科学家认识得越早越好。”其他选项均无此搭配。

7.写作题

Describechildrensurfingthenetbrieflyandgiveyourcomments.

【答案】Nowadays,theInternetisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsthroughouttheworld.TheInternetisacollectionofvariousservicesandresourcesforpeople.AlmostallhouseholdshaveaccesstotheInternet；however,beforepeopleconnectingtheInternet,theyneedtobeawareofitsdisadvantagesandadvantages.Childrenofnetusershavebecomeabigconcern.MostparentsdonotrealizethedangersinvolvedwhentheirchildrenlogontotheInternet.Whenchildrenareonline,theycaneasilybeluredintosomethingdangerous.Whenchildrentalktoothersonline,theydonotrealizetheycouldactuallybetalkingtoaharmfulperson.Asaresult,therehavebeenmanycaseswherechildrenhavebeenconvincedtomeetpeopletheyhavetalkedwithonline.Inaddition,childrenmayalsoreceivepornographyonlinebymistake;therefore,causingconcernamongparentseverywhere.WhethersurfingtheWeb,readingnewsgroups,orusingemail,childrencanbeexposedtoextremelyinappropriatematerial.Pornographicsitestendtomakesuretheyarethefirstsitestobelistedinanysearcharea；thus,childrencomeacrosssuchsiteseasily.

Wecouldcontroltheissuefromthefollowingthreeaspects.Firstandforemost,parentsareresponsiblefortheirownchildrenontheInternetbecausethereareavailableservicestoprotectchildren.Further,tokeepchildrensafe,parentsandteachersmustbeawareofthedangers.Theymustactivelyguideandguardtheirchildrenonlineandshouldtalktochildrenaboutwhatisonlineandwhatmighthappenonline.Inaddition,thecompaniesshoulddevelopanumberoftoolsavailabletodaythatmayhelpkeeptheInternetenvironmentsaferforchildren.Inotherwords,childrenwanttoexplorethings；however,therearepeopleontheInternetthatarejusttoopersuasive.

8.单选题

Thefirstthingpeoplerememberaboutfailingatmathisthatitfeltlikesuddendeath.Whethertheincidentoccurredwhilelearning“wordproblems”insixgrade,orcopingwithequationsinhighschool,orfirstconfrontingcalculusandstatisticsincollege,failurecamesuddenlyandinaveryfrighteningway!Ifassumethatthecurriculumwasreasonable,andthatthenewideawasbutnextinaseriesoflearnableconcepts,thefeelingofutterdefeatwassimplynotrational;yet“mathanxious”collegestudentsandadultshaverevealedthatnomatterhowmuchtheteacherreassuredthem,theycouldnotovercomethatfeeling.

Acommonmythaboutthenatureofmathematicalabilityholdsthatoneeitherhasordoesnothaveamathematicalmind.Mathematicalimaginationandanintuitivegraspofmathematicalprinciplesmaywellbeneededtodoadvancedresearch,butwhyshouldpeoplewhocandocollege-levelworkinothersubjectsnotbeabletodocollege-levelmathaswell?Ratesoflearningmayvary.Competencyundertimepressuremaydiffer.Certainlylowself-esteemwillgetintheway.Butwhereistheevidencethatastudentneedsa“mathematicalmind”inordertosucceedatlearningmath?

Considertheeffectsofthismythology.Sinceonlyafewpeoplearesupposedtohavethismathematicalmind,partofwhatmakesussopassiveinthefaceofourdifficultiesinlearningmathematicsisthatwesuspectallthewhilewemaynotbeoneof“them”,andwespendourtimewaitingtofindoutwhenournon-mathematicalmindswillbeexposed.Sinceourlimitwilleventuallybereached,weseenopointinbeingmethodicalofinattendingtodetail.Wearegratefulwhenwesurvivefractions-wordproblemsorgeometry.Ifthatcertainmomentoffailurehasn’tstruckyet,itisonlytemporarilypostponed.

Parents,especiallyparentsofgirls,oftenexpecttheirchildrentobenon-mathematical.Parentsareeitherpooratmathortheyfailedthemselves.Ineithercase,theyunwillinglyfostertheideathatamathematicalmindissomethingoneeitherhasordoesnothave.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whoarelikelytoexperiencemathanxiety?

2.Howwould“mathanxious”studentsprobablyreacttotheirfailureatmath?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabout“mathanxious”students?

4.Theauthorbelievesthat（

）.

5.Thepassagecouldbestbeentitledby（

）.

问题1选项

A.Primaryschoolstudents.

B.Highschoolstudents.

C.Collegestudents.

D.Alloftheabove.

问题2选项

A.Slowdowntheirlessons.

B.Askmorequestionsthannecessary.

C.Gototheteacherforreassurance

D.Panicandacceptthedefeat.

问题3选项

A.Theyrealizethatthefeelingofutterdefeatisirrational.

B.Theyassumethatthecurriculumisnotreasonable.

C.Theyfeelthenewideasaretoodifficultforthemtolearn.

D.Theyregardthenewideasasonlysomethingtobeencounterednextinaseriesoflearnableconcepts.

问题4选项

A.apersoneitherhasordoesnothaveamathematicalmind

B.astudentneedsamathematicalmindtosucceedatlearningcollegelevelmath

C.peopledoingadvancedresearchinmathusuallyhavewhatiscalleda“mathematicalmind”

D.parentswhoarepooratmaththemselvesaremorelikelytoexpecttheirchildrentobenon-mathematical

问题5选项

A.MathAnxiety

B.OvercomingMathAnxiety

C.FailingtheMathExam

D.MathAnxiousStudents

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“根据文章内容，有可能遭受焦虑的人是……”。文章第一段提到“不论这样的情况出现在六年级，或者在应对数学方程式的中，或者第一次面对微积分与统计学的大学”（Whethertheincidentoccurredwhilelearning“wordproblems”insixgrade,orcopingwithequationsinhighschool,orfirstconfrontingcalculusandstatisticsincollege,failurecamesuddenlyandinaveryfrighteningway!），由此可知，各个学习阶段都会碰上数学难题，选项D符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“遭遇‘数学焦虑’的学生对自己数学不及格的可能反应是……”。文章第一段提到“彻底失败的感觉是不理智的；然后数学焦虑的大学生和成年人发现，无论老师怎么安慰他们，他们都无法克服这种感觉”（thefeelingofutterdefeatwassimplynotrational;yet“mathanxious”collegestudentsandadultshaverevealedthatnomatterhowmuchtheteacherreassuredthem,theycouldnotovercomethatfeeling），选项D“恐慌并接受失败”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“关于数学焦虑的学生，一下说法正确的是……”。文章第二段提到“但是为什么那些能做其他学科的大学水平作业的人却不能做大学水平的数学题呢？”（butwhyshouldpeoplewhocandocollege-levelworkinothersubjectsnotbeabletodocollege-levelmathaswell?），选项C“他们感觉自己很难学习新内容”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者认为……”。文章最后一段提到“他们不愿意树立这样一个观念，即有的人有数学头脑，有的人没有”（theyunwillinglyfostertheideathatamathematicalmindissomethingoneeitherhasordoesnothave），因此选项A符合题意。

5.推理判断题。题目问的是“本文最恰当的标题是……”。全文讲的都是跟数学焦虑（mathanxiety）相关的内容，因此选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Allparent-childrelationshipsdemandexcellentcommunicationskills,（）bothparentsandchildrenwillexperiencetremendousfrustrationsinfamilylife.

问题1选项

A.andthus

B.withoutthem

C.sothat

D.withoutwhich

【答案】D

【解析】定语从句。句意：所有的亲子关系都需要优秀的沟通技巧，（）父母和孩子将在家庭生活中经历巨大的挫折。前半句强调的是优秀沟通技巧的重要性，后半句表明了一个结果，由该结果“tremendousfrustrations巨大的挫折”可知应该是在没有优秀的沟通技巧的条件下才会出现的结果。故先排除AC项。此句为定语从句，which指代上文提到的excellentcommunicationskills,故本题答案为D。

10.单选题

Asmarketersincreasetheircommunicationthroughbothprintandelectronicchannels,theopportunityfor_______isgrowingrapidly.

问题1选项

A.fraud

B.jargon

C.pledge

D.motivation

【答案】A

【解析】fraud欺诈,骗子;jargon行话;pledge保证,许诺,抵押;motivation动机。句意：当营销人员通过印刷和电子渠道加强沟通的时候，也为欺诈行为提供了快速增长的机会。选项A符合句意。

11.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshavefiction,biography,poetry—weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionwhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor,trytobecomehim.Behisfellowworkerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserveandcriticizeasfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Buifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhints,fromthetwistandturnofthefistsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofhumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steepyourselfinthis,acquaintyourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.

Letmecometothepointboldly;whatgovernstheEnglishmanishisinneratmosphere,theweatherinhissoul.Itisnothingspiritualormysterious.When,inhisgardenorbyhisfire，hesprawlsinanaggressivelycomfortablechair;whenheischoosinghisclothesorhisprofession—neverisitaprecisereason,orpurpose,orouterfactthatdetermineshim;itisalwaystheatmosphereofhisinnerman.

【答案】既然书有小说、传记、诗歌之分，我们就应该把它们分类，从中吸收它们应该给予的知识。这说起来很容易。然而很少有人要求书本应该给予的知识。我们总是囫囵吞枣般去看书，要求小说必须真实，要求诗歌必须虚构，要求传记谄媚，要求历史书能加强自己的偏见。如果我们读书之前能抛开这些偏见，将会是一个好的开始。不要去强加你的想法给作者，而是要去理解他，成为他的伙伴。如果你将自己置身事外，并且从一开始就批判他，你就无法从书中获得最大的价值。但是如果你敞开心扉，那么书中精细入微的寓言和暗示便会让你从开头那些晦涩的句子中绕出来，把你带到一个独特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去钻研，你很快会发现，作者正向你阐述的或者是试图向你阐述的东西是一些比原来要明确得多的东西。

让我直接切入正题：支配英国人的是他内心的情调，灵魂深处的气象。它既不是精神上的，也不神秘。在花园中或者壁炉旁，他会伸展四肢躺在一张舒服的椅子上；当挑选衣服或者职业时，并不是有明确的理由、目的，或者外部条件来制约他的决定，仅仅取决于他内在的情调。

12.单选题

Inmyeyes,theoldgenerationisalways（）.

问题1选项

A.economic

B.costly

C.expensive

D.thrifty

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项economic“经济的；经济学的”；B选项costly“昂贵的；代价高的”；C选项expensive“昂贵的”；D选项thrifty“节检的；节约的”。句意：在我眼里，老一辈总是……的。关键词theoldgeneration老一辈的消费观偏向于节约。故选D。

13.单选题

Icutmyfingertwodaysagoandithasbecomebadly______.

问题1选项

A.infected

B.decayed

C.deteriorated

D.diseased

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项infected“受感染的，受细菌污染的”，B项decayed“腐烂的，腐败的”，C项deteriorated“恶化的，已变质的”，D项diseased“不健全的，患病的”。根据前面的句子Icutmyfingertwodaysago“两天以前我切到了手指”可知，空格部分表示“感染”符合语境。句意：我两天前割破了手指，现在感染得很严重。因此，该题选择A项正确。

14.单选题

Heisamongthoseluckystudentswhohavewon（

）tofirst-rateuniversity.

问题1选项

A.permission

B.admittance

C.profession

D.admission

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他是那些能幸运地进入一流大学的学生中的一员。

考查近义词辨析。permission允许，许可，一般用于givesb.permissiontodosth.允许某人做某事;admittance进入，入场权（尤指公共场所）;profession职业，声明，宣布；admission入学，承认,录用。因此D符合句意。

15.单选题

Trysomeofthiscake,whichI（）especiallyforyou.

问题1选项

A.boiled

B.baked

C.burned

D.roasted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。boil“煮沸”；bake“烤，烘焙”；burn“燃烧，烧毁”；roast“烤”。句意：吃一点这种蛋糕吧，这是我特意为你烘焙的。烤蛋糕用bake,故B项正确。

16.单选题

Thequestion______tomorrowiswhetherincometaxshouldbeincreased.

问题1选项

A.tobedebated

B.todebate

C.debated

D.thatitwillbedebated

【答案】A

【解析】考查后置定语。句意：明天要讨论的问题是是否应该提高所得税。根据question被debate确定用被动语态，不定式表目的可以用作定语成分，A选项tobedebated正确。D选项thatitwillbedebated中it作从句主语多余。因此A选项正确。

17.单选题

Itisironicthatthe_______insightsofthegreatthinkersarevoicedsooftenthattheyhavebecomemere_______.

问题1选项

A.original...cliches

B.banal...beliefs

C.dubious...habits

D.philosophical...questions

【答案】A

【解析】original...cliches原始的,独创的陈词滥调;banal...beliefs陈腐的信仰;dubious…habits可疑的习惯;philosophical...questions哲学的问题。句意：具有讽刺意味的是,伟大思想家的独到见解经常被人提出,以至于成为陈词滥调。选项A符合句意。

18.单选题

Tobea/an（

）istheambitionmostappropriateforthosewhoseetheworldasbeinginconstantchange,andwho,withoutthinkingthattheycancontrolit,wishtoinfluenceitsdirection.

问题1选项

A.incentive

B.facilitation

C.catalyst

D.cataclysm

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项incentive“动机，刺激”；B选项facilitation“简易化；便利；促进”；C选项catalyst“催化剂”；D选项cataclysm“灾难”。句意：对于那些认为世界在不断变化的人来说，成为一名……是最合适的抱负，他们不认为自己能控制世界，只希望影响世界的方向。根据句意，此处选择B选项更为合适。

19.单选题

FarmlandinpartsofJapanisnolongersafebecauseofhighlevelsofradiationinthesoil,scientistshavewarned,asthecountrystrugglestorecoverfromtheFukushimaatomicdisaster.Ateamofinternationalresearcherssaidfoodproductionwouldlikelybe"severelyimpaired"bytheelevatedlevelsofcaesium（放射性铯）foundinsoilsamplesacrosseasternFukushimainthewakeofmeltdownsatthetsunami-hitplant.Thestudysuggestsfarminginneighboringareasmayalsosufferbecauseofradiation,althoughlevelsdiscoveredtherewerewithinlegallimits."Fukushimaareaasawholeishighlypolluted,*'especiallytothenorthwestofthenuclearpowerplant,theresearcherssaid.Thestudylookedatcaesium-137,whichhasahalf-lifeof30yearsandthereforeaffectstheenvironmentfordecades.

Thelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoilwherericeisgrownofthesumofcaesium-134andcaesium-137,whicharealwaysproducedtogether,is5,000becquerelsperkilograminJapan.‘TheeastFukushimaareaexceededthislimitandsomeneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"thestudysaid."EstimatedandobservedpollutioninthewesternpartsofJapanwerenotasserious,eventhoughsomeareaswerelikelyaffectedtosomeextent,"itadded.

"Concentrationintheseareasarebelow25becquerelsperkilogram,whichisfarbelowthethresholdforfarming.However,westronglyrecommendeachareatoquicklycarryoutsomesupplementarysoilsamplingsatcitylevelstovalidateourestimates."

Thestudysaid‘foodproductionineasternFukushimaareaislikelyseverelyimpairedbythecaesium-137loadsofmorethan2,500becquerelsperkilogram’.

ThestudywasledbyTeppeiYasunarioftheUniversitiesSpaceResearchAssociationintheUSstateofMaryland.Heandhisteamuseddailyobservationsin.eachJapaneseareaandcomputer-simulatedparticledispersion,modelsbasedonweatherpatterns.

JapanhasbeenonalertfortheimpactofradiationsinceanearthquakeandresultingtsunamistruckthenortheastofthecountryonMarch11,damagingtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant.Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.

ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?

2.Fukushimaatomicdisaster’sdirectcauseis（

）.

3.Theradiationdidn’tgointo

（

）.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichattitudedoestheJapanesehave?

问题1选项

A.Japanesefarmlandisnolongersafebecauseoftheneighboringfarmlandishighlypolluted.

B.Theconcentrationsinsoilofthesumofcaesium.-134andcaesium-137cannotexceed5,000becquerelsperkilogram.

C.Miyagi,TochigiandIbarakiareasexceedthelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoil.

D.Japaneseconsumersfromaffectedregionsdon’tworryaboutthepotentialhealtheffectsofthefoodatall.

问题2选项

A.thefallingoftheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant

B.thehurricane

C.thefoodproductionis“severelyimpaired’

D.notmentioned

问题3选项

A.theocean

B.theair

C.thecoolingsystem

D.thefoodchain

问题4选项

A.Angry.

B.Worried.

C.Scared.

D.Unconcerned.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.A选项表达太绝对，排除，C选项根据第二段‘someneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"确定是’接近于‘不是’超过‘所以排除，D选项根据最后一段’ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.来自受影响地区的一些农产品已被停止发货，即便是那些不受官方控制的农产品，也没有得到日本消费者的青睐，他们担心这些农产品可能对健康造成影响。确定与原文不符，排除，所以B选项正确。

2.文章第一段提到Fukushimaatomicdisaster，但是全文并没有提及原因，所以D选项符合题意。

3.根据文章倒数第二段最后一句‘Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.破坏的福岛核电站反应堆冷却系统是把线下和被派往崩溃,导致辐射泄漏,进入空气,海洋和食物链。可知ABD选项正确，C选项没有提及，选择C。

4.通过阅读全文以及最后一段，可以知道日本人对这个问题是担心的，所以B选项符合题意。

20.单选题

Everyhumanbeing,nomatterwhatheisdoing,givesoffbodyheat.Theusualproblemishowtodisposeofit.ButthedesignersoftheJohnstowncampusoftheUniversityofPittsburghsetthemselvestheoppositeproblemofhowtocollectbodyheat.Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichutilizesnotonlybodyheat,buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell.Thesystemworkssowellthatnoconventionalfuelisneededtomakethecampus’ssixbuildingscomfortable.Somepartsofmostmodernbuildings-theatresandofficesaswellasclassrooms-aremorethanamplyheatedbypeopleandlightsandsometimesmustbeair-conditioneveninwinter.Thetechniqueofsavingheatandredistributingitiscalled“heatrecovery”.AfewmodernbuildingrecoverheatbuttheUniversity’ssystemisthefirsttorecoverheatfromsomebuildingsandre-useitinothers.

Alongtheway,Pitthaslearnedagreatdealaboutsomeofitsheatproducers.Theharderastudentstudies,themoreheathisbodygivesoff.Malestudentsemitmoreheatthanfemalestudents,andthelargerastudent,themoreheatheproduces.ItistemptingtoconcludethatthehottestprospectfortheJohnstowncampuswouldbeahard-working,overweightmalegenius.

1.Untilrecently,bodyheathascausedproblemsbecauseit（

）

2.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheheatingsystemoftheJohnstowncampus?

3.AtJohnstowncampus,howmanyofthebuildingsareheatedentirelybytheheatcollectionsystem?

4.Inline6,“conventional”mostnearlymeans（

）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldproducetheLEASTamountofheat?

问题1选项

A.wasdifficulttocollect

B.cameinavarietyofforms

C.wasdifficulttogetridof

D.tendedtobeabsorbedbyphysicalobjects

问题2选项

A.Theheatissuppliedbyhumanbodiesonly

B.Thebestissuppliedbybothhumanbodiesandotherheat-emittingobjects

C.Theheatissuppliedbybothhumanbodiesandconventionalfuel.

D.Theheatissuppliedbyhumanbodies,otherheat-emittingobjects,andconventionalfuel

问题3选项

A.none

B.two

C.four

D.six

问题4选项

A.ordinary

B.powerful

C.electrical

D.extra

问题5选项

A.Afatfemalewhostudieshard

B.afatmalewhodoesnotstudy

C.Athinfemalewhodoesnotstudy

D.Athinmalewhostudieshard

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第二句Theusualproblemishowtodisposeofit提到关于热量的问题是如何处理它，选项C符合题意。

2.文章第一段Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichutilizesnotonlybodyheat,buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell提到热量主要来源于人体热量，和像电灯泡、冰箱这类物体，选项B符合题意。

3.文章第一段thesystemworkssowellthatnoconventionalfuelisneededtomakethecampus’ssixbuildingscomfortable提到学校的六栋建筑物，选项D符合题意。

4.题干中conventional的意思是“常见的”；所以选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一句话ItistemptingtoconcludethatthehottestprospectfortheJohunstowncampuswouldbeahard-working,overweightmalegenius提到根据推测可得知一个超重的、勤奋的男性产生的热量是最多的。因此可以推测一个瘦小的、不勤奋的女性产生的热量是最少的。选项C符合题意。

21.单选题

Hisguesswas______ofthemark.

问题1选项

A.distant

B.far

C.broad

D.wide

【答案】D

【解析】8.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项distant“遥远的；不同的”；B选项far“远方的”；C选项broad“宽的；广泛的”；D选项wide“宽阔的；宽度为……的”。D选项bewideofthemark“离题万里，文不对题”，其余选项非固定搭配，用法错误。句意：他猜得太离谱了。因此D选项正确。

22.单选题

Thediscussionhasbeenunexpectedlygoingforthreehours,andI’mafraidtheywill（）itstilllonger.

问题1选项

A.extend

B.lengthen

C.stretch

D.protract

【答案】D

【解析】extend延伸,扩大；lengthen延长,加长；stretch伸展,延伸；protract（时间）延长。句意：讨论出乎意料地进行了三个小时,恐怕他们会把时间拖得更长。只有选项D表示时间延长,符合语境。

23.单选题

Thetyrannicalrulingandheavytaxation______strongresentmentfromtheoppressed.

问题1选项

A.inspired

B.horrified

C.diminished

D.nourished

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项inspire“唤起，激起（感觉或情感）”，B项horrify“使恐惧”，C项diminish“减少，削弱，贬低”，D项nourish“培育，滋养”。根据句子关键词strongresentment“强烈怨恨”可知，空格处应该填A项符合语境。句意：暴政和重税激起了被压迫人民的强烈不满。因此，该题选择A项正确。

24.单选题

Thetroopswereina（）position,completelyexposedtoattackfromtheair.

问题1选项

A.eminent

B.brutal

C.vulnerable

D.adequate

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。eminent杰出的;brutal残忍的;vulnerable易受攻击的;adequate充足的。句意：部队处于易受攻击的位置,完全暴露了。选项C符合句意。

25.单选题

Asachild,timeusedtomoveasslowlyaslightningbugsdriftinthesummereveningskies,butasanadult,timeis_____.

问题1选项

A.transmitting

B.peripatetic

C.nomadic

D.ephemeral

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项“传送；输送”，B项“巡回工作的；流动的”，C项“游牧的”，D项“短暂的”。根据题干中的but，可知前后为对比，结合句意：小时候，时间总是像夏天傍晚天空中的闪电虫一样缓慢移动，但成年后，时间是。因此选D项。

26.单选题

Politicallythesenationstendtobe（

），withveryhighbirthratesbutpooreducationandverylowlevelsofliteracy.

问题1选项

A.unstable

B.reluctant

C.rational

D.unsteady

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这些国家出生率很高而教育和文化水平低下，所以政治上不稳定。

形容词辨析。Unstable不稳定的,不