考研考博-英语-北京北大方正软件职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京北大方正软件职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Similarityininterests.

B.Mentalstimulation.

C.Openness.

D.Compassion.

问题2选项

A.Thewillingnesstooffertimelyhelp.

B.Thejoyfoundineachother’scompany.

C.Personalbonds.

D.Emotionalfactors.

问题3选项

A.Failuretokeepapromise.

B.Lackoffrankness.

C.Feelingsofbetrayal.

D.Lossofcontact.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

【解析】RecordingOne

Qualitiesofarelationshipsuchasopenness,compassion,andmentalstimulation,areofconcerntomostofusregardlessofsex.Butjudgingfromthequestionnaireresponse,they’remoreimportanttowomenthantomen.Askedtoconsidertheingredientsofclosefriendship,womenratedthesequalitiesaboveallothers.[16]Menassignedalowerprioritytotheminfavorofsimilarityininterests,selectedby77%ofmen,andresponsivenessinacrisis,chosenby61%ofmalerespondents.Mentalstimulation,rankedthirdinpopularitybymenaswellaswomen,wastheonlyareaofoverlap.Amongmen,only28%namedopennessasanimportantquality;caringwaspickedbyjust23%.

[17]Itisevidentbytheirselectionsthatwhenwomenspeakofclosefriendships,they’rereferringtoemotionalfactors,whilemenemphasizethepleasuretheyfindinafriend’scompany.Thatis,whenamanspeaksof“afriend”,heislikelytobetalkingaboutsomeonehedoesthingswith—ateammate,afellowhobbyist,adrinkingbuddy.Theseactivitiesarethefabricofthefriendship.Itisa“doing”relationshipinwhichsimilarityininterestsisthekeybond.Thisfactorwasaconsiderationoflessthan11%ofwomen.Womenoptforawarmemotionalatmospherewherecommunicationflowsfreely;activityismerebackground.

Lastly,men,aswehaveseen,haveseriousquestionsabouteachother’sloyalty.Perhapsthisiswhytheyplacedsuchstrongemphasisonresponsivenessinacrisis—someoneIcancallonforhelp.Women,astheirtestimoniesindicate,aregenerallymoresecurewitheachotherandconsequentlyaremorelikelytotreatthisissuelightly.Infollow-upinterviews,thiswasconfirmednumeroustimesaswomanafterwomanindicatedthatbeingtherewhenneededwastakenforgranted.[18]Asforthehazardsoffriendship,morethanafewrelationshipshavebeenshatteredbecauseofcutthroatcompetitionandfeelingsofbetrayal.Thisappliestobothmenandwomen,butunequally.Incomparison,nearlytwiceasmanymencomplainedabouttheseissuesaswomen.Further,whilecompetitionandbetrayalarethemainthornstofemalefriendship,menareplaguedinalmostequalamountsbytwoadditionalissues:lackoffranknessandafearofappearingunmanly.Obviously,foraman,agoodfriendshipishardtofind.

16.Whatqualitydomenvaluemostconcerningfriendshipaccordingtoaquestionnaireresponse?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问男性在友谊方面最看重什么品质？录音开头提到，男性更倾向于寻找兴趣上的相似性（infavorofsimilarityininterests），A选项“兴趣上的相似性”与原文表述相符，因此正确。B选项“精神鼓励”；C选项“率真，开放”和D选项“同情心”虽然在录音中有所涉及，但只是说女性比男性更加看重这些品质，而男性认为这些都不是最重要的（Menassignedalowerprioritytothem），他们优先考虑的是兴趣上的相似性。因此均可排除。

17.Whatdowomenrefertowhenspeakingofclosefriendships?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问的是女性对于亲密友谊的看法。录音中明确提到，当女性说起亲密友谊时，她们指的是情感因素（emotionalfactors），D选项“情感因素”是录音原文的复现，因此正确。A选项“愿意及时提供帮助”在录音中没有提及；B项“在彼此陪伴下找到的快乐”，这是男性的看法，因此排除；C选项“个人纽带”，利用录音中的bond制造干扰，录音中说的是兴趣上的相似性是友谊的关键纽带，只有不到11%的女性考虑到了这一因素，选项与原文表述不符，因此排除。

18.Whatmaythreatenafriendshipforbothmenandwomen?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问有什么因素对于男性和女性来说都会威胁到友谊？录音后半部分提到，很多关系都因为激烈的竞争和被背叛的感觉而破裂，这一点对男性和女性都适用，因此C选项“背叛的感觉”正确。A选项“没有信守诺言”和D选项“失去联系”在录音中没有提及；B选项“缺乏坦率”，这只是男性关系中面临的问题之一，并没有说女性之间也有类似问题，与题干不符，因此排除。

2.填空题

Directions:Youaregoingtoreadsomeinformationaboutsomecompanies.Forquestions21-30,choosefromthecompanies(A-H).Someofthecompaniesmaybechosenmorethanonce.Whenmorethanoneanswerisrequired,thesemaybegiveninanyorder.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning(O).Markyouranswersontheseparateanswersheet.

Whichcompanyorcompanies:

isproudoftheirresearchprogramme?(O)(F)

dealswithcommunicationlinks?(21)()

ispartlyownedbythemanagement?(22)()

statesitdoesnotworkinEurope?(23)()

statesitisconcernedwiththewholefamily?(24)()

profitfromnaturalresources?(25)()(26)()

directlyexchangemoney?(27)()(28)()

makemedicine?(29)()(30)()

FINANCIALTIMESANNUALREPORTSERVICE

Choosewhichofthefollowingreportsyouwishtohavesenttoyou:

A.TVXGoldInc.

TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife,lowaveragecashcostsandincreaseinproduction,andanew,experiencedandaggressivemanagementteam.

B.Statoil

StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.Operationsarealsopursuedin20othercountries.ThegroupreportedaprofitbeforetaxationofNOK12billionin1993asagainstNOK9.9billiontheyearbefore.Theincreasewasduetoahighlevelofproduction,areductioninoperatingcostsandimprovedfinancialresults.

Statoilisorganizedinfourbusinessareas—ExplorationandProduction,NaturalGas,OilTradingandShipping,andRefiningandMarketing.From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.Afterthehive-offofitspetrochemicaloperationin1994,thegrouphasabout12,000employees.

C.TheRabobankGroup

WithtotalassetsofNLG253.2billiontheDutchRabobankGroupranksamongthetop20banksinEuropeandthetop50worldwide.Overthepasttwodecades,thebankhasgraduallyexpandeditsinternationalnetworktocoverstrategicgeographicareas.Itcomprisesnow47officesintheworld’smajorfinancialandcommercialcenters.TheGroup’s“centralbank”,RabobankNederland,operatesasawholesalehouse,specializinginservingmajornationalandinternationalcorporationsandinoperationsonthefinancialmarkets.Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.

D.RobertsPharmaceuticals

RobertsPharmaceuticals(NASDAZ:RPCX)isfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompanywhosediversproductscontributetothehealthandwell-beingofallagegroups.Robertshassuccessfullycombinedanaggressiveproductdevelopmentprogrammewithstrategicacquisitions,tocreateaprofitablecompanywithawell-balancedproductionportfolioconcentratedinsixmajortherapeuticcategories.

E.Telia

TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.TogetherwithPTTNetherlandsandSwissPTT,Teliaisco-ownerofUnisource.In1993,theTeliaGroup’srevenuestotaledUDS$4.5billion.Returnoncapitalemployedwas14.5percent.TeliainvestedatotalofUSD910million.

F.Roche

RocheisaSwiss-basedinternationalhealth-caregroupemploying56,000peopleworldwide.Itisaresearch-drivencompanywithaleadingpositioninbiotechnologyandactivitiescoveringtheentirehealthspectrumofprevention,diagnosisandtreatmentofdisease.Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.InadditiontopharmaceuticalsRocheisengagedinthefieldsofvitaminsandfinechemicals,diagnostics,fragrancesandflavours.

G.BSS

BSSisaSwissbankwithallthatthisappliesintermsoftradition,experience,securityandconfidentiality.BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.

H.SagaPetroleuma.s.

In1993,SagaPetroleumhadanoperatingprofitofNOK1694millionandaprofitbeforetaxesofNOK1006million.TheGroup’sprovedandprobableoilandgasreservestotal1,474milliontonsofoilequivalent,ofwhich44percentisoil.Intermsofreserves,Sagaisamongthelargestindependentupstreamcompaniesintheworld.ItisSaga’sintentiontofurtherstrengthenitspositionontheNorwegianshelf,andtoutilizethecompany’sexpertiseandcapacitygraduallytodevelopitsinternationalactivities.

Saga’sobjectiveistogivethecompany’sshare-holdersthehighestpossiblereturnontheirinvestmentthroughefficientoperationsandstrictrequirementstotheprofitabilityofnewproducts.

【答案】21.E

22.B

23.A

24.G

25.A

26.B

27.C

28.G

29.D

30.F

【解析】21.句意：哪家公司经营通信链接？由E部分中TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.（Telia集团提供用于电话、数据通信和移动电话的公共和私人网络。）可知，Telia集团经营通信链接。因此本题选E。

22.句意：哪个公司部分归管理层所有？由B部分中From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.（从1994年起，Statoil在石化领域的参与已经转移到Borealis，这是一家新的石化公司，由Neste拥有50%的股份。）可知，Statoil公司管理层持有部分的股权。因此本题选B。

23.句意：哪家公司不在欧洲开展业务？由A部分中TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.（TVXGoldInc.是一家位于加拿大的成长型国际矿业公司，1993年黄金和黄金当量产量达到创纪录的439,000盎司，平均现金成本为每盎司172美元，该公司在位于北美和南美的六个运营中的金矿拥有权益。）可知，TVXGoldInc.的业务范围只在北美洲和南美洲，不在欧洲。因此本题选A。

24.句意：哪家公司涉及到整个家庭？由G部分中BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.（BSS由“桑多斯家族基金会”和该行主要高管持有。）可知，BSS涉及到桑多斯家族。因此本题选G。

25.句意：哪些公司从自然资源中获利？由A部分中ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife（TVXGold的优势包括优质的储量、较长的矿山寿命）可知，TVXGoldInc.从黄金资源中获利。因此本题选A。

26.句意：哪些公司从自然资源中获利？由B部分中StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.（Statoil是一家综合性挪威石油和天然气公司，是挪威大陆架上的主要运营商。）可知，Statoil从石油和天然气资源中获利。因此本题选B。

27.句意：哪些公司直接兑换货币？由C部分中Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.（除了交易厅和财务活动，该行还提供企业金融服务，包括兼并、收购和参与方面的咨询，以及通过其国际网络提供全面的一揽子国际服务。）可知，TheRabobankGroup提供全面的国际金融服务，包括货币兑换。因此本题选C。

28.句意：哪些公司直接兑换货币？由G部分中Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.（该银行专注于私人和机构客户的资产管理，提供广泛的证券和银行服务，包括全球托管、外汇和证券交易所业务。）可知，BSS提供外汇业务。因此本题选G。

29.句意：哪些公司制作药物？由D部分中RobertsPharmaceuticalsisfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompany（Roberts制药公司正在快速实现其成为一家主要制药公司的目标）可知，RobertsPharmaceuticals是一家制药公司。因此本题选D。

30.句意：哪些公司制作药物？由F部分中Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.（Roche因其创新研究的质量和对新药开发的原创性贡献而获得了很高的声誉。）可知，Roche公司在开发新药。因此本题选F。

3.单选题

（

）nolossofenergybyfriction,themotionwouldcontinuedefinitelyonceitstarted.

问题1选项

A.Therewere

B.Werethere

C.Therewas

D.Ifthereis

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果没有由于摩擦而使能量丧失，运动将无限期地继续下去。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。根据句意推测此处属于与现在事实相反的条件句,故用虚拟语气:条件从句的谓语动词为were或动词过去式，主句部分为would/should/might/could+动词原形，故B正确。

4.翻译题

爱因斯坦出生于德国南部的一个犹太中产阶级家庭。母亲非常喜欢音乐。爱因斯坦受她的影响很大。她鼓励小爱因斯坦对小提琴和古典音乐的爱好。他的父亲，一名工程师，对爱因斯坦的影响甚微。不过，是他送给了他五岁儿子那个著名的玩具指南针，促发了小爱因斯坦的第一次“思想实验”：玩具中的针为什么总指向北？爱因斯坦后来成为一位伟大的物理学家。他的思想早己超出了科学范围，影响着从绘画到诗歌的现代文化。

【答案】Einsteinwasborninamiddle-classJewishfamilyinsouthernGermany.Hewasstronglyimpactedbyhismotherwhowasfondofmusic.Sheencouragedhispassionfortheviolinandclassicalmusic.Hisfather,anengineer,hadlittleeffectonEinstein.Butitwashewhogavehisfive-year-oldsonthefamoustoycompassthatinspiredyoungEinstein’sfirst“thoughtexperiment”—whatmadetheneedlealwayspointnorth?Later,Einsteinbecameagreatphysicist.Hisideashavegonebeyondscience,influencingmodernculturefrompaintingtopoetry.

5.单选题

Whatweconsideraluxuryatonetimefrequentlybecomesa（

）,manyfamiliesfindthatownershipoftwocarsisindispensable.

问题1选项

A.fashion

B.necessity

C.proclivity

D.nuisance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fashion“时尚；时装；样式”；necessity“需要；必需品”；proclivity“倾向；癖性”；nuisance“讨厌的人；损害”。句意：我们曾经认为的奢侈品频繁地成为了必需品，很多家庭发现拥有两辆车是很有必要的。选项B符合题意。

6.写作题

Directions:Nowadays,trafficproblemremainsoneofthemostserioussituationsinurbanareas.Writeanessayof180-200wordstodiscussthistopic.Youressaymustincludetheinstructionsasfollows:

1.Presentsituations

2.Possiblereasons

3.Whatshouldbedonetosolvethisproblem

【答案】略

7.单选题

Iwish（）toStockholmwhenIwasinSweden.Ihearit’sabeautifulcity.

问题1选项

A.Iwent

B.Ihadgone

C.togo

D.tohiveone

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，以表示与事实相反的情况，针对现在时间段的愿望，宾语从句常用“过去时”的虚拟形式；针对将来时间段的愿望，宾语从句常用“过去将来时”的虚拟形式；而针对过去时间段的愿望，宾语从句则常用“过去完成时”。本题根据“IwasinSweden”可以看出是最后者，表示与过去事实相反的情况。句意为：我听说斯德哥尔摩是座美丽的城市。真希望在瑞典时去过那里。因此选B。

8.单选题

Dohelpyourselftosomefruit,（）you?

问题1选项

A.can’t

B.don’t

C.wouldn’t

D.won’t

【答案】D

【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：吃点水果，好吗？前半部分是表示邀请、提供对对方有益的行为等的祈使句时，反问一般用will，上文为肯定语气，故反问部分用否定形式won’t。因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Somepeoplethinkthata（

）translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.

问题1选项

A.literal

B.literary

C.liberal

D.linear

【答案】A

【解析】句意:一些人认为直译法，或逐字翻译比意译更容易。

考查形近词辨析。Literal文字的，逐字逐句的;literary文学的,书面的;liberal自由主义的，慷慨的;linear线型的，直线的，线状的。根据关键词easierthanafreetranslation(比意译更容易)可知这里是将直译与其作对比,故选A。

10.单选题

Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions?Well,theairisfullofions,electricallychargedparticles,andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorm,earthquakeswhenwindssuchasthemistral,hamsinorsharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.

Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes,snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation,ratstofleefromtheirburrows,dogshowlandcatsjumpaboutunaccountably.ThishasledtheUSgeographicalsurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.

Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea,orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.

Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachines,whichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationizersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/positiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectsonthemselves,oronothers,ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.

1.Whateffectdoesexceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople?

2.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound（

）.

3.Somescientistsbelievethat（

）.

4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors?

5.Inaccordancewiththepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby（

）.

问题1选项

A.Theythinktheyareinsane

B.Theyfeelratherbad-temperedandshort-fussed.

C.Theybecomeviolentlysick

D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.

问题2选项

A.nearapondwithawaterpump

B.closetoaslow-flowingriver

C.highinsomebarrenmountains

D.byarotatingwatersprinkler

问题3选项

A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethandependingonseismography

B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannotbetrusted

C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable

D.earthquake

问题4选项

A.ionizers

B.air-conditioners

C.exhaust-fans

D.vacuumpumps.

问题5选项

A.usinghome-madeelectricalgoods

B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials

C.walkingonartificialfloorcoverings

D.copyingTVprogramsonacomputer

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节题。第二段指出:Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.当空气中出现大量的正离子时，许多人就会有不适感，如头痛、疲劳和易怒。一些体质敏感人群就会出现恶心，甚至精神混乱现象。由此可知选B:他们会感觉易怒和短暂的焦虑。

2.细节题。第三段指出：Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.产生大量负离子的地方在海边、瀑布或喷泉附近、正在喷水的地方或者有喷水的地方。由此可知选D(旋转的喷水器)正确。

3.推断题。第二段指出：...USgeographicalsurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisasters：美国地质调查局出资建立一个自愿者网络，通过观察动物的行为，以此预报那些灾害。由此得出选择A(观察动物的行为来预报地震比依赖地震测定法更有效)正确。

4.细节题。根据题干关键词negativeionsindoors定位至最后一段:Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers：为了使室内有更多的负离子，一些科学家推荐使用离子发生器。由此选A:离子发生器。

5.细节题。第一段指出：...staticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.室内静电来自于地毯、人造纤维的制成的衣服、电视、复印机或电脑的显示屏。由此可知选C:在人造的地板装饰物上行走。

11.单选题

Thecomputerdoesn't（）humanthought;itreachesthesameendsbydifferentmeans.

问题1选项

A.flunk

B.renew

C.succumb

D.mimic

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。flunk“失败，放弃，考试不及格”；renew“使更新，使复原，使恢复”；succumb“屈服，屈从，死”；mimic“模仿”。句意：计算机没有模仿人类思维；它依靠不同的方法达到同样的效果。选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

MurovyovkaNaturePark,aprivatenaturereserve,istheresultofthevisionanddeterminationofoneman,SergeiSmirenski.TheMoscowUniversityProfessorhasgainedthesupportofinternationalfundsaswellaslocalofficials,businessmenandCollectivefarms.

Thankstohisefforts,theagriculturalprojectisalsounderwaytocreateanexperimentalfarmtoteachlocalfarmershowtofarmwithoutthetraditionallyheavyuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizers.TwoWisconsinfarmers,DonandEllenPadley,spentlastsummerpreparinglandinTanbovkadistrict,wheretheparkislocated，andtheywillreturnthissummertoplantit.

SpecialistsfromtheUniversityofUtahalsocametostudythelocalcattleindustry,lookingtodeveloppossibilitiesforbeefexportstoJapan.

Separately,10NewJerseyschoolteacherswillspendthesummerinthedistrictrunningsummercampsforthelocalchildrenthatwillstressfieldtripsandlecturesonthenaturearoundthem.

Theseprograms,particularlytheagriculturalproject,aregettingsomesupportfromtheUnitedStates,includingfundingfromtheMacArthurFoundation,theRockefellerBrothersFund,andtheUSAgencyforInternationalDevelopment.TheTrustforMutualUnderstandingandtheWeedierFoundationarealsosupportingtheInternationalCraneFoundation'sworkincreatingthepark.

TheWorldBankisfundingasmallprojecttostudythepossibilitiesforecotourismintheAinubasinregion.DeltaDreamVacations,aDeltaAirlinessubsidiary,islookingintoflightstoKhabarovskandVladivostokforecologytours,withsomeofthemoneygoingtosupportthezapovedniks(totallywildpreservesusedonlyforscientificresearch)intheregion.

ButthismoneyhasalsogeneratedajealousattemptbythelocalwildlifeservicetoblocktheMurovyovkaproject.

Theysaid,"Giveustheirmoney,andwe'lldoitbetter,"Smirenskisays.Theywenttothelocalcourttogetacourtordertohaltthecontract.Althoughtheyweresuccessfulatthatlevel,theAtomregionalgovernment,withencouragementfromMoscow,hasalreadymovedtoreversethedecisionasillegal.

"Idon'tpayattentiontothisnegativeside."Smirenskisayscharacteristicoptimisticfashion."Idecidedweshouldcontinuetocreate."

BeyondMurovyovka,thereareevenvastergrasslandsandwetlandsintheAmurbasinthatarevitalnestingareasforrarebirdssuchastheeasternwhitestork,andthered-crowned,white-napped;andhoodedcranes.Acomplexof100,000hectares,forexample,lieslargelyunprotectedinZhuravalini[literally"aplaceforcranes"]downstreamfromMurovyovkA.Creationofanationalpark,alongfortouristuse,hasbeenproposedforthisarea.

Akeypartoftheconservationstrategyistogainthesupportofregionalgovernmentsbygettingthemtoseethatsuchinternationallybackednatureprojectscanleadtobusinessandotherties,particularlytocountrieslikeJapanandChinA.Forexample,thecranesthatnestinRussiahavebeentrackedbysatellitetowinteringgroundsinIzumi,onJapan'ssouthernKyushuIslanD.Thislinkagehasprovedusefulbringingregionalofficialsfrombothcountriestogether.

Lastsummer,100JapaneseschoolchildrenfromtheTamaregionoutsideofTokyocametoKhabarovskontheAmentoexperiencethekindofuntouchednaturethathasdisappearedfromJapan.Aspartoftheexchange,theMayorofTamadonated26secondhandfiretruckstohiscounterpart.

"AfterthisthemayorofKhabarovsksaid,NowIwilllistentoyou,aboutyourbirdsandallyourproblems.'"RecountsSmirenski.Nowtheofficialsunderstandwhatcranesmeantothem."

1.Aprobablegoaloftheagriculturalprojectisto（）.

2.Summercampsintheareawill（）.

3.Projectsconnectedwiththedevelopmentofthenatureparkare（）.

4.Thezapovedniksappear（）.

5.ThepassageimpliesthatprojectslikeMurovyovka（）.

问题1选项

A.reducepollutioninreservefarmlands

B.induceUnitedNationscooperation

C.learnhowlocalfarmsareoperated

D.importnewbreedsoffarmanimals

问题2选项

A.bedesignedforforeignvisitors

B.beeducational

C.attractscientistsandecologists

D.housefieldlaborersandtheirfamiliesNormal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

问题3选项

A.selfsustaining

B.narrowinscopeandvision

C.attractingworld-wideattention

D.amassingscientificdata

问题4选项

A.eagertosupporttheNaturePark

B.opposedtooutsidefunding

C.enviousofthePark'ssuccess

D.tohavelegaljurisdictionofthearea

问题5选项

A.faceinsurmountablefinancialproblems

B.taketoomuchfromlocalresidents

C.increasetheneedforfireengines

D.canpromoteinternationalcooperation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。通过题干关键词agriculturalproject定位到原文第二段“Thankstohisefforts,theagriculturalprojectisalsounderwaytocreateanexperimentalfarmtoteachlocalfarmershowtofarmwithoutthetraditionallyheavyuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizers.”，中文翻译：由于他的努力，农业项目也在进行中，是为了建立一个试验性农场，教当地农民在不使用大量杀虫剂和化肥这一传统方法的情况下如何耕作。综合考虑，选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词summercamps定位到原文“Separately,10NewJerseyschoolteacherswillspendthesummerinthedistrictrunningsummercampsforthelocalchildrenthatwillstressfieldtripsandlecturesonthenaturearoundthem.”，中文翻译：另外，10名新泽西学校的教师将在该地区为当地儿童举办夏令营，这些夏令营将强调实地考察和关于周围大自然的讲座。因此最佳答案为B选项。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词定位到原文“Theseprograms,particularlytheagriculturalproject,aregettingsomesupportfrom...”，中文翻译：“这些项目，特别是农业项目，正得到多方支持，如……”可以推断出答案选择C。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词zapovedniks定位到原文“…withsomeofthemoneygoingtosupportthezapovedniks(totallywildpreservesusedonlyforscientificresearch)intheregion.”中文翻译为：部分资金将用于支持该地区的zapovedniks(仅用于科学研究的野生保护区)。以及文章中“ButthismoneyhasalsogeneratedajealousattemptbythelocalwildlifeservicetoblocktheMurovyovkaproject.”，中文翻译为：这笔钱也引起了当地野生动物机构的嫉妒，以阻止穆罗维约夫项目。可知，C项符合题目描述。

5.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到原文“Akeypartoftheconservationstrategyistogainthesupportofregionalgovernmentsbygettingthemtoseethatsuchinternationallybackednatureprojectscanleadtobusinessandotherties,particularlytocountrieslikeJapanandChina.”，中文翻译为：保护战略的一个关键点是通过让地方政府认识到这种国际支持的自然项目能够建立商业和其他联系，特别是与日本和中国这样的国家建立联系，从而获得区域政府的支持。可知。D选项正确。

13.翻译题

Putthefollowing5sentencesintoChinese.Writethemintheproperspacesonyouranswersheet.

TheAll-ChinaFederationofWomenhasrecentlydroppedthelabelandnowrefersto‘old’unmarriedwomen—buttheleftoverexpressionremainswidelyusedelsewhere.

Theprotoplanetwouldtaketensofthousandsofyearstogrowup,andscientistshopetostudytheentityandgleaninsightsintohowitwascreatedandhowitmightevolve.

Humanlongevityhasimprovedsorapidlyoverthepastcenturythat72isthenew30,scientistshaveclaimed.Moreover,itisnolongerclearwherethepossibleouterboundariesofhumanlifestand.

Thebestwaytocleanyourglassesistorunthemunderwarmwaterandputatinydropofdishwashingdetergentonthetipofyourfingerstocreatealatheronthelens.Thenrinsewithwarmwater,anddiywithaclean,softcottoncloth.

Innovativecompaniesareledbyinnovativechiefexecutives.Theyspendtheirtimeaskingprovocativequestions,observingtheworldlikeanthropologists,networkingwithpeoplewhodon'tthink,actortalklikethem.

Ifyou'retakingrisks,andyouprobablyshould,youcanfindyourselffailing90%ofthetime.Thetrickistogetpaidwhileyou'redoingthefailingandtousetheexperiencetogainskillsthatwillbeusefullater.Weshouldbetaughtthatfailureisaprocess,notanobstacle.

Thefollowingthreebasicpro