考研考博-英语-天津市职业大学考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津市职业大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Duringtheconstructionofskyscrapers,cranesareusedto（）buildingmaterialstotheupperfloors.

问题1选项

A.toss

B.tow

C.hoist

D.hurl

【答案】C

【解析】toss投掷,摇晃;tow拉,牵引;hoist升起,提起;hurl丢下,用力投掷。句意：在摩天大厦的建设期间,使用吊车把建筑材料提到上面的楼层。

2.单选题

Thejobsofwildlifetechniciansandbiologistseemed（

）tohim,butonedayhediscoveredtheirdifference.

问题1选项

A.identical

B.vertical

C.parallel

D.specific

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。identical意为“相同的，同一的”；vertical意为“垂直的，竖立的”；parallel意为“平行的”；specific意为“明确的”。

句意：野生动物技术人员和生物学家的工作对他来说似乎是一样的，但有一天他发现了它们的不同之处。

3.单选题

Isitadvisableto______ourbodytothesunlight?

问题1选项

A.reveal

B.display

C.expose

D.show

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项reveal“揭露，泄露”，B项display“显示，陈列”，C项expose“暴露”，D项show“展示”。根据关键词body“身体”和sunlight“阳光”可知，空格部分表示“暴露”符合语境。句意：把我们的身体暴露在阳光下可取吗？因此，该题选择C项正确。

4.单选题

“Family”isofcourseanelasticword.ButwhenBritishpeoplesaythattheirsocietyisbasedonfamilylife,theyarethinkingof“family”initsnarrow,peculiarlyEuropeansenseofmother,fatherandchildrenlivingtogetheraloneintheirownhouseasaneconomicandsocialunit.Thus,everyBritishmarriageindicatesthebeginningofanewandindependentfamily—hencethetremendousimportanceofmarriageinBritishlife.

Forboththemanandthewoman,marriagemeansleavingone’sparentsandstartingone’sownlife.Theman’sfirstdutywillthenbetohiswife,andthewife’stoherhusband.Hewillbeentirelyresponsibleforherfinancialsupport,andshefortherunningofthenewhome.Theirchildrenwillbetheircommonresponsibilityandtheirsalone.Neitherthewife’sparentsnorthehusband’s,northeirbrothersorsisters,auntsoruncles,haveanyrighttointerferewiththem—theyaretheirownmasters.

ReadersofnovelslikeJaneAusten’sPrideandPrejudicewillknowthatinformertimesmarriageamongwealthyfamilieswasarrangedbythegirl’sparents,thatis,itwastheparents,dutytofindasuitablehusbandfortheirdaughter,preferablyarichone,andbyskillfulencouragementtoleadhimeventuallytoasktheirpermissiontomarryher.Untilthattime,thegirlwasprotectedandmaintainedintheparents’home,andthefinancialreliefofgettingridofhercouldbeseenintheirgivingthenewlymarriedpairasumofmoneycalledadowry（嫁妆）.Itisverydifferenttoday.Mostgirlsoftodaygetajobwhentheyleaveschoolandbecomefinanciallyindependentbeforetheirmarriage.Thishashadtworesults:agirlchoosesherownhusband,andshegetsnodowry.

1.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Familyisofcourseanelasticword”？

2.ForanEnglishfamily,thehusband’sdutyis（）.

3.Everythingisdecidedinafamily（）.

4.WhatistrueconcerningthebookPrideandPrejudice?

5.WithregardtomarriageinBritain,present-daygirlsdifferfromformertimegirlsin（）.

问题1选项

A.Differentfamilieshavedifferentwaysoflife.

B.Differentdefinitionscouldbegiventotheword.

C.Differentnationshavedifferentfamilies.

D.Differenttimesproducedifferentfamilies.

问题2选项

A.supportingthefamilywhilethewifeisfinancial

B.defendingthefamilywhilethewifeisrunningthehome

C.financialwhilethewifeisrunningthehome

D.independentwhilethewifeisdependent

问题3选项

A.bythecouple

B.withthehelpoftheirparents

C.bybrothersandsisters

D.withthehelpofauntsanduncles

问题4选项

A.Itisthebestbookonmarriage.

B.Itisahandbookofmarriage.

C.ItgivesquitesomeideaofEnglishsociallifeinthepast.

D.Itprovidesalotofinformationofformertimewealthyfamilies.

问题5选项

A.therighttomarry

B.moreparentalsupport

C.choosinghusbands

D.socialposition

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。由第一段““Family”isofcourseanelasticword.ButwhenBritishpeoplesaythattheirsocietyisbasedonfamilylife,theyarethinkingof“family”initsnarrow,peculiarlyEuropeansenseofmother,fatherandchildrenlivingtogetheraloneintheirownhouseasaneconomicandsocialunit.“家庭”当然是一个有弹性的词。但是，当英国人说他们的社会是建立在家庭生活的基础上时，他们所想到的“家庭”是一种狭隘的、具有欧洲特色的意识，即母亲、父亲和孩子作为一个经济和社会单位独自生活在自己的房子里。”可知英国人对于家庭的定义比较狭隘，因此第一句提到的“家庭是一个有弹性的词”说的是家庭可以由许多不同的定义。故B项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段“Hewillbeentirelyresponsibleforherfinancialsupport,andshefortherunningofthenewhome.他将完全负责她的经济支持，而她将负责组建新家。”可知在英国家庭，丈夫的职责是挣钱养家。故C项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第二段“Neitherthewife’sparentsnorthehusband’s,northeirbrothersorsisters,auntsoruncles,haveanyrighttointerferewiththem—theyaretheirownmasters.妻子的父母、丈夫的父母、兄弟姐妹、叔叔阿姨都没有权利干涉他们——他们是自己的主人。”可知家庭的一切都是由夫妻做主。故A项正确。

4.推理判断题。由最后一段“ReadersofnovelslikeJaneAusten’sPrideandPrejudicewillknowthatinformertimesmarriageamongwealthyfamilieswasarrangedbythegirl’sparents,读过简•奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》等小说的人都知道，在过去，富裕家庭的婚姻都是由女孩的父母包办的”可知这本书主要讲述了富裕家庭的女孩的婚姻故事。故D项正确。

5.细节事实题。由最后一段“Mostgirlsoftodaygetajobwhentheyleaveschoolandbecomefinanciallyindependentbeforetheirmarriage.Thishashadtworesults:agirlchoosesherownhusband,andshegetsnodowry.今天的大多数女孩在离开学校后就找到了工作，在结婚前就在经济上独立了。这导致了两个结果：女孩选择自己的丈夫，而她得不到嫁妆。”可知当今的女性经济独立了，能够自己选择丈夫，故C项正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

5.单选题

Thecriticsconsideredonlytheundesirablequalitiesintheartist’swork,whileignoringor______themoredesirableones.

问题1选项

A.criticizing

B.overlooking

C.deserting

D.flattering

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.criticizing批评B.overlooking忽略

C.deserting抛弃，遗弃D.flattering奉承，谄媚

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处与ignoring为并列成分，所以空格处的意思与ignoring（忽视）的意思相近，故B项符合。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合句子意思。

【句意】批评家们只考虑了艺术家作品中的不良品质，而忽略了更可取的品质。

6.不定项选择题

Atypeofcellthatfloatsfreelyintheamnioticfluidofpregnantwomenhasbeenfoundtohavemanyofthesametraitsasembryonicstemcells,includinganabilitytogrowintobrain,muscleandothertissuesthatcouldbeusedtotreatavarietyofdiseases,scientistsreportedyesterday.

Thecells,shedbythedevelopingfetusandeasilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting,areeasiertomaintaininlaboratorydishesthanembryonicstemcells-thehighlyversatilecellsthatcomefromdestroyedhumanembryosandareatthecenterofaheatedcongressionaldebatethatwillresumethisweek.

Moreover,becausethecellsareageneticmatchtothedevelopingfetus,tissuesgrownfromtheminthelaboratorywillnotberejectediftheyareusedtotreatbirthdefectsinthatnewborn,researcherssaid.Alternatively,thecellscouldbefrozen,providingapersonalizedtissuebankforuselaterinlife.

Thenewcellsareaddingcredencetoanemergingconsensusamongexpertsthatthepopulardistinctionbetweenembryonicand“adult”stemcells-thoseisolatedfromadultbonemarrowandotherorgans-isartificial.

Increasingly,itappearsthereisacontinuumofstemcelltypes,rangingfromtheembryoniconesthatcanmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissuebutaredifficulttotame,uptoadultonesthatcanturnintoalimitednumberoftissuesbutarerelativelyeasytocontrol.

Thenewlyanalyzedfetalstemcells,scientistssaid,havemanyoftheadvantagesofboth.

“Theygrowfast,asfastasembryonicstemcells,andtheyshowgreatpluripotentiality,”meaningtheycanbecomemanykindsoftissues,saidstudyleaderAnthonyAtala,directoroftheInstituteforRegenerativeMedicineatWakeForestUniversitySchoolofMedicineinWinston-Salem,N.C.“Buttheyremainstableforyearswithoutformingtumors,”headded,somethingthatembryoniccellsarenotverygoodat.

Atalaandotherscientistsemphasizedthattheydon’tbelievethecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant.

“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall,”saidRobertLanza,scientificdirectoratAdvancedCellTechnologyinWorcester,Mass.“We’regoingtohavetoseewhichonesaremostusefulforwhichclinicalconditions.”

GeorgeDaley,aHarvardstemcellresearcher,echoedthatsentiment.“Theyarenotareplacementforembryonicstemcells,”hesaid.

Butinthepast,evenhintsthatnon-embryoniccellsmighthavemedicalpotentialsimilartoembryoniconeshavecomplicatedthepoliticalpushtoexpandfederalfundingforthecontroversialfield.Andaccordingly,opponentsquicklypouncedonthenewresults.

65.（）isnotatraitofembryonicstemcells.

66.Thecellsthatareshedbythedevelopingfetusare（）.

67.Tissuesgrownfromthesecellsinthelaboratorywillnotberejectedastheyare（）.

68.Embryonicstemcellscan（）.

69.RobertLanzasaid“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall.”Hemeant（）.

70.Theword“retrieved”inthesecondparagraphcanbebestreplacedby（）.

问题1选项

A.Growingintobraintissues

B.Usingembryonicstemcellstotreatavarietyofdiseases

C.Causingavarietyofdiseases

D.Growingintomuscletissues

问题2选项

A.atthecenterofaheatedcongressionaldebate

B.moredifficulttomaintaininlaboratorydishesthanembryonicstemcells

C.difficulttoretrieveduringroutineprenataltesting

D.easilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting

问题3选项

A.freeofbirthdefects

B.easiertocultivate

C.ageneticmatchtothedonor

D.canbefrozenforusebyanyoneinneed

问题4选项

A.turnintoalimitednumberoftissuesandaredifficulttotame

B.turnintoalimitednumberoftissuesbutarerelativelyeasytocontrol

C.canmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissueandarerelativelyeasytocontrol

D.canmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissuebutaredifficulttotame

问题5选项

A.hedoesnotbelievethesecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant

B.heknowspeoplehavedifferentsizefeet

C.hewillstillneedtoseewhichonesaremostusefulforwhichclinicalcondition

D.evenhintsthatnon-embryoniccellsmighthavemedicalpotentialhascomplicatedthings

问题6选项

A.takenoutfortesting

B.collectedforotheruses

C.sampledfortesting

D.usedfortesting

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:A

【解析】65.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据文章第一段第一、二句Atypeofcellthatfloatsfreelyintheamnioticfluidofpregnantwomenhasbeenfoundtohavemanyofthesametraitsasembryonicstemcells,includinganabilitytogrowintobrain,muscleandothertissuesthatcouldbeusedtotreatavarietyofdiseases.（一种可以在孕妇羊水中自由漂浮的细胞被发现与胚胎干细胞有许多相同的特征，包括能够生长成大脑、肌肉和其他组织，用于治疗各种疾病），选项C“引起各种疾病”，文章没有提到此内容，C选项正确。A选项“在脑组织中生长”，文章提到，这种细胞可以生长大脑，A选项可排除。B“利用胚胎干细胞治疗多种疾病”，文章提到，这种细胞可以治疗各种疾病，B选项可排除。D选项“长成肌肉组织”，文章提到，这种细胞，可以长成肌肉组织，D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

66.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第二段第一句Thecells,shedbythedevelopingfetusandeasilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting（这些细胞由发育中的胎儿脱落，在常规的产前检查中很容易得到），D选项“在常规产前检查中很容易找回”，符合文章内容，D选项正确。A选项“处于激烈的国会辩论的中心”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。B选项“比胚胎干细胞更难在实验室培养皿中保存”，文章没有提到这些细胞更难在实验室培养皿中保存，B选项可排除。C选项“很难在常规产前检查中恢复”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此D选项正确。

67.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第三段第一句becausethecellsareageneticmatchtothedevelopingfetus,tissuesgrownfromtheminthelaboratorywillnotberejected（因为这些细胞在基因上与发育中的胎儿相匹配，所以在实验室中从它们生长出来的组织不会被排斥），可推测，这些细胞在基因上与发育的胎儿相匹配，C选项“和捐赠者的基因匹配”正确。其余选项，A选项“无出生缺陷”，B选项“更容易培养”和D选项“可以冷冻起来供有需要的人使用”，不符合文章内容，可排除。因此C选项正确。

68.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第五段第三句theembryoniconesthatcanmorphintovirtuallyanykindoftissuebutaredifficulttotame（胚胎细胞几乎可以变成任何一种组织，但很难驯服），可以推断出D选项“可以转化成几乎任何一种组织，但很难驯服”正确。A选项“变成数量有限的组织，很难驯服”，文章没有提到会变成数量有限的组织，A选项可排除。B选项“转化成数量有限的组织，但相对容易控制”，说法错误，可排除。C选项“可以转化成几乎任何一种组织并且相对容易控制”，文章中没有提到细胞容易控制，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

69.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据Atalaandotherscientistsemphasizedthattheydon’tbelievethecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant.（Atala和其他科学家强调，他们不相信这些细胞会使胚胎干细胞变得无关紧要）和“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall,”saidRobertLanza（罗伯特•兰扎(RobertLanza)表示：“没有一双鞋是适合所有人的”），可知RobertLanza，Atalaandotherscientists的观点是一致的，他不认为这种新型细胞是万能的，会代替胚胎干细胞的所有功能，使之变得不相干。所以题干中的这句话实际上是在支撑前面的科学家的那句话theydon’tbelievethecellswillmakeembryonicstemcellsirrelevant.（他们不相信这些细胞会使胚胎干细胞变得无关紧要），A选项“他不相信这些细胞会使胚胎干细胞变得无关紧要”，符合文章内容，A选项正确；B选项“他知道每个人的脚大小都不一样”并不是RobertLanza所暗示的含义；根据原文“There’snotgoingtobeoneshoethatfitsall,”saidRobertLanza,scientificdirectoratAdvancedCellTechnologyinWorcester,Mass.“We’regoingtohavetoseewhichonesaremostusefulforwhichclinicalconditions.”（“没有一只鞋适合所有人”，RobertLanza说，他是麻省Worcester先进细胞技术的科学总监“我们将不得不确定哪些药物对哪些临床情况最为有用”）可知C选项“他还需要看看哪些药物对哪些临床情况最有用”在文章中有提及，但这句话是补充说明前文，表达他不认为这种新型细胞是万能的，而是要对症下药；D选项“即使暗示非胚胎细胞可能具有医疗潜力，也会使事情变得复杂”并不是RobertLanza的观点。因此A选项正确。

70.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】词义辨析题。根据题干可以定位到第二段第一句Thecells,shedbythedevelopingfetusandeasilyretrievedduringroutineprenataltesting（这些细胞由发育中的胎儿脱落，在常规的产前检查中很容易得到）。这句话表达的是“在常规产前检查中容易取出这种细胞做检查”。A选项“拿出来测试”，符合文章内容。B选项“收集作其他用途”，不符合文章内容，可排除。C选项“取样测试”，文章没有提到取样，可排除C选项。D选项“用于测试”，文章没有提到这种细胞用于测试，可排除。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

TheUnitedNationsdeclaredlastFridaythatSomalia’sfamineisover.Buttheofficialdeclaration

meanslittletothemillionsofSomaliswhoarestillhungryandwaitingfortheircropstogrow.

KenMenkhaus,professorofpoliticalscienceatDavidsonCollege,saiditwasprofoundlydisappointingtobediscussinganotherSomalifamine,afterheworkedinthecountryduringthe1991-1992one.Eachfamine,hesaid,hasdistinctcharacteristics,andthisoneunfoldinslowmotionoverthepastcoupleofyears.That’satleastpartlybecausetheSomalidiasporasentmoneyhomethatdelayedtheworsteffects.

MenkhauswasamongfourexpertsonSomaliaandfaminewhospokeattheRadcliffeGymMondayeveningandgatheredfortheevent,“SoundtheHom:FamineintheHomofAfrica.”PaulFarmer,KolokotronesUniversityProfessorofGlobalHealthandSocialMedicine,drewonhisexperiencetreatingmalnourishedpeopleinHaiti，wherehehasworkedfordecade，andsaidthehumanandsocialcontextofhome,andaidtofamiliesshouldbepartofwearingthechild,hesaid.Similarly,broaderagriculturalinterventionsandfairtradepoliciesareneededtoboostlocalagriculturaleconomies.

Thoughfamineisoftenthoughtofasanaturaldisaster,Monday’sspeakerssaidthatisafalseimpression.ThoughSomaliasufferedthroughaseveredrought,withtoday’sinstantcommunications,transportsystemscanmovemassiveamountsoffood.Giventoday’sglobalfoodmarkets,famineistoooftenafailureoflocalgovernmentandinternationalresponse.

“Intoday’s21st-centuryworld,justabouteverythingaboutfamineisman-made.We’renolongerinaworldofmanagainstnature.”saidRobertPaarlberg,adjunctprofessorofpublicpolicyattheHarvardKennedySchool.

Ethiopia,whichwasalsoaffectedbytherecentdrought,faredmuchbetterthistimebecauseofreformsimplementedafterthe2001one.Likewise,Paarlbergsaid,northernandcentralSomalia,regionsthatfalloutsideoftheinfluenceoftheAl-Shabaabmilitia,alsofaredbetter.Therewereseveralman-madefeaturesofthisfamine,whichaffectedmorethan10millionpeopleandkilledbetween50,000and100,000,halfofthemchildrenunderage5.

Thelargestman-madefeaturewastheroleoftheAl-Shabaabmilitiathatrulestheregionandthatkeptfoodaidfromreachingthoseinneed.Buttheinternationalcommunityisn’tblameless.AsearlyasNovember2010,aninternationalfamineearlywarningsystemwaspredictingthefailureofrainsintheregion,buttheinternationalcommunitydidn’trespondfullyuntilanofficialfaminewasdeclaredinJuly2011.Ontopofthat,U.S.anti-terrorismlawscutofffoodaidbecauseAl-Shabaab,listedasaterroristgroup,wastakingsomeofit.

ThoughtheUnitedNationshasdeclaredthefamineover,thatwasbasedonstatisticalmeasures,suchasthenumberofpeopledyingeachdayandthenumberofchildrenwhoaremalnourished.Thoughtheofficialfaminemaybeover,bothU.N.officialsandMonday’sspeakerssaidthecrisiscontinuesforthepeopleofSomalia.Almostathirdofthepopulationremainsdependentonhumanitarianassistance,cropsgrowingfromrecentrainswilltakemonthstoreachmaturity,andherdsofcows,goats,andotheranimalsweregreatlyreducedduringthecrisis.

MichaelDelaney,directorofhumanitarianresponseforOxfamAmerica,warnedthattheworldwillhaveanotherchancetogetitsresponseright,becausethewarningsignsarepointingtoanimpendingfamineinAfrica’sSahel,thearid,continent-spanningtransitionzonejustbelowtheSaharaDesert.

1.ThecurrentSomalifamineisdifferentfromthe1991-1992oneinthat（）.

2.Intreatingthemalnourishedpatients,attentionshouldbepaidtothefollowingEXCEPT（）

3.Whatisimpliedby“We’renolongerinaworldofmanagainstnature”？

4.RegardingthecurrentfamineinSomalia,who’stoblamemost?

5.WhatproblemstillremainsfromthecurrentSomalifamine?

问题1选项

A.itreceivedlessinternationalaid

B.worsteffectscamemoreslowly

C.itcaughtmoreattentionfromtheworld

D.itlastedlongerdespitehelpfromtheUN

问题2选项

A.makingfairtradepolicies

B.aidingthepatients’families

C.ignoringtheindicationofpoverty

D.exercisingagriculturalinterventions

问题3选项

A.Naturaldisasteralonecannotexplainfamine.

B.Weliveinaworldofmanyman-madematters.

C.Theworldismadeupofconflictingsocialforces.

D.Humanbeingsfightwithoneanotherforbetterlife.

问题4选项

A.TheUnitedStates.

B.TheAl-Shabaabmilitia.

C.TheUnitedNationsFAO.

D.Theinternationalcommunity.

问题5选项

A.Thenumberofmalnourishedchildrenremainsunknown.

B.Halfofthepopulationremainsdependentonhumanitarianassistance.

C.Cropsgrowingfromrecentrainswerereapedbeforereachingmaturity.

D.Herdsofcows,goatsandotheranimalsweregreatlyreducedduringthefamine.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节题。题干：索马里这次饥荒与1991-1992年的饥荒不同是因为______。本文第二段提到了1991-1992的饥荒，最后一句中提到“……delayedtheworsteffects”，说明这次饥荒比之前那次的最坏的影响来得晚些。因此B选项符合题意。

2.细节题。题干：在治疗营养不良的病人时，应注意以下几点除了_____。本文第三段提到malnourishedpatients，后文中“…andaidtofamiliesshouldbepartofwearingthechild…broaderagriculturalinterventionsandfairtradepoliciesareneeded…”，对应选项A、B、D。因此C选项符合题意。

3.判断推理题。题干：“我们不再处于一个人与自然作斗争的世界”指的是什么？根据语句定位到文章第五段，前文中“Intoday’s21st-centuryworld,justabouteverythingaboutfamineisman-made”表明现在与饥荒有关的一切几乎都是人为的，单纯自然灾害这个因素不足以解释饥荒，因此A选项符合题意。

.4判断推理题。题干：关于索马里目前的饥荒，谁是罪魁祸首？题干中的blame可对应上第七段第二句的blameless，由此可定位。往前看到“thelargestfeature”可知最大的人为因素是青年党民兵组织。因此B选项符合题意。

5.细节题。题干：索马里目前的饥荒还遗留着什么问题？本文倒数第二段中提到，尽管联合国宣告饥荒已结束，但问题还有很多。A选项中营养不良的孩子的数由官方统计而来；B选项halfthepopulation与文中athirdofthepopulation不符；C选项的werereapedbefore与原文的takesmonthstoreachmaturity不符。因此D选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Animalscanbecomeunusually______whentheyareupsetbyasuddenenvironmentalchange.

问题1选项

A.vigorous

B.predominant

C.aggressive

D.irritable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项vigorous“有力的，精力充沛的”，B项predominant“主要的，卓越的”，C项aggressive“侵略性的，好斗的”，D项irritable“急躁的，易怒的”。根据关键词animal“动物”和空格后面部分句子意思“当它们被突然的环境变化所困扰时”可知，C选项最符合语境。句意：当环境突然发生变化时，动物会变得异常好斗。因此，该题选择C项正确。

9.单选题

TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOsandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quitecontrary.”Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda“technologicalrenaissance”saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends―nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat’smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnogurus(领袖)promisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,generation,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-andtime-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommoditizedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother’selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver.Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.Ifthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime―oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthat______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Wgeneration?

4.Inthesixthparagraph,theauthorimpliedthat______.

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe______.

问题1选项

A.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward

B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.

C.technologyactuallyresultsinadeclineintheirlifequality

D.technologyshouldbeaggressivelychampioned

问题2选项

A.Technologywassupposedtofreepeople.

B.Tgenerationbecameslavesoftechnology.

C.Newtechnologiesoccupymuchofourtime.

D.Itisdifficulttoavoidtheinfluenceoftechnologywonders.

问题3选项

A.Technologicalwonders.

B.Accesstoinformation.

C.Time

D.Time-savingdevices.

问题4选项

A.socialconservativesblamedthelossofmoralityontechnology

B.generationwaslesscivilthantheearliergenerations

C.thehyperspeedcultureledtothedeclineincivility

D.technologymightmakepeoplelessimpatient

问题5选项

A.TheNewInternetLife

B.TheDrawbacksoftooMuchAccess

C.TheFailureofTechnologicalRenaissance

D.TheDecliningQualityofLife

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?“No,quitecontrary.”（我们在工作、家庭和社区的生活质量是否与我们生活中引入的所有新互联网和企业对企业的互联网服务成正比？“不，完全相反。”）可知C选项“技术实际上导致了他们生活质量的下降”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.（相反，本应解放我们的科技奇迹，却开始把我们束缚在一个似乎无法轻易摆脱的联系网中）但并不是说网络一代变成了技术的奴隶，因此选B。

3.细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.（我们的每一个空闲时间都充满了某种形式的商业联系，使时间本身成为所有资源中最稀缺的）可知选C。

4.推理判断题。文章第六段中的Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?（有没有人问过，高速发展的文化是否让我们所有人都变得不那么有耐心，不太愿意倾听、推迟、考虑和反思？）可知D选项“科技可能会使人失去耐心”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了科技给人们生活带来的负面影响，因此B选项“使用过多的缺点”符合题意。

10.单选题

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriescenteredprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship''tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenchangethemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirsttrytofindoutwhatconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolentorthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction——thefirmandthecustomer—andeachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandmeetingtheneedsoftheconsumers.Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofmeetingtheconsumers’needshappenedinthemid-1985,whenCoca-Colachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenew.KingCustomerruled!

1.Toputitinasimplerway,themarketingconceptis（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,mostindustriesinthenearpastfocusedon.

3.TheauthorusedtheexampleofCoca-colatoshow

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Thephrase“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”inparagraphonemeans（

）.

问题1选项

A.akindofpersuasivesalesmanship

B.anefforttoturngoodsintomoney

C.acustomer-centeredapproach

D.asurestwaytogreaterprofit

问题2选项

A.thedemandsofthemarket

B.theefficiencyofproduction

C.thepreferencesofconsumers

D.thesatisfactionofconsumers

问题3选项

A.boththefirmandthecustomersmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs

B.anewproductishardtobeacceptedbythemajorityoftheconsumers

C.ClassicCokeismuchbetterthanthenewflavorproducedbyCoca-cola

D.aproductmustbedesignedtosatisfythedemandsofmostconsumers

问题4选项

A.Abusinessproducesgoodsonlybecausetheywanttosatisfytheneedsofthepublic.

B.Consumers