【英语】九年级上册英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析

【英语】九年级上册英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析一、阅读理解1.根据短文理解选择正确答案。Ifmusicmakesyousmarterandexercisehelpsyoutothink,surelyexercisingtomusiccanturnyouintoacleverperson.AteamofscientistsfromOhioStateUniversitydidexperimentson33volunteerswhoweregettingbetterfromheartdiseaseafteroperations.TheyfoundthosevolunteerswhoexercisedwhilelisteningtoItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi'sTheFourSeasonsdidmuchbetteronlanguageabilityteststhanwithoutmusic.Itisalsousedinmedicalfieldsforpatientswhohavehadheadhurtsbecauseofitsmoderatetempo (舒缓的节拍)Exerciseseemstocausepositivechangesinthenerve(神经)systemandthesechangesmayimprovethelearningabilityofpeoplewithheartdisease,saidthepsychologistCharlesEmery,wholedthestudy.AndlisteningtomusicisthougLEmery,wholedthestudy.AndlisteningtomusicisthougLhtaoc:eunderstanding.Wejust“headded.“headded.wantedtoputthetworesultstogether,Thevolunteerssaidtheyfeltbetteremotionallyandphysicallyafterexercisingwithorwithoutmusic.Buttheirimprovementonthetestdoubledafterlisteningtomusicduringexercise.Scientistshaveprovedthatmusiccanbegoodforhealthandeducation.Ithelpsreducestressandsadness,encouragerelaxationorsleep,wakeupthebodyandimprovememoryandthoughts.Scientistshavebeenstudyingtheresultsofexercisetomusiconlearningandunderstandingsincetheearly1950s.AstudyshowedthatstudentswholistenedtoMozart'sviolinpiecesandexercisedwentontogethighermarksinanIQtest.Withimportantexamsdrawingnear,yourparentswillnotprobablyallowyoutolistentomusicorplaysports.Butperhapsnowyouhavegoodreasonstoarguewiththem.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordenhancemean?A.produce B.provide C.improve D.impressFromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat.youshouldfollowyourparents'wordsyouhavesomegoodreasonstojoininanIQtestgoodmarksdependonlisteningtomusicandexcisingexercisetomusicmighthelpyougethighergradesintests(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?Musichelpsvolunteersgetbetterfromheartdisease.Exerciseisusedforpeoplewithheadhurts.Exercisecausesnochangesinhealthwithoutmusic.Musiccanhelpyourelaxandfeelenergetic.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ExercisetoMusic B.MusicandstudyC.ImportanceofMusic D.StudiesonExercise【答案】(1)C⑵DDA【解析】 【分析】本文主要介绍了多听音乐可以提高我们的学习能力，可以让我们更健康，有聪明，说明了音乐的重要作用。(1)词义猜测。根据本段第——句 "Factssuggestthatexerciseimprovesthelearningabilityofpeoplewithheartdisease,说明音乐可以提高那些患病的人的学习能力，说明Andlisteningtomusicisthoughttoenhanceunderstanding.中的enhance是指提高，增强的意思。produce生产；provide提供；improve提高；impress给••…留下印象。故C正确。(2)细节理解。根据文章倒数 3,4行AstudyshowedstudentswholistenedtoMozartwentontoscorehighermarksinanintelligencetest.说明多听音乐可能让人在智力测试中得到高分，说明D项正确。(3)细节理解。根据倒数第二段 Scientistshaveprovedthatmusiccanbegoodforhealthandeducation.Ithelpsreducestressandsadness,encouragerelaxationorsleep,wakeupthebodyandimprovememoryandthoughts可知音乐可以减少压力，让人放松，唤醒身体，提高记忆等，故选D。主旨大意。本文第一句 Ifmusicmakesyousmarterandexercisehelpsyoutothink,surelyexercisingtomusiccanturnyouintoacleverperson是文章的中心句,下文者B是围绕第——句进行阐述，故选Ao【点评】本文主要讲述的是音乐的重要作用，需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力，根据上下文中出现的同义词，近义词，反义词，以及词义的解释来理解生词。同时要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。2.阅读理解It'shardtoturndownatastybanana.Theytastegoodandyoudon'thavetowashthembeforeeatingthem.However,Britishscientistssaythatthefruitmaydisappearby2050.Onereasonforthisisclimate(气候)change.ScientistsattheUniversityofExetercollecteddata(数据)from27countriesandregionsthatproduce86percentoftheworld'sbananas.Theyfoundthatclimatechangehasimprovedgrowingconditionsin21ofthesecountries.Inthepast60years,theaverageyield(平均产量) hasreached1.37tonsofbananasperhectare(公顷).However,iftemperatureskeeprising,thisadvantagewilldisappear.Tenofthecountries,includingIndia,theworld'sbiggestproducerofbananas,willproducefewerbananas.By2050,thefruitmaydieout.Shouldn'tbananasgrowmoreeasilyifit'shotteroutside?Infact,theperfecttemperaturerangeforgrowingbananasisbetween24and32C.Iftemperaturesgettoohigh,theywillstopgrowing.Diseasesareanotherdangertobananas.Unlikeothercrops,thebananaswegrowcomefromshootcuttings(茎段)ratherthanseeds.Thismeansthatallbananaplantshavethesamegenotype(基因型).Inotherwords,ifadiseaseisabletokilloneplant,itcouldkillthemall.OneseriousdiseaseiscalledPanama.Causedbyfungus(真菌)inthesoil,itspreadseasily.IthasspreadacrossSouthAsia,Africa,theMiddleEast,andAustralia.Ifonebananaplantation(种植园)suffersfromthedisease,itwilltake30yearsuntilitisabletogrowbananasagain.Scientistshaveyettofindacureforthisdisease.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inParagraph2referto?A.People'sloveforbananas. B.Thetasteofbananas.C.Theconvenienceofeatingbananas. D.Thefuturedisappearanceofbananas.Whatmighthappeniftemperatureskeepgoinghigher?Morecountrieswillstarttogrowbananas.Bananaswillgrowbetterinmostcountries.Bananaswillnotbeabletogrowanymore.Bananaswon'tbeastastyasbefore.WhatdoesParagraph5tellus?A.Whatdiseasesbananasmaysufferfrom.B.Howbananasaregrown.C.Howdiseasescaneasilykillbananas.D.Whichdiseasescankillbananas.(4)Thepassageiswrittento.A.offertipsforgrowingbananas B.explainwhybananasmaydieoutC.showthedifficultiesofgrowingbananasD.describebananas'growingconditions【答案】(1)DCCB【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。(1)推断题。根据前句 However,Britishscientistssaythatthefruitmaydisappearby2050.可知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以 this代指香蕉消失，故选 Do(2)细节题。根据However,iftemperatureskeeprising,thisadvantagewilldisappear.Tenofthecountries,includingIndia,theworld'sbiggestproducerofbananas,willproducefewerbananas.By2050,thefruitmaydieout可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即不能生长，故选a(3)细节题。根据Diseasesareanotherdangertobananas.可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险，即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选Co(4)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选 Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3.阅读理解Inthesummerbetweenmyfirstyearandsecondyearincollege,Iwasinvitedtobeaninstructor(辅导员)atahighschoolcamp.Onthefirstday,whenweweredancingandplayinggames,Inoticedaboyunderthetreewhowassmallandthin.Hisshynessmadehimappearweak.Iwalkedtowardshim,introducedmyselfandinvitedhimtojoinintheactivitiesandmeetsomenewpeople.Hequietlyreplied,"No,Ireallydon'twanttodothis."IcouldunderstandthathewasinanewworldbutIknewitwouldn'tberighttoforcehimeither.Actually,theboydidn'tneedaclosetalkbutafriend.Atlunchthenextday,IwasleadingcampsongswhenIsawtheboyunderthetreesittingalone.Itriedagainwiththesameinvitation,butherefusedonceagain.ThateveningIwastoldtheboy'snamewasTommy.ThenIaskedthecamperstopayspecialattentiontotheboyandspendtimewithhimwhentheycould.Thedayswentbyandthetimecamewhenwehadtoleave.Weheldabig,warmpartytocelebratetheclosingofthecamp.Allthecamperssharedtheirwonderfulmoments.Tomysurprise,Ifoundtheboyfromunderthetreedancingjoyfullywithtwogirls.Icouldn'tbelieveitwasthesameperson.InOctoberofmysecondyear,IreceivedaphonecallfromTommy'smother.ShetoldmethatTommywashitbyacaranddied.Iofferedmydeepsadness.Themothersaid,"Tommymentionedyousomanytimes.Iwantyoutoknowthathewentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriendswithconfidence.YoumadeadifferencetoTommyduringhislastmonths."Atthatmoment,Irealizedhoweasyitwastogiveabitofyourselfeveryday.Youmayneverknowhowmucheachgesturemaymeantosomeoneelse.Ihopethateveryonecanpayattentiontohisown"boyunderthetree".Beforethewritercametothehighschoolsummercamp,hewasa(n).A.instructor B.camper C.student D.reporterHowmanytimesdidthewriterinvitetheboytojoinintheactivities?A.Once. B.Twice. C.Threetimes. D.Manytimes.WhichistheCORRECTorderaboutthestory?①Theboydancedjoyfullywithtwogirls.②Theboywentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriends.③Theboyrefusedtojoinintheactivities.④Theboy'smothermadeaphonecalltothewriter.A.①②③④ B.②③①④ C.③①②④ D.④③②①FromParagraph4,wecaninferthatTommy'smotherwasverytothewriter.A.thankful B.helpful C.faithful D.harmful

【答案】(1)C⑵BCA【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。(1)推理题。根据Inthesummerbetweenmyfirstyearandsecondyearincollege,Iwasinvitedtobeaninstructor(辅导员)atahighschoolcamp在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师(辅导员)在一个高中营地可知， 在作家来到高中夏令营之前，他是名学生，故选Co(2)细节题。根据invitedhimtojoinintheactivities和Itriedagainwiththesameinvitation可知，作者邀请这个男孩参加了 2次活动，故选Bo(3)细节题。根据全文描述可知最初 男孩拒绝参加活动，后来男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞，这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友， 男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故 是C选项的排序是正确的，故选Co(4)推理题。根据Tommymentionedyousomanytimes.Iwantyoutoknowthathewentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriendswithconfidence.YoumadeadifferencetoTommyduringhislastmonths 汤米多次提到你。我想让你知道，他回到学校，自信地交了新朋友。在汤米的最后几个月里，你改变了他 可知，汤米的母亲对作家很感谢 ，故选Ao【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。4.阅读理解Wanttoenjoysomeextremesports （极限运动）？HereareasmallnumberoftheextremesportclubsacrossuniversitiesintheUK.Octopush（水中曲棍球）Oxford,York.AberdeenandWarwickareonlysomeoftheuniversitiesthatofferthisratherunusualsport.Anyonewhoisabletoswimcanplay.Itisplayedbytwoteamsofsixplayers.Everyonewearsamaskandcarriesasmallwoodenstick.SkiingandsnowboardingNearlyeveryuniversityintheUKhasaskiingandsnowboardingclub.Forexample,Brumski8.BoardClubofBirminghamUniversityhasrunfor30yearsandhasabout500members.TheyholdChristmasandEasterskitripseveryyearandtakepartincompetitions.

SkateboardingWarwickUniversityishometotheLongboardingClub.Alongboardistwoorthreefeetlongerthanausualskateboardandhasawiderwheelbase.InsteadofofferingclubT-shirts,theLongboardingClubletsmembershavetheirpersonalsocks.BASEjumpingTheUniversityofLincolnoffersBASEjumping.InBASEjumping,playersjumpfromfixedobjectsanduseaparachute(降落伞)tobreaktheirfall.TheygoonweeklytripstoSkydiveHibaldstow.(1)IfastudentwantstotakepartinOctopush,heorsheshouldbeabletoA.ski B.swim C.skate D.skydiveHowmanymembersarethereinBrumski&.BoardClub?A.About30. B.About300. C.About50. D.About500.Ausualskateboardisthanalongboard.A.shorter B.longer C.wider D.biggerWhichuniversityoffersBASEjumping?A.Oxford. B.York. C.Lincoln. D.Warwick.⑸Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostcommonsportinUKuniversities?A.Octopush.B.Snowboarding. C.Skateboarding.D.BASEjumping.【答案】(1)B⑵DAC⑸B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国各大学的少数极限运动俱乐部。(1)细节题。根据水中曲棍球的介绍 Anyonewhoisabletoswimcanplay可知如果一个学生想参加水中曲棍球，他或她应该会游泳，故选Bo(2)细节题。根据Brumski8.BoardClubofBirminghamUniversityhasrunfor30yearsandhasabout500members布鲁姆斯基8和伯明翰大学董事会俱乐部已经运作了 30年，可知大约有500名成员，故选D。(3)推理题。根据Alongboardistwoorthreefeetlongerthanausualskateboard 长板比普通滑板长两到三英尺可知普通的滑板比长板短，故选 Ao(4)细节题。根据TheUniversityofLincolnoffersBASEjumping可知Lincoln提供基础跳跃，故选Co推理题。根据TheyholdChristmasandEasterskitripseveryyearandtakepartincompetitions他们每年都举行圣诞节和复活节滑雪旅行，并参加比赛 可知滑雪板运动是英国大学最常见的运动 ，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。5.阅读理解Therearemanydifferentkindsoffestivalsaroundtheworld.Herearefourofthem.SaintPatrick'sDayinIrelandIrelandisanislandcountry.It'sinthewestofEurope,Therearewidegreenfields.SaintPatrick'sDayison17thMarch.It'sanimportantholidayinIreland.ThisholidayistorememberSaintPatrick.HedidgoodthingsforthepeopleofIreland.Duringtheholiday,thereareparadesandlotsofgreen.Youcanseepeopleingreenclothes,andyoucanevenseegreenbuildings.RedWednesdayinIranRedWednesdayisafirejumpingfestivalinIran.Itisontheeve(前夜)ofthelastWednesdayoftheyear.Peoplejumpoverthefire.Theyhopethatitwilltakeallthebadthingsaway.QuebecWinterCarnivalinCanadaWhenwintercomes,it'spartytimeinQuebecCity,Canada.TheQuebecWinterCarnivalisallaboutoutdoorfun.ItstartsfromtheendofJanuaryandendsinmidFebruary.Oneofthemostpopularactivitiesisthedogsleddingrace(狗拉雪橇比赛) .Ithasmorethan30teamsandtheracegoesonfor6kilometres.Youcanseehappinessoneveryface.TheDesert(沙漠) FestivalinTunisiaTunisiaisaveryimportantcountryinNorthAfrica.EveryyearonthelastSundayofDecember,theDesertFestivalisheldinTunisia.As"ShipsoftheDesert",camelsareveryimportantinthefestival.Thereiscamelracingandcamelwrestling(摔跤)OnSaintPatrick'sDay,youcanseethefollowingEXCEPT.A.camels B.parades C.peopleingreen D.greenbuildingsWhatdopeopledoonRedWednesdayinIran?Theyruninthesnow.Theywearredclothes.Theyjumpoverthefire.Theywatchthecamelracing.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthedogsleddingraceaccordingtothepassage?Theracetakesplaceon17thMarch.Theracegoesonfor6kilometres.Theracehasahistoryofabout10years.About30peoplegototheraceeveryyear.WhenistheDesertFestivalinTunisiaeveryyear?OnthefirstSundayofFebruary.OnthelastSundayofDecember.OntheeveofthelastFridayoftheyear.OntheeveofthelastWednesdayoftheyear.⑸Wherecanweprobablyfindthepassage?A.Inastorybook.B.Inacookbook.C.Inatravelmagazine.D.Inasportmagazine.【答案】(1)ACBB⑸C【解析】【分析】主要讲了全世界不同的四个节日。细节题。根据Duringtheholiday,thereareparadesandlotsofgreen.Youcanseepeopleingreenclothes,andyoucanevenseegreenbuildings.可知节日期间，有游行和大量的绿色。你可以看到人们穿着绿色的衣服，你甚至可以看到绿色的建筑。没有骆驼，故选 Ao(2)细节题。根据RedWednesdayinIranPeoplejumpoverthefire.可知人们跳火，故选Co(3)细节题。根据Oneofthemostpopularactivitiesisthedogsleddingrace (狗拉雪橇比赛).Ithasmorethan30teamsandtheracegoesonfor6kilometres.最受欢迎的活动之——是狗雪橇比赛。它有超过30支队伍，比赛持续了6公里。故选Bo(4)细节题。根据TheDesert(沙漠) FestivalinTunisiaEveryyearonthelastSundayofDecember,theDesertFestivalisheldinTunisia.可知在12月最后一个星期天，故选 B。(5)细节题。根据Therearemanydifferentkindsoffestivalsaroundtheworld.可知主要讲了全世界不同的四个节日，所以是来自旅行杂志，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。6.阅读理解Nowadayslotsofkidsareathomealoneafterschool.Areyouoneofthem?Kidswhoregularlytakecareofthemselvesarecalled"latchkeykids".Thisnicknamegotitsstartinthe1940s.ManymenfoughtintheSecondWorldWarandwomenhadtotakejobsinfactoriestokeepthecountrygoing.Withbothparentsaway,lotsofkidswentbacktoemptyhousesafterschool.Latchkeykidsworehousekeysaroundtheirnecksandtheyusedthekeystoopendoors.Today,it'scommonforbothparentstowork.Asaresult,anewgenerationofkidsarespendingsometimealoneafterschool.Itbecomesnecessaryforbothparentsandkidstomakesomerules.Therearealotofquestionstotalkabout:Shouldyoucallyourmum,ordadassoonasyougethome?Shouldyoudoyourhomeworkfirst?CanyouwatchTVorplaycomputergames?Ifso,howlong?Whatcanyoueatifyouwantasnack?Canfriendscomeover?Ifso,howmany?Aslatchkeykids,knowinghowtostaysafeisjustasimportantasfollowingthefamilyrules.Talkaboutthefollowingquestionswithyourparents:Whatshouldyoudowhenthephonerings?Whatshouldyoudoifsomeoneknocksatthedoor?Whatshouldyoudoifsomeonebreaksintothehouse?Whatshouldyoudoifyoucutyourselfwhilecooking?Youmayfeelwhenyouareathomealone.Don'tworry.Keepingyourselfbusyishelpful.Therearemanythingswhichcanmakeyoufeelthattimegoesbyquickly:•Readamagazine.•Writeanemail.•Phoneafriend.Latchkeykids.A.likecollectingkeys B.livewiththeirgrandparentsC.havepart-timejobsinfactories D.regularlystayathomealoneafterschoolHowmanypiecesofadvicedoesthewritergivetolatchkeykids?A.Two B.Three C.Four D.FiveWhichofthefollowingcanbeputin""?A.Canyouhaveyourhaircut? B.Shouldyougotoschoolonfoot?C.Canyougoout?Ifso,where? D.Canyouaskteachersforhelpatschool?Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin""?bored B.excited C.relaxed D.pleased⑸Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.A.there'snoneedtomakefamilyruleslatchkeykidsshouldlearntoprotectthemselvestimepassesslowlywhenlatchkeykidsarebusyparentsshouldneverleavetheirkidsaloneathome【答案】(1)D⑵BCA⑸B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了独自在家的孩子，在家时应该怎么做。细节题。根据Nowadayslotsofkidsareathomealoneafterschool.Areyouoneofthem?Kidswhoregularlytakecareofthemselvesarecalled"latchkeykids现在许多孩子放学后独自在家。你是他们中的一员吗？经常照顾自己的孩子被称为 钥匙孩子”可知，钥匙儿童放学后经常独自呆在家里，故选 Do(2)细节题。根据Readamagazine.•Writeanemail.•Phoneafriend阅读杂志。叫一封电子邮件。•给朋友打电话知，作者给了钥匙儿童3个建议，故选Bo(3)推理题。根据Canfriendscomeover?Ifso,howmany?,可知你能出去吗？如果是，在哪里Canyougoout?Ifso,where?适合放在横线处，都是条件状语从句的省略形式，故选Co(4)细节题。根据Don'tworry.Keepingyourselfbusyishelpful.别担心。让自己忙碌是有帮助的可知，此处是个负面情绪的形容词， A无聊的，B激动的，C放松的，D高兴的，bored适合放在横线处，故选 A。55)细节题。根据Aslatchkeykids,knowinghowtostaysafeisjustasimportantasfollowingthefamilyrules作为钥匙儿童，知道如何保持安全和遵守家庭规则一样重要可知， 钥匙儿童应该学会保护自己，故选 Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7.阅读理解IwastravellingalonethroughtheUK.Toreachplacesthatwereoffthepublictransportationmap,Iboughtanoldcar,whichcostmostofmymoney.Icouldn'taffordtostayinahotel,soIhadtocampinmycarfortherestofthetrip.OnemorningIwokeupinmyoldcaronacountryroadinIrelandandsawasinglehouse,Thewaterinmythermos(保温瓶)hadgonecold,soIknockedonthedoorofthehouse.Awomanopenedit.Iaskedherforsomehotwater.Butshewouldn'tletmegetawaywithjustthat!Iwasinvitedindoors.Sheaskedmetositatthetableandhavebreakfastwithherfamily.TheyfilledmythermosbeforeIleft.Iwasgreatlymoved.AndIdecidedtopassthekindnesson.TheotherdayImetayoungmanwhohadbeendrivingaroundtolookforaparkinglot.Helookedincreasinglyupset.IwasgladthatIwasabletopointoneouttohim.Histhankfulsmilewasthehugestreward (奖赏) forme.Thewriterboughtthecarinorderto.A.servethepublicB.travelmoreeasilyC.takethetripaloneD.savemoremoney(2)Whydidthewritercampinhiscar?A.Hewasshortofmoney. B.Itwashishabit.C.Hecouldhaveabetterrest. D.Itwouldbewarmer.Thewriteraskedthewomanfor.A.amap B.athermos C.somehotwater D.alightbreakfastHowdidtheyoungmanfeelatlast?A.Funny. B.Upset. C.Disappointed. D.Thankful.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.Travellingaloneisinteresting. B.Sharingfoodisapleasure.C.Kindnessisthesunshineinlife. D.Smileisimportanttoeveryone.【答案】(1)B⑵ACD⑸C【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者去英国旅行时，负担不起待在旅馆，所以在车里待了一晚，第二天发现保温瓶里的水变凉了，所以去借水，一个女士让作者一起吃早饭，作者备受感动，决定把友善传递下去。1)细节题。根据Toreachplacesthatwereoffthepublictransportationmap,Iboughtanoldcar,whichcostmostofmymoney.为了到达公共交通地图上找不到的地方，我买了一辆旧车，花了我大部分的钱，故选B。TOC\o"1-5"\h\z2)细节题。根据Icouldn'taffordtostayinahotel,soIhadtocampinmycarfortherestofthetrip.可知作者负担不起待在旅馆里，所以不得不待在车里，即缺钱，故选 A。(3)细节题。根据Iaskedherforsomehotwater.可知作者和她要热水，故选 C。(4)推断题。根据Iwasgreatlymoved.AndIdecidedtopassthekindnesson.我很感动。我决定把仁慈传给他，即感谢的，故选 Do(5)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者去英国旅行时，负担不起待在旅馆，所以在车里待了一晚，第二天发现保温瓶里的水变凉了，所以去借水，一个女士让作者一起吃早饭，作者备受感动，决定把友善传递下去。故选Q【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8.阅读理解Differentcountrieshavedifferentgreetingcustoms.Readthisarticletoknowmoreaboutthegreetingcustomsindifferentcultures,andmakesureyougreetpeopleintherightwaynexttime.FranceFrenchpeoplegreeteachotherwithahandshake,butclosefriendskisseachotheronbothcheekswhentheymeet.Theydothisgesturewhenmeetingandbeforeleaving.SouthKoreaInSouthKorea,itisasignofrespectforpeopletobowwhengreetingeachother,InSouthKorea,abowisfollowedbyahandshake.Whileshakingsomeone'shand,itispolitetosupporttherightforearmwiththelefthand.However,SouthKoreanwomendonotshakehandswithWesternmen;instead,theybowslightly.BrazilKissingwomenonthecheekisacommonwayofgreeting.Inaformalsituation,ahandshakeisoftendonetoshowrespect.Menshouldshakehandsbeforeandaftermeeting,andoncetheyhavebecomefamiliarwitheachother,alighthugisoftengiventoeachother.GhanaInasocialsituation,it'spolitetogreeteveryoneintheroom.Ahandshakeisusedingreeting,andthepalmmustdirectlytouchthepalmoftheother.It'sconsidereddisrespectfultotouchthebackofthehand.

ThePhilippinesThereareseveralwaysofgreetingpeopleinthePhilippines.Anelderlypersonplaceshisorherrighthandontheforeheadofachildto"bless"thelatter.Thisiscalled"mano".Relativesandfamilymembersgreeteachotherwithakissonthecheek.Friendsgreeteachotherwithapolitenodorahandshake.(1MikekissesaFrenchboyJimonthecheek,theymay.meetforthefirsttimebeclosefriendsbeinasocialsituationbeinaformalsituationInBrazil,itisverycommontobetweengoodfriends.shakehandsB.kissonthecheekC.bowtoeachotherD.givealighthug(3)WhichofthefollowingisaboutGhana?A.Friendscangivealighthugtoeachother.Peoplecangiveanodorhandshake.It'simpolitetotouchthebackofthehand.Familymemberscangreeteachotherwithakiss.【答案】(1)B⑵DC【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了不同的国家有不同的问候习俗，了解更多不同文化中的问候习俗，确保下次你用正确的方式问候别人。推理题。根据closefriendskisseachotheronbothcheekswhentheymeet亲密的的朋友，故选Bo(2)细节题。根据轻拥抱一下很常见的朋友，故选Bo(2)细节题。根据轻拥抱一下很常见(3)细节题。根据可知，在alighthugisoftengiventoeachother可知，在巴西，好朋友之间轻故选D。可知，在It'sconsidereddisrespectfultotouchthebackofthehand加纳触摸手背是不礼貌的，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。9.阅读理解Bigdata(数据)islotofsetsofinformationthatareputtogethersotheycanbeusedbyacomputerprogram.Thecomputerprogramlooksfordifferentkindsofanswersorpatternsinthedata.Bigdatacanhavedifferentkindsofinformationfrommanysources,suchasinformationthatcomesfromschools,socialmediasites(社交媒体网站) ，companiesandgovernments.Onesetofdatacanhavepeople'snamesandaddresses.Anothersetcanhavewhattheylike,wheretheygotoschool,andhowmuchtimetheyspendonthecomputer.Bigdatacanbeusedinmanyways.Thegovernmentusesittounderstandhowmanypeopletravelonbusesortrains.Thisinformationisthenusedtomakebusortrainsystemsbetter.Someschoolsusebigdatatounderstandwhichchildrenmayneedmorehelpinclass.Theteachercanthengivecertainstudentsmorehelporsupportsothosestudentscansucceedinschool.Companiesusebigdata,too.Ithelpsthemunderstandwhobuystheirproducts.Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosticecream.Bigdatacanbeusedforgoodreasons.Somehospitalsusebigdatatopredictifababywhoisborntooearlywillgetsick.Thehospitalcanthentakeextrastepstotakecareofthatbabysohe,shedoesnotgetsick.Bigdatacanalsobeusedforbadreasons.Itcanbeusedtopredictwhichkindsofpeoplearelikelytobreakthelaworhurtothers,eveniftheyhavenotdoneanythingwrong.Howcanbigdatabeusedforgoodandbadthings?Itisbecausethecomputerprogramsusedtolookatbigdataandunderstanditarewrittenbypeople.Peoplethinkacertainway.Becausetheythinkacertainway,theybuildamodelofthoseideas.Theseideasarethenusedtolookatthedata.Sometimes,theseideasarehelpfulforpeopleorbusinesses.Othertimes,badideascancauseproblemsforcertaingroupsofpeople.Thisreadingisabout.whatbigdataisandhowitisusedwhatschoolsandhospitalspeoplelikewhereimportantdataiscollectedandstoredhowbigdataiscontrolledbygovernmentsandcompaniesOnecompanyusesweatherinformationto.A.helpchildreninneed B.knowwhenpeoplewillvisitthehospitalC.findoutwhotidesthebusortrain D.understandwhenpeoplewillneedicecreamThemainideaofParagraph3is.bigdatacanbeusedforgoodreasonswecanusebigdatainanumberofwaysbigdatacanbeusedforbothgoodandbadreasonswecanusebigdatatostopbabiesfromgettingsickTheoveralltone(总基调) ofthisreadingis.A.sadandpersonal B.personalandscientificC.informativebutsilly D.scientificandinformative【答案】(1)A⑵DCD【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。(1)主旨大意题，根据文章第一段第一句 Bigdata(数据)isalotofsetsofinformationthatareputtogethersotheycanbeusedbyacomputerprogram. 和第二段第一句 Bigdatacanbeusedinmanyways.可知，大数据是将许多信息集合在一起，以便计算机程序使用，而且大数据可以以多种方式使用。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。故选A。（2）细节理解题，根据文章第二段最后——句 Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosticecream.可知，一家公司使用天气数据来查看人们什么时候吃的冰激凌最多。故选D。（3）段落大意题，根据文章第三段第一句 Bigdatacanbeusedforgoodreasons.和第四句Bigdatacanalsobeusedforbadreasons.可知，大数据既可以用于良性的改善救助，也可以用于预防恶性的行为。故选 C。（4）推理判断题，这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。而且文章使用了很多例子，让读者更容易理解。整篇文章具有科学性且信息丰富，具有教育意义。故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及细节题、推断题、段落大意题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；段落大意题是通读整段，找出主题句；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．阅读理解WhoisthegreatestteacherinChinesehistory?Manypeoplewouldsay:Confucius（孔子）September28ishisbirthday.Hewasbornover2,000yearsago,butpeoplestillrememberhimonthisday.ConfuciuslivedintheKingdomofLu,partoftoday'sShandongProvince.HelivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Hischildhoodwassad.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasonly3andhehadtoworktohelphismother.ButyoungConfuciusdidn'tgiveupstudying.Hevisitedmanyfamousteachersandlearnedmusic,history,poetryandsports.Later,hebecameateacherandstartedthefirstpublicschoolinChinesehistory.Atthattimeonlychildrenfromrichfamiliescouldgotoschool,butConfuciusbelievedeveryoneshouldgotoschooliftheywantedtolearn.Hehadabout3,000studentsinhislifetime.Today,peoplestillfollowConfucius'lessons.Hetoldusthateveryonehassomethingworthytobelearned."WhenIamwiththreepeople,one