2018-2019学年南洋模范高一下英语期中考试

第第页/共6页□・GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.bytheteachertoleavetheclassroommadehimfeelashamed.AskedB.BeingaskedC.HavingaskedD.TohaveaskedThisistheonlywaythatIcanthinkoftheproblemofwaterwasteinurbanareas.settingB.tosettleC.settleD.settledIstillrememberthetownweworkedtenyearsago.whereB.thereC.whichD.whatMyfathergavemeagoldwatch,weremadeofsmalldiamonds.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhichOnelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesandthem.correctB.correctsC.correctingD.tocorrectOnlywhenheapologizesforhisrudenesstohimagain.Helenwasabouttowalkoutofthedoorthetelephonerang.A.whenB.thenC.whileD.thatDownandhurthisleg.A.felltheboyB.fellheC.didhefallD.didtheboyfellSectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillinblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Asisknowntoalltheorganizationandmanagementofwagesandsalariesareverycomplex.afirmwantstoadoptanewwageandsalarystructure,itisessentialthatthefirmshoulddecideonamethodofjobevaluationandwaysof26.(measure)theperformanceofitsemployees.Inordertobesuccessful,thatnewpaystructurewillrequireagreementbetweenTradeUnionsandemployers.Beforejobevaluation,alloftherequirementsofeachjob27.(define)inadetailedjobdescription.Eachofthoserequirementsisgivenavalue,usuallyin“points,”28.areaddedtogethertogiveatotalvalueforthejob.Formiddleandhighermanagement,aspecialmethodisused29.(evaluate)managersontheirknowledgeofthejob,theirresponsibilityandtheirabilitytosolveproblems,30.thedifficultyinmeasuringmanagementwork,however,jobgradesformanagersareoftendecidedwithoutreferencetoanevaluationsystem31.(base)onpoints.Inattemptingtodesignapaysystem,thePersonnelDepartmentshouldcomparethevalueofeachjobwiththoseinthejobmarket.Itshouldalsoconsidereconomicfactorssuchasthecostoflivingandthelaborsupply.32.isnecessarythatpaymentforajobshouldvarywithanydifferencesinthewaythatthejobisperformed.Whereitissimpletomeasuretheworkdone,asinworkdonewithhands,monetaryencouragementschemesareoftenchosen.Forindirectworkers,wheremeasurementisdifficult,methodsofadditionalpaymentsareemployed.SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.heavilyB.surgeryC.drivenD.regulateE.applyF.loosenedG.treatmentH.influenceI.potentialJ.launchedK.approvedChinesemedicalexperthavewarnedthatantibiotics（抗生素）are“33.overused"inhospitals,whichmaycauseseriousside-effectsforthehealthofanentiregeneration.Accordingtotheministry,70percentofChineseinpatientshavereceivedantibiotics,whilethemaximumnumbersetbytheWorldHealthOrganizationis30percent.About97percentof34.patientsusedantibioticsbutresearchshowedthatalargenumberofthemcouldavoidtheneedifhospitalsconductedpropersanitation（公共卫生）measures.Particularly,antibioticsareoverusedinthe35.ofchildren.Nearlyonethirdofthedaily10,000outpatientsattheBeijingchildren'sHospitaltakeintravenousdrips（静脉输液）thatlargelycontainantibiotics.“Somedoctorsmightlackpropertrainingonhowto36.antibioticsinamoreprecisewayandavoid37.risks.Somesimplywanttoplayitsafe,”saidZhuZhenggang,presidentofShanghai-basedRuijinHospital.Theministry38.anationwidecampaignoverthepastsixmonthsto39.theuseofantibiotics.ViceHealthMinisterMaXiaoweiadmittedthatthegovernmentfacesgreatchallengesasmanypublichospitalshave40.supervisiononprescription（处方）safetyunderheavypressurefrompatients.Insidersalsonotedthattheoveruseofantibioticswaspartly41.byprofit-seekingpharmacy（制药）firms.About60percentofthenewly42.medicinesbytheStateFoodandDrugAdministration（SFDA）lastyearwereantibiotics.AccordingtotheSFDA,thecountryreported690,000casesofadversedrugreactionscausedbyabuseofmedicine,including600deathsin2010.□.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Wehearbetween10and200leseeveryday,from“Sorry,myphonewasdead”to“I'mfine.”Andjustbylisteningtosimplelinguistic43.,wecouldeasilydiscoverthem,claimscientistsandlinguisticsexperts.Studieshaveshownthatstoriesbasedon44.experiencesaredifferentfromthosebasedonrealexperiences,suggestingthatcomingupwithalietakesworkandthus45.adifferentpatternoflanguageuse.InaTEDTalk,NoahZanden,asciencecommunicatorandchiefexecutiveofQuantifiedCommunicationsbasedinAustin,Texas,explainedhow“linguistictextanalysis”—whichisbasedonthedifferencebetweenhowwe46.thetruthandliescanhelppeoplespotuntruths.

Therearefourcommonpatternsinthesubconsciouslanguageoflying.Zandenexplainedthatliarstypically47.themselveslessandtalkmoreaboutothersinaliethanusual.Theysometimesusethethirdpersonto48.themselvesfromtheirlie,becausetheysubconsciouslyfeelguilty.Forthesamereason,liarstendtobemore49..“Forexample,aliarmightsay,‘Sorry,mystupidphonebatterydied.Ihatethatthing,'”Zandensaid.Peoplecanalsospotaliewhensomeoneexplainseventsusingvery50.words.Ourbrainsstruggletobuildacomplexfalsestory,whichmeansthatexplanationsabouteventsthatdidn'thappenseemstraightforward.52.,althoughliarsmaykeeptheirstorysimple,theytendtouselongerandmorecomplicatedsentences,53.unrelatedbutfactualsoundingdetailstomaketheirstorysoundmorebelievable,hesaid.Expertssaythatthepatternscanbeseeninfamous54..Forexample,whenseven-timewinneroftheTourdeFrance,LanceArmstrong,55.usingperformanceenhancingdrugsin2005,hedescribedanunrealsituation56.someoneelsetodisassociatehimselffromhislie.Incontrast,whenheadmittedtousingthemin2013,hisuseoffirst-personpronounsincreasedbynearlythreequarters,57.thathewastellingthetruth.Hetalkedabouthisfocuson43.A.forms44.A.personal45.A.leadstoHetalkedabouthisfocuson43.A.forms44.A.personal45.A.leadsto46.A.cover47.A.mention48.A.keep49.A.subtle50.A.magical51.A.unrealisticallyA.ForinstanceA.applyingforA.sportsA.avoidedA.explainedtoA.signalingB.cluesB.dailyB.concentratesonB.balanceB.impressB.hideB.understandingB.simpleB.irregularlyB.ThereforeB.lettingdownB.crimesB.deniedB.createdbyB.consideringpersonalemotionsandmotivations.C.methodsD.liesC.imaginedD.practicalC.slowsdownD.squeezesoutD.structureC.attemptC.confuseC.stealC.negativeC.complexC.originallyC.MoreoverC.addinginC.reportsC.toleratedC.focusedonC.ensuringD.praiseD.distanceD.hostileD.honestD.imperfectlyD.HoweverD.burstinginD.liesD.releasedD.remediedbyD.overlookingSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)About18monthsago,myfatherwasinthehospitalrecoveringfromamajorlungoperation.Mymotherhadrecentlypassedaway,andmyfatherhadtakenthelossofhispartnerof55yearsveryhardandhadlostinterestinlife.Tryingtogethimtoeateachdaywasquiteachoreashedidn'twantanything.Theonething,however,thathewouldaskustobringhimwasice-cream.Oneeveningtooursurprise,herefusedtoeattheice-cream,soIplaceditinastaffroomfreezer.Alittlewhilelater,mysondecidedhewantedit,soIfetcheditforhim.AsIpassedanotherward,awomanasked,“Aretheremore?Wherethatcamefrom?”WhenIexplainedthesituation,sheapologized.Shethensaidthatshehadcancerandcouldeatverylittleotherthantheoccasionalice-cream.Thenextevening,Idecidedtobuytwoice-cream.OnthewaytoDad'sroom,Istoppedinatthesickwoman'sroom,andofferedhertheice-creamI'dboughtforher.ShewastotallystunnedthatIhadthoughtofher,andacceptedthegiftwithtearsinhereyes.Ispokewithherforafewminutes,explainingwhatwashappeninginmyfamilyandlistenedtohersimilarstoryofpainandsuffering.Itwasapparentthatshedidnothavemanyvisitors,andtheice-creamandourshortchatmeantagreatdealtoher.Irepeatedthegestureafewdayslater,andthistimewasrewardedwithahugehug.Inevereventhoughttoaskhername,andneversawheragain,butitmademerealizethatanactofkindnesscanbemorerewardingwhenyougiveit,ratherthanreceiveit.Thewriter'sfatherstayedinthehospitalbecause.A.hehadtroubleeatingB.hehadhadalungoperationC.hehadlostinterestinlifeD.hewasillforlosinghiswifeThewriterboughtice-creamsforthesickladywhenherealized.A.ice-creamwasamongthelittlefoodshecouldeattheyhadsimilarfamilyexperiencesshewaslonelywithoutfamilyaroundtogiveisasimportantastoreceiveTheunderlinedwordinparagraph6probablymeans.A.bodylanguageB.wordC.actionD.decisionWhatdidthewritertrytoconveytousthroughthestory?A.Givingisrewarding.Don'thesitatetohelpelderlypeople.It'sourresponsibilitytolookafterourparents.Neverputofanythingyoucandotilltomorrow.（B）WhenAmericansthinkofthelunchmenuattheirchildhoodschoolcafeterias,theyprobablyimagineashapeless,tastelesspileofmysterymeat-plussomebrownmuch（糊状物）,tomatch.ButforchildreninJapan,schoollunchesarearichexperiencewhereculture,nutritionandsustainabilitycollide.“Japan'sstandpointisthatschoollunchesareapartofeducation,notabreakfromit,”MasahiroOji,agovernmentdirectorofschoolhealtheducationinJapan,toldTheWashingtonPost.FareofferedatschoolsinJapanisaffordable,fresh,andmadebythestudentsthemselves.AndJapanesechildrendon'tjusteatthefoodtheyprepare;theylearnaboutthenutritionalandculturalelementsoftheirmeals,too.Thefoodisgrownlocallyandincludesabalancedmenuofrice,vegetable,fishandsoups.Asabonus,eachmealcostsjust$2.50.“Parentsheartheirkidstalkingaboutwhattheyhadforlunch,”TatsujiShino,theprincipalatUmejimaElementarySchoolinTokyo,toldTheWashingtonPost,“andkidsaskthemtore-createthemealsathome.”Japanesestudentsalsolearncooperationandetiquette（礼仪）astheyserveandcleanupaftereachother.Mealtimeisasceneofcommunalduty:Inbothelementaryandmiddleschools,studentsinwhitecoatsandcapsservetheirclassmates.Childreneatintheirclassrooms.Theygetidenticalmeals,andiftheyleavefooduntouched,theyareoutofluck:Theirschoolshavenovendingmachines.Childreninmostdistrictsarebarredfrombringingfoodtoschool,either,untiltheyreachhighschool.ConsideringthefactthatJapanhasoneoftheworld'slowestchildhoodobesityrates,theU.S.probablyhasalottolearnfromthiscountry'sschoollunches.A2011studyfoundthatAmericanstudentswhoregularlyatetheschoollunch一whereoptionsincludepizza,chickentenders（炸鸡柳）andFrenchfries一were29percentmorelikelytobeobesethanthosewhobroughtlunchfromhome.Accordingtothearticle,whichwordbestdescribeswhatAmericansthinkoftheirlunchatschool?A.Tasty.B.Ordinary.C.Disgusting.D.Unique.Theunderlinedword“fare”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans.A.foodB.breakfastC.drinksD.priceWhatisthemainpurposeofstudents'preparinglunchbythemselvesinJapaneseschools?Toallowstudentstolearncooperation.Toteachstudentssomebasiclifeskills.Toletstudentslearnaboutnutritionalvaluesoffoods.Toinspirestudentstosharetheirfoodwithothers.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?Japanhasthelowestrateofobesityintheworld.Japaneseschoolslaygreatemphasisoncooperationandetiquette.Americanschoolchildrendon'tbringhomemadelunches.StudentsinJapanarehealthierineverywaythanthoseinAmerica.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Indevelopedcountries,thepictureisdifferent,andfoodiswastedinsupermarkets,restaurantsandathome.Besides,Chineseconsumerstendtobegenerous.However,Chineseconsumersliketoeatinrestaurants.Chineseconsumersareasparticularabouttheirfoodasthoseinothercountries.Everyyear,weneedtoconsumealotoffood.Weallwastefood,youandme,everydaymillionsoftonsofit.Allofusshouldkeepakitchendiary,showinghowmuchfoodareleftuneatenasgarbage.InChina,enoughfoodiswastedinrestaurantseveryyeartofeed200millionpeople.IntheUnitedStates,40percentoffoodiswastedfromfarmtofork.Eachyear,theamountoffoodthrownawayinrichcountriesisalmostthesameasthatproducedinsub-SaharanAfrica.Thisraisessomeimportantquestions.Indevelopingcountries,foodislostbecausefarmersdonothaveappropriatecooling,storageormarketaccessfortheircrops.Theirgrains,fruitsandvegetablesdryupandrotaway.67.Chinafacesbothproblems,significantlossesinfarms,aswellasatthesaleandconsumptionstages.AndtheamountoffoodwastedbyChineseconsumersitrapidlyincreasing.ConsumerculturehasfilledChinaandurbanresidentscangetqualityfoodfromanywhereinthe

countryandfromacrosstheplanet.68.Insupermarkets,theyrefusetobuyvegetablesthatdon'tlookfreshorhavean