2013各校mti真题-山东科技

山东科技大学2013年招收入学考英语翻译基础试Directions:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviations，terminologyorsentencesintotheirlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether20itemswithonepointforeach,and5sentenceswith2pointsforeachinthispartofthetest.(30points)局 altragedyhauntedhisentirelife,inthedeathsoflovedConsumerslookforthebestvaluesforwhattheyspendwhileproducersseekthebestpriceandprofitforwhattheyhavetosell.Beingignorantoflawsandafraidofbeingexposedtothepublic,theyresortedtosettingthematteroutofcourt.Directions:Translatethefollowingthreesourcetextsintotheirlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itslanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itslanguageisEnglish.(120points)SourceText1(30们将以竹叶包扎好的糯米粽子投入自尽的那条江，以祭祀亡灵。今天，人们在端午时节举行龙舟比赛，而粽子则由活生生的人来。农历八月十五日的中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着，进而象征着家庭团聚。中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼，内含核桃仁、蜜饯、豆沙或蛋黄等食物。春节的农历新年，春节的日期按农历的海鲜、家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方烹制一些传统菜肴，例如的饺子、的八宝饭和广州的米羹。各地都可以见到形态各异、口味不一的年糕。年糕SourceText2(30AnInnerAphysicianstartsplayingaharshmentaltinherheadeverytimeanetientcalls:WhatifImakethewrongdiagnosis?I’materribledoctor.HowdidIgetintomedicalschool?Anexecutiveloseshisjobdespite25productiveyears,helshimself:I’maloser.Ican’tprovideformyfamily,andI’llneverbeabletotagain.Ifthesereal-lifeexamplessoundfamiliar,youmayhaveacausticcommentaryrunninginyourhead,too.PsychologistssaymanyoftheirpatientsaredbyaharshInnerCritic—includingsomeextremelysuccessfulpeoplewhothinkit’sthesecrettotheirsuccess.AnInnerCriticcanindeedroustyououtofbedinthemorning,getyouonthetreadmillandspuryoutofinishthatbookorsymphonyorinvention.Butthedesiretoachievecangethijackedbyharshjudgmentandunrelentingfear.Unrelentingself-criticismoftengoeshandinhandwithanxiety,anditmayevenpredictdepression.Self-criticismisalsoafactorineatingdisorders,andbodydisorder—thatis,preoccupationwithone’sperceivedphysicalflaws.Manypeople’sInnerCriticmakesanappearanceearlyinlifeandissuchaconstantcompanionthatit’spartoftheir ality.Psychologistssaythatchildren,particularlythosewithageneticpredispositiontodepression,mayinternalizeandexaggeratetheexpectationsofparentsorpeersorsociety.Onetheoryisthatself-criticismisangerturnedinward,whensufferersarefilledwithhostilitybuttooafraidandinsecuretoletitout.Othertheoriesholdthatpeoplewhoscoldthemselvesareactingoutguiltorshameorsubconsciouslyshieldingthemselvesagainstcriticismfromothers:Youcan’tlmeanythingIdon’talreadylmyself,eveninharsherTechniquesfromcognitivebehavioraltherapycanbehelpfulinchangingpatternsofthoughtthathave epainful.Therearemanypatients,suchasdoctors,lawyers—whobelievedthatiftheydidn’tflogthemselves,theywouldn’tbesuccessful.Andpartofpsychologists’workistobreakthroughthatbeliefbylingthepatientsthattheyusuallysucceedinspiteoftheirInnerCritics,notbecauseofthem.SourceText3(60TheLinguisticThereareasmanyasthreethousandlanguageswhicharespokentoday.Theselanguagesareverydifferentfromeachother.Indeed,itisprimarilythefactthattheyaresodifferentastobemutuallyuninligiblethatallowsustocallthemseparaanguages.Aspeakerofoneofthem,nomatterhowskillfulandfluent,cannotcommunicatewithaspeakerofanotherunlessoneofthem,aswesay,“learnstheother’slanguage.”Yetthesedifferences,greatastheyare,aredifferencesofdetail－ofthekindsofsoundsusedandthewaysofputtingthemtogether.Intheirbroadoutlines,intheirbasicprinciples,andeveninthewaytheyapproachcertainspecificproblemsofcommunication,languageshaveagreatdealincommon.Weareallintimayfamiliarwithatleastonelanguage,yetfewofuseverstoptoconsiderwhatweknowaboutit.Thewordsofalanguagecanbelistedinadictionary,butnotallthesentences,andalanguageconsistsofthesesentencesaswellaswords.Speakersuseafinitesetofrulestoproduceandunderstandaninfinitesetofsentences.Theserulescomprisethegrammarofalanguage,whichislearnedwhenyouacquirethelanguage.Thegrammarofalanguageincludesthesoundsystem,howwordsmaybecombinedintophrasesandsentences,andthewayinwhichsoundsandmeaningsarerelated.Thesoundsandmeaningofwordsarerelatedinanarbitraryfashion.Thatis,ifyouhadneverheardtheword“grammar”,youwouldnot,byitssounds,knowwhatitmeant.Language,then,isasystemthatrelatessoundswithmeanings,andwhenyouknowalanguage,youknowthissystem.Thislinguisticknowledge,orlinguisticcompetence,isdifferentfromlinguisticbehavior,knownaslinguisticperformance.Ifyouwokeuponemorninganddecidedtostoptalking,youwouldstillhavetheknowledgeofyourlanguage.Ifyoudonotknowthelanguage,youcannotspeakit;butifyouknowthelanguage,youmaychoosenottospeak.Languageisatoolofcommunication.Butiflanguageisdefinedmerelyasasystemofcommunication,thenlanguageisnotuniquetohumans.Weknowbirds,bees,crabs,spiders,whales,andmostothercreaturescommunicateinsomeway.However,therearecertaincharacteristicsofhumanlanguagenotfoundinthecommunicationsystemsofanyotherspecies.Abasicpropertyofhumanlanguageisitscreati