新编大学英语第一册Unit 4 课件(浙大版)

新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)1FreshStartFreshStart2新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)3FreshStartFreshStart4“Andyetnotadream,butamightyreality—aglimpseofthehigherlife,thebroaderpossibilitiesofhumanity,whichisgrantedtothemanwho,amidtherushandroarofliving,pausesfourshortyearstolearnwhatlivingmeans.”W.E.B.DuBois

FreshStart“Andyetnotadream,butami5FreshStart

ASpeech—TheDoorsthatareOpentoUs

AStory

CollegeLife

AFlash—“IntheClassroom”VideoClipProverbsandSayingsFreshStart6IntroductionIflifewereapieceofcolorfuldrawing,collegelifewouldbeoneofthebrightestcolors.Iflifewereameaningfulpoem,collegelifewouldbeoneofthemostbeautifulwords.Collegelifeisanespeciallyimportantperiodoftime.DirectionsListentothefollowingextractofaspeechandhaveadiscussion.ASpeech—TheDoorsthatareOpentoUsFreshStartIntroductionDirectionsASpeech7“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs”—HongYe“机会之门就在前方”“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs8DiscussionQuestionsHowmanydoorsarethereinthecollegelife?Whatarethey?What’sthefirstdoorforyouinyourcollegelife?DiscussionQuestionsHowmany9TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUsGoodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,thetitleofmyspeechtodayis“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs.”Theotherdaymyauntpaidmeavisit.Shewasoverjoyed.“Igotthehighestmarkonthemid-termexamination!”shesaid.Don’tbesurprised!Myauntisindeedastudent,tobeexact,acollegestudentattheageof45.…ThefirstdoorIseeistheopportunitytostudydifferentkindsofsubjectsthatinterestus.Myauntsaidshewashappytostudymanagement,butshewasalsohappythatshecouldattendlecturesonancientChinesepoetryandonShakespearedrama.Asformyself,IamanEnglishmajor,butImayalsogotolecturesonhistory.Tome,ifcollegeeducationinthepastemphasizedspecialization,now,itemphasizesfreeandwell-roundeddevelopmentofeachindividual.Soallthefineachievementsofhumancivilizationareopentous.ListeningScriptTheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs10Listentoastoryandtrytoanswerquestions.AStoryFreshStartListentoastoryandtrytoa11Questions:1.WhatscoresdidthespeakerhaveonherDecembercard?2.Whatwasthelessonlearnedafterhertrickhadbeenexposed?3.Whodoyouthinkcalledthespeaker’smother?

ThreeCs,twoDs,andanF.Shehaslearnedtomakethegrade,nottochangeitonthecard.Herteacher.Questions:1.Whatscoresdid12ListeningScriptMyparentswerealwaystellingmetoraisemygrades,buttheywouldnevertellmehow.Aftergettingonebadreportcardafteranother,IknewIhadtodosomethingdrastic.WhenmyDecembercardarrivedwiththreeCs,twoDs,andanF,Iwasafraidtoshowittomymother.That'swhenIcameupwiththebrilliantideaofchangingtheFtoanA.ItwasreallyquitesimplejusttogivetheFanotherleg.WhenIshowedthecardtomymother,shewasveryexcitedtoseetheonegoodgrade.Shegavemeahugandakissand,mostimportantofall,abiggerallowance.Everyonewashappyinmyhouseuntiltwonightslaterwhenthephonerang.Mymotheransweredit,listened,andthenlookedatmewithbloodinhereyes.Shetoldmethatthereweresomethingsmuchworsethanfailing,andthatcheatingwasoneofthem.Itriedtoargue.Isaidshewastheonewhohadtoldmetochangemygrades.Thatmadeherreallyangry,andshesaidthatIknewthat’snotwhatshehadmeant.Thenshegavemeawhippingandtookawaymyallowanceforamonth.SincethenIhavelearnedtomakethegrade,notchangeitonthecard.ListeningScriptMymother13Enjoytheflashandtrytomakeupastoryaccordingtoit.AFlash—“IntheClassroom”CollegeLifeEnjoytheflashandtrytomak14VideoClipWhichuniversityistheoneinyourdream?Why?Whatdoyouexpectyourcollegelifetobe?Isthatthesameasinthemovie?VideoClipWhichuniversityis15VideoClipClickthepictureVideoClipClickthepicture16ProverbsandSayingsLivetolearn,notlearntolive.

—FrancisBacon活着就要学习，学习不是为了活着。

Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouwillfindyourselfignorant.

—ReneDescartes学，然后知不足。Toreadwithoutreflectingislikeeatingwithoutdigesting.

—EdmundBurke学而不思，犹如食而不化。ProverbsandSayingsLivetole17FreshStartFreshStart18新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)19新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)20

Doyourememberyourfirstcampusvisit,registration(注册)orthefirstdayofclasses?Howdidyoufeel?Andwhydidyougetthatkindoffeeling?

IfeltexcitedwhenIcametothecampusforthefirsttime.Itwassobigandbeautifultallbuildings,lovelyflowersandtrees,andgrandlawns.Welcomingsloganscouldbeseenhereandthere.Andinspiringmusicfromtheloudspeakersaddedtomyexcitement.Spaciousasitis,thecampuswascrowdedwithfreshmenlikeme,theirbusyparents,teachersandstudentswhowerehelpingwithourregistration.SuddenlyIfeltthatIwasnolongermymom’sbaby;Iwasanadult!Iwasoverwhelmedwithprideandexcitement.Doyourememberyourfi21

Doyourememberyourfirstcampusvisit,registration(注册)orthefirstdayofclasses?Howdidyoufeel?Andwhydidyougetthatkindoffeeling?

IfeltatalosswhenIfirstcametotheuniversity.ThecampuswassobigthatIwasafraidIwouldgetlostifleftalone.Itseemedtobemessyandnoisyeverywhere,withthousandsofpeoplecomingandgoing.Ifeltalittledizzyandtiredafterawholeday’sjourneybytrain.AllIcoulddowastofollowmyparentshereandthere,notknowingwhattodoandwhattosay.Doyourememberyourfi22

Doyourememberyourfirstcampusvisit,registration(注册)orthefirstdayofclasses?Howdidyoufeel?Andwhydidyougetthatkindoffeeling?

IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheuniversity.Afterregistration,myparentsleftandIfoundmyselfstandingaloneinaplaceIhadneverbeenbefore.Itseemedthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.IwasfeelingsoillateasethatIevenfounditdifficulttogathermyself.WhenIcamebacktomydorm,myroommateswerebusymakingtheirbeds.Ijustsatthereandbegantothinkofmyparents.ThesenseoflonelinesswassostrongthatIthoughtIwasgoingtocry.Doyourememberyourfi23新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)24HowIfeltthefirstdayoncampus.(Para.1)

1)IwaswonderingwhatIwasdoing.

2)Iwasstandingpitifully.

3)Itseemedthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.

4)IhopednoonewouldnoticeIwasafreshman.HowIfeltthefirstdayonca25MistakesImadeonmyfirstclassdayandmyreaction(Para.2~7)

1)ThefirstmistakeImade:Iwenttothewrongclass.(Para.2~4)

2)ThesecondmistakeImade:Isteppedinapuddleofketchup,droppedthefoodtrayandfelltotheground.(Para.5~6)

3)Myreaction:Ifeltashamed.(Para.7)MistakesImadeonmyfirstcl26Themistakemadebyanothercollegestudent:healsodroppedthefoodtrayandfelltotheground.(Para.8)Hisreactiontoit:Heseemedtofeelthatnothingserioushadhappened.Themistakemadebyanotherco27Myreflectionsonmakingmistakes(Para.9~12)

1)Itdidn’tmatterifonemademistakesincollege.(Para.9~11)

2)Makingmistakesisforgivableevenaftergraduation.(Para.12)Myreflectionsonmakingmista28新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)29IdecidedIwantednothingmorethantofindmywaysafelytomydormroom.(Line2)wantnothingmorethantodo…

只想做······IdecidedIwantednothingmor30Shetoldmeattheotherendofthetelephonelinethatshewantednothingmorethantolistentomyvoiceagain.她在电话的那一端告诉我她只想再听听我的声音。目前，我只想把英语学好，通过四级考试。Now,IwantnothingmorethantostudyEnglishwellandpasstheCET-4.Shetoldmeattheotherendo31我决定我最想做的就是要好好地回到寝室。IdecidedIwantednothingmorethanto

findmywaysafelytomydormroom.(Line2)我决定我最想做的就是要好好地回到寝室。IdecidedI322.Ipiledmytraywithsandwichesandwasheadingfortheseat

whenIaccidentallysteppedinalargepuddleofketchup.(Line16)when在此句中表示“这时（突然）······”。表此意时，when

往往放在句中。2.Ipiledmytraywithsan33所引导的从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。这时也可以用as或while。Sheenteredtheroomwhen(while,as)

themeetingwasgoingon.正当开会的时候她走进了房间。when的三种用法：所引导的从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。这时也可以用as或w34所引导的从句的动作先于主句动作。这时不能用as,while替换。当我起床的时候，发现桌子上有张纸条。 WhenIgotup,Ifoundanoteonthetable.所引导的从句的动作先于主句动作。这时不能用as,while35表示“这时（突然）······”Iwaswalkingalongtheroadwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.我正在路上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。表示“这时（突然）······”Iwaswalki362.Ipiledmytraywithsandwichesandwasheadingfortheseat

whenIaccidentallysteppedinalargepuddleofketchup.(Line16)我往托盘里装了些三明治就朝座位走去。就在这时，我无意中踩了一大滩番茄酱。2.Ipiledmytraywithsand373.

IlookeduptofindthatanotherpoorsoulhadmetthesamefateasIhad.（Line33）

tofindthat…此处表示结果状语，可理解为“结果却发现······”。不定式的主要功能之一就是作结果状语，这时不定式表示的动作往往在谓语动作之后发生。另外，不定式前也常加only引出结果。3.

Ilookeduptofindthat38Afewdayslaterhecamebackonly

tofindthatthetroopshadleft.他几天后回来时，发现部队已经离开了。Hestudiedhardonlytofail.

他学习很努力，但却没及格。Afewdayslaterhecameback39下列形容词是对人进行表扬或批评的，后面常接不定式表示结果。right,polite,crazy,generous,good,greedy,kind,selfish,silly,nice,unselfish,splendid,unkind,etc.【例】Sheisverypolitetoshowustheway.她很有礼貌地给我们指路。下列形容词是对人进行表扬或批评的，后面常接不定式表示结果。r40他很慷慨，借给我们一大笔钱。Heisgenerous___________________________.她醒来了，发现自己被锁在一个房间里。Sheawoke___________________________.tolendusalargesumofmoneytofindherselflockedinaroom他很慷慨，借给我们一大笔钱。Heisgenerous_41我抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。3.

IlookeduptofindthatanotherpoorsoulhadmetthesamefateasIhad.（Line33）我抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。3.

I424.

College,Idecided,wasprobablytheonlytimeIwouldbecompletelyforgivenforanymistakes.

（Line47）

Itistheonlytime+从句

(唯一)做······的时间/阶段4.College,Idecided,wasp43童年是我们一生中唯一没有烦恼的一段时期。Childhoodis_____________________________________.Presidencywastheonlytimehewouldratherneverforget.那段总统任期是他永远也不想忘记的唯一的一段时期。theonlytimewehavenoworriesinourlives童年是我们一生中唯一没有烦恼的一段时期。Childhood44在我看来，大学阶段可能会是自己犯任何错误都可以得到完全谅解的唯一一个阶段。4.

College,Idecided,wasprobablytheonlytimeIwouldbecompletelyforgivenforanymistakes.

（Line47）

在我看来，大学阶段可能会是自己犯任何错误都可以得到完全谅解的45新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)461.

hesitation

(Line7,Para.2)n.waitingandnotdeciding犹豫Aqualifiedsoldiershould______________________________________.一名合格的士兵应该在战场上勇往直前。He________________inwhetherornotsentencingthecaptivestodeath.在是否要处死这些战俘的问题上，他有些犹豫不决。marchforwardonbattlefieldwithouthesitationfeltsomehesitation1.hesitation(Line7,Para.247

2.await

(Line7,Para.2)和wait的词义辨析

Don’twaitifIamlate.两词均含有“等待”之意。ManyenthusiasticfanswerewaitingforfamoussingerJayChowtoarriveattheairport.wait(vi.)着重指静候于某处，直到期待之人、物或事物的来临或出现。很少用作及物动词。许多热心的歌迷正在机场等待着著名歌手周杰伦的到来。万一我来晚了，不要等我。2.await(Line7,Para.2)和48await(vt.)有时可与wait互换，但await的语气更为正式，常用于书面语中，往往着重指不断等待认为必然会出现的人或事，有时含耐心之意。Successnevercomestothosewhoawaititidly.

成功决不会降临到那些坐等的人身上。Allpeoplewereawaitingtheirkingtoreturn.

所有的民众都在等待着他们的国王的归来。await(vt.)有时可与wait互换，但await的49请用“wait”或“await”

两词的适当形式填空。

Hiswifeneverkeepshim________.

I’ll_______youinthecar.

Anespeciallygooddinner_________usattheinn.waitingwaitforawaited

请用“wait”或“await”两词的适当形式填空。503.breakout

(Line10,Para.3)suddenlybecomecovered(especiallywithspotsontheskin)被突然布满······Shebrokeoutincoldsweatafterhearingthehorriblenews.听到那个可怕的消息后她出了一身冷汗。Spots(皮疹)

brokeoutonhisbackduetohisallergy(过敏).因为过敏，他的背上长满了皮疹。3.breakout(Line10,Para.351

Shegropedforhercellphoneinherbag.Batman______________________,tryingtofindthebuttonoftheexit.4.grope

(Line10,Para.3)

vi.feelwiththehand摸索她在包里摸她的手机。

蝙蝠侠在黑暗中摸索出口的按钮。gropedaroundinthedark

Shegropedforhercellphone525.schedule

(Line11,Para.3)n.alistofplannedactivitiesorthingstobedoneatorduringaparticulartime日程表Thenextthingonthefamoussinger’sscheduleistoattendanewsconferenceinanearbyhotel.

这位著名歌星日程安排中要做的下一件事是去附近的一家酒店出席一个新闻发布会。Thenewtrainscheduleisavailableeverywhereintherailwaystation.新的列车时刻表在火车站处处都有。5.schedule(Line11,Para.3)53本次火车定于下午8点45到达,但现在却晚点20分钟。Thetrain

arriveat8:45pm,butit’srunningtwentyminuteslate.

v.

[美]排定，安排5.schedule

(Line11,Para.3)isscheduledto本次火车定于下午8点45到达,但现在却晚点20分钟。The54

6.

settle

(Line14,Para.4)v.1)sitdown坐下Generalsettledintohischairagainandstartedtoreconsidertheupcomingnegotiation.将军坐回到自己的椅子上开始重新考虑即将到来的谈判。6.

settle(Line14,Para.55Wequicklysettled(ourselves)inournewhouse.

6.

settle

(Line14,Para.4)v.2)

安置；安顿Wearequicklysettledinournewhouse.我们很快在新居安顿了下来。Wequicklysettled(ourselves)56

7.major

(Line15,Para.4)n.specialty

[美]大学中的主修科目,（某门课的）主修学生

Heplannedtotakechemistryashismajor.著名的流行歌曲作者高晓松曾是清华大学的电子工程专业的学生。他打算将化学作为自己的主修学科。FamouspopcomposerGaoXiaosongisonceanelectronicengineeringmajorofTsinghuaUniversity.

7.major(Line15,Para.57Sometimesthemanagersofthestate-ownedenterprisesshouldgivethoselaid-offworkers_________________.有时国有企业的管理者应该重点关心下岗工人。________________________applaudedfortheyoungsinger.大部分的观众都为这位年轻的歌手拍手喝彩。adj.greaterinimportanceorextent重要的，重大的，主要的，较大范围的

7.major

(Line15,Para.4)majorconsiderationThemajorpartoftheaudienceSometimesthemanagersofthe58vi.

[美]主修，专攻

(in)ThatgirlmajorsinsoftwaredevelopmentatMIT.那个女孩在麻省理工学院主攻软件开发。7.major

(Line15,Para.4)vi.[美]主修，专攻(in)Thatgirlma59WhilelisteningtothePresident’sspeech,he______________________toshowhisscorn.在听总统演讲的时候，他把头歪向一边表示不屑。

8.

tip

(Line18,Para.5)vt.,vi.&n.slope

（使）倾斜，（使）翻倒tippedhisheadtoonesideWhilelisteningtothePreside60TheywitnessedtheRollsRoyce_________________.他们目睹了那辆劳斯莱斯翻到了沟里。Wefoundthatthepillar_______________________.我们发现那根柱子稍稍向南倾斜。tippedintotheditchhadaslighttiptothesouthTheywitnessedtheRollsRoyce619.rear

(Line18,Para.5)

n.theback后部，背Pleasemovetotherearofthebus!

请往车厢的后面走走！Thedininghallisintherearofourteachingbuilding.餐厅在我们的教学楼的后部。9.rear(Line18,Para.5)62v.bringup抚育，培养Mrs.GaoYaojieadoptedandrearedcountlessAIDSorphans.高耀洁女士收养抚育了无数的艾滋孤儿。9.rear

(Line18,Para.5)

v.bringup抚育，培养Mrs.GaoYa63vt.decide决定，确定

FamousswordsmannovelistJinYong___________________________tocontinuehiswritingcareer.著名武侠小说作家金庸先生决定重出江湖，继续自己的写作生涯。10.determine

(Line23,Para.6)determinestomakeacomebackvt.decide决定，确定Famou6410.determine

(Line23,Para.6)bedeterminedtodosth.决定做某事FamedmoviedirectorZhangYimou____________________________________________________________.著名电影导演张艺谋决定在他的新片当中给年轻演员更多的机会。isdeterminedtogivetheyoungactorsmoreopportunitiesinhisnewfilm10.determine(Line23,Para.65

Therewasaloudcrashinyourroom.I’msurethatitwasyourcatthatwasmakingtrouble.你的房间里传来一声很响的东西摔碎的声音。我敢肯定是你的猫又在捣乱了。11.crash

(Line33,Para.8)n.1)loudnoisewhensomethingfallsover

撞击声，跌落声Therewasaloudcrashi66ItisquiteapitythatfamouspoetXuZhimowasunfortunatelykilledinaplanecrash.著名诗人徐志摩在一次飞机坠毁事故中丧生，这是一件让人非常遗憾的事。2)accidentwherecars,planes,etc.,aredamaged

(交通工具的)剧烈碰撞事故11.crash

(Line33,Para.8)Itisquiteapitythatfamous6712.fartoo

(Line39,Para.8)ThedreamteamoftheUnitedStatesisfartoopowerfultobedefeated.美国的梦之队太强大了，可以说不可战胜。verymuch,muchtoo太······，极······Ourmangerisfartoobusyrecently.近来我们的经理非常忙碌。12.fartoo(Line39,Para.8)68Chineseunder-23nationalfootballteam’sperformanceinthe28thOlympicqualifier_________________________________________________.中国23岁以下国家足球队在第28届奥运会资格赛上的表现根本无法达到中国球迷的期望。13.liveuptoone’sexpectations

(Line43,Para.10)beasgoodasexpected达到······的期望couldnotliveuptoChinesefootballfans’expectationsatallChineseunder-23nationalfoot69Wedidn’tenjoyourholiday;itdidn’tliveupto

ourexpectations.这个假期我们过得并不好，因为它没有达到我们的期望。13.liveuptoone’sexpectations

(Line43,Para.10)beasgoodasexpected达到······的期望Wedidn’tenjoyourholiday;i7014.viewsomething/somebodyas

(Line44,Para.10)regardsomething/somebodyinaparticularway把······看作是ManymusiccriticsviewCuiJianasthepioneeroftherock-and-rollinthemainlandofChina.

很多乐评人把崔健看作是中国大陆摇滚乐的先驱。14.viewsomething/somebodyas7115.forgive

(Line47,Para.11)vt.stopfeelingangryatsomebody;excusesomeoneforafaultoroffense

原谅，饶恕，宽恕Iwillneverforgiveyouforwhatyousaidaboutmetheotherday.

我绝不会原谅你那天所说的那些关于我的话。Heforgavehisbrotherforbeingrude.他原谅了弟弟的莽撞。15.forgive(Line47,Para.1172新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)73

onacollegecampustokeepmyearsopenandmymouthshutAftermuchhesitationIhemiddleofthelecture在大学校园里只听不说犹豫良久后我选了第一排靠边的座位。上课期间onacollegecampustok74

站起来有同样的命运

我很同情他。

达到某人的期望

cometoone’sfeettomeetthesamefateMyheart/sympathywentouttohim.toliveuptoone’sexpectations站起来有同样的命运我很同情他。达到某人的期望75FreshStartFreshStart76新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)77新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)78“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs”“机会之门就在前方”洪晔“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs79Thethirddooristhedoortolife-longlearning.Asnewideasappearallthetime,wealwaysneedtoacquirenewknowledge,regardlessofourage.Naturally,myauntherselfisthebestexample.第三扇门就是活到老，学到老的机会。新观念层出不穷，所以不管年纪多大，我们时时都要汲取新知识。自然地，我的舅妈就是一个最好的例子。Words:acquire

得到regardlessof

不管Thethirddooristhedoorto80新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)81Acoldsweatbrokeoutonthebackofmyneck.(Line10)此句翻译可按原文的结构顺序直译即:冷汗从脖子上冒出来。但英汉进行结构对等翻译的例子少之甚少,所以可以考虑将原文中某些成分的功能和位置加以变动,从而达到译文与原文在功能上的对等和语感上的自然。我的脖子冒出了冷汗。Acoldsweatbrokeoutonthe82Itisataskwellwithinyourpower.这一任务，你完全可以胜任。Electricityisalwaysidenticalinnature.电的性质总是一样的。HeisthelastpersonIwillaskforhelp.我是不会求他的。qItisataskwellwithinyour83Hegotup,handsheldhighabovehisheadinavictoryclasp,

grinningfromeartoear.

(Line36)本句可采取拆分法将原文中的补充成分即名词短语和分词短语分别处理为译文中的几个连动短句，使译文通顺自然。他站起身，咧嘴大笑，双手紧握高举在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势。Hegotup,handsheldhighabo84Sunraysfilteredinwherevertheycould,drivingoutdarknessandchokingtheshadows.

阳光射入了它所能透过的所有地方，赶走了黑暗，驱散了幽影。Energycanneitherbecreatednordestroyed,auniversallyacceptedlaw.

能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，这是一条公认的规律。Theyseemed

justifiably

proudoftheireconomicachievements.

他们似乎为在经济上取得的成就而自豪，这合乎情理。Sunraysfilteredinwherevert85OnceIrealizedthatIhadnoone’sexpectationstoliveuptobutmyown,Irelaxed.(Line43)本句处理的关键在于补充或增加原文在句法上省略的部分，从而使译文更加清晰、通顺地表达原文的思想内容。一旦意识到我不必考虑别人的期望，而只要自己满意就行，我感到释然。OnceIrealizedthatIhadno86

Marywashed

forlivingafterherhusbanddiedofacutepneumonia.Shewasmoreroyal

thantheroyals.她比皇室成员更有皇家气质。I’dliketoknowsomethingaboutyourscientificexperiment.我想了解一下你们科学实验方面的情况。

玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后,就靠洗衣服维持生活。

Marywashedforliving87FreshStartFreshStart88新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)89学生在拟定提纲时常见问题。1.理解题意后，提笔就写，觉得列提纲可有可无。2.看到题目已有中/英文提纲或提示，就不再另写提纲。3.部分学生认为写提纲会浪费时间。学生在拟定提纲时常见问题。1.理解题意后，提笔就写，觉得901.拟提纲的过程即是快速打腹稿的过程。准备提纲要占总思考工作量的百分之六十，因为一旦决定了素材的取舍、对文章的整体结构胸有成竹，真正动笔省劲省时。许多临场作文初稿即定稿，一稿定分数。写到中间停笔琢磨会耗费时间。完稿后再核查文章是否切题、论点是否明确、论据是否充分有力、论证是否严密等为时已晚。届时发现有误也难于进行大的调整。2.最好把打开思路时出现在头脑里的、与段落主题密切相关的想法逐一草记下来。为最大限度地节省时间，草写提纲由关键词（多为名词或名词性词组）、短语或自己能辨别的缩写、符号组成。2.最好把打开思路时出现在头脑里的、与段落主题密切相关的91拟定提纲时，同学们对以下方面需均衡考虑：各段具体写什么，从哪儿开始，如何点题，如何开头，用什么事实或例证，有哪些闪光的语汇可以利用，文章怎样发展，怎样转折，怎样有个有力的结尾等。通过围绕题意列提纲，能巩固开拓思路的成果，挖掘材料的内涵。4.列入提纲的各段要点经快速归纳，整理成简练的条目形式并用符号标明层次，如P1（Para.1第一段）、P2、P3；a).b).c)…；(1).(2).(3)…等。拟定提纲时，同学们对以下方面需均衡考虑：各段具体写什么，从哪92

请审看下题。拟定提纲后，你如何按照要求写出作文来？

Direction:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:APortraitofaFreshman.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.衣着举止2.听课方式3.遵守纪律请审看下题。拟定提纲后，你如何按照要求写出作文来？93APortraitofaFreshman

Topaintatypicalpictureofafreshman,wemaylookataremarkableaspect—thewaytheyappear.Oncampus,ifweseeastudentwithconservativehairstyle,simpleclothes,andafrequent“MayIcomein?”,walkingnoisilywhiletalkingshyly,wewouldassumethatheorshemightbeafreshman.APortraitofaFreshman94

Nowweturntoanotheraspect—thewaytheystudy.Afreshmanisusedtolisteningtotheteacherattentively,takingnotescarefullyandtryinghardtorememberthematerialheorshehaslearnt.

Afreshmanoftenassumesthatheorsheshouldobservedisciplineandcarryouteveryorderfromabove,andisafraidofgivingteachersabadimpression.“Isitproper?”or“CanI?”arethewordsteachersoftenhearfromafreshman.Nowweturntoanother95

Forafreshman,ifonethinggoeswrong,thedayisruined.Afreshmanisbusysaying“hello”.Tosumup,afreshmanisinnocentandobedient,andheorshefeelsfreshandfanciful.Forafreshman,ifone96I.[IELTS作文题目]

Youshouldspendnomorethan40minutesonthistask.Aspartofaclassassignmentyouhavebeenaskedtowriteaboutthefollowingtopic.

Manystudentscomingfromotherplacesfindtheirfirstdayathighschoolorcollegedifficult,becausetheyfeelveryalone.Whatdoyouthinkaretheotherdifficultiestheyfaceontheirfirstday?Whatcanschoolsandcollegesdotomakethemfeelmorecomfortable?

Youarerequiredtosupportyourideaswithrelevantinformationandexamplesbasedonyourownknowledgeandexperience.

Youshouldwriteatleast250words.I.[IELTS作文题目]97II.[TOEFL作文题目]Directions:Youwillhavethirtyminutestoplanandwriteanessayonthetopicgivenbelow.Usethefirstfewminutestoreadthetopiccarefullyandthinkaboutwhatkindofessayyouwillwrite.Youmayusethespaceimmediatelybelowtheessaytopictomakenotes.Writeyouressayonthelinedpagesthatfollow.Youwillhaveenoughspaceifyouwriteoneverylineandkeepyourhandwritingtoareasonablesize.

Whenstudentsmovetoanewschool,theysometimesfaceproblems.Howcanschoolshelpthesestudentswiththeirproblems?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestoexplainyouranswer.II.[TOEFL作文题目]98ThankYouforYourAttentionThankYouforYourAttention99新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)100FreshStartFreshStart101新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版)102FreshStartFreshStart103“Andyetnotadream,butamightyreality—aglimpseofthehigherlife,thebroaderpossibilitiesofhumanity,whichisgrantedtothemanwho,amidtherushandroarofliving,pausesfourshortyearstolearnwhatlivingmeans.”W.E.B.DuBois

FreshStart“Andyetnotadream,butami104FreshStart

ASpeech—TheDoorsthatareOpentoUs

AStory

CollegeLife

AFlash—“IntheClassroom”VideoClipProverbsandSayingsFreshStart105IntroductionIflifewereapieceofcolorfuldrawing,collegelifewouldbeoneofthebrightestcolors.Iflifewereameaningfulpoem,collegelifewouldbeoneofthemostbeautifulwords.Collegelifeisanespeciallyimportantperiodoftime.DirectionsListentothefollowingextractofaspeechandhaveadiscussion.ASpeech—TheDoorsthatareOpentoUsFreshStartIntroductionDirectionsASpeech106“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs”—HongYe“机会之门就在前方”“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs107DiscussionQuestionsHowmanydoorsarethereinthecollegelife?Whatarethey?What’sthefirstdoorforyouinyourcollegelife?DiscussionQuestionsHowmany108TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUsGoodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,thetitleofmyspeechtodayis“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs.”Theotherdaymyauntpaidmeavisit.Shewasoverjoyed.“Igotthehighestmarkonthemid-termexamination!”shesaid.Don’tbesurprised!Myauntisindeedastudent,tobeexact,acollegestudentattheageof45.…ThefirstdoorIseeistheopportunitytostudydifferentkindsofsubjectsthatinterestus.Myauntsaidshewashappytostudymanagement,butshewasalsohappythatshecouldattendlecturesonancientChinesepoetryandonShakespearedrama.Asformyself,IamanEnglishmajor,butImayalsogotolecturesonhistory.Tome,ifcollegeeducationinthepastemphasizedspecialization,now,itemphasizesfreeandwell-roundeddevelopmentofeachindividual.Soallthefineachievementsofhumancivilizationareopentous.ListeningScriptTheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs109Listentoastoryandtrytoanswerquestions.AStoryFreshStartListentoastoryandtrytoa110Questions:1.WhatscoresdidthespeakerhaveonherDecembercard?2.