第02课2012原卷练习和分析

专业第二课2012原卷练习和分析为了做题方便可以下载打印出后进行练习1.第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)4分阅读理解解题顺序1、抓中心，如果中心不是很明确，第一段多读一点。2、扫一下题干与ABCD。四.阅读题型四大原则：此项特别重要1.围着中心转——（先读有中心词的选项.一般就是答案）-----------------------(摘自神表)GrossNationalHappiness15分注：该文中心即文章题目---NationalHappiness全民幸福Inthelastcentury，newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However，onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia，thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhist（佛教）culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan，however，wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread，andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then，in1972，anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodern，butwithoutlosingitstraditions.KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNatonalProduct（GNP）。TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases，peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased，thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier，hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness（GNH）。GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare，education，andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy，protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.NowtheseissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Teenty-fivepercentofthelandhasbecomenationalparks，andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In2008，KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking，ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally，Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandinternet.Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople，cultures，andland.BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil，perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.31.WhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck?A.Apresident.B.Abuddistpreist.C.Aking.D.Ageneral.注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，我们在神表中讲到大写人名地名可做关键词,JigmeSingyeWangchuck应做为关键词，正确选择关键词，在关键词附近找与四个选项长的相的，C.Aking.答案迎刃而解。32. ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforBhutanA. Tomakeitspopulationgrow.B. Tokeepitseparatefromtheworld.C. Toencourageitspeopletogetrich.D. Tokeepitstraditionandcustoms.注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，我们在神表中讲到大写人名地名可做关键词,JigmeSingyeWangchuck,Bhutan应做为关键词，正确选择关键词，在关键词附近找与四个选项长的相的，D. Tokeepitstraditionandcustoms答案迎刃而解。五、如何抓住文章和句子的重心1.围着中心转-----中心(第一句)结论（最后一句）2.注意段落结构---段落中心(段落第一句)及段落结论（段落最后一句）3.注意连词----buthowever…………………….-----------------------(摘自神表)33.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPbyA.spendingmoremoney.B.spendinglessmoney.C.sellingmoreproducts.D.providingmorejobs.注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，我们在神表中讲到大写人名地名可做关键词,GNP应做为关键词，正确选择关键词，products答案迎刃而解。34. AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappieriftheyA. havenewtechnology.B. canchangetheirreligion.C. haveagood,stablegovernment.D. havemoremoney.注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，我们在神表中讲到除去常用提问方式,题干可做为关键词peoplearehappierifthey应做为关键词，C. haveagood,stablegovernment.4.注意：(1)绝对原则：答案中有all,every,onlyalways等绝对词一般为不正确，如被否定除外，原文中也有这些词除外)！绝对原则主要用于5.对错选择NOTtrue,true(2)相对原则：有may,might,cancould,likely，sometimes，probablysome……。但应以查细节的方法为主，相对原则相对原则为辅，而can在主句子才有效.35.Today,manycountriesareA.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.B.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirprogress.C.wokingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureGNH.D.takingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress.注解：阅读理解解题顺序1、抓中心，如果中心不是很明确，第一段多读一点。2、扫一下ABCD并读题干。四.阅读题型四大原则：此项特别重要1.围着中心转——（先读有中心词的选项.一般就是答案）----------------------(摘自神表)第二篇SomePeopleDoNotTasteSaltLikeOthers12分孙老师特别提示：很多考生不爱听基础、应试技巧，让一些网站忽悠的只关心押题，就爱听押题，这让我忧心重重！！！职称英语考试六大题型解题顺序1.第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)4分2.第4部分：阅读理解(第3l～45题，每题3分，共45分)一篇15分+二篇（押题）12分三篇（较难6分）33分孙老师特别提示：请同学们认真参加练习，然后用后面加有注解的卷子再听讲评。第三篇Caffeine咖啡因Caffeineisprobablythemostwidelyuseddrugintheworld.Humanshavebeenconsumingcaffeineforhundredsofyears,primarilyintheformofcoffee,tea,andcocoa.Habitualcoffeeandteadrinkershadlongbeenobservedtohavealowerincidenceofnon-melanoma(melə'nəumə)(黑色素瘤)skincancers,althoughnooneknewwhy.Arecentstudyfoundthatcaffeineaffectsskincellsdamagedbyultravioletradiation,amaincauseofskincancer.Caffeineinterfereswithaproteinthatcancerouscellsneedtosurvive,leavingthedamagedcellstodiebeforetheybecomecancerous.Drinkingcaffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithadecreasedincidenceofendometrial(予宫内膜的)cancer-thatis,cancerofthecellsliningtheuterus-Thestrongesteffectappearstobeinoverweightwomen,whoareatgreatestriskforthedisease.Researchersbelievebloodsugar,fatcells,andestrogen(雌性激素)mayplayarole.Althoughthemechanismremainsunknown,peoplewhodrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeorteaadayreportedlyhaveabouthalftheriskofdevelopingchronicliverdiseaseasthosewhodrinklessthanonecupofcoffeedaily;caffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithloweredriskofcirrhosis(肝硬化)andlivercancer.Whilemanyofcaffeine'sundesirableeffects,suchaselevatedheartrateandbloodpressure,arebrief,someshort-termbenefits,includingpainrelief,increasedalertness,andincreasedphysicalendurance,havealsobeenattributedtocaffeine.Asacomponentofnumerousover-the-counterdietpillsandpainrelievers,caffeineincreasestheireffectivenessandhelpsthebodyabsorbthemmorequickly.Byconstricting(收缩)bloodvesselsinthebrain,itcanalleviateheadaches-evenmigraines(偏头痛)–andcanhelpcounterthedrowsiness(眩晕)causedbyantihistamines(抗组胺药).Caffeinedoesnotaltertheneedforsleep,butitdoesofferatemporarysolutiontofatigueforpeoplewhoneedtostayalert.Researchhasshownthatsleep-deprivedindividualswhoconsumedcaffeinehadimprovedmemoryandreasoningabilities,atleastintheshortterm.Studiesofrunnersandcyclistshaveshownthatcaffeinecanimprovetheirstamina-henceitsadditiontoenergy-boostingsportsdrinks.Peoplewhoconsumealotofcaffeineregularlymaydeveloptemporarywithdrawalsymptoms,headachebeingthemostcommon,iftheyquitorcutbackonitabruptly.Fortunately,thesesymptomslastonlyadayortwoinmostcases.Individualswhoaremoresensitivetothestimulatorysideeffectsofcaffeinemaywanttoavoidit,butmostdoctorsagreethattheequivalentofthreecupsofcoffeeadaydoesnotharmhealthypeople.Thereisnomedicalbasistogiveupdailycaffeineandmanyreasonstoincludeamoderateamountinone'sdiet.41.DrinkingcoffeeorteamayhelpA.lowertheincidence发生率ofnon-melanoma黑素瘤skincancer.B.lowertheincidenceofbeingoverweight.C.increasetheincidenceofendometrialcancer.D.increasetheincidenceoflivercancer.42.CaffeineisusedtoA.reducehighbloodpressure.B.curelivercancer.C.relieveheadaches.D.treatskincancer.43.SomeathletesusecaffeinetoA.increasetheirendurance忍耐力.B.improvetheirspeed.C.maintaintheiralertness.D.relaxtheirmuscles.44.CaffeinewithdrawalsymptomsA.canbecomeanongoingproblem.B.maylastaslongasaweek.C.areusuallyshort-lived.D.areweightlossandmentaldisorder.45.DrinkingthreecupsofcoffeeadayA.maynotberecommendedbymostdoctors.B.willprobablynotcauseproblems.C.isharmfultohealthypeople.D.maybenefitsensitivepeople.第三篇Caffeine咖啡因Caffeineisprobablythemostwidelyuseddrugintheworld.Humanshavebeenconsumingcaffeineforhundredsofyears,primarilyintheformofcoffee,tea,andcocoa.Habitualcoffeeandteadrinkershadlongbeenobservedtohavealowerincidenceofnon-melanoma(melə'nəumə)(黑色素瘤)skincancers,althoughnooneknewwhy.Arecentstudyfoundthatcaffeineaffectsskincellsdamagedbyultravioletradiation,amaincauseofskincancer.Caffeineinterfereswithaproteinthatcancerouscellsneedtosurvive,leavingthedamagedcellstodiebeforetheybecomecancerous.Drinkingcaffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithadecreasedincidenceofendometrial(予宫内膜的)cancer-thatis,cancerofthecellsliningtheuterus-Thestrongesteffectappearstobeinoverweightwomen,whoareatgreatestriskforthedisease.Researchersbelievebloodsugar,fatcells,andestrogen(雌性激素)mayplayarole.Althoughthemechanismremainsunknown,peoplewhodrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeorteaadayreportedlyhaveabouthalftheriskofdevelopingchronicliverdiseaseasthosewhodrinklessthanonecupofcoffeedaily;caffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithloweredriskofcirrhosis(肝硬化)andlivercancer.Whilemanyofcaffeine'sundesirableeffects,suchaselevatedheartrateandbloodpressure,arebrief,someshort-termbenefits,includingpainrelief,increasedalertness,andincreasedphysicalendurance,havealsobeenattributedtocaffeine.Asacomponentofnumerousover-the-counterdietpillsandpainrelievers,caffeineincreasestheireffectivenessandhelpsthebodyabsorbthemmorequickly.Byconstricting(收缩)bloodvesselsinthebrain,itcanalleviateheadaches-evenmigraines(偏头痛)–andcanhelpcounterthedrowsiness(眩晕)causedbyantihistamines(抗组胺药).Caffeinedoesnotaltertheneedforsleep,butitdoesofferatemporarysolutiontofatigueforpeoplewhoneedtostayalert.Researchhasshownthatsleep-deprivedindividualswhoconsumedcaffeinehadimprovedmemoryandreasoningabilities,atleastintheshortterm.Studiesofrunnersandcyclistshaveshownthatcaffeinecanimprovetheirstamina-henceitsadditiontoenergy-boostingsportsdrinks.Peoplewhoconsumealotofcaffeineregularlymaydeveloptemporarywithdrawalsymptoms,headachebeingthemostcommon,iftheyquitorcutbackonitabruptly.Fortunately,thesesymptomslastonlyadayortwoinmostcases.Individualswhoaremoresensitivetothestimulatorysideeffectsofcaffeinemaywanttoavoidit,butmostdoctorsagreethattheequivalentofthreecupsofcoffeeadaydoesnotharmhealthypeople.Thereisnomedicalbasistogiveupdailycaffeineandmanyreasonstoincludeamoderateamountinone'sdiet.41.Drinkingcoffeeorteamayhelp3分A.lowertheincidence发生率ofnon-melanoma黑素瘤skincancer.B.lowertheincidenceofbeingoverweight.C.increasetheincidenceofendometrialcancer.D.increasetheincidenceoflivercancer.注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，Drinkingcoffeeortea做关键词，在关键词附近找与四个选项长的相的，lowerincidenceofnon-melanomamelə'nəumə](黑色素瘤)skincancers.答案迎刃而解。42.Caffeineisusedto3分A.reducehighbloodpressure.B.curelivercancer.C.relieveheadaches.D.treatskincancer.注解：该题为细节题，一般我们不主张用中心词作为关键词，但在题干过短的情况下，只有用Caffeine作为中心词,但由于是中心词，需多查几个。43.SomeathletesusecaffeinetoA.increasetheirendurance忍耐力.B.improvetheirspeed.C.maintaintheiralertness.D.relaxtheirmuscles.注解：该题为细节题，一般我们不主张用中心词作为关键词，但在出题人过于狡猾，将文中runnersandcyclists在题干中改为athletes的情况下，只有用Caffeine作为中心词。44.CaffeinewithdrawalsymptomsA.canbecomeanongoingproblem.B.maylastaslongasaweek.C.areusuallyshort-lived.D.areweightlossandmentaldisorder.注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，Caffeinewithdrawalsymptoms做关键词，在关键词附近无相同词汇，出题人将文中thesesymptomslastonlyadayortwo这种症状持续一至两天改为C.areusuallyshort-lived.症状通常很短。45.DrinkingthreecupsofcoffeeadayA.maynotberecommendedbymostdoctors.B.willprobablynotcauseproblems.C.isharmfultohealthypeople.D.maybenefitsensitivepeople.注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，threecupsofcoffeeaday做关键词，在关键词附近无相同词汇，出题人将文中doesnotharmhealthypeople不会伤害健康人改为B.willprobablynotcauseproblems改为可能不会引起问题。职称英语考试六大题型解题顺序1.第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)4分2.第4部分：阅读理解(第3l～45题，每题3分，共45分)一篇15分+二篇（押题）12分三篇（较难6分）=33分3.第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)15分第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分)2012专业第23课卫生阅读与完型押题完形填空:A级第十一篇:MigrantWorkers(A级)第十二篇：Dreams（A级）第十三篇：ScientistsDevelopWaysofDetectingHeartAttack(A级)第十四篇：AHealthProfile（A级）第十五篇：LifeExpectancyintheLastHundredYears（A级）Dreams15分Everyonecandream.Indeed,everyonedoesdream.Thosewho______(51)thattheyneverdreamatallactuallydream______(52)asfrequentlyastherestofus,______(53)theymaynotrememberanythingaboutit.Eventhoseofuswhoareperfectly______(54)ofdreamingnightafternightveryveryseldomrememberthosedreamsin______(55)detailbutmerelyretainanuntidymixtureofseeminglyunrelated______(56).Dreamsarenotsimplyvisual-wedreamwithallour______(57),sothatweappeartoexperiencesound,touch,smell,andtaste.Oneoftheworld'soldest______(58)writtendocumentsistheEgyptianBookofDreams.Thisvolumeisaboutfivethousandyearsold,soyoucansee______(59)dreamswerebelievedtohaveaspecialsignificanceeventhen.Manyancientcivilizationsbelievedthatyou______(60)neverwakeasleepingpersonas,duringsleep,thesoulhadleftthebodyandmightnotbeabletoreturn______(61)timeifthesleeperweresuddenlyawoken.Fromancienttimestothepresent______(62),peoplehavebeenmakingattemptstointerpretdreamsandto______(63)theirsignificance.Therearemanybooksavailableonthe______(64)ofdreaminterpretation,althoughunfortunatelytherearealmostasmanymeaningsforaparticulardream______(65)therearebooks.2012原卷51.A.demandB.promiseC.agreeD.claim52.A.alsoB.justC.onlyD.quite53.A.thoughB.besidesC.howeverD.despite54.A.familiarB.accustomedC.awareD.used55.A.greatB.strongC.highD.deep56.A.conditionsB.impressionsC.visionD.collection57.A.effortsB.tastesC.wordsD.senses58.A.consideredB.knownC.regardedD.estimated59.A.thatB.whyC.ifD.when60.A.wouldB.oughtC.shouldD.need61.A.byB.inC.withD.for62.A.minuteB.hourC.momentD.day63.A.studyB.attachC.explainD.reach64.A.factB.subjectC.majorD.impact65.A.asB.likeC.soD.such押题练习：1.AdemandBpromiseCagreeDclaim2.AalsoBjustConlyDquite3.AthoughBbesidesChoweverDdespite4.AfamiliarBaccustomedCawareDused5.AafterBonCthroughDover6.AgreatBhighCstrongDdeep7.AfeelingsBemotionsCimpressionsDsenses8.AconsideredBknownCregardedDestimated9.AseeBfeelCensureDthink10.AwouldBoughtCshouldDneed11.AbyBinCwithDfor12.AawokeBawokenCawakeDawaken13.AminuteBhourCmomentDday14.AdoingBputtingCmakingDtaking15.AasBlikeCsoDsuch已得到52分第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)由于很多同学字典还未到，词汇选项将于一月中旬集中讲解,大约能拿到8—12分实际已经及格-------52+8分=60孙老师特别提示：请同学们认真参加练习，然后用后面加有注解的卷子再听讲评。概括大意与完成句子孙老师特别提示：概括大意与完成句子题型分为两部份,第一部份4分为概括大意,第二部份部4分为完成句子,其中概括大意比较容易。要点在于抓住每段的中心思想。而英美人在写段落时,通常将段落中心放在段首,解题方法基本上与抓文章中心相同,我们已经有了抓住文章中心的基础,拿到此4分并不十分困难,而完成句子需按前半句与后半句的逻辑关系,并结合课文连接,对基础较差的考生十分困难。对于如何解决本题型,我总结了两张要领表,请同学们认真体会,牢记心中。并反复练习,对本部分不可期待过高,能拿到一半分数,即4分已经很好了。概括大意应试技巧先读一下题目（了解文章大意——中心）最好将1、2、3、4题后的A、B、C、D、E、F中的不会的名词查一下字典，并写在考卷上。（如词汇量太少的同学可跳过这一步骤）注意1、2、3、4所指示的段落，即——1段、2段。英文的段落中心一般在该段的第一句或第二句(ButHowevernowso“____”:)等。并注意该段中的中文注释。然后注意段落中是否重复选项中的单词。如没有，可参看最后一句。有时，会出现同义词与近意词的更换如：usedcar(二手车）——secondhandcar（二手车），key(重要的)——important(重要的)。最后一段的段落中心往往在该段的第一句或段尾。如有多个重复，一般以重复多为准。第一段可以参考题目与第一句如遇找不到时，跳过此题，先做容易，后做难的。这样可缩小选择范围，做完一个划掉一个。概括大意中的补全句子读一下选项,先读能读懂的，并将符合逻辑的勾出。可以从课文中找到与选项中相同的句子和词组，从周围或段首与段尾中找与选项中重复的单词，一般就是正确答案。以重复多的为准。先找容易的。做完一个划掉一个。正规考试时，一般出题是按文章顺序。第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。MultipleSclerosis(多发性硬化症)1MultipleSclerosis(MS)isadiseaseinwhichthepatient'simmune(免疫的)systemattacksthecentralnervoussystem.Thiscanleadtonumerousphysicalandmentalsymptoms,asthediseaseaffectsthetransmissionofelectricalsignalsbetweenthebodyandthebrain.However,thehumanbody,beingaflexible,adaptablesystem,cancompensateforsomelevelofdamage,soapersonwithMScanlookandfeelfineeventhoughthediseaseispresent.2MSpatientscanhaveoneoftwomainvarietiesofthedisease:therelapsingform(复发型)andtheprimaryprogressiveform.Intherelapsingform,thediseaseprogressesinaseriesofjumps;attimesitisinremission(减轻).whichmeansthataperson'snormalfunctionsreturnforaperiodoftimebeforethesystemgoesintorelapseandthediseaseagainbecomesmoreactive.ThisisthemostcommonformofMS;80-90%ofpeoplehavethisformofthediseasewhentheyarefirstdiagnosed.Therelapse-remissioncyclecancontinueformanyyears.Eventually,however,Iossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionsstartstotakeplaceandtheremissionsbecomelessfrequent.3IntheprimaryprogressiveformofMS,therearenoremissionsandacontinualbutsteadylossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionstakesplace.Thisconditionaffectsabout10-15%ofsufferersatdiagnosis.4Theexpectedcourseofthedisease,orprognosis(预后),dependsonmanyvariables:thesubtypeofthedisease,thepatient'sindividualcharacteristicsandtheinitialsymptoms.Lifeexpectancyofpatients,however,isoftennearlythesameasthatofanunaffectedperson-providedthatareasonablestandardofcareisreceived.Insomecasesanear-normallifespanispossible.5Thecauseofthediseaseisunclear;itseemsthatsomepeoplehaveageneticSusceptibility(易感性),whichistriggeredbysomeunknownenvironmentalfactor.Onset(发作)ofthediseaseusuallyoccursinyoungadultsbetweentheagesof20and40.Itismorecommoninwomenthanmen;however,ithasalsobeendiagnosedinyoungchildrenandinelderlypeople.23.Paragraph1_____24.Paragraph2_____25.Paragraph3_____26.Paragraph4_____A.TherelapsingformofMSB.ThecauseofMSC.TheprimaryprogressiveformofMSD.ThedefinitionofMSE.ThedevelopmentofMSF.ThetreatmentforMS27.MSaffectsthecommunicationofnervecellsbetweenthebodyand______28.AnMSpatientcanfeelfineforyearswithoutbeingaffectedmuchby______29.10-15%ofMSpatientsarediagnosedashaving______30.Youngadultsmighthaveahigherchanceofdevelopingthediseasethan______A.theelderlypeopleB.relativesofMSpatientsC.theprogressiveformD.thebrainE.lifeexpectancyF.thedisease讲解：MultipleSclerosis(多发性硬化症)1MultipleSclerosis(MS)isadiseaseinwhichthepatient'simmune(免疫的)systemattacksthecentralnervoussystem.Thiscanleadtonumerousphysicalandmentalsymptoms,asthediseaseaffectsthetransmissionofelectricalsignalsbetweenthebodyandthebrain.However,thehumanbody,beingaflexible,adaptablesystem,cancompensateforsomelevelofdamage,soapersonwithMScanlookandfeelfineeventhoughthediseaseispresent.2MSpatientscanhaveoneoftwomainvarietiesofthedisease:therelapsingform(复发型)andtheprimaryprogressiveform.Intherelapsingform,thediseaseprogressesinaseriesofjumps;attimesitisinremission(减轻).whichmeansthataperson'snormalfunctionsreturnforaperiodoftimebeforethesystemgoesintorelapseandthediseaseagainbecomesmoreactive.ThisisthemostcommonformofMS;80-90%ofpeoplehavethisformofthediseasewhentheyarefirstdiagnosed.Therelapse-remissioncyclecancontinueformanyyears.Eventually,however,Iossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionsstartstotakeplaceandtheremissionsbecomelessfrequent.3IntheprimaryprogressiveformofMS,therearenoremissionsandacontinualbutsteadylossofphysicalandcognitivefunctionstakesplace.Thisconditionaffectsabout10-15%ofsufferersatdiagnosis.4Theexpectedcourseofthedisease,orprognosis(预后),dependsonmanyvariables:thesubtypeofthedisease,thepatient'sindividualcharacteristicsandtheinitialsymptoms.Lifeexpectancyofpatients,however,isoftennearlythesameasthatofanunaffectedperson-providedthatareasonablestandardofcareisreceived.Insomecasesanear-normallifespanispossible.5Thecauseofthediseaseisunclear;itseemsthatsomepeoplehaveageneticSusceptibility(易感性),whichistriggeredbysomeunknownenvironmentalfactor.Onset(发作)ofthediseaseusuallyoccursinyoungadultsbetweentheagesof20and40.Itismorecommoninwomenthanmen;however,ithasalsobeendiagnosedinyoungchildrenandinelderlypeople.23.Paragraph1_____D.ThedefinitionofMS注解：definition定义，一般为第一段的答案。24.Paragraph2_____A.TherelapsingformofMS注解：注意［：］号［“”］号--英文的段落中心一般在该段的第一句或第二句(ButHowevernowso“____”:)等。25.Paragraph3_____C.TheprimaryprogressiveformofMS注解：第三段第一句重复。26.Paragraph4_____E.ThedevelopmentofMS注解：此题不好做，建议放弃。A.TherelapsingformofMSB.ThecauseofMSC.TheprimaryprogressiveformofMSD.ThedefinitionofMSE.ThedevelopmentofMSF.ThetreatmentforMS27.MSaffectsthecommunicationofnervecellsbetweenthebodyand_D.thebrain_____注解：可以从课文中找到与选项中相同的句子和词组，从周围或段首与段尾中找与选项中重复的单词，一般就是正确答案。以重复多的为准。28.AnMSpatientcanfeelfineforyearswithoutbeingaffectedmuchby__F.thedisease____29.10-15%ofMSpatientsarediagnosedashaving__C.theprogressiveform____30.Youngadultsmighthaveahigherchanceofdevelopingthediseasethan___A.theelderlypeople___A.theelderlypeopleB.relativesofMSpatientsC.theprogressiveformD.thebrainE.lifeexpectancyF.thedisease第5部分：补全短文(第46~50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。TheMysteriesofNazcaInthedesertofPeru,300kilometersfromLima,oneofthemostunusualartworksintheworldhasmystified(迷惑)peoplefordecades.(46)Butfromhighabove,thesemarksarehugeimagesofbirds,fish,seashells,allbeautifullycarvedintotheearth.TheNazcalinesaresodifficulttoseefromthegroundthattheyweren’tdiscovereduntilthe1930s,whenpilotsspottedthemwhileflyingoverthearea.Inall,thereareabout70differenthumanandanimalfiguresontheplain,alongwith900triangles,circles,andlines.Researchershavefiguredoutthatthelinesareatleast1,500yearsold,buttheirpurposeisstillamystery.(47)However,itwouldprobablybeverytrickytolandaspaceshipinthemiddleofpicturesofdogsandmonkeys.Inthe1940s,anAmericanexplorernamedPaulKosoksuggestedthatthedrawingsareachronicle(记录)ofthemovementofthestarsandplanets.(48)later,anastronomertestedhistheorywithacomputer,buthecouldn’tfindanyrelationbetweenthelinesandmovementsinspace.Anotherexplanationisthatthelinesmayhavebeenmadeforreligiousreasons.BritishresearcherTonyMorrisoninvestigatedthecustomsofpeopleintheAndesRecently,twootherscientists,DavidJohnsonandSteveMabee,havespeculatedthatlinescouldhavebeenrelatedtowater.Nazcaisoneofthedriestplacesintheworldandreceivesonly2cmofraineveryyear.WhileJohnsonwassearchingforancientwatersourcesinthearea,henoticedthatsomewaterwaysbuiltancientpeoplewereconnectedwiththelines.JohnsonbelievesthattheNazcalinesareagiantmapoftheundergroundwaterinthearea(50)A.HecalledNazca“thelargestastronomybookintheworld”.B.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.C.Scholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeofthedesigns.D.Otherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoprovethis.E.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.F.Thelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialceremonies.讲解：TheMysteriesofNazcaInthedesertofPeru,300kilometersfromLima,oneofthemostunusualartworksintheworldhasmystified(迷惑)peoplefordecades.(46)B.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.Butfromhighabove,thesemarksarehugeimagesofbirds,fish,seashells,allbeautifullycarvedintotheearth.TheNazcalinesaresodifficulttoseefromthegroundthattheyweren’tdiscovereduntilthe1930s,whenpilotsspottedthemwhileflyingoverthearea.Inall,thereareabout70differenthumanandanimalfiguresontheplain,alongwith900triangles,circles,andlines.Researchershavefiguredoutthatthelinesareatleast1,500yearsold,buttheirpurposeisstillamystery.(47)E.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.However,itwouldprobablybeverytrickytolandaspaceshipinthemiddleofpicturesofdogsandmonkeys.Inthe1940s,anAmericanexplorernamedPaulKosoksuggestedthatthed