2023版高考英语一轮总复习第1部分模块知识复习Unit3SeaExploration课件新人教版选择性必修第四册

选择性必修第四册UNIT3

SEAEXPLORATION假定你是李华，你校外教Mr.Brown春节期间看到中国邻居房门上的福字是倒着贴的，感到很好奇，写信向你询问此事。请你给他回信，内容包括：1．福字倒贴的寓意；2．邀请他寒假来你家体验中国新年。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。★每日早晚必背►典型写作范例DearMr.Brown，______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua►高级词汇积累upsidedown上下颠倒theSpringFestival春节simplyput简言之thesameas…和……一样joinsb.todosth.和某人一起做某事experienceourtraditions体验我们的传统►丰富的句式结构1．I’mreallygladtoreceiveyourletter,in

which

you

have

asked

me

why

many

Chinese

choose

to

stick

the

character

Fu

upside

down

on

their

doors

during

the

Spring

Festival.(“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)2．To

put

it

upside

downmeansthathappinessisarriving…(不定式短语作主语)3．I’mwonderingwhether

you

can

join

my

family

to

celebrate

the

Chinese

Spring

Festival

this

year.(whether引导宾语从句)4．It’llbeagoodopportunitytoexperienceourtraditions.(it作形式主语)►佳文背诵DearMr.Brown，I’mreallygladtoreceiveyourletter,inwhichyouhaveaskedmewhymanyChinesechoosetostickthecharacterFuupsidedownontheirdoorsduringtheSpringFestival.Itisareallyinterestingquestion.Simplyput,itexpressestheirbestwishesforthenewyear.InChinese,thecharacterFumeanshappiness.Toputitupsidedownmeansthathappinessisarriving,because“upsidedown”soundsthesameasthecharacter“arrive”inChinese.Quiteinteresting,isn’tit?I’mwonderingwhetheryoucanjoinmyfamilytocelebratetheChineseSpringFestivalthisyear.It’llbeagoodopportunitytoexperienceourtraditions.WishyouanewyearwithalotofFu!Yours，LiHua★课前语基夯实►高频重点词汇◎核心词汇

会运用1．__________vt.扩展；使伸长；延长2．_________vt.商定；达成(协议)

vi.谈判；磋商；协商3．__________vi.&vt.(使)撤回；撤离4．__________n.纽带；关系

vt.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合extend

negotiate

withdraw

bond

5．__________n.职业；行业6．__________n.混合；结合体；混合物7．__________n.新闻报道；覆盖范围8．__________vt.&vi.鼓掌vt.称赞；赞赏9．__________n.胶囊；太空舱profession

mixture

coverage

applaud

capsule

10．__________vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏

n．谋杀；凶杀11．__________n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠12．__________n.个人财产；拥有；控制13．__________n.逮捕；拘留；中止

vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止murder

mercy

possessionarrest

【语境活用】根据汉语意思填写单词1．We’vedecidedto__________(谈判)withtheemployersaboutourwageissue.2．Ourplayingfields__________(扩展)asfarasthosetrees.3．(2021·全国卷Ⅰ)Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatour__________(关系)withtheworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.4．Mr.Smithisaleadingmemberofthemedical__________(行业)．negotiate

extend

bond

profession

5．Suddenly,Ifoundmyselfcontrolledbya__________(混合)ofexcitementandfear.6．Amorecomplete__________(覆盖)ofHalloweencustomscanbefoundatHalloweentraditions.7．Theaudienceroseto__________(鼓掌)thespeakerattheendofthisinspiringspeech.mixture

coverage

applaud

8．ARussianspace__________(太空舱)iscurrentlyorbitingtheEarth.9．Thekindcommandershowed__________(宽恕)totheprisonersofwar.10．Itriedtocomforthimafterhewasdefeatedbyhis__________(对手)．capsule

mercy

opponent

◎拓展词汇

能提升1．__________vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→__________n．延伸；扩大；延长期→__________adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的2．__________vt.商定；达成(协议)vi.谈判；磋商；协商→__________n．谈判；协商→__________n.谈判代表；协商者3．__________vi.&vt.(使)撤回；撤离→__________n.撤走；收回extend

extension

extensive

negotiate

negotiation

negotiator

withdraw

withdrawal

4．__________n.政治；政治观点→__________adj.政治的；政府的→__________adv.政治上→__________n．政治家；政客5．__________n．职业；行业→__________adj.职业的；专业的n.专业人士；职业选手→__________n．教授6．__________n．混合；结合体；混合物→__________vi.&vt.(使)混合；(使)掺和；(使)融合→__________adj.混合的；混杂的politics

political

politically

politician

profession

professional

professor

mixture

mix

mixed

7．__________n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→__________vt.覆盖；报道；涉及

n．封面8．__________vt.&vi.鼓掌vt.称赞；赞赏→__________n.鼓掌；掌声；喝彩9．__________n．迁移；迁徙；移居→__________v．迁移；迁徙→__________n．移居者；移民10．__________vt.开发；利用；剥削→____________n．开采，开发；利用；剥夺coverage

cover

applaud

applause

migration

migrate

migrant

exploit

exploitation

11．__________vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n．谋杀；凶杀→__________n．谋杀犯12．__________n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→__________adj.仁慈的；宽大的→__________adj.无情的；残忍的13．__________n．[usuallypl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→__________vt.拥有；占有；具有14．__________n．反对者；对手；竞争者→__________vt.反对；抵制→__________adj.反对的；截然不同的

murder

murderer

mercy

merciful

merciless

possession

possess

opponent

oppose

opposed

【语境活用】使用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Wehadhopedforthe____________(extend)ofthedeadlinetotheendoftheweek.2．HeisthelastmanIwant____________(negotiate)with.3．Governmentsubsidies(补贴)andtariffs(关税)onfarmproductshavelongbeen____________(political)controversial.4．Thetournamentisopentoamateursaswellas____________(professional)．extension

tonegotiate

politically

professionals

5．Thetalkwasconductedina____________(mix)ofEnglish,RussianandFrench.6．Howcana____________(mercy)Godpermitahumanbeingtosuffersuchtorment(痛苦)?7．Theyarewillingtogiveuptheirentire____________(possess)．8．Heremainedstrongly____________(oppose)totheideaofmovingabroad.mixture

merciful

possessions

opposed

9．Theaudiencebrokeintothunderous____________(applaud)attheendofthelecture.10．When____________(migrant)arriveinthecountry,theyfaceaworldthatcanbeconfusinginmanyways.applause

migrants

►高频短语串记setsail;inaleagueofone’sown;withdrawfrom;inhand;pressconference;reachout;findone’sway;underthecommandof;forthebenefitof;berelatedto◎单元短语再现【语境活用】选用前面短语的适当形式填空1．WiththeintroductionoftheInternet,wecan____________________toourfriendsbye-mail.2．Companieswererunsustainably____________________managementandemployees.【答案】1．reachout

2．forthebenefitof3．Thethemeofthedialogueshould____________________thethemeofthereadingpassage.4．Don’tbothertomeetmeatthestation.I’msureI’llbeableto____________________toyourhouse.【答案】3．berelatedto

4．findmyway5．Theemployeesareworking____________________theemployeratthemoment.6．Abird____________________isworthtwointhebush.【答案】5．underthecommandof

6．inhand7．Hehadthegoodsenseto____________________theelectioncontest.8．Athousandboats____________________onalongstretchoftheriver.【答案】7．withdrawfrom

8．setsail►重点句型仿写背原句明句型巧仿写Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,whichalsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother’scultures.在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人聚在一起谈判贸易协议，这也让人们对彼此的文化有了更多的了解。which引导的非限制性定语从句1．Sheheardaterriblenoise,___intohermouth.她听到可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。【答案】1．whichbroughtherheart

背原句明句型巧仿写AlthoughChinawithdrewfromfurtherexpeditionsafter1433,theselandandsearoutesremainedactivechannelsbetweenotherculturesforcenturies.尽管中国在1433年之后退出了进一步的远征，但这些陆海通道在几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间活跃的通道。although引导的状语从句，不能和but连用2．Heinsistedondoingit____.虽然我警告他不要做，但是他坚持做。【答案】2．althoughIwarnedhimnotto

背原句明句型巧仿写Inrecentyears,ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.近年来，中国与其他国家一起进行了几次北极探险。时间状语为“inrecentyears”时，句子的时态用现在完成时3．Regulators______________________________inrecentyears.近些年来，监管机构采取过类似的举措。【答案】3．havemadesimilarmoves

背原句明句型巧仿写Butifweburnthese,theicewillmeltmoreandthisnegativecyclewillcontinue.但如果我们烧掉这些，冰就会融化更多，这样的恶性循环就会继续下去。if引导的条件句，主将从现4．You______________________________ifyoustudyhard.如果你努力学习，就会取得好成绩。【答案】4．willgetgoodgrades★考点多维突破1．mixturen．混合；结合体；混合物【paraphrase】(1)Amixtureofthingsconsistsofseveraldifferentthingstogether.(2)Amixtureisasubstancethatconsistsofothersubstanceswhichhavebeenstirredorshakentogether.►词汇精磨【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Sheputthesugarintothecoffeeand__________(mix)themupwithaspoon.(2)Bothofthelandissurroundedbya__________(mix)offarmlandandforest.(3)Butnoteveryoneishappyabout__________(mix)highartandfastfood.【答案】(1)mixed

(2)mixture

(3)mixing【再精写】微写作(4)我们不断进行实验，直至将所需颜色调配成功。Wecontinuallyexperimenteduntilwe__________________.【答案】(4)succeededinmixingtherightcolour(1)amixtureof…

……的混合amixtureoffearandexcitement既兴奋又恐惧(2)mixvt.&vi.混合；调配mixwith…

与……混合/融合mixAand/withB把A和B混合/融合mixup混淆；弄乱；使糊涂(3)mixedadj.混合的；混杂的mixedfeelings复杂的情感【归纳拓展】【名师点击】下面名词均含“混合”之意。compound指由两种或两种以上的物质结合在一起，发生化学变化而成的复合物、化学物。mixture是普通用词，指把不同种类、性质不同的多种东西混合在一起，组成的东西未起化学变化。blend侧重混合成分之间的类似和整个混合物的统一性。combination指相混元素的紧密结合，但不一定的是融合。【佳句背诵】(2019·北京卷)Theresultsaremixedforfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod.足球和篮球的成绩参差不齐，为一支球队增加天才球员证明是一个好方法。Ilistenedtohisadventurewithamixtureofamusementanddisbelief.我怀着一种既好笑又不相信的复杂心情，听他讲述他的历险故事。2．applaudvt.&vi.鼓掌vt.称赞；赞赏【paraphrase】(1)Whenagroupofpeopleapplaud,theyclaptheirhandsinordertoshowapproval,forexamplewhentheyhaveenjoyedaplayorconcert.(2)Whenanattitudeoractionisapplauded,peoplepraiseit.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Theaudienceatthestadiumsuddenlyleapedtotheirfeetandbegan__________(applaud)．(2)Afterwhatseemedlikeahundredyears,Ifoundmylisteners__________(applaud)loudly.(3)Therewasagreatroundof__________(applaud)whenthedanceended.【答案】(1)toapplaud

(2)applauding

(3)applause【再精写】微写作(4)他的讲话赢得了听众的掌声。Hisspeech___________________________.(5)咱们为下一个表演者热烈鼓掌吧。Let’shave______________________thenextperformer.【答案】(4)wontheapplauseoftheaudience(5)agoodroundofapplausefor(1)applaudloudly/warmly热烈鼓掌applaudsb.forsth.赞赏某人某事applaudherforhavingcourage赞赏她有勇气(2)applausen.鼓掌；喝彩abigroundofapplause热烈鼓掌break/burstintothunderousapplause爆发出雷鸣般的掌声【归纳拓展】【名师点击】(1)applaudsb.forsth.表示“赞赏某人某事”，还可以写为praisesb.forsth.(2)和applaud变名词一样用法的还有：respond(response)和defend(defence/defense)。【佳句背诵】Whenthethreeinternationallyknownstarsappearedonthestage,theentireconcerthallburstintoapplause.当三位世界著名明星出现在舞台上时，整个音乐大厅爆发出掌声。Everypersonstoodtoapplaudhisunforgettableactofcourage.所有人起立为他不可磨灭的英勇之举鼓掌。3．mercyn.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠【paraphrase】(1)Ifsomeoneinauthorityshowsmercy,theychoosenottoharmsomeonetheyhavepowerover,ortheyforgivesomeonetheyhavetherighttopunish.(2)Mercyisusedtodescribeaspecialjourneytohelpsomeoneingreatneed,suchaspeoplewhoaresickormadehomelessbywar.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)The__________(mercy)kingsavedtheyoungofficersfromdeath.(2)Giveusthestrengthtoshowmercy__________thosewhoaremerciless.(3)Ihavemercy__________you,butIcan’thelpyouthistime.【答案】(1)merciful

(2)to

(3)on

【再精写】微写作(4)南非的农民更容易受到大自然的摆布。FarmersinSouthAfricaaremore_________________.(5)这位君主毫不留情地把他的意志强加于人民。ThePrincewouldworkhiswillonthepeople_____________.【答案】(4)atthemercyofnature

(5)withoutmercy(1)havemercyon对……怜悯showmercyto对……怜悯atthemercyof…

在……的支配下；任由……摆布withoutmercy毫不留情outofmercy出于怜悯(2)mercifuladj.怜悯的；仁慈的；宽大的mercilessadj.无情的；残忍的bemerciful/mercilessto…

对……有/没有怜悯心【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】Havemercyonothersandyouwillgetmoreinthefuture.对别人有同情心，你将得到更多的回报。Ihopetheteachercanshowmercytome,orIcannotgetthroughtheexam.我希望老师能对我手下留情，

否则我过不了考试。4．possessionn．个人财产；拥有；控制【paraphrase】(1)Ifyouareinpossessionofsomething,youhaveit,becauseyouhaveobtaineditorbecauseitbelongstoyou.(2)Yourpossessionsarethethingsthatyouownorhavewithyouataparticulartime.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Inmanystates,itisillegalforanyonetobein__________(possess)offireworks,regardlessofage.(2)Successcannotbemeasuredby__________(possess)youhavemadeinlife.(3)Heis__________(possess)ofthemostbrillianttalents.(4)Thehotel__________(possess)everymoderncomfort.【答案】(1)possession

(2)possessions

(3)possessed

(4)possesses【再精写】微写作(5)拥有良好的时间管理技巧的学生更可能在大学有好的表现。Students___________________________aremorelikelytoperformwellinuniversities.(6)现代建筑好像有地域特色。Itseemsthatthemodernarchitecture__________________regionalfeatures.【答案】(5)inpossessionofgoodtime-managementskills(6)ispossessedof(1)personalpossessions个人财产get/take/gain/havepossessionof拥有；占有beinpossessionof占有；拥有；持有beinthepossessionof＝beinsb’spossession为某人所有；在某人的控制下【归纳拓展】(2)possessv.拥有bepossessedof具有(某品质、能力等)bepossessedofgoodhealth身体健康bepossessedofasenseofhumor有幽默感【名师点击】(1)inpossessionof意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；inthepossessionof意为“为某人所有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。Jennyisinpossessionofthehouse.＝ThehouseisinthepossessionofJenny.珍妮拥有这所房子。(2)和上面类似用法的有inchargeof和inthechargeof。ThisclassisinthechargeofMr.Wang＝Mr.Wangisinchargeofthisclass.王老师负责这个班。【佳句背诵】Myfatherannouncedthatthebeautifulhousewasinthepossessionofme.我父亲宣布说这套漂亮的房子是我的了。Jackispossessedofpotentialpowerlikecreativeideas.杰克具备潜在的能力，比如创新的思想。5．logvt.把……载入正式记录；记录n.正式记录；日志；原木【paraphrase】(1)Ifyouloganeventorfact,yourecorditofficiallyinwritingoronacomputer.(2)Alogisanofficialwrittenaccountofwhathappenseachday,forexampleonboardaship.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Customerspaytolog__________andchatwithotherusers.(2)__________(log)companieswouldhavetoleaveacentralareaoftheforestbeforetheendoftheyear.(3)Iregrettotellyouthatthesystemisunable__________youon.【答案】(1)on

(2)Logging

(3)tolog【再精写】微写作(4)当员工登录自己的电脑时，他们会看到某位同事的照片并要求他们猜出名字。Whenemployees_________________totheircomputers,they’reshownapictureofoneoftheircoworkersandaskedtoguessthatperson’sname.(5)另一方面，各种法律法规需要公司保留日志。Ontheotherhand,variouslawsandregulationsrequirebusinessesto_________________.【答案】(4)login/on

(5)keeplogs(1)login/on登录；进入(计算机系统)logout/off注销；退出(计算机系统)(2)keepalog记日记(尤指航海/飞行日记)(3)loggingcompany伐木公司【归纳拓展】【名师点击】表示“记日记”的短语有：keepalog;keepadiary;keepajournal。【佳句背诵】Inordertologin,youhavetotypeinaspecialpassword.你得输入特殊的密码才能登录。Thecaptainhasstartedtokeepalogsincetheysetsail.自从他们启航以来，船长就开始记航海日志。6．arrestn．逮捕；拘留；中止vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止【paraphrase】(1)Ifthepolicearrestyou,theytakechargeofyouandtakeyoutoapolicestation,becausetheybelieveyoumayhavecommittedacrime.(3)Ifsomethingorsomeonearrestsaprocess,theystopitfromcontinuing.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Themanagedtwentyhasbeen__________arrestforayear.(2)Toouramazement,thegirl__________(arrest)fordrug-relatedoffences.(3)Theyfailed__________(arrest)thecompany’sdecline.【答案】(1)under

(2)wasarrested

(3)toarrest【再精写】微写作(4)刚才明亮的灯光吸引了婴儿的注意力。Thebrightlights___________________________justnow.【答案】(4)arrestedthebaby’sattention(1)arrestsb.forsth.因某事逮捕某人getarrested被捕arrestone’sattention吸引某人的注意力(2)beunderarrest被逮捕place/putsb.underarrest逮捕某人【归纳拓展】【佳句背诵】Thebirdwasarrestedonsuspicionofdamagingthegarden.这只鸟因被怀疑破坏花园而被逮捕了。Theyputhimunderarrestandtookhimtothepolicestation,wheretheychargedhimwithstealingacar.他们逮捕了他，并把他送到警局，在那里他被指控偷了一辆汽车。【名师点击】除了arrestone’sattention表示“吸引某人的注意力”外，下面这些短语也有同样的意思：attractone’sattention/drawone’sattention/catchone’sattention/catchone’seyes。7．withdrawfrom退出；撤回【paraphrase】(1)Amanwithdrawsfromthepositionwhereapersonshouldbeawayfromtheposition.(2)Ifyouwithdrawmoneyfromabankaccount,youtakeitoutofthataccount.【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Theywillfaceariskofbeingrequestedtowithdraw__________school.(2)Thegovernment______(withdraw)worn－outmoneyfromuse.(3)Hehasdecided________(withdraw)fromthecompetition.【答案】(1)from

(2)withdraws

(3)towithdraw【再精写】微写作(4)我想从我的银行账户里取出一些零用钱。Ifeellike______________________frommybankaccount.【答案】(4)withdrawingsomepocketmoney(1)withdrawfromschool退学withdrawcash取现金(2)recoverfrom从……恢复过来benefitfrom从……中受益datefrom回溯；追溯sufferfrom受……之苦；患……病【归纳拓展】(3)动词变名词withdraw→withdrawaln.撤退；收回；提款；取消；退股arrive→arrivaln.到来；到达survive→survivaln.幸存；残存；幸存者，残存物approve→approvaln.批准；认可；赞成propose→proposaln.提议，建议；求婚【佳句背诵】Hestatedthatallforeignforceswouldwithdrawassoonasthecrisisended.他声明危机一结束，所有外国军队都将撤离。Hewithdrewhisremarksandexplainedwhathehadmeanttosay.他收回所说的话，然后又解释他本来想说什么。1．(教材P26)Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,whichalsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother’scultures.

在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人聚在一起谈判贸易协议，这也让人们对彼此的文化有了更多的了解。►句型精讲【先精练】单句语法填空(1)(2021·北京卷)Then,anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails,__________somewhatinterestedme.(2)Thereisagreatdealofoxygenaroundus,without__________wecannotlive.(3)Aftergraduation,IdecidedtostayinChongqing,__________Ispentmychildhood.【答案】(1)which

(2)which

(3)where【再精写】微写作(4)这位老人渴望养一只宠物，这样能够陪伴着她。Theoldladywaseagertokeepapet,___________________.【答案】(4)whichcouldkeephercompany【句法分析】语法现象非限制性定语从句结构特点从句与主句之间有逗号隔开，独立存在，起补充说明的作用。句式演变关系词不能由that引导，

“介词＋关系代词”、关系副词均可以引导非限制性定语从句。【佳句背诵】(2020·江苏卷)Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,fromwhichstudentscanchooseforfree.许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。(2020·天津卷)Dr.Rowan，whosesecretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。2．(教材P27)Inrecentyears,ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.

近年来，中国与其他国家一起进行了几次北极探险。【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Overthepast40years,however,it__________(become)aghostlydesert.(2)Forexcellentwork,sofarshe__________(choose)asamodelteacherseveraltimes.(3)(2021·浙江卷)Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,__________(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.【答案】(1)hasbecome

(2)hasbeenchosen

(3)hasproved【再精写】微写作(4)我们的家乡不再是过去的样子；在过去的二十年里发生了很大的变化。Ourhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe;___________________________inthepasttwentyyears.【答案】(4)greatchangeshavetakenplace【句法分析】语法现象时间状语为inrecentyears，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语特点recently,overrecentyears等是现在完成时的标志状语常考点(1)现在完成时常用的时间状语为：in/during/overthepast/lastfew＋时间段；sofar;uptonow;tillnow;eversince;overtheyears等。(2)常用句式有：It/This/Thatisthefirsttimethat…；Sb./Sth.has/havedone…since…；Ithasbeen…since…等。【佳句背诵】(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.近些年来一些因纽特人在努勒维特报告了居民区周围看到了熊，导致人们认为熊的数量在增加。※真题长难句精讲精析(2020·北京卷)Instead,IagreewithOxfordUniversityphilosopherNickBostrom,whobelievesthattheheaviestrisksfromAGIdonotcomefromadecisiontoturnagainstmankindbutratherfromadoggedpursuitofsetobjectivesattheexpenseofeverythingelse.[句式解构]本句为who引导的__________句，所修饰的NickBostrom为从句中的__________；定语从句中that引导的是__________，且此从句中有关联短语__________。[句意翻译]______________________________________Keys：[句式解构]非限制性定语从句；先行词；宾语从句；not…but…不是……而是……[句意翻译]相反，我同意牛津大学哲学家尼克·波斯托姆的观点，他认为通用人工智能最大的风险不是来自于反对人类的决定，而是来自以牺牲其他一切为代价对既定目标的执着追求。★能力优化集训◎课文语法填空Tradeandcuriosityhaveoftenformedthefoundationofmankind’sgreatestachievements.1.__________(merchant)andexplorersfromtheEastsetsailfromeasttowestmanyyearsbeforeColumbusfirstdid.【答案】1．Merchants

►课本回放Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafounditswayalong2.__________becameknownastheSilkRoad,3.__________(extend)alongthecoastsoftheIndianOcean,centredaroundCeylon.Here，merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,4.__________alsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother’scultures.【答案】2．what

3．extending

4．which

Later,theMingDynastysentsevenlarge5.__________(fleet)tosailwestonvoyagesoftradeandexploration.6.__________thecommandofZhengHe，theysetsailfromtheSouthChinaSeaacrosstheIndianOceantothemouthoftheRedSea，andthentotheeastcoastofAfrica.AlthoughChina7.__________(withdraw)fromfurtherexpeditionsafter1433，theselandandsearoutesremainedactivechannelsbetweenotherculturesforcenturies.【答案】5．fleets

6．Under

7．withdrewToreachoutacrossthesea8.__________(remain)astrongdesiretoday.TheaimoftheBeltandRoadInitiativeistoencouragecooperationandtradeacrossthehistoricSilkRoadareas，and9.__________(strength)thebondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.Chinahasinvestedbillionsinsystemsandservicesalongtheseroutes.Chinahasalsojoineditsfriendsacrosstheseaonotherimportantprojects.TheneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChina10.__________(reach)outacrosstheseafarintothefuture.【答案】8．remains

9．strengthen

10．toreach◎语境填词tale;politics;channel;bond;atthemercyof;maritime;log;setsailThroughoutourhistory,wehavemany1.____________________ofmarvels,amongwhichI’dliketosharethestoryofthegreatnavigatorZhengHe.Therearealtogetherseven2.____________________affairs.【答案】1．tales

2．maritime

In1406,healongwithhisteammatesincludingofficers,soldiersanddoctors3.____________________fromSuzhou,asouthcoastalcityinourcountryinsearchofnew4.____________.Duringthenavigation,theysufferedalotfromviolentstorms.Theycontinuedsailingsouthwithgreatdetermination5.______________typhoons.【答案】3．setsail

4．channels

5．atthemercyof

Atlast,theygotintouchwithmanycountries,andbuiltanumberof6.___________ineconomy,culture,aswellas7.______________withthem,whichwaslater8.____________________inthehistoryinmemoryoftheirgreatachievements.【答案】6．bonds

7．politics

8．logged【语境辨义】根据语境写出黑体词的词性及含义1．Thecapitalistsexploittheworkersinordertomaximizeprofits.______________2．Hemayevenbeelectedwithoutaseriousopponent.______________3．Theotherdaythelocalschoolsformedafootballleague.______________【答案】1．vt.剥削2．n.对手3．n.联合会►技能提升4．Manystudentsha